JPS5945402B2 - Automatic filtration filtration device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic filter dregs discharge type filtration device that has the performance of both pressure filtration and constant pressure filtration.

When filtering polluted water, if the concentration of suspended solids is high, the cake (sediment) that adheres to the filter cloth surface will thicken in a short period of time, and the filtration efficiency will drop rapidly.On the other hand, the filtration pressure will decrease rapidly in inverse proportion. This has the disadvantage of increasing the density of the cake and further reducing the filtration efficiency.

In order to eliminate this drawback, a highly concentrated stock solution is pumped into a chamber formed by a cloth bag, and when the chamber is full, the supply of the stock solution is stopped, and a fluid cylinder is used to tighten the chamber from both sides via a compression frame. Then, the water passes through the filter cloth and is discharged, leaving the dehydrated cake in solid form inside the chamber.

However, with conventional filter presses, if the thickness of the cake to be dehydrated at one time is large, only the portion close to the surface of the cake will be dehydrated, and the moisture content will increase as the distance from the pressure receiving part increases (dehydration is insufficient, and it is difficult to process this cake. There was a drawback that it required a lot of effort and expense.

Patent No. 1077781 exists to eliminate this drawback, but depending on the type of stock solution, in other words, if the suspended matter is too fine, the cake may become too solid and may not be able to escape from the greenhouse. , there was a risk that cake would remain in the greenhouse.

In view of these conventional drawbacks, the present invention is designed to increase the dehydration rate of the cake and to ensure that the solidified cake falls out of the chamber, so that the support frame on which each chamber is hung can be subjected to impact in the vertical direction. At the same time, the filtrate (cake) with a low moisture content is crushed and crushed by the pulverizing action of protruding pieces from both sides of each chamber, thereby ensuring its discharge from the chambers. .

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. On both sides of fixed frames 1, 1.1, 10 established at the four corners, beams 2, 2, 3. The frame body 4 is formed by hanging the frame body 4, and the fixed frames 1, 1.1, 1
A U-shaped guide rod 5, 5.5, 5 is established at the top of the holder.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a rectangular support frame, in which guide pieces γ, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, and 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, and 7, 7, 7, and 7, 7, 7, and 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, and 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, and 7 type type type type type of type type, each is attached to it) are attached to each end of the support frame.
Air cylinders 9, 9 are provided between 8, 8 and the support frame 6.
．． 9, 9 are connected, and this support frame 6 is installed to be movable up and down.

Guide plates 10 and 10 are attached in parallel to the upper sides of both sides of the support frame 60 to form guide grooves 11 and 11,
The locking pieces 13, 13 provided on the upper parts of the hanging plates 12, 12 are engaged in the guide grooves so as to be movable back and forth, and the hanging plates 12,
First hard hoses 15, 15 made of merchant rubber or the like are installed horizontally in vertically movable holes 14, 14 provided at the bottom of the hose 12 in the vertical direction.

Inside each hose, two metal pipes 17, 17 are housed one above the other, and a large number of small holes 18, 18 are bored at appropriate intervals throughout the metal pipes 17, 17, and furthermore, the hose 15 has two small holes 18, 18 bored at appropriate intervals. Jet ports 16, 16 are formed at regular intervals on the lower surface.

Caps 20 and 20 each having a cylindrical portion 19 are attached to both ends of the pipes 17 and 170, respectively.

A lower opening 2 is provided on the outside of the first hard hose 15, 150.
covered with a chamber 21 made of a bag-like filter cloth having a
In order to open and close the lower opening 22 of this chamber, two second hard hoses 25, 25 made of merchant rubber or the like are placed on both sides of the lower opening, respectively.

Two upper and lower metal pipes 26, 26 are housed inside the second hard hoses 25, 25, and a plurality of small holes 2γ, 27 are provided throughout the metal pipes, and cylindrical portions 28, 28 are provided at both ends. The lid body 29° 29 is fixed.

The cylindrical portions 28, 28 have vertical lengths provided on latching fittings 30, 30 that are movably latched to a pair of guide rails 41, 41, which are horizontally positioned below both sides of the frame 40. It is housed in the hole 31.31 so as to be able to move up and down.

