JPS5950156A - Sintered forged products and manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a metal sintered article and a method for manufacturing the same, and in particular to the article formed from a specific base metal added to or to which a hardening component is added and the hardening component. and a method for manufacturing articles made of base metals.

It is already known in the prior art to produce tungsten carbide sintered articles with base metals such as nickel or co/curte as the carbide vehicle. Due to the hardness and excellent wear resistance of carbides, such articles can be used as inserts in rock drilling bits, coal picks, etc.)
1] Manufactured for. During the forming process, the nickel or solids vehicle diffuses evenly to coat and bond the carbide particles. However, when the formed article is put into use, the exposed areas of the vehicle (nickel, cobalt, etc.) are easily abraded and the bonded carbon particles are more likely to separate. Binder/vehicle IJ rather than from carbide degradation
Let's move on from retreat.

It has been recognized that steel is not suitable as a carbide vehicle due to its carbon content in techniques practiced in melt equalization or isostatic sintering. Mochiro/1/-Known non-F3
: In the fusion sintering method, it is not reliable to spread the dry powder evenly and coat the carbide particles. This is the current state of thought and reality in this technical field.

One object of this invention is to preform, sinter, and final shape an article so that the article has an overall density of no less than 100%, contrary to art-accepted techniques. However, steel and tungsten carbide or similar hard components [solid, 5ta
te) J (i.e. properly dispersed mixture of steel powder and carbide ladle) processing method 4';? It is to provide.

B. For the purpose of The object of the present invention is to provide an article consisting of a main body.

The sintered metal article is particularly useful as machine parts, tools, rock drilling bits, etc., where hard surface abrasion and strong IyJ properties are not required uniformly throughout the part, tool, etc. Such components typically have a working 677, H or working surface that requires higher hardening or strengthening than the rest of the component.

Particularly effective hardening components, such as tungsten carbide, are very expensive. Therefore, it is not economically viable to disperse such additives in a known and even manner throughout the article.

It is therefore another object of the present invention to provide a relatively inexpensive sintered and forged article having zones of different hardness and a method of manufacturing the same.

Particularly, the present invention is to disclose a sintered forged article consisting of a metal sintered and forged body, having a different area of 1 . comprises a matrix formed from a plurality of IJs consisting of metal powders and particles, and in said main body one, a plurality of 71,
1J soks () has 6 cross sections and 5 stiffness (16 cross sections are formed by the ratio of one of said components to another 1':I□, and the ratio of said (16 cross sections is different from each other) Differences are a problem.

Another object of the invention is to have zones of different hardness 4);
The purpose of the present invention is to disclose a method for manufacturing a sintered and forged article, which method includes the process steps of mixing a plurality of components consisting of metal powder and I'L particles, and placing the mixed components in a lane bar. a step of compressing the mixed components to form a molded mass or preform;
and a step of sintering the molded mass or preform, the mixing step being a step of mixing the first component of i' and a specified amount of the second component to form the first component blend 1. 2J) Forming a two-component blend by mixing the first component in the specified amount and the second component in an amount different from the specified amount in the mixing step. said first process step comprises placing said first component formulation within a first section of said lane bar and placing said second component formulation within said first section of said bar. 2. The method further comprises hot forging the compact or preform to form an article of zero final size and shape having an overall density of 100%. process steps.

Another object of this invention as well as its novel q-adventure (d,
Please refer to the accompanying drawings and related explanations below (/r
This will become clearer with C.

The method of the present invention will be best understood by referring to Figures 9-15. Figure 9 shows the expansion of a mixture of a hard component, such as a tungsten carbide particle cavity 0, and a steel powder reservoir 2. Inuko r: <Indicates IS content. Particles 5Q and powder 2 are thoroughly mixed in a mill or the like, and powder 2 is evenly dispersed, using a method well known in powder metallurgy technology. 2. As is usual in the substrate f, a wax analogue and a suitable organic solvent are also used initially in the mixture to reduce the mixture 1 to a homogeneous Jl.
Fixed to one body. Then, the C1 lump sum is compressed into 41-Preform 1,')+1 (Fig. 10) of the article to be made. This brefuono, C1, should be dry sintered. That is, the sintering should be carried out at a temperature below 1° C. so that the hard q'' component (tungsten carbide) and the steel powder are melted. However, since the wax bond is 1 and the organic solvent is of course gaseous), it becomes 3 and dissipates. Finally, the sintered prephono, '))1d:j is placed inside the molding back (Fig. 11), and J'(V:
Dan, I will be notified.

