JPS5941035B2 - positive displacement fluid compression device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention involves meshing a pair of spiral bodies at different angles, and applying a relative circular motion (revolutionary motion only) to form a sealed space in both spiral volumes. The present invention relates to a positive displacement fluid compression device, a so-called scroll compressor, which discharges compressed fluid from the center by reducing the volume while moving toward the center.

The principle of such a scroll compressor has been known for a long time.

Referring to FIG. 1, when two spiral bodies 1 and 2 are arranged at different angles and interlocked with each other, there is a gap between both spiral bodies 1 and 2 from the contact part of both spiral bodies as shown in the figure. A confined space 3 is formed over the contact area.

Now, move one spiral body 1 to the other spiral body 2 so that the center O of one spiral body 1 revolves around the center 0 of the other spiral body 2 with a radius of 0-0. When the roll 1 is moved while inhibiting its rotation, the volume of the limited space 3 gradually decreases.

From the state of FIG. 1a, the volume of the space 3 gradually increases with reference to FIG. 1b, which shows the revolution angle of the spiral body 1 at 90°, FIG. It will be understood that this has been reduced to

Figure 1 shows that the rain spaces have moved to the center, connected to each other, and moved further by 90 degrees in the case of a that has been rotated 360 degrees.

As shown in Figures c and d, the space is pinched and becomes almost zero in Figure 1d.

During this time, the outer space that had already begun to open in Figure 1 moves from cod to a in Figure 1, creating a sealed space that takes in new fluid.

Therefore, sealed disc-shaped side plates are provided at both ends of the spiral bodies 1 and 2 in the axial direction, and the central part of one of the side plates is
If a discharge port as shown in is provided, the fluid taken in on the outside in the radial direction will be compressed and discharged from the discharge port 4.

Scroll type compressors based on this principle have advantages such as fewer component parts and unidirectional fluid compression compared to conventional piston type compressors. It has not been put into practical use due to problems with wear, the lubrication mechanism for various parts, the location and shape of the suction and discharge ports, etc.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a housing structure that can be equipped with a preferable lubrication device for such a scroll compressor.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a compressor in which the positions and shapes of suction and discharge ports formed in the housing can be easily changed depending on the application.

That is, the present invention provides a housing provided with a fluid intake port and a fluid discharge port, a first plate member movably disposed within the housing, and a first plate member fixed on one surface of the plate member.
a movable scroll member configured with a spiral body, disposed within the housing so that movement in the rotational direction is fixed, and a second plate body and a second plate body fixed on one surface of the plate body.
a movable scroll member, and a movable scroll member, and both spiral bodies are offset by 180 degrees from each other, and the side walls of the spiral bodies are in contact with each other to form at least a pair of sealed spaces between the spiral bodies. The movable scroll member is caused to revolve on a circular orbit by a drive mechanism, and fluid is taken in while forming a sealed space between the winding bodies.
Positive displacement fluid compression, in which the closed space is moved toward the center of the spiral body with a reduction in volume as the movable scroll member moves, thereby performing a unidirectional fluid compression action. In the device, the housing includes a cup that includes the movable and fixed scroll members, has an opening at one axial end closed by an integrally formed end plate, and has an inlet, a discharge port, and an oil passage hole in the end plate. a front end plate that closes the other end opening of the cup-shaped casing and supports the main shaft by a radial bearing; A suction chamber communicates with the scroll member housing space of the cup-shaped casing through the suction chamber, and a second discharge chamber communicates with the first discharge chamber formed between the plate body and the end plate of the fixed scroll member through the discharge port.
The fixed scroll member is constructed by connecting an annular projection projecting from the second plate body in a direction opposite to the second spiral body to an annular projection projecting from the end plate. The device is characterized in that the first discharge chamber is fixed in a cup-shaped casing and is formed by a second plate, an end plate, and an annular projection.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to drawings showing embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a central cross-sectional view of a compressor showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention, in which the housing 10 is connected to the front end plate 11.
, a rear cover 12 and a cup-shaped casing 13 connecting the two, forming a sealed chamber communicating with the outside through an intake port 123 and a discharge port 124 formed in the rear cover 12.

A main shaft 17 is attached to the front end plate 11, passing through the front end plate 11 and rotatably supported thereon via a radial needle bearing 15.

The front end plate 11 surrounds the main shaft 17.
Inside the cylindrical body 18 protruding from the front is a seal pocket 1 in which a shaft seal mechanism 19 is installed around the main shaft 170.
4, and an electromagnetic clutch 20 is supported by bearings on the outside of the cylinder, and this electromagnetic clutch 20 is connected to the main shaft 17 and transmits rotational force from an external drive source to the main shaft 17 via a belt. It is supposed to be done.

