JPS5948370A - Geared elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to an elevator, and in particular improves the control method,
This invention relates to a geared elevator of the Ichi'tun type, in which the inertia factor of the elevator system is set to an optimum value.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, AC geared elevators are driven by a Sanwa induction electric rock, and this electric motor is equipped with a power torque control device and a braking torque control device. Generally, a DC braking control method is used. During acceleration, the forward torque control device is mainly used, while during deceleration, the control device is mainly used to perform speed feedback control.

In this case, the actual situation is that the inertia factor of the elevator movement system is considerably increased. Therefore, from the point of view of energy saving, the acceleration and deceleration of the 2V beta has the disadvantage that energy is wasted.

In other words, the inertia factor is an important element for stabilizing the control system, and in conventional control methods, it is difficult to control the nonlinear characteristics of the induction motor, especially the significant nonlinear characteristics of the DC braking l/ruk used when decelerating the V-beta. It was necessary to prevent control from becoming unstable. For this reason, a drum for the electromagnetic brake V-key is provided at the connection between the induction motor for driving the envator and the speed reducer, and this drum is set larger than the mechanically required value. The inertia factor (rotating system inertia factor) was set high.

As mentioned above, the rotational system [I' (performance rate) is calculated from the deceleration (free deceleration j and the control target) when the rated load is loaded to about 80% of the load and the rated speed is rising and then freely decelerated. The rake drum, etc., was operated at six frequencies so that the deceleration rates were almost the same.

However, the torque TM used to calculate the energy of the motor V beta is given by a general equation of motion.

However, +l+ Torque required for MHI ringing, f; Elevator system inertia factor dω/dt; Elevator angular acceleration T1, ; Load torque angular speed 1ife dω/di set in equation (1)
The smaller the inertia factor for acceleration and deceleration, the lower the torque that is safe for driving, and the smaller the energy consumption L' to be consumed. Furthermore, since the motor capacity can be made smaller, loss can also be improved.

Therefore, in the past, a lot of energy was wasted.

[Purpose of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to use a four-quadrant torque control method as a control method for an AC geared elevator using a controllable inverter device with good linearity, and to set the minimum inertia rate of a mechanical V-beta system that can be achieved with the control method. The object of the present invention is to provide an elevator that saves energy by reducing the capacity of the motor and the capacity of the power supply supplied thereto.

[Summary of the invention]

The main % characteristic of the present invention is that the elevator
The aim is to control the E movement 1 that drives the elevator system and to minimize the inertia factor of the elevator system (in the case of a guarded elevator, the inertia factor of the rotating system of the motor and lift is mostly determined).

The magnitude of the above inertia factor is 1.11 of the elevator system when a specified mechanical braking force is applied.
The energy stored by the performance rate decreases due to the braking force, causing a sudden decrease, but this is set so that even under the worst conditions, no damage occurs to the rope wrapped around the sheet. Or, even if a slip occurs, the shock absorber on the farthest floor has t:
'; The purpose is to set the inertia rate to avoid collisions.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Below is a detailed example! 111 will explain. FIG. 1 makes it possible to set the optimum reliability rate for the elevator system. 1. Drive method of AC guard elevator is shown. For control, it is possible to use the generally known regenerative braking, which is capable of four-quadrant torque control. This is an in-vehicle parking system. The heavy pressure inverter unit 2 is a forward converter unit CNV that converts the three-phase AC power supply 1 to DC.

Flat Nf? Reactor L1 conde 7'', 3φ that supplies the DC voltage smoothed by I-C to the 1Kz, 1 motor
A plurality of inverters I N V are configured to convert the Y current voltage.

1j11 A reduction gear G and a sheave SH are connected to the induction motor IN controlled by the inverter section 2, and a counterweight CW and a car CA are suspended via a rope 11 wound around the sheave. There is. The speed reducer G has a desk brake DB with a small inertia factor to keep the passenger stationary, and also detects the speed and position of the elevator.
A three-phase AC speed generator directly connected to an induction motor to
Equipped with li machine PG. A control system for an elevator constructed as described in iJ will be described below.

The elevator hall call or arrival is triggered by the hall call signal! lΦ signal 3 is generated. The speed command generating device 4 generates a speed command based on the above-mentioned number 18.

