JPS5952735A - Surface flaw detecting method of hot billet - Google Patents
Surface flaw detecting method of hot billetInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5952735A JPS5952735A JP16364782A JP16364782A JPS5952735A JP S5952735 A JPS5952735 A JP S5952735A JP 16364782 A JP16364782 A JP 16364782A JP 16364782 A JP16364782 A JP 16364782A JP S5952735 A JPS5952735 A JP S5952735A
- Authority
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hot
- light
- image
- billet
- reflected
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/8901—Optical details; Scanning details
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、熱間鋼片の表面欠陥検出方法に係り、特に、
連続鋳造設備により製造される連続鋳造鋼片あるいは分
塊圧延直後の鋼片等の表面欠陥を赤熱状態において検出
する際に用いるのに好適な、熱間鋼片の表面欠陥を光学
的に検出する熱間鋼片の表面欠陥検出方法の改良に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for detecting surface defects in hot steel pieces, and in particular,
Optical detection of surface defects in hot-worked steel billets, suitable for use in detecting surface defects in continuously cast steel billets produced by continuous casting equipment or steel billets immediately after blooming in a red-hot state This invention relates to an improvement in a method for detecting surface defects in hot-worked steel pieces.
周知のように、スラブ、ブルーム、ビレット等の鋼片に
ついては、圧延加工１ｔｉＪ Ｋ表面欠陥が検出され、
手入れされるが、表面欠陥等を検出するには、鋼片を當
温まで冷却し、目視または他の方法で検査するのが一般
的であった。As is well known, surface defects are detected in steel pieces such as slabs, blooms, and billets during rolling process.
However, in order to detect surface defects, it was common to cool the steel piece to a temperature of around 1000 and inspect it visually or by other methods.
一方近年、省エネルギの観点から、比較的高温状態にお
いて、欠陥検出及び手入れを行ない、圧延加工する方法
の比率が高くなって来ている。On the other hand, in recent years, from the viewpoint of energy saving, the proportion of methods in which defect detection and maintenance are performed and rolling processing is performed in a relatively high temperature state has been increasing.
このような、熱間鋼片の表面欠陥を検出する方法の一つ
に、熱間鋼片の表面欠陥を光学的に検出する、いわゆる
光学的方法があり、この光学的方法としては、例えば、
（１） 熱間鋼片表面から放射される、主として赤外
方法、
（２）熱間鋼片表面における光の反射の異常によシ表面
欠陥を検出する能動的検出方法、
（３） （１）、（２）の雨検出方法を合成した合成
検出方法などが知られている。One of the methods for detecting surface defects on hot-worked steel pieces is a so-called optical method that optically detects surface defects on hot-worked steel pieces. (1) Mainly infrared method emitted from the surface of hot-worked steel billet; (2) Active detection method for detecting surface defects by abnormality of light reflection on the surface of hot-worked steel billet; (3) (1) ), a synthetic detection method that combines the rain detection methods (2), etc. is known.
一方、熱間鋼片の表面欠陥の種類については、例えば、
連続鋳造設備によシ製造される連続鋳造鋼片では、いわ
ゆる割れ疵及び凹凸性疵が発生する。しかしながら、前
記（りの受動的検出方法では、大きな割れ疵では、健全
部と欠陥部の温度差が大きく、欠陥の検出が容易である
が、一方、単純な凹状欠陥は、健全部と欠陥部にそれ程
大きな温度差がないため、欠陥の検出が困難である。又
、前記（２）の能動的検出方法においても、凹凸性疵等
、表面性状の影響が著しく太きいため、検出が困難とな
るなどの問題がある。更に、これらを合成した前記（３
）の合成検出方法においても、先の欠点を補い得るもの
ではなかった。On the other hand, regarding the types of surface defects on hot steel billets, for example,
Continuously cast steel billets produced by continuous casting equipment are subject to so-called cracks and irregularities. However, in the passive detection method described above, large cracks have a large temperature difference between the healthy part and the defective part, making it easy to detect the defect; It is difficult to detect defects because there is not a large temperature difference between them.Furthermore, even with the active detection method described in (2) above, it is difficult to detect defects because the influence of the surface texture, such as unevenness, is extremely large. Furthermore, the above-mentioned (3) which synthesized these
)'s synthetic detection method could not compensate for the above drawbacks.
本発明は、前記従来の欠点を解消するべくなされだもの
で、熱間鋼片における、多種類、多規模の表面欠陥を、
正確に、且つ、感度良（検出することができ為熱間銅片
の表面欠陥検出方法な（♀供することを目的とする。The present invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and it is possible to eliminate various types and scales of surface defects in hot-worked steel slabs.