A rotor 21 is fixed to the inner end of the main shaft 17, and this rotor 21 has a thrust needle bearing 2 provided concentrically with the main shaft 17 inwardly of the front end plays 1 and 11.
It is supported by 2.

A shaft (crank pin) 23 protruding from the rotor 21 and eccentric from the main shaft 17 is provided on the opposite side of the front end plate 1-11 of the rotor 21.

The movable scroll member 24 and the fixed scroll member 25 are arranged in the scroll member housing space 13 of the cup-shaped casing 13.
The movable scroll member 24 has a spiral body 242 fixed on one side of a disc-shaped side plate 241, and an axial round hole is provided on the opposite side. A crank pin 23 having a radial needle bearing 26 installed in its axial round hole is fitted into the protrusion 243, so that the movable scroll member 24 is mounted on the crank pin 23 with a bearing. Supported.

A flange body 27 having a radially expanding flange surface is provided at the protruding end of the protrusion 243 of the movable scroll member 24, and this flange surface is provided concentrically with the crank pin 23 on the opposing surface of the rotor 21. Thrust needle bearing 28
It is supported by

Therefore, due to the eccentric movement of the crank pin 23 due to the 170 rotations of the main shaft, the movable scroll member 24 moves to the flange body 2.
Perform eccentric movements together with step 7.

That is, it moves on a circular orbit whose radius is the distance R between the main shaft 17 and the crank pin 23.

During this circular orbital movement of the movable scroll member 240, in order to prevent the movable scroll member 24 from rotating, an inner surface of the cup-shaped casing 13 of the housing is provided between the disc-shaped side plate 241 of the movable scroll member 24 and the flange body 2T. An anti-rotation mechanism 29 is provided.

Here, the rotation prevention mechanism 29 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6. The movable scroll member 24
A concave part 244 formed on the same line is provided on the end surface of the disc-shaped side plate 241 on the side of the protrusion 243, and is located on the outer periphery of the flange part 211 of the flange body 27, and is located on the outer periphery of the flange part 211 of the flange body 27. A first protrusion 291a that corresponds to the shape of the recess and is slidable only in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction within the recess 244 is formed at a position facing the portion 244, and the protrusion A rotation stopper slider 2 that forms a second protrusion 291b at a position shifted by 90 degrees from the protrusion 291a on the end face opposite to the end face on which the protrusion 291a is formed.
91 will be installed.

Also, between the rotation stop slider 291 and the flange surface of the flange body 21, there is a second part of the rotation stop slider 291.
A second protrusion is fitted in a position opposite to the protrusion 291b of the first protrusion 29 and is perpendicular to the axial direction.
A fixed rail 292 is provided with a concave portion 292a that allows sliding so as to be perpendicular to the sliding direction of 1a.
The fixed rail 292 is fixed to the inner surface of the cup-shaped casing 13.

Thus, the rotation stop slider 291 is allowed to move in two directions perpendicular to each other, but rotation is prohibited, and therefore movement on a circular orbit is allowed as a combination of movement in two orthogonal directions.

Therefore, due to the eccentric movement of the crank pin 23 as the main shaft 170 rotates, the rotation stop slider 291 and therefore the movable scroll member 24 do not rotate but move on a circular orbit.

The fixed scroll member 25 has a spiral body 252 fixed to one surface of a disk-shaped side plate 251, and a spiral body 252 is fixed to one side of the disk-shaped side plate 251, and a spiral body 252 is fixed at a position of the disk-shaped side plate 251 corresponding to approximately the center of the spiral body 252, as shown in FIG.
A through hole 253 corresponding to the discharge hole shown in is provided, and an annular projection 254 is provided on the back surface of the disc-shaped side plate 251 so as to surround the through hole 253.

Note that the curve of the spiral body is not limited to a circular expansion line (it is also possible to adopt a line segment expansion line or a polygonal expansion line).

Further, on the rear cover 12 side end surface of the cup-shaped casing 13, an end plate 131 having one or more suction ports 30, a discharge port 31, and an oil passage hole 134 in the lower part is formed integrally with the cup-shaped casing 13. and the end plate 13
1 has an annular projection 1 at a position surrounding the discharge port 31 on the inner surface thereof.
32 is formed.

The outer diameter of the protrusion 132 is the same as that of the fixed scroll member 250.
The inner diameter of the annular projection 254 of the disk-shaped side plate 241 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the annular projection 254, and the outer edge of the tip of the projection 132 is cut off to form an annular recess 133. An annular elastic body (for example, a rubber ring) 32 is placed between them.

The annular elastic body 32 seals between the annular projections 132 and 254, and defines the inside of the annular projection as a first discharge chamber 35 that communicates with a second discharge chamber 121 formed in the rear cover 12.

Further, the annular elastic body 32 elastically supports the fixed scroll member 25 in the axial and radial directions.

