JPS5933379A - Breaking agent for brittle substance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the titled breaking agent consisting of a mixed powder obtained by mixing small amounts of hydroxycarboxylic acid (salt) and carbonate with quick lime and exhibiting an excellent effect even in the summer season. CONSTITUTION:The breaking agent comprises a mixed powder consisting of 100pts.wt. quick lime, 0.01-5pts.wt. hydroxycarboxylic acid or salt thereof (e.g. gluconic acid or sugar) and 0.05-5pts.wt. carbonate (e.g. Na2CO3) and is effective for breaking brittle substances (e.g. coal, concrete or brick). A proposal has been made on a method to drill a hole in a brittle substance, fill the hole with an aqueous slurry of quick lime and break the substance by utilizing its expansion force, but the hydration reaction of quick lime is too intense and the slurry often loses fluidity necessary for filling the hole and this phenomenon occurs more frequently in the summer season. Use of the mixed powder enables the agent to have an excellent breaking effect even in the summer season.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a crushing agent for crushing so-called brittle objects such as rocks, concrete, and bricks without using explosives.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a crushing agent for brittle objects consisting of a mixed powder of quicklime, an oxycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof, and a carbonate.

As a method for crushing these brittle objects, many proposals have been made in the past that utilize the expansion force caused by the hydration of quicklime. Specifically, this method involves drilling a hole in a brittle object, filling the hole with an aqueous slurry of quicklime, and using the expansion force to crush the brittle object, but in general, the hydration reaction of quicklime is very violent. When water is added to quicklime powder and stirred to obtain an aqueous slurry, heat is generated during mixing, the slurry becomes stiff, and it is not possible to maintain the fluidity required to fill the holes. These undesirable phenomena occur significantly in the summer when the temperature rises, that is, at high temperatures when the hydration reaction rate is high. Although these undesirable phenomena can be alleviated to some extent by increasing the amount of water added to the quicklime, in that case the hydration expansion pressure decreases, making it impossible to achieve the desired purpose.

However, even after the aqueous slurry of quicklime is filled into the holes, the hydration reaction of quicklime continues to progress, the internal temperature rises, and the reaction is further accelerated and finally reaches the boiling point. Slurry and water vapor may explode explosively from the opening of the hole, causing a so-called gunshot phenomenon, which can be dangerous. Because of these problems, it has been practically impossible to use quicklime itself as a crushing agent for brittle objects.

In order to improve these problems, several proposals have been made, such as using quicklime together with cement, or replacing quicklime with special clinker powder containing a large amount of quicklime, and some of them have already been put into practical use. There are some.

However, the above improvement method has the following problems.

That is, in the method using special clinker powder, the cost of special clinker is high, and it does not meet the current situation where this type of crushing agent is strongly required to be inexpensive compared to explosives. In the method of using quicklime together with cement, it is the quicklime that significantly expands in volume upon hydration that is responsible for generating the expansion pressure to crush brittle objects, and the cement is mainly used to prevent the flash phenomenon. Taking into consideration the inherent properties of quicklime, it is undesirable to contain a significant amount of components other than quicklime, as this will reduce the expansion pressure.

Therefore, the inventor of this invention conducted intensive research to develop a crushing agent for brittle objects that uses quicklime itself. As a result, a mixed powder consisting of quicklime and oxycarboxylic acid or its salts and carbonates can be used even in summer. The present invention was completed after discovering that it provides an excellent crushing agent for brittle objects that is sufficiently effective.

The mixed powder of the present invention is produced, for example, by adding 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of an oxycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof and 1 part by weight to 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of a carbonate to 100 parts by weight of quicklime and pulverizing the mixture. be able to.

Generally speaking, the fineness of the powder is high, that is, when the powder is ground relatively finely, the hydration reaction of the resulting mixed powder proceeds relatively easily, and water is added to the mixed powder to form an aqueous slurry. In this case, the time during which the material maintains fluidity enough to fill the holes drilled in the brittle object (hereinafter referred to as fluidity retention time) is shortened, and on the other hand, the powderiness is reduced, that is, it is ground relatively coarsely. Fortunately, the hydration reaction of the resulting mixed powder progresses relatively slowly, resulting in a longer fluidity retention time. However, even if the powder level is the same, the fluidity retention time will vary depending on the quality of the quicklime used as a raw material, or the type of oxycarboxylic acid, salt, carbonate, etc. Furthermore, the fluidity retention time also varies depending on the amount of water used in preparing the aqueous slurry, its temperature, and the outside temperature. As mentioned above, the effect of the mixed powder of this invention is influenced by various factors, so it is not necessarily appropriate to clearly limit its fineness, considering the nature of this invention. Roughly, for example 88=;! The appropriate powder level is such that the sieve residue is about 10 to 60 pieces.