During sintering, Brefuono, 5+1 has a pension density of approximately 50-90% (14 layers). In the t1 forging of the preform (1), the product ((1) should achieve a final form with a dense history of 1.00%. This ir, i forging causes 51 plane shear deformation of the mass. Figure 12 shows shear-
ζ11 plane 'r 8, and the sap is generated during forging and the preform. Equal force should be applied to all 11111 surfaces of the frame mass. By the way, in terms of standard 7+j, we can calculate the large number of voids in the mass 10 (Figure 1) as t','j:
If the force is applied evenly, the force will not eliminate the void, but will reduce its size, and high pressure will be applied to the void. Therefore, these voids apply stress to the parts of the pusher where they exist. According to the present invention, in the forging of the preform 511, the new deformation of the IL blood vessel 1 subdivides the void) IO (must 1) 1) and the part'
Displace I Oa, II 019. The next forging impact further subdivides the section 'I Ot], 110 L) until finally the void +1 Q and its entire reduced portion no longer exist. Thus, the final formed/forged article ij: 1
Has an overall density of 0.00%.

In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, ground contours are shown in FIGS. Metal sintered article 10&:
j: If the steel powder and tank stainless carbide i1'+' are mixed (Fig. 11), this powder and i'e? , the powder mixture is placed in the receiver 12 and the powder mixture is compressed to form a body or preform, as described above, according to well-known powder metallurgy techniques, and then The latter is produced by dry sintering.

However, (1) the amount of tungsten carbide used is conserved, (2) the latter is effectively disposed within the article preform, and (')) the article 10 is :1. Uniquely in hardening or toughening, the present invention teaches the preparation of different powder and particle formulations.

Article ``O'', that is, the ground cutter bit, has a working surface 1G (
It has a very unique effect. Therefore, I'1 river! 'Ill; l ll is formed with a particularly carbide-enriched formulation Jl, a). 4. Item 10 is the zone of depression, i.e. action'): l, ', l 11
l, , l, l, Nazuro zone A, intermediate zone B,
Non-Kakuda bias; trench/ko C1, zone C which is the bonding end]
The person who does it will be seen as the target. In accordance with the method of the present invention, an article 10 is formed from a first powder/particle blend consisting of 85% tungsten carbide particles and 15% copper powder particles in Zone A IIC. y,
-JI".Apply 1 block of 55% tungsten carbide and 1 block of 1.15% tungsten carbide to zone B.

”00%<l'1ili: Powder is applied to zone C.

j ratio, (("Attara: jtro" dl, such a powder and (\l, child': 1] is powder 11'! Child 1 formulation is for each zone, receiver ~ 12 yo・）na, shi/- is used to tell the bar to be arrogant.

Moreover, due to the preforming pressure Kr6 and dry sintering of the article 10 to be formed, the zone division portion becomes a smooth transition portion.

At the interface between zone A and zone B, after sintering, actually,
The composition of 70% tungsten carbide and 50% steel is 14
), and at the interface of zones B and C, the resulting composition would be 70 or 75% steel and 50 or 35% tungsten carbide. In any case, powder formulation 1 will be found in the receiver at cross-sections A-8, B-13 and CC. However, no clear compositional gradient is formed in the axial direction in the article 10, and therefore the article 10 has a hard
"Weak points" have not been formed. Rather, it is hardened substantially evenly and progressively across the working end. After dry sintering, according to the method of the present invention, one preform 10 is approximately 1800 to 2
/1'11 of 000'7-" (982-1095℃)
The article 10 is hot forged once and at a pressure of approximately 10 to 701 cm per square inch to conform the article 10 to its final size and shape.