Speed feedback signal SF by speed command and AC speed generator PG
are compared by the comparator CP+, and the one quotient difference is written to the speed command generator 5. The speed control device 5 sets the frequency to be currently output. One side of the speed control device 5 is V/f.
One signal is output to the setter 6, and the other is output to the I-'WM signal generator 8. The V/f setter 6 outputs a voltage value corresponding to the frequency set by the speed control device 5 in order to keep the frequency and voltage value applied to the motor constant. Furthermore, the voltage value V
1 and the terminal voltage of the electric isocho M are matched by the ratio unit CP 2 via the transformer PT 1 and the voltage detector 10, and the voltage value to be currently output is set via the voltage controller 7. I) W.M.
The signal generator 8 generates a pulse signal corresponding to the frequency and voltage, and fires the transistor of the inverter circuit via the pulse distribution circuit 9.
Controls the voltage and frequency applied to the E-motor. Therefore, the electric motor can be controlled to accelerate and decelerate. Furthermore, in the engineering V-Beta, since it is necessary to perform stop control accurately, the output of the speed generator PG is converted into pulses, and these pulses are counted to detect the elevator force and position. A position signal generator 1o is provided, and the speed pattern generated by the speed pattern generator 4 is used as a position signal.

During braking, nine forces are returned from the electric motor to the inverter section 2. The following is a method for regenerating 1 manpower into a power source. The base that determines whether regeneration should be performed is the voltage generator 11 and the capacitor terminal voltage of the inverter section, which is transferred to the transformer P.
It is detected at T2, determined by comparator CP3 via voltage detector 12, and input via voltage controller 13 to pulse generator 14 which fires the transistor of converter CNV. Furthermore, in order to match the phase of the supply power source 1, the circuit configuration is such that it is input to the pulse generator 14 via the transformer PT3.

The control method is based on the terminal voltage V of the induction motor and the applied frequency f.
If the speed is controlled while keeping the ratio V/f constant, the speed will be 18.
1 (Subeshi) - The torque characteristic is obtained by simply translating the characteristic curve at the reference frequency, and when exposed to the slip frequency, the same characteristics suitable for variable frequency control are obtained in all four quadrants. Therefore, - blowing mold pressure control and direct current < b
In the ++ dynamic braking 7a1 system, it is possible to improve the speed control of the induction m1 Tih machine, which has a significantly nonlinear torque characteristic, and to reduce the inertia factor.

Next, the inertia factor can be reduced by the side slope method 11, and an optimal setting method for this inertia factor will be described.

Safety must be taken into consideration under all conditions in the plant/beta. Therefore, in the event of an emergency, mechanical brakes will be used to make an emergency stop. At this time, if the rope wound around Sheave SI-1 slips, it may not be able to stop within the specified distance on the end floor, and it may collide with a derailleur, etc., injuring passengers. There is. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent slippage from occurring, but even if slippage occurs, it must be ensured that it does not collide with the buffer. Since the inertia factor of the elevator system is a factor in the occurrence of this slip, it is necessary to set the inertia factor so that the above-mentioned problem does not occur even when a mechanically set braking force is applied. The relationship between Itcho and @ is shown.

Figure 1 shows a typical working V beta I on a sheave S) 4m. In order to generate a rope slip in the sheave S11-J2, the friction of the sheave λ-
α dynamic capacity coefficient C″′ and load side load coefficient T′2/1.
It is necessary to set the relationship of 'l as follows.

Here T, the rope wrapped around the sheave -
The rope tension on the receiving side and the rope tension on the side where the rope is fed out is large T2i T2i The tension on the other side of the above '[1] is the coefficient of friction between the sheave groove and the rope; the sheave groove shape coefficient θ is the rope winding on the sheep Cornerwork/he 1'-ni and tension cuff 1+, , rJ,
Although l□ differs depending on the loading position and direction of the elevator, the conditions in which -1-slip is most likely to occur occur when ascending with no load or descending with an overload. here,
The case when the overload falls will be explained. When the mass of the cage 1lJl is ml and No. 6 of Kaunota's rule is In2, each shaking force is expressed by the following equation.

However, β is the degree of depletion on the sieve (ml) m, 71. When T 2 becomes ((2), the limit value of slip is determined.If the critical deceleration at this time is β□,
It follows from equations (3) and (4).

On the other hand, the operating equation when the brake torque is applied is expressed by the following equation on the motor shaft.

However, IJI, B, brake torque torque 2L; load torque J1 on the sheave shaft; motor system inertia factor ω on the motor 'jjd; angular velocity I on the motor shaft; reduction ratio I); sheave diameter a; From the load side deceleration (6) and (7), the deceleration α applied to the load side is expressed as follows.

