JPS5949044B2 - High gradient magnetic separation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high gradient magnetic separation device that captures and separates paramagnetic particles contained in a fluid to be treated.

By introducing a ferromagnetic object with a sharp surface with a small radius of curvature into a uniform magnetic field, a high magnetic gradient is generated in the vicinity of the object, which attracts not only ferromagnetic particles but also other paramagnetic particles. High-gradient magnetic separation equipment has recently been developed that separates these from liquids or granules to be treated. It is being used in an extremely wide range of fields such as resource extraction and recovery.

The basic configuration of a conventional high gradient magnetic separation device is as shown in FIG.
A uniform magnetic field H is generated, and a filter chamber R through which the fluid to be treated flows is formed in the space between the opposing end faces of the yokes Ia and Ib.

In this filter chamber R, the wire diameter is several (μ) to several tens (μ).
A magnetic filter F formed by rolling magnetic stainless steel wool in the form of a web is filled, and a high magnetic gradient is generated in the magnetic filter F, which causes the fluid to be treated to flow in from the inlet provided at the upper part of the filter chamber R. The magnetic filter F is configured to attract and separate paramagnetic particles contained in the magnetic filter F.

However, the conventional high gradient magnetic separation apparatus configured as described above has the following drawbacks.

(a) As shown in Figure 2, the basic properties of high-gradient magnetic separation are that when a ferromagnetic wire W with a small wire diameter is introduced into the magnetic field H at right angles to the magnetic field H, it is most effective. A high magnetic gradient is generated near the wire W, and paramagnetic particles P
is strongly adsorbed to the wire W.

However, in the magnetic filter in the conventional device, the strands are configured in the form of a web, and about 173 of the length of the ferromagnetic strands is located approximately parallel to the magnetic field, so the ferromagnetic strands do not work effectively, and moreover, the length of the strands is approximately 173 or more Since it is difficult to fill the wires with a filling rate of , it is not possible to effectively generate a high magnetic gradient.

(b) Since the ferromagnetic strands are in the form of a web, it is difficult to fill the strands uniformly, and if the magnetic field is not generated uniformly, the strands may be pushed to one side of the filter chamber by magnetic force. Due to the deviation, a magnetic gradient cannot be uniformly generated in the cross section of the filter chamber through which the fluid to be processed flows, resulting in unstable separation performance.

(C) Since the ferromagnetic wires are in the form of a web, it is difficult to adjust the filling rate of the ferromagnetic wires to the filter chamber volume, and the characteristics are adapted to the properties of the paramagnetic particles contained in the fluid to be treated. It is difficult to adjust the magnetic filter to have a

Therefore, the inventors conducted intensive research to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, and found that they either overlapped a wire mesh made of ferromagnetic wires with a small wire diameter, or combined this wire mesh with a wire mesh made of a non-magnetic material. It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved at once by superimposing magnetic filters and arranging the magnetic filters so that the ferromagnetic wires are perpendicular to all magnetic fields.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an advanced technology that can effectively and stably capture and separate paramagnetic particles contained in a fluid to be treated using a magnetic filter that is suitable for the properties of the particles, with a simple configuration. An object of the present invention is to provide a high gradient magnetic separation device with separation performance.

In order to achieve this object, the high gradient magnetic separation device according to the present invention configures a passage for the fluid to be treated in the space between the opposing end faces of the opposing yokes, and a ferromagnetic thin wire in the passage between the end faces. A magnetic filter composed of a plurality of superimposed ferromagnetic wire meshes is inserted, and the magnetic filter is inserted so that all of the ferromagnetic thin wires are orthogonal to the magnetic field acting on the passage of the fluid to be treated by the excitation coil attached to the yoke. It is characterized by being arranged so that the magnetic field and the flow direction of the fluid to be treated are perpendicular to each other.