42. 42 is the inner lower upper surface of beams 2 and 2 and beam 3
, 3 is a guide rail attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the inner sides of the filter frames 32, 3. On these rails 42, 42, there are a plurality of engaging pieces 33 attached to the upper and lower parts of both sides of the filter frames 32, 320, which are positioned linearly at appropriate intervals. , 33 are engaged so as to be movable back and forth.

Tightening frames 35, 3 located at both ends of this filter frame 32° 320
A pair of hydraulic cylinders 36 are installed on both sides of the 50, respectively.
36, and by operating the cylinder, both clamping frames 35, 35 and each filter frame 32, 32 are moved toward or away from each other in the front-rear direction.

Wire meshes 3γ and 3γ are attached to both outer surfaces of each filter frame 32 in order to maintain the life of the filter cloth by dispersing the pressure over the entire filter cloth without applying strong local pressure. A vacant chamber 38, 38 having a large number of small holes 39, 39 is provided,
Drainage pipes 40, 40 for sending filtered water to the outside are attached to the lower part of each chamber 38, and these pipes 40 are connected to a water storage tank 40b via a stop valve 40a.

Incidentally, the drain pipes 40, 40 are also used when high-pressure water is supplied from the outside in order to eliminate clogging of the filter cloth.

Furthermore, rubber pieces 32a, 32a are attached to the upper and lower ends of the filter frames 32, 32 to make them come into close contact with the filter cloth.

At the bottom of both ends of the fixed frames 1, 1.1, 10, there are guide pieces 43, 4 having grooves 42, 42 in the horizontal direction, respectively.
3. 43, 43 are attached, a connecting rod 44° 44 which is long in the front-rear direction is accommodated in this guide piece, and protruding pieces 45, which are made to protrude inwardly at regular intervals on the inner surface of this connecting rod 44, 4
5, and a lever 49 whose center is pivotably supported on one end of a rod 47 located in an air cylinder 46 attached to both ends of the lower part of the frame body 4 and on a shaft support 48 attached to the frame body.
Connect one end of the

Further, both ends of this lever and both ends of the connecting rods 44, 440 are connected by an arm 50, 50, and when the air cylinder 46 is operated, the projecting pieces 45, 45 can strike the sides of each chamber, thereby This removes cake that has accumulated inside the room.

The cylindrical body 19.19 of the first hard hose 15 is engaged in the elongated holes 14, 14 provided in the hanging plates 12, 12, and the cylindrical body 28. 28 are respectively engaged in the elongated holes 31 of the latch fittings 30 that are engaged with the guide rails 41, so when the air cylinder 9 is operated, the first hard hose 15 has no play in these elongated holes. Depending on the part, a reliable impact is transmitted to each chamber, and even if the No. 1.2 hoses 15 and 25 are compressed and deformed during pressure filtration, the long holes 14 and 31 prevent the filter cloth from being forced. No force is applied, preventing damage to the chamber and increasing durability.

Next, the piping of this device will be explained based on FIG. 8. The stock solution tank 60, the first pump 61 for stock solution, the first valve 62, and the first branch 63 are connected by a first pipe 64.

Next, the first branch portion 63, the second valve 65, and the compressor are connected by a second pipe 66.

This first branch portion 63 is connected to the pipes 17 and 1 through the cylindrical body 19.
7 and the hose 15.

61 is a tank for storing fresh water, and this tank 67 and the third
Valve 68, second pump 69, fourth valve TO and second branch 7
1 through a third pipe 72, and further this second branch part 71.
The pressure control valve 73 and the tank 61 are connected by a fourth pipe 14.

This second branch part γ1 is a pipe 15 and a second hard hose 25
, 25, respectively.

Moreover, the first hard hose 15, the fifth valve 76, and the stock solution tank 60
and are connected by a fifth pipe 77.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a drainage pipe connected to each filter frame 32 and connected to a water storage tank 41b via a stop valve 41a.