The purpose is to provide an accurate and sensitive method for detecting surface defects on hot copper pieces.
本発明は、熱間銅片の表面欠陥を光学的に検出する熱間
り：ハの表面欠陥検出方法において、熱間鋼片に対して
、熱間銅片からの放射光と相互に影響を及ぼし合わず、
且つ、互いに影響を及ぼし合うことのない複数の波長域
の可視光を照射し、熱間鋼片からの放射光による像、複
数のｒｊ］視光の熱間鋼片表面からの合成反射光による
像、及び、個個の反射光による像を祠て、これらの像の
組合せから熱間鋼片の表面欠陥を検出するようにして、
前記目的を達成したものである。The present invention provides a surface defect detection method for optically detecting surface defects of a hot copper piece, in which the hot steel piece is subjected to mutual influence with emitted light from the hot copper piece. do not affect each other,
In addition, visible light in multiple wavelength ranges that do not affect each other is irradiated, and an image is created by the emitted light from the hot steel billet, and a composite reflected light from the surface of the hot steel billet of the visible light is generated. image and images of individual reflected lights, and detect surface defects of the hot steel piece from a combination of these images,
The above objective has been achieved.
又、前記複数の可視光を、熱間鋼片表面の法線に関して
互いに対称な斜め方向から照射し、合成反射光による像
を熱間鋼片表面の法線方向で得るようにして、割れ疵を
精展良（検出できるようにしたものである。Further, the plurality of visible lights are irradiated from diagonal directions symmetrical to each other with respect to the normal to the surface of the hot-worked steel piece, and an image of the combined reflected light is obtained in the normal direction to the surface of the hot-worked steel piece. It is a device that can be detected in a sophisticated manner.
以下図面を参照して、本発す］に係る熱間６１１Ｍハの
表面欠陥検出方法が採用された、連続鋳造鋼片の表面欠
陥検出装置の実施例を詳細に説明する。Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of a surface defect detection apparatus for continuously cast steel billet, in which the hot 611M surface defect detection method according to the present invention is adopted, will be described in detail.
本実施例は、第１図に示す如く、被検査熱間缶片、例え
ば、紙面に垂直な方向に移動している連続鋳造鋼片（以
下鋼片と称する）１０に対して、該（（、・１片１０か
もの放射光、例えば赤外光と相互に影響を及はし合わず
、且つ、互いに影響を及はし合うことのない２つの波長
域の可視光を、鋼片び緑色波長域の可視光を照射する緑
色光源１４と、鋼片１０かもの放射光による像、２つの
可視光の鋼片表面からの合成反射光による像、及び、個
々の反射光による像を、鋼片１０嵌而の法線Ｎ方向で得
るための探傷ヘッド１６と、該探傷ヘッド１６により得
られる６像を出力するための出力側？Ｔ１１１装置１８
と、該出力制御装置１８出力に応じて像を監視するため
の画像モニタ２０と、前記出力制？＋１１装置１８出力
に応じて６像を組合せ処理して、鋼片１０の表面欠陥を
検出するためのデータ処理装置２２とから構成されてい
る。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. , ・One piece of radiated light, for example, infrared light, and two wavelength ranges of visible light that do not affect each other, and that do not affect each other A green light source 14 that irradiates visible light in the wavelength range, an image by the synchrotron radiation of 10 pieces of steel, an image by the combined reflected light of two visible lights from the surface of the steel piece, and an image by the individual reflected lights are A flaw detection head 16 for obtaining images in the normal N direction of the ten pieces, and an output-side T111 device 18 for outputting six images obtained by the flaw detection head 16.
, an image monitor 20 for monitoring the image according to the output of the output control device 18, and the output control device 18; +11 device 18 output, and a data processing device 22 for processing six images in combination to detect surface defects in the steel piece 10.
前記各青色光源１２及び緑色光源１４は、単独では良好
な陰影を得ることができるように、その投光角が鋼片１
０の表面に対する法線Ｎに対して、適当角度傾くように
設置されており、且つ、これらの可視光は、鋼片１０の
幅方向に沿う細い帯状の強力な光パターンにて照射する
ようになっている。この青色光源１２及び緑色光源１４
は、例えば、キセノンランプを光源とし、とれに宵色波
長域のみを通すフィルタ、まだは、緑色波長域のみを通
すフィルタを組合せることにより構成されている。なお
、複数の波長域の組合せ及び各光源の具体的構成は、こ
れに限定されない。Each of the blue light sources 12 and the green light sources 14 has a projection angle that is similar to that of the steel piece 1 so that good shadows can be obtained when they are used alone.
