JPH0717471U - Ratchet pawl disengagement device for manual or automatic screw fasteners - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] A manual or automatic screw tightening tool provided with a device for automatically tightening the engagement state of the ratchet gear and ratchet claw that acts during manual tightening and loosening, and disengaging it when loosening. [Structure] A tool shaft supported on a handle, a mounting part such as a socket fitted to a tightened body, a gear rotated by a forward / reverse motor, and a ratchet for switching a rotating direction of the tool shaft according to a rotating operation of the handle. In a manual or automatic screw tightening tool provided with a ratchet gear whose pawls engage and disengage, the ratchet pawl engaged with the ratchet gear is brought into contact with the operating body for activating the forward / reverse motor to disengage the engaged state. Ratchet pawl dissociation device with interlocking rod. [Effect] Since the engagement between the ratchet pawl and the ratchet gear, which acts during manual tightening and loosening of the tightened body when it is automatically tightened and loosened, is disengaged, noise is prevented from being generated during work, and the drive motor is loaded. Not only can the drive motor be miniaturized because it does not apply, but it also contributes to reduction of power consumption and enhancement of tightening and loosening force.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a device for manually or automatically tightening a nut or bolt to release the engaged state of a ratchet pawl in a loosening screw tightening tool.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 A conventional manual or automatic screw tightening tool is, as described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-31873, a tool shaft vertically installed rotatably at an end of a handle, and a tightened body such as a nut is attached to the end of the tool shaft. A ratchet tooth and a driven gear are provided on the outer peripheral surface, and a handle has a main shaft that is rotated by a forward and reverse motor and a manual gear that advances and retreats along the main shaft to engage and disengage with the driven gear. In addition to being internally provided, a mechanism for engaging and disengaging the manual gear and the driven gear, and a ratchet pawl that engages and disengages with the ratchet teeth and changes the rotation direction of the socket that rotates via the ratchet teeth and the tool shaft. Is.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 In the above-mentioned conventional technology, when the tightened body is automatically tightened or loosened, the forward / reverse motor is started to rotate the tool shaft through the main gear and the driven gear.However, the ratchet installed around the tool shaft during the operation. Since the teeth rotate while pushing the ratchet pawl in the engaged state against the spring, the ratchet teeth and ratchet pawl are prone to wear, and the forward and reverse motors are loaded and the tool shaft rotates. That is, it has a bad influence on the tightening and the loosening force.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a device that disengages the engaged state of the ratchet gear and the ratchet pawl during automatic tightening and loosening.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The tool shaft pivotally supported by the handle is equipped with a mounting part such as a socket that fits into the object to be tightened, a gear that is rotated by a forward / reverse motor, and a ratchet pawl that switches the rotating direction of the tool shaft when the handle is rotated. In a manual or automatic screw tightening tool provided with a ratchet gear that separates, an interlocking rod that disengages the engaged state by abutting the ratchet pawl engaged with the ratchet gear in conjunction with the operating body that activates the forward / reverse motor. The structure will be established.

[0006]

[Action]

 When tightening or loosening the object to be tightened automatically, mount the desired socket suitable for the size of the object to be tightened on the mounting part and fit it into the object to be tightened, and then tighten the forward / reverse motor with the starter. Alternatively, the ratchet pawl engaged with the ratchet gear is disengaged by the interlocking rod while rotating in the loosening direction, and the tool shaft is rotated through the gear that is rotated by the forward / reverse motor to tighten or loosen, When tightening or loosening manually, the ratchet claw that switches the rotation direction of the tool shaft is used to switch to the tightening or loosening rotation direction, fit the socket into the tightened body, and rotate the handle to rotate the ratchet gear. The tool shaft is rotated through to tighten or loosen.

[0007]

【effect】

 During automatic tightening and loosening of the object to be tightened, the engagement between the ratchet pawl and ratchet gear, which acts during manual tightening and loosening, is disengaged, so noise is not generated during work and the load on the drive motor is reduced. Not only can the drive motor be downsized because it does not take place, but it also helps reduce power consumption and increase the tightening and loosening force.

[0008]

【Example】

 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a ratchet pawl disengaging device in a manual or automatic screw tightening tool according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall side view, FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal side view, and FIG. -X sectional view, FIGS. 4 and 5 are operation state diagrams of the switching mechanism in the XX sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is an operating state of the ratchet pawl disengagement mechanism in the XX sectional view of FIG. It is a figure, and it demonstrates based on each figure below.