In addition, it is preferable that the characteristics of the magnetic filter can be adjusted by adjusting the wire mesh made of ferromagnetic thin wires, the wire diameter, and the mixing rate of non-magnetic material, and adjusting the filling rate of the ferromagnetic thin wires. It is also possible to construct the wire mesh made of ferromagnetic thin wires and the non-magnetic mesh made of non-magnetic wires in a desired ratio.

Furthermore, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of magnetic filters having different characteristics in stages in the flow direction of the fluid to be treated, and it is preferable that the magnetic filters are detachably attached to the passage for the fluid to be treated.

Next, the high gradient magnetic separation apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 3, coils 14 and 16 are wound around U-shaped yokes 10 and 12 with their end faces facing each other, respectively, so that a uniform magnetic field 18 is generated within the yokes 10 and 12.

Between the opposing upper end surfaces of the U-shaped yokes 10 and 12, a predetermined magnetic stainless steel wire having a mesh size suitable for the liquid to be treated and having a wire diameter of several 10 (μ) to several 10 (μ) is installed. An upper magnetic filter 24, which is constructed by alternately overlapping interwoven wire mesh 20 (see FIG. 4) with resin mesh 22 of appropriate wire diameter and mesh size, is removably interposed.

Between the opposing lower end faces of the U-shaped yoke 10.12 is a wire mesh 26 which is made up of ferromagnetic wires having a predetermined wire diameter within the above range and has an appropriate mesh that is finer than the wire mesh 20 of the upper magnetic filter 24. A lower magnetic filter 28 configured by overlapping magnetic filters (see FIG. 4) is removably interposed with an intermediate space 30 provided between the upper magnetic filter 24 and the upper magnetic filter 24.

Furthermore, a supply port 32 for the fluid to be treated is provided on the upper surface of the upper magnetic filter 24, and a discharge port 34 for the fluid to be processed is provided on the lower surface of the lower magnetic filter 28.

Next, the operation of the high gradient magnetic separation apparatus configured as described above will be explained.

In FIG. 3, when a uniform magnetic field 18 is generated in the yokes 10 and 12 by supplying current to the coils 14 and 16, all the ferromagnetic wires with small diameters constituting the upper magnetic filter 24 and the lower magnetic filter 28 Since the strands are perpendicular to the magnetic field 18, a high gradient magnetic field is created within these magnetic filters 24,28.

Among these, the upper magnetic filter 24 is made of coarse wire mesh 20.
The lower magnetic filter 28 is constructed by overlapping a wire mesh 26 with a finer mesh than the upper magnetic filter 24, and the filling rate of the ferromagnetic wires is different. , a stronger magnetic gradient occurs in the lower magnetic filter 28 than in the upper magnetic filter 24.

Therefore, when a liquid to be treated containing paramagnetic particles flows in from the supply port 32, a portion of the paramagnetic particles are attracted and captured by the wire mesh 20 of the upper magnetic filter 24 by the high gradient magnetic field.

Further, when the liquid to be treated falls and flows through the lower magnetic filter 28, the remaining paramagnetic particles are attracted to the wire mesh 26 of the lower magnetic filter 28 and separated, and the paramagnetic particles that remain are separated by the upper and lower magnetic filters having different characteristics. Since the magnetic particles are divided and adsorbed, the paramagnetic particles can be separated without the filter performance decreasing in a short period of time due to filter clogging or the like.

The processed liquid from which paramagnetic particles have been separated is discharged from the outlet 34.
is discharged to the outside.

In this embodiment, the separation performance can be further improved by increasing the number of magnetic filters by two stages in the upper and lower parts.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment, in which a coil 42 is buried concentrically within a hollow cylindrical yoke 40, and a cylindrical core 44 having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the yoke 40 is concentrically embedded within the yoke 40. A cylindrical gap is formed concentrically between the inner surface of the yoke 40 and the outer surface of the cylindrical core 44, and the embodiment shown in FIG. An upper magnetic filter 46 and a lower magnetic filter 48 similar to the above are removably attached.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, paramagnetic particles contained in the liquid to be treated flowing in the direction of the arrow from above the upper magnetic filter 46 can be captured and separated in exactly the same manner as in the embodiment shown in FIG. can.

