RU187328U1 - MAGNETIC SEPARATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment for mineral processing and is intended for use in the mining industry for the enrichment of weakly magnetic materials. The technical result, to which the claimed technical solution is directed, is the ability to capture para- and ferromagnetic particles of fine particle sizes without losing their characteristics during operation. For this purpose, a magnetic separator is proposed, comprising a magnetizing system, a housing equipped with nozzles for introducing the cleaned and withdrawing the cleaned medium, a working cassette with a matrix, with precipitation elements made in the form of rods, while the rods of the precipitation elements are made of non-magnetic material and contain inside along their axis brushes made of magnetic wire, the ends of which extend to the surface of the rods. 2 s.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to equipment for mineral processing and is intended for use in the mining industry for the enrichment of weakly magnetic materials.

State of the art

Magnetic enrichment of low-magnetic raw materials is carried out on high-gradient magnetic separators, which use an electromagnetic system to create a magnetic field in the separation zone and a ferromagnetic matrix to create zones with a high magnetic field gradient. The degree of extraction of the magnetic fraction and the quality of the resulting final concentrate depend on the level of these quantities, which directly affects the further metallurgical redistribution.

Superconducting magnetic systems are used to create a magnetic field in a large volume with high magnetic intensity and low consumption of operational energy costs.

The matrix of the magnetic separator must satisfy the following requirements: create a concentration of the magnetic field in the separation zone with the formation of a high gradient of the magnetic field; provide the accumulation of weakly magnetic particles on the elements of the matrix; to ensure the passage of non-magnetic particles through the elements of the matrix; to ensure the cleaning of the matrix elements from weakly magnetic particles outside the magnetic field.

In practice, gear-plate and rod-type matrices are widely used for both conventional and superconducting magnetic separators.

Matrices of the first type are ferromagnetic plates installed with a gap between each other. The surface of the plates is corrugated, in the form of alternating depressions and protrusions, a similar design of the device is described in Copyright certificate No. 1593701 of 01/04/1988. Remote gaskets can be installed between the plates, as in the Certificate of Authorship No. 1502108, dated July 27, 1987. The pulp containing the enriched material is fed into the gaps between the plates, the magnetic particles are trapped on the tops of the protrusions, on which the maximum holding force is concentrated, non-magnetic particles are carried away by the pulp stream into the receiver. Magnetic particles, after the matrix leaves the magnetic field, are washed off into the magnetic fraction collector. Typically, the gaps between the teeth of adjacent plates are 1-2 mm.

An example of a matrix of the first type for superconducting magnetic separators is the design of a plate matrix of alternating magnetic and non-magnetic strips, for example, the design of a magnetic separator described in USSR author's certificate No. 1461507 of 02.28.1989.

A disadvantage of this type of matrix is clogging with silmagnetic particles, which are held on the teeth by the dispersion field of the magnetic system. In addition, the tips of the teeth gradually wear out and become dull, which entails a decrease in the calculated gradient of the magnetic field, and, consequently, the holding forces of the magnetic field. Both reduce the efficiency of the separator. In addition to the above, ferromagnetic elements of a matrix of this type occupy a large fraction of the volume in the cassette and, for any magnetic field asymmetry, unilateral magnetic attraction forces arise that create large loads on the mechanical part of the separator, which can lead to breakage or increased wear of the entire structure.

Rod-type matrices are a set of rods made of ferromagnetic material, usually installed in a checkerboard pattern. The diameter of the rods is from 1 to 6 mm. A matrix with such a filler is better washed with water under pressure. However, the ferromagnetic elements of the cartridge with this type of matrix also occupy a large fraction of the volume and can also create large forces of one-sided magnetic attraction. In addition, ferromagnetic rods are strongly attracted to each other and require the installation of distance gaskets, which also leads to a decrease in the ducts of the pulp duct and their possible clogging.

Also known is a magnetic separator cartridge, USSR Author's Certificate No. 1079294 of 03/15/1984, which includes elements of a ferromagnetic filler from magnetic wire and attachment points of elements in a cartridge [4]. A magnetic separator cassette of this type has a filler, which occupies a volume of 6-8 times less in the cassette and provides a tension gradient, and, therefore, extracting magnetic force, 10-100 times more than gear plates or rods. The elements of the ferromagnetic filler from the magnetic wire are made in the form of bundles, rigidly fixed at one end from the supply side of the separated material to the attachment points made in the form of cages, the wires in the bundles being arranged longitudinally to the material supply direction.

The disadvantage of such a cartridge with such a filler is that in a magnetic field the wire bundles stick together under the influence of the field and disrupt the separation process.

