JPS5947506A - Compound valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a compound valve to a compact size and light weight by providing a piston with two spherical poppets for changing direction incorporating a piston with a spherical poppet for quick-feed and a throttle valve with a check valve for adjusting the flow rate in one block. CONSTITUTION:A block-like main body 2 is provided with ports P, T formed at the left end surface thereof and ports A, B formed at the right-end upper and lower surfaces thereof. A compound valve 1 comprises piston 3-5 with the first to third spherical poppets capable of vertically sliding and throttle valves 6, 7 with check valves positioned adjacent respective ports A, B, which are disposed on the main body. The ports A, B are connected to the upper and lower chambers 13, 14 of a hydraulic cylinder 8 by pipelines 20, 21. Respective pistons 3-5 include the first valve portions 3B-5B and the second valve portions (spherical poppets) 3D-5D, and are urged in close direction by springs 35, 45, 55. The above throttle valves 6, 7 are adapted to connect chambers 51, 53 opened and closed by a piston 5 as a quick-feed switching valve to the ports A, B.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composite valve, and particularly to a composite valve suitable for downsizing hydraulic equipment.

The recent progress in labor-saving and automation of production equipment and working machines is due to the spread and development of hydraulic equipment that utilizes hydraulic pressure. This is because hydraulic pressure has characteristics such as being able to easily obtain a large amount of force, being easy to control, and being able to continuously change speed. Hydraulic equipment generally includes a hydraulic tank, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic control valve, a hydraulic actuator (hydraulic cylinder/oil motor), and five pipe elements.
The pressure, flow rate, and flow direction of pressurized oil pressurized by a hydraulic pump are sent to a hydraulic actuator while controlling the pressure, flow rate, and flow direction of the oil using a hydraulic control valve, so as to perform a mechanical movement in accordance with a predetermined purpose and conditions. Among the above-mentioned hydraulic control valves, for example, a directional control valve for machine tools is a combination of multiple valves: a directional switching valve, a rapid-feed switching valve, and a throttle valve, but it is used in small machine tools. Naturally, hydraulic equipment and the like are also desired to be small.

However, in the past, the individual directional control valves, fast-forward monthly control valves, and throttle valves were connected by piping, which resulted in the overall structure of the directional control valve being large and expensive, and the piping work was time-consuming. . In recent years, attempts have been made to solve these shortcomings by installing individual directional valves, fast-forward switching valves, and throttle valves on pine boulder hub locks to streamline piping work, but the directional valves themselves are not independent of each other. It had a relatively large structure as a single unit, and this placed a limit on how small the block could be made to be.

The present invention has been made in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, and includes a directional control valve and a directional switching valve.

The purpose is to provide a composite valve that is compact, inexpensive, and easy to manufacture by integrating a rapid-forward switching valve and a throttle valve.

The first valve part of the first piston opens and closes the oil passage for the P port and the B port at the upper end of the ton, and the spherical poppet valve opens and closes the oil passage for the T boat and the A port at the lower end of the first piston. A second valve part of the first piston, a first valve part of the second piston that opens and closes the oil passage for the P boat and the A port at the upper end of the second piston, a T boat and the lower end of the second piston. B boat oil line! il - a second valve portion of the second piston consisting of a spherical poppet valve that opens and closes;
Throttle valves with check valves are installed in the vicinity of boat A in the boat oil passage and in the vicinity of boat B in the B port oil passage, and these throttle valves with check valves and the first. A third piston for rapid feed that can be externally driven is inserted through the A-boat oil passage and the B-boat oil passage between the second piston and the first piston.
The third piston is installed in parallel with the second piston and opens and closes the A-boat oil passage and the A port at the upper end of the third piston.
A second valve part of the third piston that opens and closes the B boat oil passage and the B port is provided at the lower end of the first valve part of the piston and the third piston, and each of the second valve parts is pivoted by a spring. The above object is achieved by configuring the device to be pressed in an upward direction.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a composite valve according to the present invention in a neutral state. In the figure, the composite valve 1 includes a block-shaped main body 2, a P boat P and a T boat T formed on the left side surface of the main body 2, and an A boat formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the right end of the main body 2. A first to third spherical c-bit pistons 3, 4.5 are arranged in parallel on the main body 2 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, and the A bow) is provided on the A side. The throttle valve 6 includes a check valve equipped throttle valve 6 and a check valve equipped throttle valve 7 provided on the B port B side.