As is clear from the embodiments described above, in the apparatus of the present invention, a wire mesh made of ferromagnetic wires with a small wire diameter is placed in the passage of the fluid to be treated, one of the woven wires being parallel to the flow of the fluid, The other weaving line is arranged perpendicular to the fluid flow.

Therefore, unlike conventional magnetic filters in which the filament is simply parallel to or perpendicular to the flow of fluid, the factor that disturbs the magnetic field is one-dimensional, whereas the magnetic filter of the present invention is two-dimensional. , the magnetic field is more disturbed and the filter efficiency is therefore further improved.

As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to fill the passage of the fluid to be treated with ferromagnetic wires having a small wire diameter at a high filling rate, and to make all the wires perpendicular to the magnetic field to efficiently achieve high gradients. can generate a magnetic field of

Furthermore, the uniformly packed ferromagnetic wires do not shift due to the action of a non-uniform magnetic field, and paramagnetic particles can always be stably captured.

Furthermore, the characteristics of the magnetic filter can be adjusted to suit the properties of the fluid to be treated by adjusting the wire mesh, wire diameter, non-magnetic material mixing rate, etc., and magnetic filters with different characteristics can be adjusted. By arranging the filter in stages in the flow direction of the processing fluid, it is possible to prevent the filter performance from decreasing in a short period of time due to filter clogging, etc., and to reduce the number of times the filter needs to be washed. It has many advantages compared to other devices, and has an extremely large effect in improving performance and saving labor in maintenance.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a case was shown in which magnetic filters were inserted into the opposing upper and lower ends of the yoke, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments. The above-described effects of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained by inserting one hole and having a hole for fluid communication on the other side.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that various design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a conventional high-gradient magnetic separation device, FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the principle of a high-gradient magnetic separation device, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment of a high-gradient magnetic separation device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a wire mesh constituting the magnetic filter of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a main part of another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. 10.12...Yoke, 14,16...
Coil, 18... Magnetic field, 20... Wire mesh, 22... Resin mesh, 24... Upper magnetic filter, 26... Wire mesh, 28...Lower magnetic filter, 30...Intermediate space section, 32.
...Supply port, 34...Discharge port, 40...
...Yoke, 42...Coil, 44...
・・Cylindrical iron core, 46・・Curved ball magnetic filter, 48・
...Lower magnetic filter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A passage for the fluid to be treated is formed in the space between the opposing end faces of the opposing yoke, and a plurality of wire meshes woven from fine ferromagnetic wires are superimposed in the passage between the end faces. A magnetic filter is inserted, and this magnetic filter is arranged so that all of its ferromagnetic thin wires are perpendicular to the magnetic field acting on the passage of the fluid to be treated by the excitation coil attached to the yoke, and the magnetic filter is arranged such that the magnetic field and the fluid to be treated are A high gradient magnetic separation device characterized by being arranged so that the flow directions are perpendicular to each other. 2. In the high-gradient magnetic separation device according to claim 1, the wire mesh made of ferromagnetic thin wires, the wire diameter and the mixing rate of non-magnetic material are adjusted, and the filling rate of the ferromagnetic thin wires is adjusted. A high gradient magnetic separation device characterized in that characteristics of a magnetic filter can be adjusted by. 3. In the high gradient magnetic separation device according to claim 1 or 2, the magnetic filter is constructed by superimposing a wire mesh made of ferromagnetic fine wires and a nonmagnetic mesh made of nonmagnetic wires in a desired ratio. A high gradient magnetic separation device characterized by: 4. The high gradient magnetic separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of magnetic filters having different characteristics are arranged stepwise in the flow direction of the fluid to be treated. Gradient magnetic separation device.