It is installed so as to be inclined at an appropriate angle with respect to the normal N to the surface of the steel piece 10, and these visible lights are irradiated in a strong light pattern in the form of a thin strip along the width direction of the steel piece 10. It has become. This blue light source 12 and green light source 14
For example, the light source is a xenon lamp, and is constructed by combining a filter that passes only the evening wavelength range, and a filter that passes only the green wavelength range. Note that the combination of a plurality of wavelength ranges and the specific configuration of each light source are not limited to this.
前記探傷ヘッド１６は、前出第１図に詳細に示した如（
、前記鋼片１０から放射される放射光（赤外光）及び前
記青色光源１２及び緑色光源 １４かもの可視光が鋼片
１０の表面で反射された反射光を共に入射できるよう、
銅片１０表面の法線Ｎ方向に配置されたレンズ１６ａと
、該レンズ１６ａを経た入射光のうち、可視光のみを透
過をイクロイツクミラ−１６ｂを透過した可視光を２分
割するためのハーフミラ−１６ｃ （’： 、Ｕ バー
７ミラー１６ｃを透通した可視光線の青色波長域を反
射し、緑色波長域を透過する第２のダイクロイックミラ
ー１６ｄと、前記第１のダイクロイックミラー１６ｂで
反射された赤外光ＩＲによる像を撮像するための第１の
撮像素子１６ｅと、前記ハーフミラ−１６ｃで反射され
た可視光、即ち、合成反射光Ｇ、Ｂによる像を撮像する
だめの第２の撮像素子１６ｆと、前記第２のダイクロイ
ックミラー１６ｄで反射された光、即ち、青色波長域の
反射光Ｂによる像を撮像するための第３の撮像素子１６
ｇと、前記第２のダイクロイックミラー１６ｄを透過し
た光、即ち、緑色波長域の反射光Ｇによる像を撮像する
だめの第４の撮像素子１６ｈと、前記各撮像素子１６ｅ
〜１６ｈの出力倍力を増幅して出力制御装置１８に出力
するための第１乃至第４の増幅器１６１〜１６！とから
構成されている。The flaw detection head 16 is constructed as shown in detail in FIG.
, so that the synchrotron radiation (infrared light) emitted from the steel piece 10 and the visible light of the blue light source 12 and the green light source 14 reflected on the surface of the steel piece 10 can be incident together.
A lens 16a arranged in the direction of the normal line N to the surface of the copper piece 10, and a half mirror 16c for transmitting only visible light of the incident light that has passed through the lens 16a and dividing the visible light that has passed through the mirror 16b into two parts. (': U bar 7) A second dichroic mirror 16d that reflects the blue wavelength range of visible light that has passed through the mirror 16c and transmits the green wavelength range, and an infrared light reflected by the first dichroic mirror 16b. A first image sensor 16e for capturing an image based on IR light, and a second image sensor 16f for capturing an image based on the visible light reflected by the half mirror 16c, that is, the combined reflected light G and B. , a third image sensor 16 for capturing an image of the light reflected by the second dichroic mirror 16d, that is, the reflected light B in the blue wavelength range.
g, a fourth image sensor 16h for capturing an image of the light transmitted through the second dichroic mirror 16d, that is, the reflected light G in the green wavelength range, and each of the image sensors 16e.
The first to fourth amplifiers 161 to 16 for amplifying the output boost of ~16h and outputting it to the output control device 18! It is composed of.
従って、この探傷ヘッド１６の第１の増幅器１６ｉの出
力Ａは、８片１０かし放射された赤外光ＩＲによる像、
叩、表面温度分布にｉｌｌ邑する伶となっている。又、
第２の増幅器１６ｊのｔｌｌ力Ｂは、青色光源１２かも
照射された青色光及び緑色光源１４かも照射された緑色
光の合成光の鋼片１０での反射光Ｇ、Ｂによる保となっ
ている。更に、第３の増幅器１６にの出力Ｃは、青色ｙ
Ｃ源１２かも照射された青色光の針１片１０での反射光
Ｂによる像となっている。又、第４の」１９幅器１６！
の出力りば、緑色光源１４から照射された緑色光の銅片
１０での反射光Ｇによる像となっている。Therefore, the output A of the first amplifier 16i of this flaw detection head 16 is an image of the infrared light IR emitted from the 8 pieces 10,
It has a unique effect on the surface temperature distribution. or,
The tll power B of the second amplifier 16j is maintained by the reflected lights G and B on the steel piece 10 of the combined light of the blue light irradiated by the blue light source 12 and the green light irradiated by the green light source 14. . Furthermore, the output C to the third amplifier 16 is blue y
The image is formed by the reflected light B of the blue light emitted from the C source 12 on the needle piece 10. Also, the fourth "19 width vessel 16!
