JPS5950087A - Livestock excrements treatment and device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a livestock manure processing method and apparatus for producing a product fertilizer by using quicklime and nitric acid from livestock manure and utilizing the heat generated by the chemical reaction between the two.

Approximately 10,000 chickens produce one ton of droppings every day, from large poultry farms (1 million chickens) to small poultry farms (several thousand chickens).
Disposal of this feces is an important concern from both business and environmental perspectives.

Generally, this process involved drying the manure over heat and selling it to the fertilizer industry as dried chicken manure, but it became unprofitable due to the soaring oil prices, so an alternative process was to add a fermentation accelerator and sell it to the fertilizer industry. At present, it is treated in a variety of ways, including fermentation and composting, discharging it as purified water using an activated sludge method, and adding inorganic chemicals to stop fermentation and turning it into fertilizer in a semi-dry state. Furthermore, the situation with regard to cows, pigs, etc. is exactly the same as that with chickens. Various treatment methods have been proposed, but many other unresolved issues remain, such as issues regarding site availability, treatment tables, labor costs, and the quality and price of fertilizer products.

The method and device for treating livestock manure according to the present invention uses quicklime and nitric acid, which are inorganic chemicals that are easily available anytime and anywhere, and whose price is in balance with income as a product fertilizer. By utilizing this amount of heat, the amount of heat required for drying is reduced as much as possible by allowing the dung to almost completely absorb it, thereby producing high-quality fertilizer.

To explain the treatment method according to the present invention, quicklime and nitric acid are used because they are easily available and relatively inexpensive, and their addition improves the value as a fertilizer. The heat of chemical reaction between these two is used to release the water contained in the feces.

CaO+2H20=Ca (OHl 2 +H20+
15.6000 calCa(OH12+2HNO,
=Ca(No312+2H,,O+50.600ca/
Ca (No. 312, commonly known as Norwegian lime) produced as above prevents soil acidification because lime is applied at the same time as nitrogen, and is commercially available on its own as a fast-acting fertilizer. The method of treating livestock manure according to the present invention is to produce high-quality fertilizer mixed with slow-release livestock manure while using as little energy as possible.

To explain the processing apparatus for carrying out the above processing method according to the present invention, a specified amount of CaO is added to continuously fed excrement, and after sufficiently kneading, HNO3 is added. Although it is possible to mix in the reverse order, it is difficult to completely absorb the heat of reaction generated into the feces.

That is, HNO has a strong oxidizing action, and when it comes into contact with feces, it immediately reacts with the feces and at the same time generates irritating gas of NOx, which hinders the desired reaction. Therefore, the problem can be solved by lowering the concentration of HNO3 or adding something like gravel that does not react with HNO3, but when producing low-moisture fertilizer, it is necessary to dilute it with water or remove foreign substances. It is not preferable to mix them. Therefore, according to the processing device according to the present invention, these drawbacks can be solved,
In order to completely absorb the generated reaction heat and gas into the feces, the feces are continuously pressurized from the bottom into a reaction cylinder or can equipped with a partially chambered stirrer, and a corresponding specified amount of quicklime C is added.
AO and nitric acid HNO3 are sequentially and continuously supplied into the can to cause a reaction within the can, and the reaction heat and accompanying gas are completely absorbed into the feces. Furthermore, it is possible to produce a low-moisture fertilizer by drying fertilizers whose moisture content is insufficiently released by chemical reaction heat alone by mechanical contact with a large amount of outside air.