Next, to explain the operation of this embodiment, in order to seal the lower end openings 22, 22 existing at the lower end of the bag-shaped filter cloth, the second hard hoses 25, 25 located on both sides of the lower part of the filter cloth are inserted. The second pump 69 is driven to send pressure water from inside the tank 67 to fill the tank 67, and when the pressure inside this hard hose reaches a constant pressure, the second valve 70 closes and the second hard hose 25 is filled with pressure water.
maintain a constant pressure inside.

The adhesion pressure of this second hard hose 25°250 is
In order to seal the lower opening 22° 22 of 1 and prevent liquid leakage due to pressure increase in the concentrated chamber 22 due to filtration, the hydraulic cylinders 36 and 36 are operated to close each filter frame 32 between the tightening frames 35 and 35. , 32 toward each other to maintain appropriate pressure.

In this case, the first hard hoses is, is located above are also pressed together.

- Next, the first pump 61 is driven to pump the stock solution in the stock solution tank 60 from the first pipe 64 to the first branch part 63.
When supplied into the hard hoses 15, 15, this hose 15
, 15 is injected into each chamber 21.21 from the spout 16.16 (FIG. 5).

The suspended matter contained in the stock solution accumulates on the inner surface of the filter cloth, but the filtered water that has passed through the filter cloth is filtered through the wire meshes 37, 37 of the filter frame 32.
A drainage pipe 40 passes through the small holes 39, 39, enters the respective chambers 38, 38, and is further connected to the lower part of the empty chamber 38.
, 40 and is stored in the water tank 40b.

If such constant pressure filtration is continued for a certain period of time, cake will accumulate on the filter cloth surface and the filtration efficiency will decrease, so after a certain period of time, it is switched to pressure filtration.

That is, when the filtration efficiency by constant pressure filtration falls below a certain value, in order to temporarily stop supplying the stock solution to each part chamber 21, 21, the first electromagnetic valve 62 in the first pipe 64 and the second valve in the second pipe 67 are activated. 2. Close the solenoid valve 65.

Next, the mode is switched to pressure filtration, and when the hydraulic cylinders 36.36 are operated to draw the clamping frames 35.35 toward each other and the numerous intervening filter frames 32, 32 are brought closer to each other, the filter frames 32, 32 are located between each filter frame 32, 320. The volume of the chamber 21.210 is contracted, and the second hard hoses 25, 25 sealing the lower opening 22.22 of the chamber are also crushed and deformed as shown in FIG. .250 When the internal water pressure increases, the pressure control valve γ3 of the fourth pipe 74 causes water corresponding to the volume contraction of the second hard hose 25.250 to flow back to the tank 61 via the fourth pipe 74.

Also, when the pressure inside the second hard hose 25.25 returns to the set pressure, the pressure control valve 13 closes again and continues to open the chamber 21.
This prevents leakage from the lower openings 22, 22 of the angle 21.

In this way, each filter frame 32, 32 is brought close to each other, and each chamber 2
1 and 21 to further dehydrate the water in the sludge.

When the pressure filtration (press dehydration) is completed, the second solenoid valve 65 in the second pipe 65 opens to vent the air from the compressor 66, and the stock solution accumulated in the first hose 15 is transferred to the hose 15, 5th solenoid valve γ6 provided at the other end of 15
It is opened and discharged into the stock solution tank 60 through the fifth pipe 11.

When the fifth solenoid valve 76 stops after venting into the first hoses 15, 15 for a certain period of time, the first cylinders 36, 36 operate to expand both clamping frames 35, 35, and open the respective chambers 21.
．． After opening the 210 intervals uniformly, the second solenoid valve 65 is opened again.
is opened, and the air from the compressor 66 is delivered to the chambers 21, 21 through the second pipe 67 and each first hose 15.
Blowing into the filter cloth and squeezing removes the filter dregs that adhere to the filter cloth.

In this case, each chamber 21.21 opens at equal intervals, and the lower second hoses 25, 25 remain in a contracted state (
From FIG. 7), each lower opening 22, 22 of the chamber is open,
Do not obstruct the drainage of the filter cake.

