JPS5939243B2 - surface coated tool parts - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention has a coating layer that has excellent toughness and abrasion resistance and has strong adhesion to tool parts, and is particularly suitable for use in cutting and wear-resistant applications. The present invention relates to surface-coated tool parts.

It is generally known in the past that cutting and wear-resistant tool parts, for example, are manufactured from materials such as high-speed steel, die steel, and cemented carbide, and in order to further improve their properties, tungsten It is also well known to form a coating layer of one or two of (W) and tungsten carbide (hereinafter referred to as WC) on the surface of the tool part by chemical vapor deposition. The coating layer in the conventional surface-coated tool parts mentioned above is often 5.
Because it is relatively thin (less than 1 μm) and has an average crystal grain size of less than 1 μm, it has excellent toughness and wear resistance.

However, in recent years, there has been a tendency for the above-mentioned conventional surface-coated tool parts to require grinding of the coating layer in order to improve dimensional accuracy and re-grinding of the coating layer in order to reuse the tool parts. Reflecting this, the layer thickness is relatively thick, specifically, the layer thickness is 5 to 1000 μm, preferably 5Of.
There is a growing demand for surface-coated tool parts having a coating layer of tm or more.

However, in the conventional surface-coated tool parts having the above-mentioned relatively thin coating layer, when the coating layer is thickened to a layer thickness of 5 μm or more, the adhesion of the coating layer to the tool part decreases, and the coating layer In addition, it becomes impossible to suppress the average crystal grain size of the coating layer to 1 μm or less, resulting in deterioration of the toughness and wear resistance of the coating layer, making it impossible to put it into practical use. This is the current situation.

Therefore, from the above-mentioned point of view, the present inventors proposed that one or two types of W and WC be used in surface-coated tool parts.
Even if the thickness of the coating layer consisting of seeds is increased to 5 to 1000 μm for the purpose of improving dimensional accuracy and reuse,
In order to ensure that the coating layer has strong adhesion to the tool part and also has excellent toughness and wear resistance, research is being conducted to obtain a surface-coated tool part in which the coating layer has an average crystal grain size of 1 μm or less. As a result, (a) one of W and WC
Prior to forming a thick coating layer of 5 to 1000 μm consisting of a species or two species on the surface of a tool component, a Ni alloy containing 0.5 to 100 Itm0Ni: 10 to 99% by weight is interposed as an intermediate layer. and that the adhesion of the coating layer to the surface of the tool component becomes extremely strong.

(6) In a surface-coated tool component having a coating layer made of one or two of W and WC, one or two of fluorine and chlorine is added to the coating layer at 0.00.
When the content is 0.05 to 1 atomic %, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 atomic %, even if the thickness of the coating layer is as thick as 5 to 10,001 tm, crystal grain growth is suppressed and the average crystal grain size is 1 μm.
A coating layer having the following microstructure can be stably obtained, and as a result, the coating layer has excellent toughness and wear resistance.

Henceforth. The findings shown in J:I (a) and (b) were obtained.

This invention was made based on the above knowledge, and the reason for limiting the Ni content and thickness of the Ni alloy layer as the intermediate layer, as well as the fluorine and chlorine contents in the coating layer as described above, is as follows. Explain. (a) Ni content in the intermediate layer Whether the Ni content is less than 10% by weight or more than 99% by weight, the desired strong adhesion is ensured between the tool component surface and the coating layer. Based on the fact that it has been empirically confirmed that it cannot be used, the content was determined to be 10 to 99% by weight.

In this case, when forming a coating layer on the surface of the tool component via the Ni alloy intermediate layer, for example, by chemical vapor deposition, the surface of the tool component is heated, so that the components constituting the N1 alloy intermediate layer are heated. After diffusion to the tool part surface occurs and therefore the coating layer is formed, in the surface area of the surface-coated tool part, the concentration of the intermediate layer component decreases continuously toward the inside of the tool part. It has become something with a distribution.

(5) Layer thickness of intermediate layer If the layer thickness is less than 0.5 μm, the desired effect of improving adhesion cannot be obtained when forming a coating layer on the surface of tool parts, whereas if the layer thickness exceeds 100 μm, the use The thickness of the layer was determined to be 0.5 to 100 μm because deformation would easily occur within the layer, resulting in a decrease in dimensional accuracy during use of the surface-coated tool component.

In addition, it is preferable to set it as 5-50 micrometers desirably. (6)
When the content of fluorine and chlorine in the coating layer is less than 0.005 at%, the thickness of the coating layer is 5 to 100%.
If the thickness is 0 μm, the desired effect of suppressing grain growth cannot be obtained, and in many cases, the thickness is only 1 μm, albeit partially.
Regions with coarse crystal grains of 10 μm or more appear, and in the coating layer where such coarse grains exist, columnar crystals begin to form when the layer thickness becomes 10 μm or more. Therefore, the desired toughness and wear resistance cannot be secured.