Thus, the article 10 constituting the ground cutter pit has a cutting insert 1g received and held in the transverse groove 20. A swarf cleaning hole 22 is arranged in close proximity to the insert 18 to more effectively extract swarf from the working surface 16.

The subject matter of the article 10 is defined in the form of a hexagon, whose walls extending in close proximity to the insert provide extraordinary strength for the protection of the insert 18. This is due to the tungsten carbide enrichment of zone A (as well as that of intermediate zone B)
In addition, the working surface 16 is made wear resistant and the insert 18
securely hold.

In one implementation of the method of the invention, the article 10 is provided in said groove 2.
0 is preformed so that, after sintering, insert 1g can be installed. The article may then be forged to more securely capture the insert 18. With the method of the present invention, the hard metal carbide insert 18, such as tungsten carbide, does not need to have the typical prior art depth for insertion into the body of the article. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, insert IF3 has a width of approximately 56+IIN+, but in order to nest the insert in miso 20, its lateral dimension only needs to be approximately 12 widths.

The carbide enrichment of Zone A and the forging of article 10 with the insert in place eliminates the need for more expensive, deeper insertion of the insert.

Alternatively, article 10 may be formed with a cutting element or protrusion, such as insert 18, integrally molded as part of its body. In this case, zone A constitutes a protruding area in the shaped receiver into which the powder/particle mixture of zone A moves. The mixture may then consist of 95% tungsten carbide particles and 5% steel powder, or it may be entirely tungsten carbide.

To define a recess (for a ground cutter insert, etc.) in the article 10, a receiver 12 is inserted as shown in FIG.
All you have to do is insert an obstacle inside.

Here, the obstruction is a tungsten carbide button 18a for a ground cutter. Typically, sintering causes shrinkage of the main material, so the degree of protrusion of the obstruction must be predetermined to take into account the expected shrinkage. Resino-12 has its own zones A, B and C in front, into which the tungsten carbide particles and steel powder are charged, and then the ram 214 (i or equivalent) is used. The powder mixture is compressed to form a preform, which is then forged.

Figure 5.6 shows the article 10a with an insert 18a secured within the nose. As with article 10, the metal zone surrounding and embedded in insert 18a is a copper powder matrix strongly enriched with tungsten carbide particles. Again, this situation, together with the subsequent forging of the article preform, will reduce the height of the insert (18a) to approximately 4
It is required that only 0% or less be inserted into the working surface 16a.

To further teach how to save on the use of expensive Tandaten carbide, Figure 7.8 shows a 1 GB insert.
It is shown. This insert embodiment also represents an improved base configuration that serves the purpose of securely inserting the insert into a single article.

Base 26 is Q here, 125 inches (32 inches)
The insert is shown as having a depth of 18
All that should be set into the aperture to hold the b in place. The base 26 has a bottom enlarged taper, which contributes to lock-in of the insert. greater than 0
The 175 inch (4,utan) working projection is fully exposed for useful work.

FIG. 8 shows that a peripheral waveform 2g is formed on the insert 26. The outside of the waveform 2g indicated by the wavy outline is
The amount of tungsten carbide saved by not making the base completely circular, as is common in the prior art. The vertically extending rounded lips between the corrugations 28 provide sufficient strength to the insert 18b, and the 15-20% of tungsten carbide traditionally consumed to form the insert is likely not needed.

Although the invention has been described with respect to particular embodiments and methods of carrying out, this is to be considered by way of example only;
It is to be clearly understood that nothing is intended as a limitation on the scope of the invention beyond its purpose and scope. For example, based on the present disclosure, it would be envisioned that a variety of hardened ground canterbits similar to tungsten carbide buttons 18a could be formed. Such throats are so close that the outermost zone has only 5 strata of 10% tungsten carbide particles and 90% steel powder, perhaps 95%.
A central zone of tungsten carbide particles and 5% steel powder, an adjacent zone of maybe 90% tungsten carbide particles and 10% steel powder, and a next zone of maybe go% tungsten carbide particles and 20% steel powder. It can be preformed and forged with a similar shape. This teaching is clearly
Zone I 1 Reshape shaft, straddle bearing race, bearing roller, straddle tool surface (i.e.
(a) moil point (moj, l
Poinshi) The (t)l mining machine will be employed to form the pink tip or front end of the rock.