Said P boat P and T boat) T are each connected to a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic tank (not shown), and the A boat A and the B boat B are connected to the chamber 13 on the upper and lower sides of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 8 via pipes 20 and 21, respectively. .14 is connected.

The first to third pistons 3, 4.5 with spherical poppets each have a chamber 3 formed in the main body 2 in a vertically linear manner.
1 to 34.41 to 44.51 to 54 are substantially penetrated. The upper side of the chamber 31.41.51 is opened at the top surface of the main body 2, and in this opening there is a large diameter piston provided at the upper end of the first to third spherical poppet pistons 3°4.5. Parts 3A, 4A.

5A is fitted. Also, rooms 31, 32.41.4
2.51.52 The large diameter portion 3 serving as the first valve portion is located between each other.
B, 4B, and 5B are opened and closed according to the vertical movement of the first to third pistons with spherical poppets 3.4.5, and between the chambers 32° 33. 42. 43. are always separated by large diameter portions 3C, 4C, and 5C having relatively large axial lengths. Also, this large diameter part 3C
.

4C, 5'C are chambers 33, 34.43, 44.53°54
It has a function as a balance piston for the spherical poppets 3D, 4D, and 5D, which serve as second valve parts installed in between as check valves. The spherical poppets 3D, 4D, and 5D completely prevent oil leakage when the valve is closed. That is, the spherical poppets 3D, 4D, and 5D have the same functions and effects as the earlier invention (Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-12850) by the same applicant as the present application. For example, taking the first piston 3 with a spherical poppet as an example, a piston shaft 3EK (spherical poppet) 3D formed in a substantially hemispherical shape is fixed to the lower side of the large diameter portion 3C.

The lower end of this spherical poppet 3D is constantly pressed upward by a spring 35. As a whole, the spherical poppet 3D formed in this way is designed so that when the first piston hinge 3 with a spherical poppet is in the neutral position, even if high hydraulic pressure is applied to the A port A (the large diameter part as a lance piston) 3C
Due to the slight pressing force of the spring 35, the chamber 3
3 and 34 can be maintained in a closed IL state. In addition, the spherical surface that receives the pressing force of the spring 35 -
j' bet 3. L) is swingable within the chamber 34, and since the piston shaft 3E extends upward and its tip can be displaced to a certain extent, the spherical poppet 3D
can freely self-correct its outside posture with respect to the seat 36,
Even if the finish g of each part is low, oil leakage can be completely prevented.

On the other hand, the closed state of the spherical poppet 3D can be brought into the open state with a slight force by moving the entire first spherical poppet piston 3 downward against the spring 35.

The configuration and operation explained above are explained in the second section. The same applies to the third pistons 4 and 5 with spherical poppets.

These first to third pistons with spherical poppets 3.4.
The downward movement of No. 5 is the large diameter portions 3A and 4A.

5A is a manually or electromagnetically operated drive tool (not shown) which is provided externally and is pressed down with a button.

The first and 20th spherical poppet pistons 3 and 4 are the first pistons for switching the operating direction of the hydraulic cylinder 8. That is, the chamber 32 and the P boat P, and the chamber 34 and the T boat T related to the first spherical poppet piston 3 are in communication with each other, and the chamber 31 and the T boat T are in communication with each other.
is the chamber 43 related to the second spherical poppet piston 4. Third
Oil passage 1 for B boat leading to B boat via chamber 53 related to piston 5 with spherical poppet and throttle valve 7 with check valve
Connected to 0. Further, the chamber 33 includes a chamber 41 relating to the second piston 4 with a spherical poppet, a chamber 51 relating to the third piston 5 with a spherical poppet. A via throttle valve 6 with check valve
It is connected to the A-boat oil line 9 leading to port 8. Therefore, by vertically moving the first spherical poppet piston 3, the P port P and the oil passage 10 for the B boat, the T boat T and the A
It is configured to open and close with the port oil passage 9.

The chamber 42 related to the second spherical poppet piston 4 is communicated with the P boat P via a chamber hole, and the chamber 44 is connected to the chamber 3.
It is connected to T (T baud) T via 4. Therefore, by vertically moving the second piston 4 with spherical poppet, the oil passage 9 for the P boat P and the A boat, and the oil passage 1 for the T boat T and the B port are opened.
0 is not opened or closed.