On the other hand, if the content exceeds 1 atom%, in most cases, a layered region of concentrated fluorine and/or chlorine will appear in the coating layer, and this layered region will be brittle, and the layered region will be A coating layer having a region has a low adhesion strength as a whole, and therefore it is impossible to secure the desired toughness and wear resistance, so its content is reduced to 0.
．． The content was determined to be 0.005 to 1 atomic %. Further, in manufacturing the surface-coated tool component of the present invention, the Nl alloy layer as an intermediate layer can be formed by electric or electroless plating, chemical or physical vapor deposition, sputtering, etc. A coating layer consisting of one or two of W and WC containing one or two of fluorine and chlorine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 53, previously filed by the same applicant.
-59907 (Surface coated tool parts and manufacturing method thereof)
It can be formed by the method described in .

Next, the surface-coated tool component of the present invention will be explained using examples.

A tool part made of high speed steel (SKH-4) is inserted into a reaction vessel in which a 3 μM layer is formed on the surface using a physical vapor deposition method, and heat treated under the following conditions. After the reaction, residual gas in the reaction vessel A surface coated tool part of the present invention was produced by removing and cooling.

The resulting surface-coated tool part of the present invention has an average crystal grain size of 1 μm or less and contains W2C and W2C containing 0.1 atom% of chlorine through an intermediate layer of Ni alloy with a thickness of 10 μm.
The coating layer has a thickness of 30 μm and is made of tungsten carbide made of a mixture of
The composition of the boundary part of the alloy layer is 60(f)Ni-5%CO-
It consists of 29%Fe-5%w-1%Cr, and the boundary between the tool component surface and the Nl alloy layer is 10%Nl-14 (
! )CO55%Fe-16%W-4(f)Cr-1(f
) (weight 0!)).

Furthermore, when the fracture surface of the surface-coated tool component of the present invention was observed, there were no cracks at all between the coating layer and the intermediate layer, and between the intermediate layer and the surface of the tool component, confirming that the adhesive force was high. . In addition, for the purpose of comparison, the fracture surface of a comparative surface-coated tool part was observed in which a coating layer was directly formed on the surface of the tool part under the same conditions as in the above example without forming the intermediate layer made of the Nl alloy. It was observed that board-like clutter was partially present between the coating layer and the surface of the tool component.

Next, wet cutting tests were conducted on the above-mentioned surface-coated tool parts of the present invention and comparative surface-coated tool parts under the following conditions, and it was found that in the comparative surface-coated tool parts without an intermediate layer, the coating layer was removed within 2 minutes after the start of cutting. While peeling occurred,
In the surface-coated tool parts of the present invention, there was no occurrence of peeling or chipping in the coating layer, and extremely excellent cutting performance was exhibited.

Example 2 After forming a pure Ni layer with a layer thickness of 7 μm on the surface of a die steel (SKD-11) punch and a die steel by electroplating, the material was inserted into a reaction vessel and the reaction time was 4 hours. A mold and a punch as the surface-coated tool parts of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the surface-coated mold of the present invention) were manufactured by heat-treating and forming a coating layer under the same conditions as in Example 1 except for the following. did.

The surface-coated mold of the present invention obtained as a result is coated with an average crystal grain size of 1 μm through an intermediate layer of N1 alloy with a thickness of 30 μm.
m or less, the coating layer has a thickness of 30 μm and is made of tungsten carbide made of a mixture of W2C and WC containing 0.1 at% chlorine, and the boundary between the coating layer and the intermediate layer is , has a composition of 80%Ni-18%Fe-2%Cr, and the boundary between the intermediate layer and the mold surface is 1
0%Ni-79(fl)Fe-10%Cr-1%MO(
It had a composition of weight (f)).

On the other hand, for the purpose of comparison, heat treatment was performed under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the layer thickness of the pure Ni layer was increased to 15 μm.
The interface between the coating layer and the intermediate layer has a composition of 95%Nl-50I), and the interface between the mold and the intermediate layer has a composition of 10%Nl-79%Fe-10. %C
A comparative surface-coated mold having a composition consisting of r-1% MO (weight 01) was manufactured. Next, the surface-coated mold of the present invention and the comparative surface-coated mold were heated to a plate thickness of 0.5Trm.
When a silicon steel plate was subjected to a punching test, the comparative surface-coated mold suffered large plastic deformation and reached the end of its life after 200,000 shots, whereas the surface-coated mold of the present invention showed no wear even after 500,000 shots. The amount of plastic deformation was extremely small, and the product was in a state where it could be used for further use.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Ni: 0.005 to 1 atomic % of one or two of fluorine and chlorine through an intermediate layer of 0.5 to 100 μm layer thickness consisting of a Ni alloy containing 10 to 99% by weight of Ni.
Layer thickness consisting of one or two of tungsten and tungsten carbide contained: 5 to 1000 μm
The intermediate layer strengthens the adhesion between the tool part and the coating layer, and the intermediate layer strengthens the adhesion between the tool component and the coating layer. A surface-coated tool component characterized in that the average crystal grain size of the coating layer is 1 μm or less to improve toughness and wear resistance.