In the figure, reference numeral A indicates a manual or automatic screw tightening tool, which is a manual rotating mechanism B, an automatic rotating mechanism C or a rotating mechanism C of a tool shaft 2 pivotally supported on an end of a handle 1. The tool shaft 2 is provided with a switching mechanism D for switching the tightening / loosening / rotating direction of the tool shaft 2 and a ratchet pawl disengagement mechanism E by the two mechanisms B, C, and the tool shaft 2 is provided with a casing portion 1a provided at an end portion of the handle 1. Is vertically installed via bearings 1b, 1b, and a mounting portion 2a for a socket S adapted to the size of a tightened body N such as a nut is provided on a lower portion protruding from the casing portion 1a.

The manual rotation mechanism B of the tool shaft 2 is composed of a ratchet gear 3 fixed to the tool shaft 2 and a pair of ratchet pawls 4 and 4 engaged with and separated from the ratchet gear 3. Shaft ends 4b, 4b are oriented in the tangential direction of the ratchet gear 3 with the shaft rods 4a, 4a projecting at the base end pivotally supported by the handle 1 and the receiving body 5, and the ratchet pawls 4, 4 are oriented in the direction of each other. Different springs 6 and 6 are provided on the back side so that the swinging ends 4b and 4b are biased in the direction in which the swinging ends 4b and 4b engage with the ratchet gear 3. , 4 on the lower surface near the swinging ends 4b, 4b, the release contact rods 4c, 4c for releasing the engaged state of both the ratchet pawls 4, 4 and the ratchet gear 3 and the tool shaft connected to the switching mechanism D. Abutment rods 4d and 4 for switching the tightening and loosening rotation directions of 2 d is installed side by side.

The automatic rotation mechanism C of the tool shaft 2 includes a drive gear M rotated by a drive motor M that rotates forward and backward from a battery F or an external power source as a power source via a gear head G and a clutch K, and the drive gear 7. It consists of a driven gear 8 fixed to the tool shaft 2 that meshes, and an angular drive shaft 9 that communicates with the drive motor M is slidably fitted into a square hole 10a of the slide shaft 10, and An operating body 12 in which a driving gear 7 is slidably fitted to the tip of the shaft portion 10b, a buffer spring 11 is contracted between the sliding shaft 10 and the driving gear 7, and the sliding shaft 10 is slidably fitted in the casing 1a. The operating body 12 is provided with a contact terminal 12b for contacting with and separating from the terminal 13a of the starting switch 13 of the drive motor M. Both terminals 13, 12b and main gear 7 The spring 14 is arranged so as to bias the dynamic gear 8 in the direction in which it separates.

The rotation direction switching mechanism D of the tool shaft 2 by the manual rotation mechanism B and the automatic rotation mechanism C is arranged at a pair of ratchet pawls 4 and 4 in the manual rotation mechanism B and a lower portion of the ratchet pawls 4 and 4. The operating rod 15 and the forward / reverse rotation changeover switch 16 of the drive motor M in the automatic rotation mechanism C are provided, and the abutment portion 15a is provided on the upper surface of the central portion of the operating rod 15 and the lower surface of the drive motor M A contact terminal 17 for contacting with and separating from the terminals 16a, 16b, 16c provided on the forward / reverse rotation changeover switch 16 is provided, and the abutting portion 15a is positioned in the middle of a pair of ratchet pawls 4, 4 arranged in a V shape. When the abutment portion 15a is in the intermediate position, neither of the switching contact rods 4d, 4d provided on the lower surface of the ratchet pawls 4, 4 comes into contact with the abutment portion 15a, and both ratchets are provided. nail Both the swinging ends 4b and 4b of the rods 4 and 4 are engaged with the ratchet gear 3, respectively, and the contact terminal 17 is also in a state in which the changeover switch 16 is not operated (FIG. 5), and the reciprocating rod 15 is reciprocated. The abutment portion 15a comes into contact with the abutment rod 4d of the ratchet pawl 4 existing in the direction in which the abutment portion 15a moves along with the dynamic operation, and pushes the abutment portion 15a to disengage the swinging end 4b from the ratchet gear 3. The contact terminal 17 is arranged to operate the changeover switch 16 (FIGS. 3 and 4).

