JPS5949507B2 - solar heat absorption method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solar heat absorption method that efficiently converts sunlight into heat.

Recently, due to the energy shortage situation, research into the effective use of solar energy has been carried out in various places, and development of solar light concentrating systems, efficient heat collecting devices, heat storage tanks, etc. is progressing.

Conventional heat collecting devices have a flat plate or cylindrical shape with a black color tone, and have a light heat conversion efficiency of about 50%.

The present invention dramatically improves conventional efficiency.

That is, the present invention allows sunlight to be received at one open end of a group of hollow fibers that are focused and whose ends are aligned, and the gaps between the hollow fibers and/or the hollow fibers that reach the other closed end of the group of hollow fibers are focused. This solar heat absorption method is characterized in that solar heat is absorbed by a heat medium placed in the surrounding area.

Light received from the substantially planar open end of the hollow fiber group is introduced into the hollow portion of the hollow fiber and subsequently impinges on the hollow fiber wall.

Some of it is absorbed by the walls as heat, and some of it is reflected.

Because the hollow fiber is extremely long and thin, the reflected light does not project outside the hollow fiber, but hits the hollow fiber wall again, where part of it is absorbed and part of it is reflected.

The reflected light then hits the wall and repeats the same phenomenon without jumping out of the hollow fiber, and finally,
The source of the received light is completely converted into heat.

A heating medium is interposed in the gap between the hollow fibers, and heat converted from light is efficiently transferred to the heating medium through the hollow fiber walls and stored as heat.

This high efficiency is expected because the hollow fiber group of the present invention has a similar mechanism to a heat exchanger. The rate at which the converted heat escapes to the outside through conduction, convection, and radiation is extremely small.

Furthermore, even if it is a flat plate, heat is similarly dissipated to the outside much less than an absorbing surface having a structure in which countless acicular or fibrous protrusions protrude from its surface.

In the present invention, the hollow fiber that receives sunlight is made of a spinnable organic polymer material or an inorganic material such as glass or metal.

A typical apparatus used to carry out the method of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

In the side sectional view of the device of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and the plan view shown in FIG. Close frame 4
It is stuffed at the bottom.

3 is a gap formed between the hollow fibers, this gap and its surroundings are filled with a heat storage medium, and the heat storage medium is guided into the frame from one side of the frame 4 (in the direction of the arrow); It passes through the gap between the hollow fiber bundles and is sent out of the frame.

The heat storage medium guided around the hollow fibers 1 is water, non-volatile organic fluids or gases may also be used.

When sunlight is irradiated onto the open end of the hollow fiber bundle, it is originally absorbed by the hollow fiber wall 1 through the hollow portion 2 and transmitted to the heat storage medium 3.

A holder 5 in which the open end of the hollow fiber bundle is fixed with adhesive holds the hollow fiber bundle within the frame and prevents leakage of the heat storage medium.

The holder 5 may be a plate-like body with a hole in which the hollow fiber is inserted (or the holder may be formed by fixing the ends of the hollow fibers with resin in a condensed adhesive manner).

Next, other application examples of the apparatus used to implement the present invention will be described.

In FIG. 3, the hollow fibers 1 are cylindrical bodies with a circular cross section as shown in FIG.
are unfolded and tightly adhered to each other without any gaps and fixed to the circumferential side of the frame 4 with an adhesive or the like.The other end is closed and packed so as to be at the bottom of the frame 4.

The open end surface of the hollow fiber in the upper part of FIG. 3 is the light-facing surface that receives sunlight, and the lower closed end is the back-light surface.

FIG. 4 shows a light-facing surface in which the open ends of the hollow fibers are unfolded and closely adhered to each other to form a honeycomb shape.

The heat storage medium 3 is guided from one side of the frame 4, passes through the gap between the hollow fiber bundles, and is sent out of the frame.

Similar to the above device, when the light facing surface is irradiated with sunlight, the light passes through the hollow portion 2, is absorbed by the hollow fiber wall 1, and is transmitted to the heat storage medium 3.