In addition, if the viscosity of the filter cake adhering to the inside of the greenhouses 21, 21 is high, blowing air alone will not be enough to remove the cake, and the weight of the filter cake alone will make it difficult to fall. When activated, the protrusions 45, 45 located on both sides of the lower part of each chamber 21, 21 are connected to the connecting rods 44, 4.
Each filter chamber 2L21 is pinched and struck from both sides of each filter chamber 2L21 via a lever 49 and arms 50, 50 to crush and fall the filter dregs in the chamber.

In addition, the filter slag in the upper part of each chamber 21, 21 is removed by moving the chamber suspension beam 6 up and down the air cylinders 9, which are attached to the upper part of the four corners of the fixed frame, and by the falling energy, each chamber 21, 21 This is to discharge the filter slag inside.

When the filter slag in each chamber 21, 21 is completely discharged, the second pump 69 is started and the first solenoid valve 69 is opened, and the second hoses 25, 25 are filled with water until a constant pressure is reached. That is, when the second hose 25, 25 returns to its circular shape, the third valve 70 is stopped and water flow is stopped.

The filtration work is performed by repeating these operations.

As described above, the present invention uses constant pressure filtration and pressure filtration to reduce the moisture content of the cake deposited in the chamber made of filter cloth, and when discharging this cake, the compression dehydration is first completed and each chamber is When opened at the specified intervals, the filter cloth and cake are in close contact with each other, so they will not fall even if subjected to impact.
After blowing in compressed air to separate the filter cloth and cake, the filter cloth and cake are firstly crushed by compressed air, and then, secondarily, a vertical impact is applied to each chamber together with the support frame that suspends this chamber. This causes the cake to fall off and crumble,
Furthermore, the cake is crushed by the hammer action of protrusions from both sides of each chamber, and the cake is reliably discharged from the chamber, thereby making constant pressure filtration possible again.
In addition to improving work efficiency, the structure of the driving part is simple because the pulling and separating of each filter frame is done only by the elastic force and fluid pressure of the upper and lower hoses themselves, making it easier to reduce size and weight, reducing costs. It has the advantage of being able to promote

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of the whole, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the relationship between the chamber and the filter frame, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the internal structure of the upper and lower hoses, Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part showing the constant pressure filtration state, Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part showing the pressure filtration state, and Fig. 1 is the cake drainage Enlarged sectional view of main parts during
The figure is an overall piping diagram. 2.3 is a beam, 4 is a frame body, 6 is a support frame, 12 is a hanging plate, 15, 25 is a hose, 16 is a spout, 21 is a chamber, 22 is an opening, 30 is a latch, 32 is a filter frame, 3
6 is a cylinder, 41 is a guide rail, and 45 is a protrusion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A plurality of linearly positioned filter frames 32, 32 are attached to the frame body 4 having beams 2, 2, 3, and 3 on both sides so as to be movable back and forth, and a hydraulic pressure is applied above the frame body. A plurality of first rigid hoses 15 that are radially deformable are attached to a support frame 6 that is attached to the support frame 6 so as to be movable up and down via a cylinder 36.
, 150 Hanging plate 1 with both ends movable up and down respectively
2゜12 is engaged so as to be movable back and forth, and this first hard hose 1
5 has a plurality of spout ports 16, 16 on the lower surface, and a bag-shaped chamber 21 made of filter cloth is attached to the outer periphery, and the chambers are positioned alternately with the filter frames 32, 32, and the lower end of this chamber is A latching fitting 30 is attached to both sides of the second hard hose 25°250 which holds the provided opening 22 from both sides and deforms in the radial direction.
, 30 are attached to guide rails 41° 41 attached to both sides of the lower part of the frame body 4 so as to be movable back and forth, and projecting pieces are provided on both sides of the frame body 40 and positioned on both sides of the respective chambers 21, respectively. This filtration device is an automatic sludge discharge type filtration device comprising a plurality of connecting rods 44 and 45 each movably connected to a cylinder 46 via a lever and an arm.