The third piston 5 with a spherical poppet has a function as a rapid-forward switching valve, and the chambers 51 and 53 form a part of the A and B port oil passages 9 and 10, respectively, as described above, and are used for checking. A, B ports via valve-equipped throttle valves 6 and 7) A, B
It is communicated with. Further, the chambers 52 and 54 are in direct communication with the A and B boats via bypass passages 11 and 12, respectively.

Then, the third spherical poppet-equipped piston 5 moves up and down.

The B port oil passages 9 and 1G and the bypass passage 11.12 are opened and closed.

Said third spherical poppet piston 5 and A, B bow) A
The throttle valves 6 and 7 with check valves installed between A and B are
, check valves 6A, 7A and throttle valves 5B, 7B inserted in parallel in the oil passages 9, 10 for boat B, respectively. The throttle valves 5B and 7B are configured such that the amount of throttle can be varied by external operation. The operation of the throttle valves 6 and 7 with check valves configured in this manner will be explained based on the throttle valves 6 with check valves.The piston 5 with the third spherical poppet returns upward and the large diameter portion 5B is in the closed state. , the check valve 6A is opened by pressure oil in the direction in which oil flows from the A-boat oil passage 9 to A-boat A, and there is almost no flow restriction; A
The check valve 6A is closed in the direction in which oil flows to the port oil passage 9, and the flow rate is throttled by the throttle valve 6B.

The other throttle valve with check valve 7 operates in exactly the same manner, thereby making it possible to adjust the rising and descending speeds of the hydraulic cylinder 8. However, when the third piston 5 with a spherical poppet moves downward and the large diameter portion 5B and the spherical poppet 5D are open, the bypass passages 11 and 12 cause the boats A and B to operate as throttle valves with check valves. 6 and 7, and oil can freely enter and exit, the hydraulic cylinder 8 is raised or lowered at a fast speed.

Next, the overall operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

1. As shown in Fig. 1 (if the first and second direction switching pistons 3 and 4 with spherical poppets are not pushed downward and the compound valve 1 is switched to the neutral position,
The first and second spherical poppet pistons 3 and 4 are urged upward by the action of the springs 35 and 45, respectively. At this time, the spherical poppets 3D and 4D are
．． 46 to close the spaces between 33 and 34 and between 43 and 44.

Therefore, the oil from A is confined in chamber 33, and the oil from B
Oil from port B is also confined in chamber 43. Further, when the spherical boves 3D and 4D are seated on the seats 36° and 46, the pressure oil supplied from the P boat P is confined in the chambers 31 and 41 by the large diameter portions 3B and 4B. As a result, the oil in chambers 1, 3, and 14 of the hydraulic cylinder 8 does not move at all and comes to a complete stop.Next, only the first piston 1 with a spherical poppet is pushed downward as shown in FIG. The chambers 31, 32 and 33, 34 are communicated with each other. Therefore, the pressure oil supplied from the P boat P passes through the chambers 3λ and 31, enters the B boat oil passage 10, opens the check valve 78 of the check well throttle valve 7, and passes from the B boat B to the chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 8. Enter 14. On the other hand, the oil in the chamber 13 of the hydraulic cylinder 8 enters the A port A, and after the flow rate is throttled by the throttle valve 6B of the check valve equipped throttle valve 6, the oil enters the A-boat oil passage 9. Exit to the T-boat via rooms 33 and 34. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder 8 rises at a predetermined speed adjusted by the throttle valve 6B.

On the contrary, if only the second spherical poppet piston 4 is pushed downward as shown in Fig. 3, the operation is completely opposite to that described above, and the oil supplied from the P boat P flows into the chambers 4'l and 4t. It enters the A port oil passage 9, opens the check valve 6A of the check valve equipped throttle valve 6, and enters the chamber 13 of the hydraulic cylinder 8 from A.

On the other hand, the oil in this hydraulic cylinder 80 chamber 14 is j3 baud) B
K enters, and after the flow rate is throttled by the throttle valve 7B of the throttle valve 7 with check valve, the B boat oil passage 10. Exit to T port T via rooms 43 and 44'i. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder 8 descends at a predetermined speed adjusted by the throttle valve 7B.