The application to which the teachings of the present invention are applied is the above-mentioned theory 1! All implementations of the novel methods of the present invention and fabrication of articles of the nature or form and purpose defined in accordance with this disclosure are within the scope of the teachings of the present invention. KatsuQ'! J'j'FAI'l is considered to be constituted by the range of the search.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a ground cutter bit as a metal sintered article according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a 1-side view of '71h as seen from the right side 1 of the article in FIG. FIG. 5 is a top view of the article of FIG. 1.2. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preliminary blend of ingredients forming the general form of the article to be molded. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a button-shaped ground cag according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a side view of the ground cutter shown in Figure 5. FIG. 7 is a side view of a button-shaped bit according to the fIJ2 embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a mixture of tungsten carbide particles and steel powder. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a particle/powder molded preform. FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of the preform of FIG. 10 in a forging die. FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of a forged preform undergoing planar shear deformation. FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration showing the presence of voids within a section of the preform. FIG. 111 is a schematic diagram illustrating the gradual removal of specific voids due to shear deformation of the preform where voids are present during forging. 10--one sintered compact article, 12--lenver, 111--one working end, 16--one working surface, 18--one insert, 20--
One groove, 22-all shavings, 21+--ram, 26-
-Base, 28-1 corrugated, 7Q-1 tungsten carbide particles, 2-1 copper powder, 54-1 preform, 6-
- Forging die, 38- one shear plane, 40- one void.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A sintered/hot-forged article having zones of different hardness, comprising: a metal sintered/forged body: the body is made of a plurality of components consisting of metal powders and particles integrally dimensioned or homogeneous; (consisting of a matrix formed; in a first ratio of one of the components of the main body of the OiJ book to another thereof); and a second matrix cross-section formed in a second ratio of and to said side components. i) One of the i+ acid components is made of a hardening component and the other is made of steel. 2 Said (1st history's scolding father (Special made of encrusted metal carbide) j'F, jl'l seeking・tri> l!rl 1st.''
1. Articles described in item 1. '4'jl' tj where the curing component consists of an oxide
'l, jl "1 The article described in item 1.
. 1, wherein the matrix cross-section is formed by the ratio of one of the components to another (1, 1, 1), and each of the ratios of the cross-section is different from the others; ,'(Claim f(・1′・Enclosure a"). The article according to paragraph 1. '4-1l-7F, including metal insert tunnels, etc., where the insert has a maximum width of the specified dimensions and the four parts have a depth not greater than approximately % of the specified dimensions.
The article described in item 1 of the scope of the request. 6. said body has a working surface, and a hard metal formation J extends outwardly from said working surface, and said formation is made of earth, rock, coal and/or similar materials, minerals and ores. The article according to claim 1. 7. The article according to claim 6''↓'J, wherein the +'+iJ shaped JJy object is an integral part of the 1m shaped body matrix. and the amount t11 of the formed object being held by the main body.
7. The article according to claim 6, wherein the range of interest is 1. 9]'+iJki insert! 1! J) Where the insert described in IS is approximately half of the specified height dimension, 1: Rimo dog ki nai - j method on the main body. 9. ! 1.4'
1. Article according to claim 8J1'1. 10r't'f 1iselfinzu゛-1・ga-! 7;5i
K erase the base and the nose part adjacent to it.
L, +”+'tJ M16: Only the base is I)'
11 The main body is held, and the base is 1) the maximum 4" spaced from the nose part of item 1""4judiciary"... and 1) coincident with the nose part of item 11 and 7 and Its starting part is defined by a minimum deviation of 4'jti, a taper month with J' method: 27. It is formed with i 1) Tokoro no special +! 'I'+N'j's request/completed) 8th "l'+
1: t il, M article. ]1 The depth of said base is approximately 0.125 inches ('5.
(7) 'l'j'F,:l'. Articles described in item 10 of the scope of demand. 12. Where the insert has a specific height dimension and the base has a height not larger than approximately 110% of the dimension! 1. +1'1. '1,11°
