JPS5939682B2 - Structure construction displacement measuring device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention For example, when constructing a silo using the sliding foam method, it is required that the side walls of the silo are always extended vertically upwards when concrete is poured. This was checked by personnel who carried out periodic measurements using transits.

However, with this method, it is impossible to continuously detect the position of newly constructed parts, and moreover, this surveying takes a lot of time.

The present inventor invented a structure construction displacement measuring device that overcomes these difficulties, and filed a patent application on September 11, 1978 (Japanese Patent Application No. 115668-1972).
In order to selectively transmit the beam emitted from the beam transmitter, a rotation angle detection groove oriented in the radial direction and an Archimedean spiral curve shape in which the distance from the center increases proportionally as the center angle increases. However, since the angle of inclination of the radius detection groove with respect to the circumferential direction at a position away from the center of the rotation light shielding plate is small, the beam passes through the radius detection groove. The rotation angle range of the rotary light shielding plate that can be rotated is widened, and the radius detection accuracy is improved.

Furthermore, in the invention, since the beam position is displayed in polar coordinates, in order to display it in orthogonal coordinates, which are usually widely used,
Coordinate transformation had to be performed, and the calculation was troublesome.

The present invention relates to the invention of a structure construction displacement measurement device that eliminates such drawbacks, and the present invention relates to a structure construction displacement measuring device that eliminates such drawbacks. It consists of a transmitter and a beam receiver installed at a location close to the currently constructed part of the structure and always at a constant relative position to the transmitter, and the beam receiver consists of at least two beams that intersect with each other. at least one flat light shielding member provided with a linear slit and movable along a plane perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the beam; and a light condensing member disposed adjacent to and parallel to the flat light shielding member. , a sensor disposed at a focal position on the optical axis of the light condensing member on the opposite side of the beam transmitter across the light condensing member, and a movement measuring device for measuring the positional amount of the flat light shielding member. The object of this invention is to provide a device that can extremely easily and accurately measure the construction displacement of a structure continuously over the construction period.

As described above, the present invention fixes a beam transmitter at a location close to the construction start part of the structure so that the beam is transmitted along the construction direction of the structure, and fixes the beam transmitter at a location close to the currently constructed part of the structure. A beam receiver is provided at a constant relative position to the beam, and at least one sheet is provided with at least two linear slits that intersect each other and is movable along a plane perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the beam. a flat light-shielding member;
A light condensing member disposed adjacent to and parallel to the flat light shielding member, and a focal point on the optical axis of the light condensing member on the opposite side of the beam transmitter across the light condensing member. sensor and
Since the beam receiver is configured with a moving measuring instrument that measures the amount of movement of the flat light shielding member, when a beam is emitted from the beam transmitter, the beam is received by the receiver. In this case, when the flat light shielding member is moved,
When the flat light blocking member moves a certain distance, the beam that has been blocked until now passes through one of the plurality of slits, is refracted by the light condensing member, and reaches the sensor. arrival of the beam is detected at
The movement amount of the flat light shielding member is measured by the movement amount measuring device. Then, when the flat light shielding member is moved again, the beam passes through the remaining slits other than the slit through which the beam passed, and the amount of re-movement of the flat light shielding member is measured in the same manner as described above. In this way, in the present invention, the position of the beam is determined by the arrangement of the plurality of linear slits provided in the flat light shielding member and the amount of movement of the flat light shielding member necessary for the beam to pass through the slits. It can be immediately determined using Cartesian coordinates.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the beam receiver also moves in the same direction as the structure is gradually constructed along the construction direction, it is difficult to determine how much the newly constructed part is relative to the starting part. Lateral displacement is determined using orthogonal coordinates, and the construction displacement of the structure is continuously measured easily and accurately.

Further, in the present invention, by appropriately selecting the arrangement of the plurality of linear slits provided in the flat light shielding member, the measurement accuracy of construction displacement in a structure can be greatly improved.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since the plurality of slits provided in the flat light shielding member are straight, no matter which part of the flat light shielding member the beam is projected onto, the relative positional relationship between the slits and the beam is does not change, and the measurement accuracy is uniform. The present invention will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in Figs. 3 are integrally installed, and a laser light beam 4 is intermittently emitted from the laser emitter 3 in a vertically upward direction.