The quicklime used in this invention is generally commercially available lump quicklime or, for example, 10m+III! Although it is possible to use coarsely crushed quicklime obtained by crushing it to about the same level as I, the effect of the present invention is particularly noticeable when the firing zone temperature of what is called hard calcined lime is 1,200 to 1,200 ℃. 4
Among the quicklime obtained at 00°C, the most preferable quicklime is one whose activity level is 200 me or less in 10 minutes according to the 100y method in the reference test method of the Japan Lime Association.

Examples of oxycarboxylic acids or their salts include gluconic acid, glucoheptonic acid, araponic acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, mucic acid, sugar acid, salicylic acid, and oxycarboxylic acids that can be converted into oxycarboxylic acids in the presence of water. lactones or their salts. Examples of the salts of these oxycarboxylic acids include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts and magnesium salts, ammonium salts, trimethylamine salts, triethylamine salts, jetanolamine salts, and triethylamine salts. Examples include organic salts such as ethanolamine salts. These oxycarboxylic acids or salts thereof may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the carbonate include alkali metal salts such as lithium salt, sodium salt, and potassium salt of carbonic acid and bicarbonate, and organic base salts such as triethylamine salt, jetanolamine salt, and triethanolamine salt. These carbonates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The amount of oxycarboxylic acid or its salt, and carbonate used in the present invention depends on the temperature at which the crushing agent is used, the properties and fineness of the quicklime used, and the total amount added to quicklime (the amount of oxycarboxylic acid or its salt and Since the amount of added acid (total amount of added acid of carbonate) and oxycarboxylic acid varies depending on the mixing ratio of the salt and carbonate, it is not necessarily appropriate to clearly limit the amount added, taking into account the nature of this invention.

Roughly speaking, the total addition level is 0.1 to 3 parts by weight when the crushing agent is used at a temperature of about 15 to 10°C, and 0.3 parts by weight when the crushing agent is used at a temperature of about 10 to 25°C, per 100 parts by weight of quicklime.
~5 parts, preferably 1 to 10 parts at about 25 to 40°C.

The ratio of oxycarboxylic acid or its salt to carbonate is 5/95 by weight of oxycarboxylic acid or its salt/carbonate.
From 9515 preferably the same pressure is 30/70 to 90/1
0, or preferably the same pressure is 50150 to 75/2
The range is 5.

The crushing agent for brittle objects of this invention is crushing agent 1 as described below.
The water-based slurry is used by adding 20 to 5 degrees of Seibarebu, but the fluidity retention time of the aqueous slurry has a great influence on workability.

=1- The crushing agent of the present invention described above has excellent performance in this respect, but depending on the work place, temperature, and other factors, it may be necessary to improve the fluidity of the crushing agent. Formalin condensates of melamine sulfonic acid, formalin condensates of melamine sulfonic acid, or regenenin sulfonic acid, or their alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts and magnesium salts, ammonium salts, and trimethylamines. Good results are often obtained by adding 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a fluidizing agent such as organic salts such as salt, triethylamine salt, jetanolamine salt, triethanolamine salt, etc. to 10 parts by weight of quicklime. These fluidizing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Also, when crushing lumpy or coarsely crushed quicklime, 1 quicklime 1
Add 0.1 to 5 parts of water to 00 parts of water,
More preferred crushing agents can be obtained by partially digesting quicklime. The water used here to partially digest the quicklime may be used alone, or it may be used as an aqueous solution or suspension of the above-mentioned oxycarboxylic acid, its salt, carbonate, or a fluidizing agent. can.

The specific embodiments of the method for producing a crushing agent for brittle objects according to the present invention are as follows.

1) Pulverize lump quicklime or coarsely crushed quicklime obtained by crushing it to a particle size of 10 mmfs, and add 0 oxycarboxylic acid or its salt to 100 parts by weight of this quicklime powder.
．． A 0.01 to 5-layer carbonate and a 0.05-55 to 5-layer carbonate are added and mixed to obtain the desired crushing agent mixed powder.

At this time, the fineness of the powdered quicklime is 880, and the sieve residue is 10 to 6.
Preferably it is 0%.