Hereinafter, the processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The livestock excrement processing apparatus according to the present invention is equipped with a pressure pump 1, that is, a pressure feeding device that presses out the feces filled in a cylinder using hydraulic pressure. The reason why ξ Eve 18 was connected to the bottom of the device was to absorb the generated heat and the accompanying irritating NOx gas without leaking out of the device, and the top of the reaction part was always sealed with feces. This is because it is preferable to leave it in this state. For this purpose, the supply of feces to the device is also forced into the bottom of the device. During operation, the oil pressure of the hydraulic pump 1a is always maintained at an arbitrarily set oil pressure using the pressure reducing valve 15. The illustration shows the moment when the hydraulic pump 14 completes one cycle. By switching the solenoid valves 16 and 17, the rod of the valve opening/closing hydraulic cylinder 11 moves back and forth. The tip of the excrement cylinder 16 is made to act as a valve seat by crimping the valve at the tip of the rod, and when the rod moves forward, the cylinder 1
During one time period of A timer, the solenoid valve 17 is switched and the rod of the pressure-feeding cylinder 12 moves forward, and the waste is forced into the bottom of the reactor through the pipe 18. . During the B timer's one-time period, the solenoid valve 16 is switched and the rod is returned to its original position, and the feces in the hopper are sucked into the cylinder 13.Even if the suction is insufficient, the rod 11
Pushed in when moving forward. During the C timer's one-time period, the solenoid valves 16 and 17 are operated repeatedly during the C-timer's one-time period.

A quicklime feeder 3 and a nitric acid feeder 2 are installed, and the feeders 2 and 3 are each controlled by rotation of drive transmissions 21 and 31, and both are equipped with a speed reducer with a continuously variable transmission. Regarding the supply of nitric acid, since nitric acid is a liquid, it can be pressurized with a plunger type pump. Regarding the supply of quicklime, since the quicklime is fine powder, the feed screw 32
The inlet of the reactor is constructed without blades and is compressed and sealed with quicklime itself to prevent the inflow of excrement.

As shown in the figure, the reactor 4 has a vertical cylinder body 41 with stirring blades.
and a horizontal stirring conveyance cylinder 44.

In order to prevent the press-fitted quicklime and nitric acid from reacting individually with the excrement as much as possible, the excrement is press-fitted from the center bottom of the cylinder 1, and the quicklime and nitric acid are introduced from the lower side wall of the cylinder 4. First, these are stirred by the centrifugal blades 46, then by the centripetal blades 42, these stirrings are repeated, and the pressure of the excrement from the hydraulic pump is used to sequentially transport them to the upper part, where they are reacted from the beginning. The cylindrical body 41 is designed to have a height sufficient to completely absorb the generated gas into the excrement, and the cylindrical body 44 evaporates moisture by generating heat. Inside the cylindrical body 44, two shafts 45 with scrapers at arbitrary angles necessary for conveyance are rotated in reverse by gear transmission, and are conveyed while kneading to complete the dispersion of moisture and reaction action. Ru. In the cylindrical body 44, a water level holding plate 46 is provided on the discharge hole side so that crosstalk is always performed at a predetermined water level, and the product overflows from this plate 46.

In the reactor 4, heat is absorbed, the reaction is completed, and the product Ca
(After sufficient crosstalk between NO, +2 and feces, etc., a moisture dissipating cylinder 5 is installed to promote moisture dissipation there. Scraping blades 51 are attached to the two rotating shafts. Cylindrical body 44
The product falls from the cylinder, is scraped up by the blades, is caught between the blades that are rotating in reverse, collides, and is brittle and evacuated, with most of the product being conveyed into the cylinder in a floating state. On the other hand, the exhaust fan 57
Since the outside air is sucked in through the cylinder 44 in a countercurrent direction to this flow, the product with an expanded surface area for moisture dissipation comes into sufficient contact with the air, wicks moisture, and is finely crushed. is carried out, and is taken out of the apparatus through a discharge valve 56 that shuts off outside air.

Experience has shown that in the case of manure with a moisture content of less than 70%, the treatment of this device will reduce the moisture content to 4% when marketed as fertilizer.
A value of 5% is preferable, and moisture is not released depending only on the heat of chemical reaction, but moisture is entrained in the air through complete surface contact with a large amount of outside air, and it becomes a product as it is, but in the case of high-moisture feces, A hot air generating furnace 52 installed at the bottom of the cylindrical body 5 is ignited to supply the insufficient heat. The furnace 52 is a combustion chamber made of refractory material, and the complete combustion gas generated here is diluted with a large amount of air sucked in through the outside air intake port 54.

The exhaust gas from the exhaust conditioner 57 is accompanied by water vapor and a bad odor, which is a problem when treating excrement, but with this device, the odor generated by the contact between high-temperature gas and excrement, as in the case of thermal drying, is extremely small.

