JPS5849715B2 - positive displacement fluid compression device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention involves a pair of spiral bodies being engaged with each other at different angles,
A positive displacement fluid compression device that applies relative circular motion (rotation interlock only) to move the closed space formed between both spirals toward the center, reducing the volume and discharging compressed fluid from the center. This relates to a so-called scroll compressor.

The principle of such a scroll compressor has been known for a long time.

Referring to FIG. 1, when two spiral winding bodies 1 and 2 are arranged at different angles and interlocked with each other, there is a contact area between both spiral winding bodies 1 and 2 as shown in the figure. A confined space 3 is formed extending from the contact portion.

One spiral body 1 is now placed in relation to the other spiral body 2 so that the center O' of one spiral body 1 revolves around the center O of the other spiral body 2 with a radius o-o'. When the spiral body 1 is moved while inhibiting its rotation, the volume of the limited space 3 gradually decreases.

From the state shown in FIG. 1a, the volume of the space 3 gradually increases with reference to FIG. It will be understood that this has been reduced to

At point a rotated by 360 degrees, both spaces move to the center and connect with each other, and as shown in FIG. 1 b, c, and d when moved further by 900 degrees, the space narrows and becomes almost zero at FIG. 1 d.

During this time, the outer space that began to open in Figure 1b moves from Figures 1c and d to Figure 1a, creating a sealed space that takes in new fluid.

Therefore, by providing sealed disc-shaped side plates at both axial ends of the spiral bodies 1 and 2, and providing a discharge port as shown in the figure 4 in the center of one side plate, it is possible to The fluid taken in outside is compressed and discharged from the discharge port 4.

The object of the present invention is to provide a preferable lubrication device for a scroll compressor based on the above principle.

According to the present invention, located on the inner wall surface of the rear end plate,
Since the oil separation plate is arranged to cover the passage of the refrigerant introduced from the suction port, a suction chamber is formed between the side plate of the scroll member located inside the cylindrical casing from the suction port and the inner surface of the rear end plate. The refrigerant introduced into
All the lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant is separated by the oil separation plate, and the lubricating oil accumulated in the lower part of the suction chamber is drained through the oil passage hole drilled at the lower part of the side plate of the scroll member and the anti-rotation mechanism. It returns to the crank chamber through the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the fixed rail and the inner wall surface of the cylindrical casing.

In addition, the lubricating oil in the crank chamber is scraped up by the rotor, flows on the inner surface of the casing along the wall surface in the same direction as the rotational direction of the rotor, and is changed in the flow direction by a deflector installed at the upper part of the inner surface of the casing. The oil is guided to a first oil passage bored in the front end plate.

The lubricating oil led to the first oil passage flows into the seal pocket through the first oil passage, and a part of the lubricating oil in the seal pocket is transferred to the radial bearing that supports the main shaft on the front end plate. The centrifugal force generated by the rotational movement of the rotor lubricates the thrust bearing disposed between the inner surface of the front end plate and the rotor end surface, and lubricates the thrust bearing inside the crank chamber. return.

In addition, the second oil passage, which penetrates from the main shaft to the end face of the crankpin, has a larger rotation radius of the opening on the end face of the crankpin than the radius of rotation of the opening facing the seal pocket. Due to the difference in force, negative pressure is generated in the opening facing the seal pocket, and the remainder of the lubricating oil that has flowed into the seal pocket passes through the second oil passage and enters the gap between the end face of the crank pin and the side plate of the scroll member. It flows out and then returns to the crank chamber after lubricating the radial bearing supporting the scroll member and the thrust bearing disposed between the flange body and the end face of the rotor.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to drawings showing embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a central cross-sectional view showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention, in which the housing 10 includes a front end plate 1 1
Cylindrical casing 11 integrally formed with a and side wall 1lb
and a rear end plate 12, and a suction port 121 and a discharge port 12 formed in the rear end plate 12.
2 communicates with the outside.