2) 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of oxycarboxylic acid or salt thereof and 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of carbonate per 100 parts by weight of lump quicklime or coarsely crushed quicklime obtained by crushing it to a particle size of 10 mm throughout. The mixture to which parts by weight have been added is crushed to obtain the intended crushing agent mixed powder.

At this time, it is preferable that the fineness of the mixed powder is 88 Hfitfti with a residual content of 10 to 60%.

3) Crush lump quicklime to a particle size that can fit through a 10 mm sieve, for example, and add 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a fluidizing agent and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the resulting coarsely crushed quicklime. Add an aqueous solution or aqueous suspension consisting of oxycarboxylic acid or its salt o, o i ~ 5 parts and carbonate 0.05 ~
5-layer Hayabe is added and crushed to obtain the intended crushing agent mixed powder.

At this time, the powder degree of the powdered quicklime is 88c, the residual content is 10~
Preferably it is 60%.

4) Crush the lump quicklime to a particle size of, for example, 10 VTM, and as a first step, add 100 parts by weight of the crushed quicklime to
Add an aqueous solution or aqueous suspension containing 0.1 to 5 parts of fluidized powder to 0.1 to 5 parts of water and grind to obtain a mixed powder. In the second step, oxycarboxylic acid or Add 0.01 to 5 parts of the salt and 0.05 to 5 parts of the carbonate and homogenize to obtain the desired powder.

At this time, the fineness of the mixed powder is such that the residue on the 88ζ sieve is 10 to 6
A value of 0% is ideal.

Add 20 to 50 parts by weight of water to 100 parts of the crushing agent for brittle objects produced by the above method and knead to obtain an aqueous slurry of the crushing agent.The slurry is injected into a hole drilled in the brittle object and left to stand. By doing so, the brittle object can be crushed using the expansion force of the slurry.

Here, the standing time after pouring the slurry is usually 10 to 24 hours.
This is approximately 1 hour, but this standing time is appropriately selected depending on the strength of the crushed object and the like.

Examples of crushed objects include rocks, concrete, and bricks.

The same effect can be obtained by dissolving the raw ash powder in water and adding raw ash powder to make an aqueous slurry.

In other words, the salt of oxidized carboxylic acid is 0 and O1.
~5 parts and carbonate 0.05~55~5 parts 20~
By dissolving it in 50 weight parts and adding 100 parts of quicklime powder to it to make a slurry, it is possible to prevent heat generation during kneading and maintain sufficient fluidity, and the slurry is injected into the hole drilled in the still brittle object. By leaving it for a while, brittle objects can be crushed.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.

In addition, in the examples, what is the performance of the crushing agent for brittle objects? l
r (The test was conducted using the following test method.

a) Measurement of expansion pressure JI8 03454 Carbon steel pipe for pressure piping 25 (A)
One end of the vibrator was cut into a length of 40 cm, welded to a steel plate, and then opened and stood vertically with the 71 part facing up. Paver strain gauges are attached to two locations on the outer circumference of the vibrator, and the crushing agent is mixed with specified water from the opening of the pipe, and the resulting aqueous slurry is filled to cool the outer wall of the vibrator while suppressing expansion static strain of the pipe. Measure and calculate the inflation pressure (kyf/cl
) was sought.

The expansion pressure necessary for use as a crushing agent for brittle objects according to the present invention varies depending on the type of brittle object, but is approximately 200 m
kyf/, 7 or more] 2 or more is desirable.

b) Measurement of fluidity retention time Using J-funnel for PC grout measurement of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, mix the crushing agent with specified water to make an aqueous slurry.
The required time (seconds) for 0 me to flow down the J-row 1.

Example 1 50 ky of 10 mm through-hole crushed quicklime obtained from hard-burned lump quicklime obtained at a firing zone temperature of 1,200 to 1,400°C was ground with a ball mill to a powder degree of 884.
It was ground so that the residue on the two sieves was 37%.

To 100 parts by weight of the obtained powder, add oxycarboxylic acid or its salt and carbonate in the proportions shown in Table 1,
Homogenize to obtain a crushing agent for brittle objects. The resulting crushing agent was kneaded with water at a ratio of 100 parts by weight of crushing agent to 30 parts by weight of the crushing agent, and the fluidity retention time and expansion pressure of the resulting aqueous slurry were measured in a 30'C (7) room. did.

The results are shown in Table 1.

