JPS5933637B2 - Coal liquefaction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for liquefying coal using a substance that facilitates coal liquefaction.

Conventionally known coal liquefaction methods generally involve adding hydrogen directly or indirectly to coal under heating and pressurization to liquefy it.

Such coal liquefaction methods include the solvolysis method, the solvent extraction method, and the direct hydrogenation method, but all of them have the disadvantage that they require a large amount of energy and are not economically profitable.

Incidentally, coal is composed of many constituent components, and when looked at by constituent constituent, it is composed of vegetable matter such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, resin, wax, protein, aliphatic compounds, and water.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention focused on the fact that coal is composed of vegetable matter, and wondered if it would be possible to use other plants to facilitate the liquefaction of coal.As a result of trying to liquefy coal using as many plants as possible, he found that It has been discovered that coal can be liquefied by stirring the coal with a distillate obtained from a plant of the same family, and the present invention has been accomplished based on this knowledge.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for liquefying coal, which involves stirring coal and distillate obtained from plants of the palm family to obtain a slurry-like substance, and extracting this slurry-like substance with a solvent. be.

Plants of the palm family used in the present invention include coconut palm, juro, taripot palm, birch, clog, phoenix,
It includes various palms such as date palm and nipa palm, and their fruits, flowers, leaves, stems, and fruit juices can be used alone or in combination, but from the viewpoint of yield, it is preferable to use the fruit alone.

This palm fruit is cut into small pieces, put into a carbonization apparatus, and heated to about 100°C to 500°C, preferably 120°C to
Heating externally to 500'C for about 90 minutes yields a cloudy distillate of complementary colors and black.

Note that if the heating temperature exceeds 500°C, the palm family plants will turn to ash, and if the heating temperature is lower than 100°C, it will not be possible to obtain a distillate.

When this distillate is left for about 5 minutes, it separates into two upper and lower phases due to the difference in specific gravity.

The top is a black vegetable oil containing fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and soap ingredients, and the bottom is a viscous opaque liquid of a complementary color.

The proportion of the product produced by carbonization is 20% vegetable oil.
, 60% opaque liquid of complementary color, and 20% residue such as ash.

Of the two separated phases, the lower opaque liquid of complementary color is extracted.

At that time, if there are impurities in the liquid, they are removed by filtration.

This complementary colored opaque liquid is the substance that facilitates coal liquefaction.

Also, coal liquefaction can be facilitated by using a liquid mixture of this complementary color liquid and vegetable oil.

If this complementary-colored opaque liquid is left at room temperature for about two weeks or more, it will ferment and emit a foul odor, but even this fermented liquid will help facilitate coal liquefaction.

The specific gravity of this complementary color opaque liquid is 1.0050,
The viscosity is 31 mm poise.

40 to 60 parts by weight of a substance that facilitates this coal liquefaction, and 1
Put 100 parts by weight of coal crushed to 0.00 mesh or less into a stirring pot, keep the temperature inside the pot at about 40℃ to 70℃,
When stirring is performed at a temperature higher than r, p, or m, the coal powder becomes a brownish slurry-like substance.

This slurry-like material is subjected to solvent extraction with an aromatic solvent such as benzene, toluene, or xylene or a polar organic solvent such as pyridine to obtain a dark brown extract containing the solvent.

The solvent is distilled off from the mixture of the extract and the solvent to obtain a coal liquid.

When Miike charcoal was used, the infrared absorption spectrum of this liquid coal appeared at almost the same location as the absorption spectrum of liquid coal obtained by the conventional hydrogenation method.

In addition, when the coal liquid obtained by the present invention corresponds to crude oil, it is considered that the molecular weight is small and corresponds to light crude oil or extra light crude oil.

Next, carbonization is performed to distill heavy oil from the residue after solvent extraction and to obtain solid fuel.

At this time, a single or a mixture of diatomaceous earth, acid clay, alumina, etc. is used as a catalyst, and when heated to about 600° C., heavy oil is distilled out and a coke-like solid fuel is obtained as a residue.

As described above, according to the present invention, coal liquefaction can be easily carried out, and the liquefaction cost can therefore be reduced, thereby opening up prospects for future coal liquefaction policies.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1 500 g of American palm fruit cut into 10 crfL squares was placed in a carbonization pot and carbonized.

When the temperature inside the pot was raised from 120°C to 500°C over 90 minutes, a turbid liquid with complementary colors and black was distilled out.

When this liquid is allowed to stand for 5 minutes, it separates into a black vegetable oil containing fats, saturated fatty acids, and soap ingredients, and a viscous, opaque liquid of a complementary color.

This viscous opaque liquid of complementary color has a specific gravity of 1.0
050. The viscosity is 31 mm poise.

Miike charcoal (bituminous coal; calorific value 7300
Industrial analysis value for thermal coal of kcal/kg: Moisture 1
．． 6%, ash 8.3%, volatile content 40%, fixed carbon 50.
Add 100 parts by weight of 1%) and heat to 50°C for 12 hours.
Stirring was carried out for 0 minutes to obtain a brownish slurry-like substance.

This slurry material is extracted using a Soxhlet fat extraction device (J
IS-ni-olol) shadow extraction was performed.

Using 1000 parts by weight of benzene as a solvent, extraction was performed for 420 minutes, resulting in 23 parts by weight of coal liquid.

Example 2 To 75 parts by weight of the viscous, complementary-colored, opaque liquid obtained in Example 1, Canadian coal (I
MC coal) (bituminous coal; calorific value 7240kcal/kg
thermal coal, industrial analysis values: moisture 2.3%, ash content 111%
, volatile content: 33.3%, fixed carbon: 53-3%) and stirred for 90 minutes while heating to 60°C to obtain a brownish slurry-like substance.

This slurry-like material was passed through an extraction device similar to that in Example 1, and 1000 parts by weight of toluene was used as a solvent.
As a result of the minute extraction, 26.5 parts by weight of coal liquid was obtained.

Example 3 10 parts by weight of distillate liquid before separation in Example 1
100 parts by weight of the Miike charcoal of Example 1, which had been ground to 0 mesh or less, was added and stirred for 120 minutes while heating to 70°C to obtain a brown slurry material.

This slurry material was subjected to solvent extraction using the same extraction device as in Example 1.

As a result of extraction for 420 minutes using 1000 parts by weight of benzene as a solvent, 25 parts by weight of coal liquid was obtained.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for liquefying coal, which comprises stirring coal and a distillate obtained from a plant of the palm family to obtain a slurry-like substance, and extracting this slurry-like substance with a solvent.