Separately, when it is desired to raise the hydraulic cylinder 8 by overhead feeding, as shown in FIG. Also press down. With this downward movement of the third spherical poppet piston 5, the A port oil passage 9. I3
The front side of the check valve-equipped throttle valves 6 and 7 of the boat oil passage 10 is communicated with a bypass passage 11.12. Therefore, from P port P to chamber 3λ, 3, t, , B boat oil passage lO
The entered pressure oil directly exits to boat B via the bypass path 12 and enters the chamber 14 of the hydraulic cylinder 8. On the other hand, the oil in the chamber 13 similarly enters the bypass passage 11 from the A port A, and enters the A port oil passage 9. Exit to T-boat T via rooms 33 and 34.

Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder 8 operates regardless of the check valve and the throttle valves 6 and 7, and is raised by rapid traverse. Conversely, if you want to lower the hydraulic cylinder 8 by rapid traverse, use the 2nd and 30th ball heavy poppets. All you have to do is push down the attached pistons 4 and 5.

According to this embodiment, the first and second spherical poppet pistons for direction switching, the third spherical poppet piston for rapid traverse, and the throttle valve of the check valve for adjusting the flow of the moon are integrated into the main body of the block. Since the V is built-in, the overall structure can be made smaller and lighter, and a joint valve suitable for the hydraulic circuit of a small machine tool, which is inexpensive and easy to manufacture, can be obtained. Furthermore, since the outer shape of the composite valve is block-shaped, multiple valves can be stacked on top of each other, making it easy to integrate hydraulic circuits. Also, A, B po in neutral position)
A. Since oil leakage from f3 to T port can be completely prevented by the self-correcting action of the spherical poppet mentioned above, it is possible to completely stop the hydraulic cylinder at a low cost without requiring advanced processing technology to finish each part. becomes.

- In the above embodiment, the case where the spherical poppet is directly fixed to the cylinder shaft was explained as a matter of course, but the present invention is not limited to this in any way, and as shown in FIG. A piston shaft 72 is loosely inserted through the center hole 71 of the poppet 70 so that a poppet cap 73 attached to the tip of the piston shaft 72 comes into contact with the rear end of the spherical poppet 70, and the poppet cap 73
The rear convex portion of the spherical poppet 70 may be pressed by a sedge ring 75, and an O-ring 76 may be interposed between the spherical poppet 70 and the poppet cap 730. This makes it possible to produce a larger displacement at the tip. Therefore, the spherical poppet 70, into which the piston shaft 72 is inserted loosely and only in contact with the poppet cap 73, has a greater degree of freedom in its seating position, and oil leakage can be more completely prevented. However, the second valve portion of the third piston with spherical poppet may have the same large diameter portion as the first valve portion.

As described above, according to the present invention, a composite valve that is small, lightweight, inexpensive, and easy to manufacture can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ventral joint valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 to 4 are operation explanatory views, and FIG. 5 is a partially omitted sectional view showing a modification of the spherical poppet. l...Compound valve, 2...Main body, 3...Piston with first spherical poppet, 4...Piston with second spherical poppet, 5...Piston with fifth spherical poppet, 3 B
. 4B, 5B...large diameter part, 3D, 4D,
s])... Ball iru poppet, 6, 7... Throttle valve with check valve, 8... Hydraulic cylinder, 9... Oil passage for boat A, lO... Oil passage for boat B, 11 .12...
・Binokusuji, 35.45. 55...Spring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A first piston and a second piston for direction switching that can be driven externally are arranged in parallel on the valve body, and the first piston opens and closes the upper end HcP boat of the first piston and the oil passage for the B port. 1 valve part, a second valve part of the first piston consisting of a spherical poppet valve for opening and closing oil passages for the T-boat and A-boat at the lower end of the first piston, and a second valve part of the first piston consisting of a spherical poppet valve for opening and closing oil passages for the T-boat and A-boat at the upper end of the second piston; The first valve part of the second piston opens and closes the boat oil passage, and the second piston includes a T port and a spherical poppet valve that opens and closes the B boat oil passage at the lower end of the second piston.
Each of the second valve parts r of the piston is provided, and a throttle valve with a check valve is installed near the A boat in the A boat oil passage and in the B port vicinity of the B boat oil passage. and the above 1. A between the second piston
A third piston for rapid traverse that can be driven externally is inserted through the boat oil passage and the B boat oil passage. The first part of the third piston is installed in parallel with the second piston and opens and closes the A-boat oil passage and the A port at the upper end of the third piston.
A second valve part of the third piston that opens and closes the B port oil passage and the B port is provided at the lower end of the third piston, and each of the second valve parts is pressed upward in the axial direction by a spring. A composite valve characterized in that it is configured to.