A superconducting magnetic separator is known, described in US patent No. US 5004539 from 04/02/1991, which contains a carrier, a separator container, an inlet pipe for injection into a container with a suspension of water and kaolin, which contains ferromagnetic particles, an exhaust pipe for carrying out the suspension from the container and a superconductor magnet containing at least one superconductor coil, and Dewar means, in the coil, contains a capacitance, with axial pole pieces located at opposite ends of the container, one of which includes means for conducting the supply of the suspension into the container and a second means for conducting the withdrawal of the suspension from the container; a support column extending in the axial direction from the first to the second pole part, the column has at least one axial channel in communication with one of said inlet and outlet pipes, and a plurality of holes through a radial surface from said at least one axial channel, and packing of the ferromagnetic material filling the specified container outside the specified rack, so that the suspension flow passes in the axial channel through the indicated holes and through the specified nozzle for contact with the ferromagnetic particles with the specified Anna nozzle, so that said magnetic particles are removed from said slurry; and ferromagnetic means located outside said superconducting magnet

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the packing of steel fibers in the magnetic field is also unpredictably compressed, the passage of the cross section of the pulp in the matrix can change and the working process may be disturbed.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a magnetic separator, RF Patent No. 2300421, 10.24.2005, containing a magnetizing system, a housing equipped with nozzles for the input of the cleaned and the output of the cleaned medium, a working matrix consisting of rod wire elements made in the form of spring bodies [6]. The spring bodies are oriented with respect to the magnetizing system with the possibility of passing the magnetic flux generated by it along the axes of the spring bodies and simultaneously oriented transverse to the direction of flow of the medium to be cleaned in the working matrix.

The disadvantage of this separator is that when using spring elements made of thin wire, which ensures the creation of a high gradient of the magnetic field, which is necessary for trapping weakly magnetic particles, the springs under the influence of a magnetic field are unpredictably compressed and disrupt the working process.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is to increase the reliability, service life of a conventional and superconducting magnetic separator and increase its efficiency.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is that the claimed device is capable of capturing para- and ferromagnetic particles of fine particle sizes without losing its characteristics during operation.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is achieved by the fact that a magnetic separator is proposed, comprising a magnetizing system, a housing equipped with nozzles for inputting a cleaned and outputting a cleaned medium, a working cassette with a matrix, with precipitation elements made in the form of rods, while the rods of the precipitation elements are made of non-magnetic material, and contain inside along its axis brushes, made of magnetic wire, the ends of which extend to the surface of the rods.

In a preferred embodiment:

- brushes installed in non-magnetic rods are made in the form of a flat double-sided brush and each rod is installed in the cartridge so that the brush plane is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field vector;

- brushes, contain wire of different sections.

The combination of the above essential features leads to the fact that:

- the rigidity and immutability of all matrix elements and separator operating modes is ensured due to the fact that the ends of the wire brushes coming to the surface of the rods and are concentrators of the magnetic field are rigidly fixed in their position on the matrix rods with a non-magnetic material (compound), and the rods, in their the queue is fixed in the matrix body;

- when using thin wire for the manufacture of brushes, it becomes possible to hold very small particles with a particle size of up to 2-3 microns with a very low magnetic susceptibility, which is unattainable in similar designs;

- the matrix of the magnetic separator is well washed and does not clog during operation.

In addition, the fraction of the magnetic material of the matrix can be only a few percent of the volume of the entire matrix of the separator, which reduces all the loads on the matrix from the action of magnetic forces and facilitates the working conditions of the separator. In the design of such a precipitation element, a non-magnetic core filler will not only keep the wire elements from sticking together, but also protect them from excessive wear. When the rods of the matrix wear out during operation, its characteristics do not change: neither the deposition force acting on magnetic particles, nor the deposition area. This design can significantly reduce the metal consumption of the working matrix while maintaining a large area of the precipitation surface and ensuring high efficiency of the separator, its reliability and durability.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a magnetic separator placed in a magnetic field of a superconducting solenoid in a section, where the numbers indicate:

1 - Cassette with a magnetic matrix.

2 - Precipitation elements

3 - Superconducting solenoid.

In FIG. 2 shows a magnetic separator top view, where the numbers indicate:

1 - Cassette with a magnetic matrix.

2 - Precipitation elements.

In FIG. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of precipitation elements.

Utility Model Implementation

The following is an example of a specific implementation of the device, which does not limit the options for its execution.