A suction port 123 and a discharge port 124 are formed on the periphery of the rear cover 12 which is joined to the end face of the cup-shaped casing 13 so as to close the opening of an end face plate 131 and fixed by bolts 33.
The second discharge chamber 121 that communicates with the discharge port 124 has a passage portion 121a extending from the discharge port 124 to a position opposite to the discharge port 31 formed in the end plate 131, and a discharge port 310.
It is formed of a cylindrical part 121b formed to surround the periphery, and the other part inside the rear cover 12 is the suction chamber 12.
It is set at 2.

On the outer surface of the end plate 131 of the naori tube-shaped casing 13,
An oil separation plate 34 is disposed within the suction chamber 122 and at a position covering the suction port 30.

With the above configuration, when the main shaft 17 is rotated by an external drive source via the electromagnetic clutch 20, the movable scroll member 24 moves on a circular orbit due to the eccentric movement of the crank pin 23.

At this time, the rotation of the movable scroll member 24 is prevented by the function of the rotation prevention mechanism 29, so the function of the movable scroll member 24 with respect to the fixed scroll member 25 becomes the same as that shown in FIG. The fluid taken in is gradually compressed and moves to the center, and the through hole 2
53 to the second discharge chamber 121 through the first discharge chamber 35, and is discharged to the outside of the housing 10 from the discharge port 124, and is circulated through the cooling system, for example, to the suction port 1.
23 to return to the inside of the housing 10.

Here, the flow of lubricating oil within the housing 10 will be explained.

The lubricating oil accumulated in the lower part of the rotor accommodating space 13b of the cup-shaped casing 13 is scraped up by the rotor 21, which rotates at the same time as the main shaft 17 is driven. At the same time, a part of the scraped up lubricating oil becomes contained in the refrigerant introduced into the cup-shaped casing 13 from the suction port 30,
The refrigerant containing the lubricating oil is compressed by the drive of the scroll member and is discharged to the outside of the housing 10 from the discharge port 124.

The lubricating oil flowing through the cup-shaped casing is changed to flow in the direction of the front end plate 11 by a deflector formed on the inner surface of the cup-shaped casing 13, and then flows into the first lubricating oil passage 36 bored in the front end plate 11. be guided.

The lubricating oil led to the end of the first lubricating oil passage 36 opened on the inner surface of the front end plate 11 is sent to the seal pocket part 14 through the first passage, and the shaft seal in the seal pocket part 14 is Lubricate each part of the mechanism 19.

A portion of the lubricating oil in the seal pocket 14 passes through the gap in the radial bearing 15 that supports the main shaft 17 while providing lubrication, flows out into the gap between the inner surface of the front end plate 11 and the rotor 21, and then flows into the gap between the rotor 21 and the rotor 21. The thrust bearing 2 disposed between the inner surface of the front end plate 11 and the end face of the rotor 21 is
Return to the rotor housing space while lubricating the rotor.

Further, other lubricating oil in the seal pocket portion 14 flows out between the crank pin 23 and the movable scroll member 240 through a second lubricating oil passage 37 bored from the main shaft 17 to the end face of the crank pin 23, and then flows out between the crank pin 23 and the movable scroll member 240. pin 2
3, returns to the rotor housing space while lubricating the radial bearing 26 and thrust bearing 28 that support the movable scroll member 24.

Note that the refrigerant discharged from the housing 10 and returned to the housing 10 after circulating in the cooling circuit is removed from the rear cover 12.
The oil is introduced into the scroll member housing space of the cup-shaped casing 13 from the suction chamber 122 inside, but since the oil separation plate 34 is arranged to cover the suction port 30 that communicates with the scroll member housing space, Immediately before the suction refrigerant passes through the suction port 30, it hits the kernel oil separation plate 34 to separate the lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant.

The separated lubricating oil falls under its own weight and accumulates at the bottom of the rear cover 12, but the suction chamber 12 is located at the bottom of the end plate 131 formed integrally with the cup-shaped casing 13.
Since the oil passage hole 134 that communicates the lower part of the scroll member housing space with the lower part of the scroll member housing space of the cup-shaped casing 13 is drilled, the accumulated lubricating oil sequentially returns to the lower part of the scroll member housing space, and then lubricates the lower part of the scroll member housing space. The oil returns to the rotor housing space through the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the fixed rail 292 of the rotation prevention mechanism 29 and the inner peripheral surface of the cup-shaped casing 13.

Further, some lubricating oil returns to the rotor housing space through the gap between the protrusion and the recess formed in the rotation stopper slider 291 of the movable scroll member 24 of the rotation prevention mechanism 29 and the fixed rail 292.

By arranging the oil separation plate so as to cover the suction port in this way, a sufficient amount of oil necessary for lubrication of each driving part can be maintained.