A main shaft 14 is attached to the front end plate 11a, which passes through the front end plate 11a and is rotatably supported thereon via a radial bearing 13.

The front end plate 11 surrounds the main shaft 14.
A seal pocket part 16 in which a shaft seal mechanism 17 is installed around the main shaft 14 is formed in the main shaft lead-out cylinder 15 that protrudes from the outer end surface of the part a, and the main shaft lead-out cylinder 15
An electromagnetic clutch 18 is supported by a bearing on the outside, and the electromagnetic clutch 18 is connected to the main shaft 14 by energization, and transmits rotational force from an external drive source to the main shaft 14 via a belt.

A rotor 19 is fixed to the inner end of the main shaft 14, and the rotor 19 is supported by a thrust bearing 20 provided concentrically with the main shaft 14 on the inner surface of the front end plate 11a.

The end face of the rotor 19 opposite to the front end plate N1a is provided with the main shaft 14 projecting from the rotor 19.
A shaft (crank pin) 21 is provided eccentrically from the shaft.

Reference numerals 22 and 23 denote a pair of scroll members disposed inside the cylindrical casing 11. The scroll member 22 has a spiral body 222 fixed on one side of a disk-shaped side plate 221, and a shaft on the opposite side. A protrusion 223 with a round hole in the direction is formed, and a radial bearing 2 is installed in the round hole in the axial direction of the protrusion 223.
4 is installed, and a crank pin 21 fitted with an eccentric pusher is fitted onto the inner diameter of the radial bearing 24, so that the scroll member 22 is supported by the bearing on the crank pin 21.

A flange body 25 having a radially expanding flange surface is fixed to the outer periphery of the protrusion 223 of the scroll member 22 by a key, and this flange surface is provided concentrically with the crank pin 21 on the opposite surface of the rotor 19. thrust bearing 2
7 is supported.

Therefore, due to the eccentric movement of the crank pin 21 due to the rotation of the main shaft 14, the scroll member 22 performs an eccentric movement together with the flange body 25.

That is, it moves on a circular orbit whose radius is the distance R between the main shaft 14 and the crank pin 21.

In order to prevent the scroll member 22 from rotating during the circular orbit movement of the scroll member 22, a rotation preventive member is installed on the inner surface of the cylindrical casing 11 between the disc-shaped side plate 221 of the scroll member 22 and the flange body 25. A mechanism 26 is provided.

Here, with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5, the rotation prevention mechanism 26
To explain, two concave portions 224 formed on the same line are provided on the end surface of the disc-shaped side plate 221 of the scroll member 22 on the side of the protrusion 223, and the flange surface of the flange body 25 and the disc-shaped side plate 221 are provided. A recessed portion 224 is located in the gap and at a position facing the two recessed portions 224.
The first
A rotation stopper slider 261 with a protrusion 261a formed therein.
Place.

Also, the first protrusion 261 of the rotation stopper slider 261
A second protrusion 261b is provided at a position opposite to the first protrusion 261a by 90°, and the second protrusion 261b is provided at a position opposite to the second protrusion 261b. A recessed portion 262 into which the second protrusion is fitted so that it can slide in a direction deviated by 90 degrees from the sliding direction of the first protrusion 261a.
A fixed rail 262 having a shape a is disposed between the flange surface and the anti-rotation slider 261, and the fixed rail 262 is fixed on the inner surface of the cylindrical casing 11.

In this way, the rotation stop slider 261 is allowed to move in two directions perpendicular to each other, but rotation is prohibited, so movement on a circular orbit is allowed as a combination of movement in two orthogonal directions.

Therefore, due to the eccentric movement of the crank pin 21 as the main shaft 14 rotates, the rotation stop slider 261, and hence the scroll member 22, do not rotate but move on a circular orbit.

The scroll member 23 has a spiral body 232 fixed on one surface of a disk-shaped side plate 231, and a spiral body 232 is fixed on one surface of a disk-shaped side plate 231.
A through hole 30 corresponding to the discharge hole shown in ) is provided, and an annular projection 233 is provided on the back surface of the disc-shaped side plate 231 so as to surround the through hole 30.