Even if the light that enters from the light facing surface and enters the hollow portion 2 is reflected or scattered by the hollow fiber wall 1, it is absorbed by the other hollow fiber walls, so it almost never escapes from the hollow fiber hollow portion. All will be absorbed by the hollow fiber walls and converted into heat.

In the case of a conventional flat plate type or cylindrical type, the light that is once reflected or scattered on the absorber surface is not absorbed, but is emitted to the atmosphere again and is not converted into heat.

In a representative example of the present invention, when a plate-shaped body with a hole in the open end surface of the hollow fiber is used as a holder for the light facing surface, considering the reflection from a part of the holder, the ends 6 of the hollow fibers are expanded and bonded to each other. The absorption efficiency is even better with the open end configured as follows.

The hollow fiber applied to the present invention has a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 5, and preferably has an outer diameter of 5u or less.

When the temperature is 5u or more, air convection occurs in the hollow portion, and the converted heat is dissipated into the atmosphere.

Further, it is preferable that the length of the hollow fiber is at least No times the inner diameter of the hollow fiber, and if it is less than 10 times, the light that has entered the inside of the hollow fiber will be reflected and go out of the system, reducing the absorption efficiency.

If the hollow fibers are made of a material with a melting point, in order to tightly bond the open ends of the hollow fibers 1 at the edges of the hollow fibers, that is, at the light-facing surfaces, the hollow fibers are bundled and one end is bonded with adhesive. blockade,
If only one zone in the longitudinal direction of the hollow fiber is heated to a temperature above the melting point, and the pressure is increased with air or other gas from the other end, only the hollow fiber portion will swell and the walls of adjacent hollow fibers will become tightly packed together. be fused to.

Then, by cutting the fused portion in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis, a hollow fiber bundle with an open end showing the light-facing surface as shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained.

In addition, if the hollow fibers are made of a substance that does not have a melting point, the closed end of the hollow fiber bundle is immersed in a solvent that can swell the hollow fibers instead of the heating zone, and then the pressure is reduced, etc. A hollow fiber bundle with open ends can be obtained by this method.

Using the present invention, sunlight can be converted into heat with very high efficiency, and examples of its application include the following, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

For general household use, if used for water heaters and bath heaters,
Even in the winter, high-temperature water can be obtained from solar heat, and it is very inexpensive, so it is expected to become popular in the future.

The present invention can also be used for air conditioning in buildings, that is, for heating, cooling, and temperature control.

The development of solar heat collectors is currently gaining attention, as is the development of refrigeration equipment that converts hot water into cold water, as well as the use of solar heat for air conditioning.

The present invention can dramatically change the field of heat collecting devices.

Next, when growing animals and plants in the agricultural field, especially animals and plants living in the summer or the tropics, in the winter, warm water is required. be used effectively.

For example, eel and stinging turtle farming.

Next, solar thermal power generation requires high-order energy, but sunlight is collected in one place using a concentrator, the energy is exchanged, and this heat is used to generate high-pressure power. In this method, the method of the present invention effectively converts high-density light into heat, and plays a major role in efficiently implementing solar thermal power generation.

Materials for the hollow fibers of the present invention include spinnable organic polymer materials;
Examples include inorganic materials and metals.

Typical examples of polymeric materials include polyester, polyamide, and regenerated cellulose.

Typical examples of inorganic substances include various glasses.

Typical examples of metals include iron, copper, and aluminum.

The hollow fibers are preferably black in color; however, in the case of hollow fibers made of organic polymer materials, the hollow fibers are preferably dyed with a black dye, or a black pigment is added to the hollow fibers during the polymer manufacturing process. A black-colored hollow fiber can be obtained by adding it up to the process and then molding it into a hollow shape.

In addition, in the case of hollow fibers made of metal or inorganic materials, the method is to pour black paint from one end of the hollow fiber or a bundle of hollow fibers, pull out the paint from the other end, and apply black paint to the hollow fiber wall. This is an example.