In addition, the oil separation ability can be improved by forming protrusions on the surface of the oil separation plate, and by forming the suction refrigerant circuit in a labyrinth shape with multiple oil separation plates, the oil contained in the suction refrigerant can be improved. Separation function can be improved.

As described above, in the present invention, the compressor crank is composed of three parts: the front end plate, the cup-shaped casing, and the rear cover, so it is possible to change the shape of the rear cover and arrange it in the cup-shaped casing. The position and shape of the suction/discharge ports can be easily changed.

Note that the rear cover is formed separately from the cup-shaped casing, and the rear cover is attached to the outer surface of the end plate formed integrally with the cup-shaped casing, so that the suction chamber and scroll member housing space formed inside the rear cover are connected to the end plate. They will be separated by

That is, the end plate of the cup-shaped casing is arranged between the side plate of the fixed scroll member and the suction chamber, and a space is formed between the end plate and the side plate, so that the circular orbit movement of the movable scroll member is prevented. When refrigerant is taken into the compression chamber from two locations on the outer periphery of the refrigerant, it is separated by an oil separation plate installed in the suction chamber, and the lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the suction chamber is not directly sucked in, ensuring effective lubrication. You can also store oil at the bottom of the suction chamber.

Further, a first tube is formed surrounded by the side plate of the fixed scroll member, the inner side of the annular protrusion formed on the side plate, the inner surface of the end plate of the cup-shaped casing, and the annular protrusion provided on the inner surface.
Since the structure has a discharge chamber, the discharge gas passes through the first discharge chamber from the through hole, is then discharged from the discharge port formed in the end plate to the second discharge chamber, and is discharged from the discharge port to the outside of the housing. .

In other words, the discharged gas is not directly discharged from the first discharge chamber to the outside of the housing, but after passing through the discharge port and entering the second discharge chamber...Since it is discharged to the outside of the crank, it has a muffling effect and also reduces the noise of the discharged gas. It is possible to reduce the pulsation amplitude and prevent the generation of vibration and noise in the refrigerant circuit.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 a" to d are diagrams for explaining the compression principle of the scroll compressor according to the present invention, a to d are diagrams showing states at different angular positions, and Figure 2 is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line m-m in Figure 2, Figures 4 to 6 are parts constituting the anti-rotation mechanism, and Figure 4 is a scroll sectional view showing the structure of an example. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the inside of the rotation stopper slider, FIG. 6 is the fixing ring, and FIG. 7 is the inside of the carrier cover. 1.2... Spiral body; 3. ... Sealed space, 4 ... Discharge hole, 10 ... Housing, 11 ... Front end plate, 12 ...
...Rear cover, 13...Cup-shaped casing, 15, 26...Radial bearing, 17.
... Main shaft, 20 ... Electromagnetic clutch, 22
゜28... Thrust bearing, 23... Crank pin, 24.25... Scroll member,
27...flange body, 29...rotation prevention mechanism, 30...intake port, 31...discharge port, 34...oil separation Board.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A housing provided with a fluid suction boat and a fluid discharge port, a first housing disposed movably within the housing, and a first
A movable scroll member composed of a plate body and a first spiral body fixed on one surface of the plate body, the movable scroll member being arranged in such a manner that movement in the rotational direction is fixed within the housing, and a first spiral body fixed on one surface of the plate body. It is composed of a second plate body and a second spiral body fixed on one surface of the plate body, and the movable scroll member and both spiral bodies are offset by 180 degrees from each other, and the spiral body is sealed between the two spiral bodies. and a fixed scroll member that is overlapped with the side walls of the spiral body intermeshing with each other to form at least one pair of spaces. Fluid is taken in while forming a sealed space between the bodies, and as the movable scroll member moves, the sealed space is moved toward the center of the spiral body while its volume decreases, thereby In a positive displacement fluid compression device that performs a directional fluid compression action, the housing includes the movable and fixed scroll members, has an opening at one axial end closed by an integrally formed end plate, and closes the opening at one end in the axial direction. A cup-shaped casing in which a suction port, a discharge port, and an oil passage hole are bored in a face plate; a front end vent that closes the other end opening of the cup-shaped casing and supports a main shaft by a radial bearing; between the plate of the fixed scroll member and the end plate through a suction chamber and discharge port that are joined to the outer surface of the end plate and communicate with the scroll member housing space of the cup-shaped casing through the suction port of the end plate; The fixed scroll member has an annular projection protruding from the second plate body in the opposite direction to the second spiral body. A positive displacement fluid, characterized in that the first discharge chamber is formed by the second plate, the end plate, and the annular protrusion, and is fixed in the cup-shaped casing by being joined to the annular protrusion projecting from the face plate. Compression device. 2. The positive displacement fluid compression device according to claim 1, characterized in that an oil separation plate is attached to the outer surface of the end plate to cover the suction port formed in the end plate of the cup-shaped casing.