- Example 2 10 rpm sieved whole phase crushed quicklime obtained from hard burnt lump quicklime obtained at a calcination zone temperature of 1.200 to 1.400°C
ky, per 100 parts of coarsely crushed quicklime, 0 sl-lium salt of formalin condensate of naphthalene sulfonic acid.
Sprinkle a solution mixed with 67 parts of water and 1 part of water and grind with a ball mill until the powder degree is 88'.
- It was ground so that the pfiI residue was 40%. Add oxycarboxylic acid or its salts and carbonates to the crushed quicklime in the proportions shown in Table 2 to the original coarsely crushed quicklime, homogenize it, and use it as a crushing agent for brittle objects. Obtained.

The resulting aqueous slurry was kneaded with water at a ratio of 10,000 parts by weight of the crushing agent to 30 parts by weight of water, and the 1'ifj and expansion pressure while maintaining fluidity of the obtained aqueous slurry were measured in a room at 35°C.

The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 3 Coarsely crushed quicklime 10 of the quicklime powder obtained in Example 2
Oxycarboxylic acids or their salts and carbonates were added in the proportions shown in Table 3 to 0 parts by weight and homogenized to obtain a crushing agent for brittle objects. The resulting crushing agent was kneaded with water at a ratio of 100 parts by weight of the crushing agent to 30 parts by weight of water, and the fluidity retention time and expansion pressure of the resulting aqueous slurry were measured in a room at 30°C.

The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Example 4 10 of the original coarsely crushed quicklime was added to the quicklime powder obtained in Example 2.
Oxycarboxylic acid or its salt and carbonate were added to 0 parts by weight in the proportions shown in Table 4 and homogenized to obtain a crushing agent for brittle objects. The obtained crushing agent was mixed with water at a ratio of 100 parts by weight of the crushing agent and 30 parts by weight of water, and the fluidity retention time and expansion pressure of the resulting aqueous slurry were measured in a room at 20°C.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Example 5 Add 1 part of the original coarsely crushed quicklime to the quicklime powder obtained in Example 2.
00 parts by weight of oxycarboxylic acid or its salts and carbonates in the proportions shown in Table 5, and 0.45 parts of sodium salt of Natsutamen sulfonic acid formalin condensate was added to each sample to make it homogenized. A crushing agent for brittle objects was obtained. The resulting crushing agent was mixed with 60 parts of water per 100 parts by weight of the crushing agent.
The fluidity retention time and expansion pressure of the aqueous slurry obtained by kneading parts by weight with water were determined at 1JlJ in a room at 5°C.

The results are shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Example 6 1 part by weight of sodium gluconate and 15 parts by weight of sodium carbonate are dissolved in 30 parts by weight of water. Parts by weight of quicklime powder HIO obtained in Example 2 were added thereto, and the fluidity retention time and expansion n· of the kneaded aqueous slurry were measured in a room at 30°C.

As a result, the fluidity retention time was 50 minutes, and the expansion pressure was 300 kyf.
/crl (12 hours after injection).

Example 7 Plain concrete specimen (1.5 x 1.5 x 1
．． 5771, tA age 30 days, compressive strength 295 ky
Nine holes (diameter 40 mm, depth 1300 mm) are drilled at equal intervals on the upper surface of the specimen (f/lyl, tensile strength 21 kg f shoulder).

Into this hole, crushing agent 1 having the formulation shown in Table 4 f7 of Example 4 was added.
An aqueous slurry obtained by kneading with water at a ratio of 30 parts by weight to 00 parts by weight was injected, and a crushing test was conducted at a temperature of 8 to 18°C.

Cracks appeared on the edges and sides of the upper surface of the specimen about 24 to 25 hours after pouring the aqueous slurry, and cracks appeared on the center of the upper surface about 30 hours later. The crack width increases over time, and after about 40 hours it is 40-50 mm at the sides and 70 mm at the ends.
The number reached 20 in the central area.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] it) 100 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of oxycarboxylic acid or its salt, and 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of carbonate.
A crushing agent for brittle objects consisting of a powder mixture with Chongbu. (2) A brittle body made of a mixed powder of 100 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of water, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of oxycarboxylic acid or its salt, and 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of carbonate. crushing agent. (3) A crushing agent for brittle objects consisting of 100 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of oxycarboxylic acid or its salt, 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of carbonate, and 20 to 50 parts by weight of water. (4) A crushing agent for brittle objects, which is obtained by adding 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a fluidizing agent according to claim 1, 2, or 3.