Further, the inner surface of the rear end plate 12 fixed to the end surface of the cylindrical casing 11 with bolts 35 has the side plate 2
An annular protrusion 123 having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the annular protrusion 233 from 31 is provided, the annular protrusion 233 of the side plate is keyed on the outer periphery, and the inside of the protrusion 123 is connected to the discharge port 12.
A discharge chamber 34 is connected to the discharge chamber 2.

Further, the outer edge of the tip of the projection 123 is cut off to form an annular recess 124, and the annular projection 233 of the scroll member 23 is cut off to form an annular recess 124.
An elastic body 28 is placed between the inside and the recess 124 to seal the space between them.

The sealed space formed on the outer periphery of the annular projection 233 of the side plate is a suction chamber 33 that communicates with the suction port, and is connected to the side inside the cylindrical casing 11 by a plurality of suction holes 29 formed on the side plate 231. It communicates with the crank chamber 11c separated by a face plate 231.

Further, a recess 234 is formed on the outer periphery of the side plate 231 of the scroll member 23, and a seal member 31 is disposed in the recess 234 to provide a seal between the inner surface of the side wall 11b and the side plate 231.

Furthermore, an oil passage hole 38 is bored in the lower part of the disc-shaped side plate 231 of the scroll member 23, which communicates the suction chamber 33 with the lower part of the crank chamber 11c.

Reference numeral 32 denotes an oil separation plate located within the suction chamber 33 and arranged to cover the suction chamber side opening of the suction port 121.

With the above configuration, when the main shaft 14 is rotated by an external drive source via the electromagnetic clutch 18, the scroll member 22 moves on a circular orbit due to the eccentric movement of the crank pin 21.

At this time, the rotation prevention mechanism 26 prevents the scroll member 22 from rotating, so the scroll member 21
acts on the scroll member 22 in the same manner as shown in FIG. Housing 10 from 122
It is discharged to the outside, circulates through, for example, a cooling system, and returns into the housing 10 through the suction port 121.

Here, to explain the flow of lubricating oil in the housing 10, the lubricating oil accumulated in the lower part of the crank chamber 11c in the cylindrical side wall 1Ib is scraped up by the rotor 19, which rotates at the same time as the main shaft 14 is driven. A part of the lubricating oil that has been scraped up flows along the rotational direction of the rotor 19 on the inner surface of the side wall 1lb.
The lubricating oil is contained in the refrigerant introduced into the crank chamber 11c from the suction chamber 33, and the refrigerant containing the lubricating oil is compressed by one drive of the scroll member and discharged from the discharge port 122 to the outside of the housing 1o.

The lubricating oil flowing on the inner surface of the side wall 11b is converted into a flow toward the front end plate 11a by a deflector formed at the upper part of the inner surface of the side wall 11b, and is guided to the first lubricating oil passage 36 bored in the front end plate 11a. It will be destroyed.

A first opening is provided on the inner surface of the front end plate 11a.
The lubricating oil led to the end of the lubricating oil passage 36 is sent to the seal pocket 16 through the first passage and lubricates each part of the shaft seal mechanism 17 within the seal pocket 16.

A portion of the lubricating oil in the seal pocket 16 passes through the gap of the radial bearing 13 that supports the main shaft 14, and lubricates the inner surface of the front end plate 11a and the rotor 19.
It flows out into the gap and then returns to the crank chamber 11c while lubricating the thrust bearing 20 disposed between the inner surface of the front end plate 11a and the end surface of the rotor 19 due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the rotor 19.

Further, the other lubricating oil in the seal pocket portion 16 flows out between the crank pin 21 and the scroll member 22 through a second lubricating oil passage 37 bored from the main shaft 14 to the end face of the crank pin 21, and then flows out between the crank pin 21 and the scroll member 22. Radial bearing 24 supporting scroll member 22 on pin 21
and the crank chamber 11c while lubricating the thrust bearing 27.
Go back inside.