Articles described in Item 10 of the Scope of Claims J. 1. The inserter 1. One end of the V core base and the nose portion adjacent thereto. 2. The range of q11' + i'F jl'l where the base has a waveform periphery 8th"↓' Articles listed in J. ], +1 Areas of different hardness? A method of manufacturing a blue article having a sintering process comprising: mixing a plurality of components consisting of a metal powder and a metal powder; placing the mixed components into a bar; Step J'1'; Compressing the mixed components to form a molded body/preform; Step J': Sintering the molded mass or preform; Stage Jj, j; The mixing process step is specified. mixing an amount of a first component and a specified amount of a second component to form a first component blend; said mixing process step also comprises mixing said specified amount of said first component and said The step of placing the first component into the receiver comprises mixing with an amount of the second component different from the specified amount to form a second component blend. and placing said second component formulation into a second region of said receiver; hot forging said compact or preform to a
% overall density of the article in its final form and dimensions. 15. The method of claim 11I, wherein said mixing step comprises gel mixing the steel powder and hard metal carbide particles. 16. Claims 1++ J in which the mixing process step consists of mixing steel powder and oxide
The method described in JJ. 17. said mixing step comprises mixing a smaller amount of steel powder and a larger amount of hardening component particles to form one of said first and second component blends; Claim 1)4 further comprising mixing a larger amount of steel powder and a smaller amount of said hardening component particles to form the other of said first and second component blends. Method described. 18. further comprising the step of disposing a receiver having a cavity formed to receive the mixed ingredients and an obstruction projecting into the area of the cavity, the disposing process step disposing the first component formulation in the (1) disposing within the receiver in the area from which the pest protrudes; and disposing the second component formulation within the receiver in juxtaposition with the first component formulation. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein said obstruction is formed as a recess in said compact or preform. 19 The step of disposing the lane bar includes disposing a receiver having an elongated obstruction extending across the receiver and projecting into the area to thereby form a miso in the molded body or preform. 19. A method according to claim 18, which comprises providing. 20. said receiver disposing step comprises disposing a receiver having a dowel-like obstruction projecting into said area to form a substantially cylindrical recess in said compact or preform; 19. The method according to claim 18. 21. The lenno-positioning process step consists of mounting a hard metal insert in the mold/bar as the obstruction, so that the insert is firmly held in the molded body or preform. The method according to item 18, wherein the range of the characteristic B'V 1ii'+ is obtained as follows. 22. The step of arranging the lane bar comprises mounting a tapered but substantially cylindrical hard metal insert in the lane bar as the dowel-like obstruction, such that the insert is in contact with the molding. 21. A method according to claim 20, wherein the material is firmly held in a body or preform. 2. The insert installation process step results in the insertion of the insert into the molded mass or preform to a depth no greater than approximately 0.125 inches (52 questions) into the area. 23. The method of claim 22, comprising mounting the insert in a protruding manner. 211 Metal body formed by powder metallurgy techniques and hot forging: said body consists of a needle and a hardening component; said body has 10
Have an overall density not less than 0%. A method for producing a metal article having an overall density not less than 100%, comprising mixing a plurality of components consisting of steel powder and a hardening component. Zuro process stage. Step 1: Compressing the mixed components to form a compact or preform; Dry sintering the compact or symform Step 1': Hot forging the compact or preform to 100% overall density. A method as described above, characterized in that it consists of: a stone processing step without forming an article with a final shape and dimensions. 26. The method of claim 1, '11.1', wherein the mixing step comprises mixing L1 steel powder and tungsten carbide. 27 In the hot forging step, the molded body or preform is heated to 1800 to 2000F (982 to 1095
℃) within the range of 2111?1 degrees and 4 per square inch
25. The method according to claim 25, which comprises forging at a forging pressure in the range of 0 to 70 tons.