Further, a laser receiver 5 is integrally attached to a formwork (not shown) located on the extension of the laser beam 4 and existing at the top of the silo under construction.
As shown in FIG. 2, there is a case 6 whose inner surface has been subjected to a light-absorbing treatment, a pair of take-up rolls 7 that are pivoted in parallel to each other in a horizontal plane on both sides of the lower end of the case 6, and roll 7
A light-shielding film 8 with a diameter of about 30C7TL is attached integrally to the case 6 and positioned above the film 8 so that the optical axis is directed in the vertical direction. A convex Fresnel condenser plate 9, a diffuser plate 10 such as ground glass horizontally disposed at the focal point of the Fresnel condenser plate 9 (with a focal length of about 30 cm), and a diffuser plate 10, such as ground glass, disposed horizontally at the focal point position (focal length of about 30 cm) of the Fresnel condenser plate 9; 10cTn A photo sensor 11 disposed apart from above, a photo interrupter 12 disposed adjacent to the movement distance counting unevenness 17 of the light-shielding film 8, and either or both of the pair of winding rolls 7. It consists of a motor (not shown) connected to the motor.

As shown in FIG. 3, the light-shielding film 8 consists of a transparent light-transmitting part 13 and an opaque light-shielding part 14. An X-component detection groove 15 oriented in the Y direction, and a Y-component detection groove 1 oriented in a direction inclined at 45 degrees from one end of the detection groove 15.
Movement distance counting unevenness 17 is provided at equal intervals on one side edge of the light shielding part 14.

Furthermore, an amplifier 19 and a microcomputer 20 are built into a cabinet 18 that is integrated with the case 6 of the laser receiver 5.

The microcomputer 20 controls the rotation of the take-up roll 7 and the operation of the photointerrupter 12.
The position of the laser beam 4 can be calculated by receiving the amplified detection signal and the detection signal of the photointerrupter 12.

Since the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is configured as described above, most of the light shielding film 8 is wound on the left winding roll 7 before the detection operation starts. In addition, the Fresnel condenser plate 9 is covered by the right half of the light shielding part 14 shown in FIG. 3, and not only sunlight from the outside but also the laser beam 4 are shielded.

Since the laser emitter 3 is fixed, the laser beam 4 emitted from the laser emitter 3 is always emitted vertically upward.

Next, when a detection operation start signal is applied to the microcomputer 20, the light-shielding film 8 is wound around the right winding roll 7 and transferred to the right by the control signal of the microcomputer 20, and the X-component detection groove 15 approaches the left end of the Fresnel light condensing plate 9, the photointerrupter 1
2 starts operating, and the amount of movement of the light-shielding film 8 in the X direction is detected. The X-component detection groove 15 corresponds to the laser beam 4.
When the laser beam 4 enters the case 6, it is focused on the diffuser plate 10 by the Fresnel condenser plate 9.
The photosensor 11 is operated and its detection signal is transmitted to the amplifier 1.
9 to the microcomputer 20, and from the amount of movement in the X direction by the photointerrupter 12 at this moment, the X direction component X of the position where the laser light beam 4 is irradiated onto the laser receiver 5 is determined. Furthermore, light shielding film 8
is moved in the X direction, and when the Y component detection groove 16 intersects with the laser beam 4, the operation is similar to the X component detection described above, and the X component is detected from the point where the laser beam 4 passes through the Y component detection groove 16. The distance to the detection groove 15 is detected, and this distance matches the Y-direction component y of the position of the laser beam 4 irradiated to the laser receiver 5 (the angle formed by the grooves 15 and 16 is 4
5°), the y-component of the laser beam position can be determined from this distance.

Therefore, if the formwork of the concrete silo 1 under construction is accurately moved vertically upward, the laser receiver 5 integrated with it will not be displaced relative to the laser beam 4. , X, Y measured at predetermined intervals during construction
The values of the components remain constant. However, if the formwork moves diagonally and shifts even slightly in the horizontal direction, the microcomputer 20 calculates the horizontal shift as X and Y components in rectangular coordinates.

