JPS5931710B2 - Display device set using magnetic force - Google Patents
Display device set using magnetic forceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5931710B2 JPS5931710B2 JP52079715A JP7971577A JPS5931710B2 JP S5931710 B2 JPS5931710 B2 JP S5931710B2 JP 52079715 A JP52079715 A JP 52079715A JP 7971577 A JP7971577 A JP 7971577A JP S5931710 B2 JPS5931710 B2 JP S5931710B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- display device
- dispersion liquid
- device set
- fine particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、磁気により鮮明な記録表示および消去ができ
る磁気パネルと、この磁気パネルに磁界を作用させる磁
気手段とを組合せてなる磁気力利用の表示装置セットに
関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a display device set that utilizes magnetic force, which is a combination of a magnetic panel that can clearly display and erase records using magnetism, and magnetic means that applies a magnetic field to the magnetic panel. be.
従来、このような表示装置セットとして、着色液体分散
媒中に磁性微粉末が分散された分散系に磁界を作用させ
ることにより、該分散系の色を変化させることを特徴と
する磁気パネルと、その磁界を作用させる磁気ペンが知
られている。Conventionally, such a display device set includes a magnetic panel that changes the color of a dispersion system in which magnetic fine powder is dispersed in a colored liquid dispersion medium by applying a magnetic field to the dispersion system; A magnetic pen that applies the magnetic field is known.
この表示装置セットは、染料または顔料で着色した分散
媒中に、分散媒と色の異なる磁性微粉末を分散させた分
散系に、磁気ペンの磁界を作用させて磁性微粉末を泳動
させることにより、泳動部分の磁性微粉末が分散媒に陰
ぺいされる程度を変えて分散系の色を変化させるもので
あるが、次のような大きな欠点がある。This display device set is made by applying the magnetic field of a magnetic pen to a dispersion system in which fine magnetic powder of a different color from the dispersion medium is dispersed in a dispersion medium colored with a dye or pigment to cause the magnetic fine powder to migrate. This method changes the color of the dispersion system by changing the extent to which the magnetic fine powder in the electrophoresis area is shaded by the dispersion medium, but it has the following major drawbacks.
すなわち、分散系を互いに向き合つた2枚の基板間に封
じこんで一方の基板上から磁気ペンで文字、模様を描い
て磁気力を作用させると分散系の磁性微粉末が磁極に吸
引されて、その通りの文字や模様が得られるが、磁性微
粉末の比重は分散媒の比重よりも極めて大きいので吸引
された磁性微粉末は時間と共にどんどん沈降するため長
時間その文字、模様を保持できない欠点がある。In other words, when a dispersed system is sealed between two substrates facing each other and a magnetic force is applied by drawing letters or patterns on one of the substrates with a magnetic pen, the magnetic fine powder in the dispersed system is attracted to the magnetic poles. However, the specific gravity of the magnetic fine powder is much higher than the specific gravity of the dispersion medium, so the attracted magnetic fine powder gradually settles over time, so the characters and patterns cannot be retained for a long time. There is.
また、磁気ペンにより磁気力を受けた磁性微粉末は、す
べて磁気ペンに吸引されるので、磁気ぺンから遠く離れ
て存在していた磁性微粉末まで吸い寄せられる結果とな
り、このために鮮明性に極めて欠けるぼけた文字、模様
しか得られない欠点もあつた。In addition, all the magnetic fine powder that has been subjected to the magnetic force by the magnetic pen is attracted to the magnetic pen, so even the magnetic fine powder that was far away from the magnetic pen is attracted, resulting in poor sharpness. There were also drawbacks in which only very blurred characters and patterns could be obtained.
磁性微粉末の沈降を防止するため、例えば磁性微粉末を
極く微細な粒子にするか、磁性微粉末に低比重の樹脂等
を多量コーテイングして磁性微粉末の見かけの比重を分
散媒の近くまで下げると、当然のことながら磁性微粉末
に働く磁気力が極度に減少するため、磁気ペンの磁極に
吸引され難くなり、したがつて濃い鮮明な文字、模様が
得られなくなるという致命的欠陥を生ずる。In order to prevent the magnetic fine powder from settling, for example, the magnetic fine powder may be made into extremely fine particles, or the magnetic fine powder may be coated with a large amount of low specific gravity resin, etc., so that the apparent specific gravity of the magnetic fine powder is lowered near the dispersion medium. If the magnetic powder is lowered to a lower temperature, the magnetic force acting on the magnetic fine powder will of course be extremely reduced, making it difficult to be attracted to the magnetic pole of the magnetic pen, resulting in the fatal defect that it will not be possible to obtain dark and clear characters and patterns. arise.