Next, the amount of heat required for the treatment according to the present invention and the amount of heat required for the treatment by conventional thermal drying will be compared.

1. In the case of the treatment according to the present invention, 11000jc of chicken manure with a moisture content of 70g is mixed with 1ocucg of quicklime.
and treated with 225% to 9% nitric acid at a concentration of 98%. Product fertilizers treated in this way do not have to worry about secondary fermentation, so the moisture content of the product is sufficient at 45%, so the moisture content is calculated as 45%.

Anhydride: 1000xO, 3=300 C1cFl)C
ab: 100 (g) HNO3:
225X0.98=220.5 (#1 total
620.5 (IC91 moisture 45 cm Motsuba water 5 [17.7k17, anhydrous 620.5kg, 1
．． It is limited to 1287cg.

Required evaporation water is 700-507 = 193 <Icy + required heat amount Required heat amount for water evaporation 550 x 193 = 106150 (kea
J+ The amount of heat absorbed by the filling, 9X (1000 + 100 + 2251X (80-20
)=71550 (kca/1 Total 177.700 kca/ Generated heat amount Cao+2HNO5”Ca (No 5)
20H20+66.4 kc aj? 66.4X(1
00,0[][]+225.0001/(56126
)=118.57D1cca/deficit calorie 177.7
00-118.570=59.130kca159,1
30 kca/ is equivalent to approximately 61 in terms of heavy oil.

2. In the case of thermal drying treatment In this case, there is a risk of secondary fermentation, so calculations are made assuming that chicken manure is dried to a commercially available moisture content of 12%.

There are 300 kg of anhydrous in 1000 kg of chicken manure with 70% moisture content.
It is. The one with 12% moisture content is 41 kg of water and 30 kg of anhydride.
At 0109, it only weighs 341kg.

The required water dissipation is 700-41 = 659 (#).

Moisture is completely released by giving more heat than other parts, and for this purpose, the outlet temperature of the hot air generating furnace is 300℃, and the outlet temperature of the dryer is 120℃.
℃, Product temperature: 80°C, Outside air and feces temperature: 20"C when using a ventilation dryer.

Heat required for water evaporation 1i (594+120x0.44-20x
659=415.061 kcal! Required heat amount for heating anhydride 0.5X300X (80-20+
=5400 kcal! Required heat amount for heating the contained water lX700X (80-201=4
2000 kea/ Required heat amount for heating diluted air (41!1.01!Si+54
00+420001÷(0,24X(300-1201
)
=787,900 (keal!+787.90
0 kcal! is about 80 in terms of heavy oil! corresponds to

As described above, if livestock manure is treated using the treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention, heavy oil and the like can be greatly saved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a livestock manure processing apparatus according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along 5 is a sectional view taken along line a in the figure, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line d in FIG.
- Pressure feeding device 2... Nitric acid feeder 6... Quicklime feeder 4... Reactor 5... Moisture release cylinder 42.43, 45.51... Stirring blade 41... Vertical type Cylinder 44...Horizontal cylinder 52
...Hot air generator agent Patent attorney 1) Parent Male Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 5

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A step of pressurizing excrement into a sealed cylinder from the bottom, a step of putting a predetermined amount of quicklime into the cylinder and causing a mixing reaction, and then a step of putting a predetermined amount of nitric acid into the cylinder and causing a mixing reaction. A method for treating livestock manure, comprising the steps of: completely absorbing the generated reaction heat and gas into the manure; and further drying the manure by mechanically contacting it with a large amount of outside air. (2) A reaction device comprising a vertical cylinder equipped with a stirring blade and a horizontal cylinder connected to the cylinder and equipped with a stirring blade, the reaction device being connected to the bottom of the vertical cylinder. Further, a pressure feeding device for pressurizing excrement into the cylinder, a quicklime feeder and a nitric acid feeder connected to the wall of the vertical cylinder are provided, and a feeder is further provided downstream of the horizontal cylinder. A livestock excrement processing apparatus characterized in that a moisture dissipating cylinder is provided with stirring blades, and a hot air generating furnace is provided in the moisture dissipating cylinder.