Therefore, it is necessary to set a deceleration a that does not exceed the rope slip limit deceleration β□ and d obtained from equation (5). That is, when β1111,=α, the inertia factor J1 becomes the minimum value and can be found from the following equation.

Equation (9) becomes as follows, and the maiden efficiency J+ is BuV-KitorkT
Depending on IB, the mechanical brake torque is essential to hold the elevator static in overload conditions with the elevator at rest. Based on the above, the V-kit torque has the following relationship.

However, K is the overload coefficient (K) 1) ITIL: Rated load meter mcA; Mass at the corner ITICW; Counterweight mass Therefore, if the brake torque rll lB is set, rope slip will not occur at this time / 1rt performance You can set the rate. Although the description has been made regarding the overloaded and descending time, the overload ascent, no-load ascent, and descent should be similarly determined and the value at which the inertia factor Jl in equation (9) should be the largest. That is, the occurrence of rope slip can be prevented under any load condition of the elevator.

In addition, even when the inertia rate is lower than the above-mentioned inertia rate at which rope slip occurs in the construction of the elevator system, it is necessary that passengers are not harmed. This relationship is shown in Figure 3. Figure 5 shows the emergency stop switch installed at the lowest floor of the elevator, which is located at the lowest point of the S W k elevator. The lower floor, P is the bit provided on the lowest floor, and B is the buffer. Generally, if the east car CA of the elevator does not decelerate even after passing the regular deceleration point, a mechanical brake is applied by the emergency stop switch SW. At this time, the elevator stops near floor 1 at a distance f'
An emergency switch SW is installed at 1lrL, but even if a rope slip occurs at the set point, the shock absorber B
If the rate of inertia is set to avoid collision, the vehicle can be stopped safely without causing any harm to passengers or the like.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention performs torque four-quadrant control that enables regenerative braking of the side system of an AC geared envator;
Even if the mechanical force is applied to reduce the inertia factor of the empetor system, which can be achieved by this, the rope to the sheave will slip.

7〉 setting so that there is no problem is (1). σ) Result,
To accelerate the inertia rate of the elevator system '71'
Since the energy consumed is significantly reduced, the capacity of the motor and the capacity of the power supply to the stiffness L can be reduced compared to conventional settings. Furthermore, since the losses caused by these devices are small, it will be possible to significantly save on city power.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an AC guard envator for explaining one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how to set the inertia rate according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the inside of the tower at the endmost floor of the elevator. ■... 3-phase AC 1-way η station, 2... Inverter device,
B... Buffer, CA... Car, CW... Counterweight, D B... Desk L/-A=, ()・
...Reducer, 1M...Induction motor, R...Rope,
SH... Sheave. Zu゛＼l-Soi. Y 2 Otome 3 Continuation of figure 1 page 0 Inventor 3-1-1 Saiwai-cho, Hitachi-shi, Narita Fukuro-bu 3-1-1 Saiwai-cho, Hitachi City Stock% formula % Hitachi Research Institute, Hitachi, Ltd. Inventor Seiya Shima Hitachi, Ltd., 5-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A passenger seat and a counterweight suspended from the C sheave via a rope, an electric motor for driving the elevator, a reduction gear that transmits the rotational torque of this electric motor to the sheave, and the electric motor. (geometric brake, acceleration and deceleration of the elevator) (1) pattern generating means, speed feedback signal generating means, and all 41 elevators; A control device is provided to control both the moving torque and the braking torque of the above-mentioned towing machine in accordance with A guarded elevator characterized in that a l111 range is set to be smaller than a value corresponding to the deceleration of the deceleration pattern. 2. A guarded elevator set at a predetermined distance from the lowest floor of the elevator The gear is characterized in that a shock absorber is provided below, and the minimum value of the inertia factor is set in a range larger than a value at which the sliding distance between the rope and the sheep is equal to or less than the predetermined distance when the mechanical brake is activated. Yard elevator. 3. Pf In claim 1, the above-mentioned inertia factor is set to a value below which the free deceleration at 80% of the rated load substantially matches the deceleration of the above-mentioned deceleration pattern. A guarded elevator characterized by: 4. In claim 1, the value of the inertia factor is determined by determining the value of the inertia factor when the mechanical brake is activated while the elevator is running;
A guarded elevator characterized in that the rope and sheath are set at a value higher than that at which slippage does not occur. 5. In claim 1, the value of the mechanical brake torque is 120 degrees of the elevator's rated load j4 degrees.
~200 (%) A guarded elevator that can be held stationary under overload (the percentage is set to C). This is a guarded elevator that is equipped with an inverter that generates regenerative control '4h).