By using the present invention, solar energy can be converted into thermal energy without waste, and its significance is significant.

Below: Examples will be given and explained.

Example 1 Melt-spun ho+)ester hollow fibers containing a black pigment (carbon black) having an outer diameter of 300 microns and an inner diameter of 250 microns were cut into a length of 50 crIL and bundled into a square shape with a side of 1 m.

One end was immersed in silicone adhesive and sealed.

After soaking the other end in the same adhesive and drying and sealing, cut only the sealed part in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis, so that the ends of the hollow fiber are
The structure is held open with adhesive.

Approximately 10 CIrL from the blocked end was immersed in a benzyl alcohol bath at 90°C, and a nitrogen pressure of 1 Kti/crA was applied from the open end to bring about 10 crrL from the blocked end into close contact with the hollow fibers.

Thereafter, the bonded portion was cut in a direction perpendicular to the fiber axis, resulting in a structure in which the hollow fibers were in close contact with each other, as shown in FIG.

Next, the open end was sealed again with adhesive.

The shape at this stage is bundle cross section lm x 1m, height 'I
QcIfL had a structure with one end shaped like a honeycomb and the other end sealed off, as shown in Figure 4.

This structure is surrounded by heat insulating material, has an open top surface, and has an internal volume of 1 m x 177 L x 10 (l
It was filled into a 177L container, and the top was covered with glass.

This container has an inlet and an outlet, both of which have a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter of 2 cIIL.

Water was introduced from the inlet to fill the gaps between the hollow fibers, and then the inlet and outlet were closed.

This container also has a pressure relief hole for the LCD at the top.

□ The enclosed water had a volume of 50 Ai'.

When this water-filled device was exposed to sunlight for about 8 hours from morning to evening on a sunny day in March on a rooftop, hot water of 95°C was obtained.

When the efficiency was calculated, it was 5800 Kcall/crA
The amount of solar heat irradiation was 85%.

Example 2 Air was introduced from the inlet into the apparatus of Example 1 before water was sealed at a flow rate of 50~/Hr, and was taken out from the outlet.

□ The device was placed on the roof during the day in March, on a sunny day, and the temperature of the inlet air was 20℃, and the temperature of the outlet air was 40℃.
The temperature was raised to ℃.

The efficiency was approximately 80% when the solar irradiation heat was 620 Kcal/Hr.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of an apparatus used to carry out the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a side sectional view showing an example of application of the apparatus, and Fig. 4. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view of the device shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the hollow fiber. 1...Hollow fiber, 2...Hollow portion of hollow fiber, 3...Heat storage medium filled in the gap between adjacent hollow fibers, 4...Absorption device frame, 5... holder, 6... adhesive part of the open ends of the hollow fibers.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The sunlight is focused and received at one open end of the hollow fiber group, and is interposed in the gap between the hollow fibers and/or around the hollow fibers leading to the other closed end of the hollow fiber group. A solar heat absorption method characterized by causing a heat medium to absorb solar heat. 2. The method for absorbing solar heat according to claim 1, wherein the hollow fibers are brought into close contact with each other at the open ends of the single fibers with substantially aligned planes. 3. The method for absorbing solar heat according to claim 1, wherein the hollow fiber group is closed in the form of a bag for each single fiber at the other closed end. 4. Claim 1: A heat collection chamber and a heat medium chamber are provided between one open end and the other closed end of the hollow fiber group as boundaries between each hollow fiber wall to absorb solar heat. Solar heat absorption method described in section. 5. The solar heat absorption method according to claim 1, wherein the hollow fiber is made of a spinnable polymer material, an inorganic material, or a metal material. 6. The solar heat absorption method according to claim 1, wherein each single fiber of the hollow fiber is colored blackish. 7. The solar heat absorption method according to claim 1, wherein the heat medium is water, an organic solvent, an animal or vegetable oil, or a gas.