Furthermore, since the laser beam 4 is emitted intermittently and is focused by the Fresnel condenser plate 9 onto the diffuser plate 10 and then received by the photosensor 11, most of the disturbances are blocked and the S/N ratio is extremely high. , the displacement is measured accurately.

Furthermore, since the laser light beam 4 is diffused by the diffuser plate 10, even if the incident angle of the laser light beam 4 irradiated onto the diffuser plate 10 is large, depending on the relative positional relationship of the laser light beams 4, the photosensor 11 The irradiation of the laser beam 4 is reliably detected without being totally reflected.

Furthermore, since the laser emitter 3, laser receiver 5, and microcomputer 20 can be installed and activated during the entire construction period of the silo 1, the amount of horizontal movement of the sliding form can be automatically controlled for a predetermined period of time. If measurements can be taken every time or continuously, it will be possible to achieve significant labor savings, and appropriate countermeasures can be taken without delay.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is as described above.
Although the angle between the component detection groove 15 and the Y component detection groove 16 was set to 45 degrees, both grooves 15 and 16 were set as shown in FIG.
The intersection angle of θ may be set as appropriate. In this case, the distance from the point where the laser beam 4 passes through the Y component detection groove 16 to the X component detection groove 15 and the distance between the laser beam 4 and the Groove 1
Y direction component y shifted in the Y direction from the point where 5 and 16 intersect
What does y=′? Since the relationship FCOtθ is established, if this conversion is performed by the microcomputer 20, Y
The direction component y can be determined.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, if two Y-component detection grooves 16 are provided symmetrically with the direction of movement of the light-shielding film 8 as the axis of symmetry, the Y-direction component y can be measured twice; Accuracy and reliability are greatly improved.

Furthermore, if two X-component detection grooves 15 and two Y-component detection grooves 16 are provided symmetrically as shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to measure the X-direction component x and the Y-direction component y twice. This further improves measurement accuracy and reliability.

Furthermore, if two upper and lower sets of the take-up reroll 7 and the light shielding film 8 are provided with a predetermined interval 1 in between as shown in FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. The inclination angle α of the laser receiver 5 with respect to the vertical laser beam 4 can be determined from the X1, yl position components and the X2y2 position component of the laser beam 4 caused by the second light shielding film 8b.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the horizontal movement amounts X, y of the laser receiver 5 with respect to the laser beam 4 are
Not only can it be measured, but also its inclination angle α can be measured.

In the above embodiments, the present invention was applied to concrete silo construction using the sliding form method, but it can of course also be applied to tunnel construction using the shield method, vertical hole excavation work, and other various construction works. . Moreover, an ordinary convex lens can be used as the light condensing member instead of the Fresnel light condensing plate.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and that various design modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view illustrating an embodiment of the structure construction displacement measuring device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of the main part of the embodiment, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged development view of the main part. , FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment, FIGS. 5 and 6 are enlarged developed views of the main parts of still another embodiment, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of the main parts of still another embodiment. , FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the principle. 1... Concrete silo, 2...
Silo side foundation, 3... Laser emitter, 4.
... Laser light beam, 5 ... Laser receiver, 6 ... Case, 7 ... Winding roll, 8 ... Light shielding film, 9... Fresnel light condensing plate, 10... Diffusion plate, 11...
・Photo sensor, 12... Photo interrupter, 13... Light transmitting part, 14... Light shielding part,
15...X component detection groove, 16...Y component detection groove, 17...Movement distance counting unevenness, 18.
...cabinet, 19...multiplier, 2
0...Microcomputer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A beam transmitter fixed at a location close to the starting part of the structure so that the beam is transmitted along the construction direction of the structure, and a beam transmitter fixed at a location close to the currently constructed part of the structure at all times. The beam receiver is provided with at least two linear slits that intersect with each other and is movable along a plane perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the beam. a light-concentrating member disposed adjacent to and parallel to the flat light-shielding member; and a light-concentrating member disposed on the opposite side of the beam transmitter across the light-concentrating member. A structure construction displacement measuring device comprising: a sensor disposed at a focal point on an optical axis; and a movement amount measuring device for measuring the amount of movement of the flat light shielding member.