また、反対側の基板面から磁気力を作用させて描かれて
いる文字、模様を消去する際も、磁性微粉末が反対面の
磁極に吸引され難いので、きれいに消去することができ
ず、このような記録と消去をくり返しているうちに磁性
微粉末が分散系中を懸濁している状態となつて黒ずんで
くるため、文字、模様の記録表示、消去ができ難くなる
という欠点も生ずるので、これまで実用性のある磁気パ
ネルは得られなかつた。Also, when erasing characters and patterns drawn by applying magnetic force from the opposite side of the substrate, the fine magnetic powder is difficult to be attracted to the magnetic poles on the opposite side, so it is difficult to erase them neatly. As such recording and erasing is repeated, the magnetic fine powder becomes suspended in the dispersion system and darkens, making it difficult to record, display, and erase characters and patterns. Until now, a practical magnetic panel has not been available.
本発明は上記の諸欠点を完全に解決したすぐれた磁気力
利用の表示装置セツトを提供するものであり、(自)磁
性微粒子と分散媒と微粒子増稠剤と、所望により着色剤
とから成る降伏値5(!Yn?/Cd以上の塑性分散液
体を2枚の基板間に封入した磁気パネルと、(B)前記
塑性分散液体中の磁性微粒子に磁界を作用させる磁気手
段とを組合せてなる磁気力利用の表示装置セツトである
。The present invention provides an excellent display device set using magnetic force that completely solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and is composed of (auto)magnetic fine particles, a dispersion medium, a fine particle thickener, and optionally a coloring agent. It is a combination of a magnetic panel in which a plastic dispersion liquid having a yield value of 5 (!Yn?/Cd or more) is sealed between two substrates, and (B) a magnetic means for applying a magnetic field to magnetic fine particles in the plastic dispersion liquid. This is a display device set that uses magnetic force.
着色液体分散媒中に磁性微粉末を分散した分散系を使用
した磁気パネルは、前述したような致命的欠陥を有する
ものであるが、磁性微粒子または磁性微粒子と着色剤を
分散媒に分散した分散液体に微粒子増稠剤を添加して5
dyne/C77f以上の降伏値を有する塑性分散液体
を作り、これを用いて磁気パネルを作ると、全くぼけが
ない鮮明でコントラストの高い文字、模様の表示ができ
て、その表示は長時間安定に保持することができ、かつ
消去する際は、汚れを残さずきれいにその表示を消し去
れる磁気パネルが得られることを見出したのである。Magnetic panels that use a dispersion system in which magnetic fine powder is dispersed in a colored liquid dispersion medium have the fatal flaws mentioned above. Adding particulate thickener to the liquid 5
By creating a plastic dispersion liquid with a yield value of dyne/C77f or higher and using it to create a magnetic panel, it is possible to display clear, high-contrast characters and patterns without any blurring, and the display remains stable for a long time. They have discovered that a magnetic panel can be obtained that can be held and erased cleanly without leaving any stains.
すなわち、本発明は微粒子増稠剤を使用することにより
5dyn1cd以上の降伏値を与えた磁性微粒子分散液
体を用いることを最大の特長とするものである。That is, the greatest feature of the present invention is the use of a magnetic fine particle dispersion liquid that has a yield value of 5 dyn1 cd or more by using a fine particle thickener.
本発明者は磁性微粒子を分散した分散液体において分散
液体中の比重の大きい磁性微粒子を特定の位置に安定に
保持し、一定以上の磁気力を受けた時に始めて磁性微粒
子を一挙に動かすためには、単に分散液の粘度を調整し
たり分散安定剤や保護コロイドなどを使用したり、分散
媒と磁性微粒子の比重を同じにしても良い結果は得られ
ないこと、かかる良好な性能は分散液のある降伏値の範
囲においてのみ得られることを見出し、更に研究の結果
、微粒子増稠剤で降伏値5dyne7/Cd以上に調整
した分散液において良好な結果が得られることを明らか
にしたのである。The present inventor has discovered that in a dispersion liquid in which magnetic fine particles are dispersed, in order to stably hold the magnetic fine particles with a large specific gravity in a specific position in the dispersion liquid, and to move the magnetic fine particles all at once when they receive a magnetic force of a certain level or more, However, good results cannot be obtained simply by adjusting the viscosity of the dispersion, using dispersion stabilizers or protective colloids, or making the specific gravity of the dispersion medium and magnetic particles the same.Such good performance depends on the dispersion. They discovered that this can be achieved only within a certain range of yield values, and further research revealed that good results can be obtained in dispersions adjusted to a yield value of 5 dyne7/Cd or higher using a fine particle thickener.