The output stage is an image formed by the reflected light G of the green light irradiated from the green light source 14 on the copper piece 10.
従って、これらの信号出力を組合せることによシ、例え
ば、次のようにして、銅片１０の表面欠陥の検出を行な
うことができる。Therefore, by combining these signal outputs, surface defects on the copper piece 10 can be detected, for example, in the following manner.
即ち、割れ疵に対しては、出力Ａと出力Ｉ３を組合せる
。一般に、割れ疵においてＩｒ、Ｉ： 、表面と割れ内
部との放射率の差が比較的大きく、従って、出力Ａに放
射エネルギ分布（見かけの流度分布）が現われる。即ち
、割れ庇部を含む信号は、ｍ２図（Ａ）に示す如（、健
全部に比べて輝度の向い信号を有した状態で現われる。That is, for cracks, output A and output I3 are combined. Generally, in a crack, the difference in emissivity between the surface and the inside of the crack is relatively large, and therefore a radiant energy distribution (apparent flow rate distribution) appears in the output A. That is, the signal including the cracked eaves appears in a state where it has a signal with a higher luminance than the healthy part, as shown in Fig. m2 (A).
又、出力Ｂは、受光軸（（イ・１片１０表面の法線Ｎ）
に対して対称な角度を持った光源１２．１４の鋼片１０
からの反射光であるから、銅片１０の表面の単純な凹凸
部は陰影として現われず、割れ疵の部分に明確々陰影信
号をイ（７ることになる。即ち、第２図（Ｂ）に示す如
（、割れ庇部で輝度の低い信号を与える。よって、出力
制御装置１８を経た出力Ａ、Ｂの信号は、データ処理装
置２２によシ組合せ処理が行なわれ、割九疵に対して感
度の良い検出を行なうことができる。In addition, the output B is the light receiving axis ((A・Normal line N of the surface of 1 piece 10)
A light source 12.14 with a symmetrical angle to the steel piece 10
Since the light is reflected from the surface of the copper piece 10, simple unevenness on the surface of the copper piece 10 does not appear as a shadow, and a shadow signal is clearly shown at the cracked part (Fig. 2(B)). As shown in FIG. This allows for highly sensitive detection.
一方、鋼片１０表面の単純凹凸性欠陥については、前記
結果に加えて、出力Ｃと出力りの組合せで検出する。即
ち、出力Ｃは、青色光源１２の鋼片１０表面での反射光
による像であわ、出力りは、緑色光源１４０鋼片１０表
面での反射光による像である。従って、鋼片１０表面で
の単純凹凸に対して、それぞれの波長の光が互いに干渉
せず、それぞれの波長域内だけの陰影を生せしめ得る。On the other hand, simple unevenness defects on the surface of the steel billet 10 are detected by a combination of the output C and the output power in addition to the above results. That is, the output C is an image of the light reflected from the blue light source 12 on the surface of the steel piece 10, and the output C is an image of the light reflected from the green light source 140 on the surface of the steel piece 10. Therefore, with respect to simple irregularities on the surface of the steel piece 10, light of each wavelength does not interfere with each other, and shadows can be produced only within the respective wavelength ranges.
即ち、出力Ｃには、第３図における凹凸性欠陥１０ａの
陰影部Ｘのみが他に比べ゛〔低い輝度（ｆｔ号を力え、
出力りには、凹凸性欠陥１０ａの１１λ影部ｙの与が他
Ｏ′こ比べて低い輝度信号を与える。従って、第４図（
Ａ）、ＣＢ）に示すよう外信号が得られるから、これら
を組合せることによって、第４図（Ｃ）に示す如く、凹
凸性欠陥に対して感度の良い検出を行なうことができる
。That is, in the output C, only the shaded area X of the uneven defect 10a in FIG.
On the output side, the 11λ shadow part y of the uneven defect 10a gives a lower luminance signal than the others O'. Therefore, Fig. 4 (
Since the external signals shown in A) and CB) are obtained, by combining these, it is possible to detect uneven defects with high sensitivity as shown in FIG. 4(C).
以上説明し７た通υ、本発明によれば、熱間４１′４片
の表面欠陥の９１１口に応じて、多種１ｉ＋ｉ 、多Ｊ
：［ｌ、 Ｊｉ、＼の表面欠陥を、正確に、且つ、感度
良（検出することができるという優れた効果を有する。As explained above, according to the present invention, various types 1i+i, many J
: [l, Ji, \ surface defects can be detected accurately and with good sensitivity (has an excellent effect).