Note that the refrigerant containing lubricating oil that is discharged from the housing 10, circulates in the cooling circuit, and returns to the housing 1o is
The oil flows into the suction chamber 33 from the suction port 121, but since an oil separation plate 32 is provided at the opening of the suction port 121 on the suction chamber 33 side to cover this, the oil flows into the suction chamber 33 immediately after the oil flows into the suction chamber 33. This will separate the lubricating oil contained.

The separated lubricating oil falls to the lower part of the suction chamber 33 due to its own weight and accumulates therein, but it passes through the oil passage hole 38 bored in the lower part of the disc-shaped side plate 231 of the scroll member 23 and reaches the scroll of the crank chamber 11c. It is guided into the component housing space.

The lubricating oil guided into the scroll member housing space passes through the gap between the outer circumferential surface of the fixed rail 262 of the rotation prevention mechanism 26 and the inner wall surface of the side wall 1lb of the cylindrical casing 11, and then sequentially enters the rotor housing space of the crank chamber 11c. I will be returning.

Furthermore, a gap within the rotation prevention mechanism 26 disposed between the scroll member 22 and the flange body 25 and the flange body 25
Some lubricating oil returns to the rotor housing space of the crank chamber 11c through the gap between the end surface 25a and the end surface of the fixed rail 262.

As described above, in the present invention, the lubricating oil contained in the refrigerant flowing into the housing is separated from the refrigerant in the middle of the suction circuit and returned to the crank chamber, so that the amount of oil required to lubricate each drive part is In addition, even if a large amount of lubricating oil leaks into the cooling circuit due to initial oil forming during drive, an appropriate amount of lubricating oil can be held after a short period of time.

The oil separation ability can be improved by forming protrusions on the surface of the oil separation plate, and the oil contained in the suction refrigerant can also be separated by forming a maze-like suction refrigerant circuit with a plurality of oil separation plates. Your abilities will improve.

Further, since the front end plate 11a and the side wall 11b are integrally formed and the main shaft 14 is supported only by the radial bearing 13 of the front end plate N1a, misalignment of the shaft center can be suppressed to a minimum.

Furthermore, since the rear end plate 12 is connected to the cylindrical casing 11, the rear end plate 12
2. The shape can be changed freely.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 a to d are diagrams for explaining the compression principle of the scroll compressor according to the present invention, and a to d are diagrams showing states at different angular positions, and Figure 2 is an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 3 to 5 show the components of the anti-rotation mechanism. Figure 3 shows the scroll member, Figure 4 shows the rotation stopper slider, and Figure 5 shows the fixing ring. .

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The first scroll member has a thinly wound body fixed on one side of the plate, and the second scroll member has a spirally wound body similarly fixed on one side of the plate, both spirally wound bodies being shifted by 180° from each other, and in a state in which the side walls of both spiral bodies are engaged and overlapped so that they are in contact with each other, the first scroll member is caused to revolve on a circular orbit to take in fluid while forming a closed space between both spiral bodies, In the positive displacement fluid compression device, the first scroll member moves around the space and performs a unidirectional fluid compression action by reducing the volume as the first scroll member moves. A cylindrical casing that includes a second scroll member and integrally forms a front end plate that supports a main shaft by a radial bearing, and a cylindrical casing that closes an opening at one end of the cylindrical casing;
A housing is constituted by a rear end plate in which a suction port and a discharge port are formed, and an oil separation plate is formed to cover the suction port opening formed on the inner wall side of the rear end plate, and a side plate of the second scroll member is formed. It is fixed on the annular projection protruding from the inner wall of the end plate,
A seal is formed between the outer periphery of the side plate and the inner wall of the cylindrical casing, and one or more suction ports and discharge ports are provided in the side plate of the second scroll member, and a suction chamber is provided in the lower part of the side plate. A positive displacement fluid compression device characterized by having an oil passage hole communicating with the crank chamber.