The ratchet pawl disengagement mechanism E is provided with interlocking rods 18 that advance and retreat as the operating body 12 moves back and forth in the automatic rotation mechanism C. The interlocking rods 18 are located on both sides of the operating body 12. Each of the leg pieces 18a, 18a is provided with a portion 18a, 18a and a pressing piece portion 18b, and each end of the leg piece portion 18a, 18a is opposed to the pressing step portions 12b, 12b provided on both sides of the operating body 12, and the pressing piece portion 18b is manually rotated. The mechanism B is opposed to the disengagement contact rods 4c and 4c provided on the ratchet pawls 4 and 4, respectively.

The embodiment has the above-described structure. When the tightening body N is manually tightened, the operating rod 15 of the switching mechanism D is operated to the position shown in FIG. 4 to move the abutting portion 15a. Direction, the contact rod 4d for switching the ratchet pawl 4 is pushed against the spring 6 to disengage the swinging end 4b engaged with the ratchet gear 3, and only the other ratchet pawl 4 is engaged. In this state, the socket S attached to the lower end of the tool shaft 2 is fitted into the object N to be tightened and the handle 1 is rotated in the tightening direction to push the ratchet gear 3 with the ratchet pawl 4 in the engaged state. The tool shaft 2 is rotated and tightened only in the tightening direction, and when the tightened body N is loosened, the operating rod 15 is operated in the opposite direction (Fig. 3) and the same operation as described above is performed. Is relaxed by.

When automatically tightening the object to be tightened N, the automatic rotation mechanism C is operated while the operating rod 15 of the switching mechanism D is in the same position as in the case of manually tightening (FIG. 4). By operating the operating rod 15, the contact terminal 17 provided on the lower surface and the terminals 16b and 16c of the changeover switch 16 are connected to tighten the rotation of the drive motor M to switch the rotation direction, and the socket S to the tightened body N. Then, the operating body 12 is moved forward against the spring 14 by the operating piece 12a in the automatic rotation mechanism C (two-dot chain line in FIG. 2) to engage the driving gear 7 with the driven gear 8 and Along with the forward movement, the ends of the leg pieces 18a, 18a of the interlocking rod 18 in the ratchet claw disengagement mechanism E are pushed by the pressing step portions 12b, 12b of the operating body 12 to move forward to move the interlocking rod. The pressing piece portion 18b of 18 abuts on both of the disengagement contact rods 4c, 4c of the ratchet pawls 4, 4 facing each other or only the disengagement contact rod 4c of the ratchet pawl 4 engaged with the ratchet gear 3 The contact rod 4c is pushed open so as to disengage the ratchet pawl associated with the ratchet gear 3, and the contact terminal 12b provided on the operating body 12 and the terminal 13a of the start switch 13 of the drive motor M are also released. By connecting, the drive motor M is rotated in the tightening rotation direction, and the tool shaft 2 is rotated and tightened through the main gear 7 and the driven gear 8, and when the tightened body N is loosened, it is manually operated. Similar to the case of loosening, the operating rod 15 is operated in the opposite direction (FIG. 3) and the same operation as described above is performed, whereby the rod is automatically relaxed.

According to the embodiment, when the tightened body such as the nut is automatically tightened and loosened, the engagement between the ratchet pawl and the ratchet gear, which acts at the time of manual tightening and loosening, is disengaged. Not only can the drive motor be miniaturized because the drive motor is not loaded, but it also helps to reduce power consumption and increase the tightening and loosening force. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view.

FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal side view.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an operation state diagram of a switching mechanism.

FIG. 5 is an operation state diagram of the switching mechanism.

FIG. 6 is an operation state diagram of a ratchet claw dissociation mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Handle 2 Tool Axis 2a Mounting Part 3 Ratchet Gear 4 Ratchet Claw 8 Gear 12 Operating Body 18 Connecting Rod A Manual or Automatic Screw Tightening Tool S Socket M Forward / Reverse Motor

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A tool shaft rotatably supported by a handle, a mounting part such as a socket fitted to a tightened body, a gear rotated by a forward / reverse motor, and a rotation direction of the tool shaft according to a rotation operation of the handle. In a manual or automatic screw tightening tool equipped with a ratchet gear that the ratchet pawl to switch is disengaged,
A ratchet pawl disengaging device provided with an interlocking rod that comes into contact with a ratchet pawl engaged with a ratchet gear in conjunction with an operating body that activates the forward / reverse motor and disengages the engaged state.