第１図は、本発明に係る熱間ｆ；・ｙ＋）”＋の界面欠
陥検出方法が採用された、連続崎造角・３片の表１７Ｉ
ｉ欠陥検出装置の実施例の構成を示すブロック１図、第
２図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）は、割れ庇部におりる１Ｊ−１力Ａ
、Ｈの信号波形を示す線図、第３し、ｌ （Ａ）、（Ｂ
）ｒ」１、凹凸性欠陥に生じる陰影部を示ず平面図及Ｏ
−断ロ１１図、第４図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、（Ｃ）は、同じ
く凹凸性りぐ陥におりる出力Ｃ，Ｄ、及び、その組合せ
信号波形を示す線図である。
１０・・・連続鋳造鋼片、１０ａ・・・凹凸性欠陥、１
２・・・宵色光源、１４・・・緑色光源、１６・・・探
傷ヘッド、１６ｂ、１６ｄ・・・ダイクロイックミラー
、１６ｃ・・・ハーフミラ−１１６ｅ〜１６ｈ・・・撮
像素子、１８・・・出力制御装置、２２・・・データ処
理装置。
代）ｊｉｊ人 高 矢 記（ほか１名
〕
第１図
第２図
（Ａ）出力Ａ （Ｂ）土カＢ第３図
第４図
輻力岐１FIG. 1 shows Table 17I of three pieces of continuous Sakizou angles in which the hot f;・y+)"+ interface defect detection method according to the present invention is adopted.
i Block diagram 1 and Figures 2 (A) and (B) showing the configuration of an embodiment of the defect detection device show the 1J-1 force A that falls on the cracked eaves.
, H signal waveforms, third
)r”1, plan view and O
- Section 11, FIG. 4 (A), (B), and (C) are diagrams showing the outputs C, D, and their combined signal waveforms, which similarly fall into the uneven groove. 10...Continuously cast steel billet, 10a...Irregularity defect, 1
2... Evening light source, 14... Green light source, 16... Flaw detection head, 16b, 16d... Dichroic mirror, 16c... Half mirror 116e to 16h... Image pickup element, 18... Output control device, 22... data processing device. Figure 1 Figure 2 (A) Output A (B) Earth power B Figure 3 Figure 4 Power output 1
Claims (2)
して、熱間鋼片に対して、熱間鋼片から放射光と相互に
影響を及ぼし合わず、且つ、互いに影響を及はし合うこ
とのない複数の波長域の可視光を照射し、熱間鋼片から
の放射光による像、複数の可視光の熱間鋼片表面からの
合成反射光による像、及び、個々の反射光による像を得
て、これらの像の組合せから熱間鋼片の表面欠陥を検出
するようにしたことを特徴とする熱間鋼片の表面欠陥検
出方法。(1) When optically detecting surface defects on a hot-worked steel billet, the radiation light from the hot-worked steel billet does not interact with the hot-worked steel billet, and does not affect each other. By irradiating visible light in multiple wavelength ranges that do not match, an image is created by the emitted light from the hot steel piece, an image is created by the combined reflected light of multiple visible lights from the surface of the hot steel piece, and an image of the individual reflected lights. 1. A method for detecting surface defects in a hot-worked steel billet, characterized in that images obtained by the above are obtained, and surface defects in the hot-worked steel billet are detected from a combination of these images.
て互いに対称な斜め方向から照射し、合成反射光による
像を熱間鋼片表面の法線方向で得、るようにした特許請
求の範囲第１項に記載の熱間鋼片の表面欠陥検出方法。(2) The plurality of visible lights are irradiated from oblique directions symmetrical to each other with respect to the normal to the surface of the hot-worked copper piece, so that an image of the combined reflected light is obtained in the normal direction to the surface of the hot-worked steel piece. A method for detecting surface defects in a hot steel billet according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16364782A JPS5952735A (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1982-09-20 | Surface flaw detecting method of hot billet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16364782A JPS5952735A (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1982-09-20 | Surface flaw detecting method of hot billet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5952735A true JPS5952735A (en) | 1984-03-27 |
Family
ID=15777915
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP16364782A Pending JPS5952735A (en) | 1982-09-20 | 1982-09-20 | Surface flaw detecting method of hot billet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5952735A (en) |
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| JPS6355445A (en) * | 1986-08-27 | 1988-03-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Appearance inspection system |
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| JP2000283925A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-13 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and device for inspecting surface defect |
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-
1982
- 1982-09-20 JP JP16364782A patent/JPS5952735A/en active Pending
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