As well as the prototype, the claimed technical solution contains a magnetizing system in the form of a superconducting solenoid 3, a separator case (not shown in the figures), equipped with nozzles (not shown in the figures) for supplying the raw material to be purified and withdrawing fractions (purified medium), a cassette with a working matrix 1 The arrow indicates the flow direction of the medium to be cleaned.

The inventive magnetic separator (Fig. 1 and 2), includes a cartridge 1 with a magnetic matrix. The matrix is a set of precipitation elements, each of which is made in the form of a rod 2 with a brush installed integral inside it. The cassette 1 is installed inside the superconducting solenoid 3 and is equipped with a device for introducing it into the magnetic field inside the superconducting solenoid 3 and its output (the device is not shown in the figures). The rods 2 are installed in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other (Fig. 1) so that their axes are directed perpendicular to the vector of the external magnetic field B. The ends of the rods 2 are rigidly fixed in the cassette 1.

Each rod 2 of the precipitation element (FIG. 3) is made of non-magnetic material, the brushes of FIG. 3-4 are located inside the rod along its axis, and are made of magnetic wire, the ends of which extend to the surface of the rods and are either flush with the surface of the non-magnetic material of the rods, or protrude to a length of 2-5 of their diameters (i.e., with the thickness of the wire 10 micron protrusion is 20-50 microns). Precipitation elements can be made by placing a wire brush in a tubular form and pouring it with one or another compound, followed by polymerization and removing the resulting rod from the mold.

Since the magnetic field gradient is directed towards the ends of the magnetic wire of the brushes only in the plane of the vector of the magnetic field, the brushes can be made as with uniform winding of the wire. FIG. 3 and in the form of a flat double-sided brush FIG. 4, and the rods are installed in the cassettes 1 so that the plane of the double-sided brush coincides with the direction of the magnetic field vector.

In addition, to capture particles of different sizes, brushes can be wound from wires of various sections.

The device operates as follows:

When a cassette 1 with a matrix and precipitation elements 2 is inserted into the magnetic field of a superconducting solenoid 3, brushes made of magnetic material are magnetized and create at the ends of the wire emerging from non-magnetic rods, in the local area, a magnetic field gradient.

During operation, raw materials in the form of pulp are supplied to the magnetic separator cartridge. FIG. 1 (arrow indicates the supply of raw materials). Particles of raw materials flow around the matrix rods, while magnetic and weakly magnetic particles are attracted to the ends of the wire extending to the surface of the non-magnetic rods, and are held on them. Particles of a non-magnetic fraction are carried in the pulp stream from the zone of the magnetic field of the matrix.

When the magnetic separator matrix is removed from the magnetic field of the superconducting solenoid, the action of magnetic forces on the magnetic particles ceases and water is supplied to the matrix to flush the magnetic particles into the magnetic fraction receiver.

Since the brushes of the matrix rods occupy only 5-7% of the total matrix volume, the forces of one-sided magnetic attraction, when magnetic asymmetry occurs, do not represent a large value, and the rods are easily held at a given distance from each other. The non-magnetic material of the rods holds the wire elements of the brushes at a given distance and protects them from wear. In addition, even with the general wear of the rods, the gradient of the magnetic field of the matrix is determined by the thickness of the brush wire and does not change in any way, maintaining its value, which always ensures stable performance of the magnetic separator. To further reduce the mass and volume of magnetic brushes, brushes installed in non-magnetic rods can be made in the form of a flat double-sided brush.

In addition, since the particles of the feedstock arriving for magnetic enrichment can have different fineness and different magnetic susceptibility, it is advisable to select larger particles and particles with greater magnetic susceptibility at the beginning of the process. For this, the brushes of the rods of the ferromagnetic filler can be wound from wires of various cross-sections, namely: those rods that are at the beginning of the flow of pulp are wound from wires of a larger cross-section, and those that are at the outlet of the stream from wire of a smaller cross-section.

Thus, the claimed utility model solves the following main problems, namely: a magnetic separator with a matrix of this design does not have any sinuses, has low hydraulic resistance, it is better washed with water under pressure and does not tend to clog.

Claims (3)

1. A magnetic separator containing a magnetizing system, a housing equipped with nozzles for entering the cleaned and output of the cleaned medium, a working cassette with a matrix containing precipitation elements made in the form of rods, characterized in that the rods of the precipitation elements are made of non-magnetic material and contain inside along their axis brushes made of magnetic wire, the ends of which extend to the surface of the rods. 2. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the brushes installed in the non-magnetic rods are made in the form of a flat two-sided brush, and each rod is installed in the cartridge so that the plane of the brush is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field vector. 3. The separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the brushes contain a wire of different cross-sections.

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