この降伏値が5dyn9/Cdより小さい時は、不鮮明
な表示しか得られず、しかも磁性微粒子が急速に沈降す
るので誤読したり読めなかつたりするだけでなく経時後
は全く表示が消えてしまう。このような傾向は微粒子増
稠剤を添加しない降伏値0dyr1e/Cdの分散液体
を使用する時が最も甚だしく、微粒子増稠剤を添加して
降伏値が出始めると減少するが降伏値が51yne/C
d以上の分散液体にした時、始めて前述のような欠点の
ない好適な磁気パネルが得られる。When this yield value is smaller than 5 dyn9/Cd, only a vague display is obtained, and the magnetic particles rapidly settle, resulting in misreading or not being able to be read, and the display completely disappears after a period of time. This tendency is most severe when using a dispersion liquid with a yield value of 0 dyr1e/Cd without the addition of a particulate thickener, and decreases when a yield value starts to appear after adding a particulate thickener, but when the yield value is 51 yne/Cd. C
A suitable magnetic panel without the above-mentioned drawbacks can only be obtained when the dispersion liquid is made into a liquid having a particle diameter of d or more.
したがつて、本発明の塑性分散液体の降伏値は5小1ν
7d以上でなくてはならないのである。なお、本発明で
用いる[降伏値]とは、液体に応力を加えて、その液体
に流動(永久変形)を起こさせるに必要なその応力の限
界値(最低値)を指し、例えば縦軸を歪速度D、横軸を
応力Sとした第6図に示される液体の流動曲線において
:.A点で示される応力で表わされるものである。Therefore, the yield value of the plastic dispersion liquid of the present invention is 5<1ν
It must be 7d or higher. [Yield value] used in the present invention refers to the limit value (minimum value) of stress required to cause the liquid to flow (permanent deformation) by applying stress to the liquid. For example, if the vertical axis is In the liquid flow curve shown in FIG. 6, where the strain rate is D and the horizontal axis is the stress S:. It is expressed by the stress shown at point A.
本発明で用いる磁性微粒子は、黒色マグネタイト、γ−
ヘマタイト、二酸化クロム、フエライトなどの酸化物磁
性材料やコバルト、ニツケルなどの合金系の金属磁性材
料の微粒子やこれらの微粒子を造粒したものが使用でき
る。磁性微粒子の大きさは、直径10ミクロン以上がよ
い。直径10ミクロンより小さいと記録、消去に際して
、磁気手段による磁気力が働き難くなつてくるために、
磁性微粒子の泳動性が悪くなり、分散媒中を磁性微粒子
が懸濁している状態となつて磁気パネルが黒く汚れて見
えるようになる。なお、磁性微粒子の直径が10ミクロ
ンより小さくても分散液体中で磁性微粒子同志が凝集し
て見かけ上10ミクロン以上となつても好適な結果を与
えるようになる。磁性微粒子に樹脂溶液を練合し、これ
を乾燥した後粉砕するか、スプレーして乾燥するかなど
して、磁性微粒子同志を結合させて見かけ上、磁性微粒
子の大きさを一定の範囲の寸法にそろえて造粒すること
は泳動性と、表示の鮮明性を高めるので好ましい。ただ
し、造粒する場合に使用する樹脂の固型分量は磁性微粒
子の量に対して40重量パーセント以下であることが磁
気感応性の点から必要で、好ましくは30重量パーセン
ト以下であることが望ましく、このようにして作つた造
粒磁性微粒子も本発明では磁性微粒子と言う。分散媒は
水、グリコール類等の極性分散媒や、有機溶剤、油類等
の非極性分散媒のいずれでも用いることができる。The magnetic fine particles used in the present invention are black magnetite, γ-
Fine particles of oxide magnetic materials such as hematite, chromium dioxide, and ferrite, and alloy-based metal magnetic materials such as cobalt and nickel, and granulated products of these fine particles can be used. The size of the magnetic fine particles is preferably 10 microns or more in diameter. If the diameter is smaller than 10 microns, it becomes difficult for the magnetic force of the magnetic means to work during recording and erasing.
The electrophoretic properties of the magnetic particles deteriorate, and the magnetic particles become suspended in the dispersion medium, making the magnetic panel appear black and dirty. In addition, even if the diameter of the magnetic fine particles is smaller than 10 microns, the magnetic fine particles aggregate in the dispersion liquid and have an apparent diameter of 10 microns or more, yet a suitable result can be obtained. The magnetic particles are kneaded with a resin solution, dried and then pulverized, or sprayed and dried to bind the magnetic particles together and make the apparent size of the magnetic particles fall within a certain range. It is preferable to granulate the particles so that they are aligned in order to improve migration properties and display clarity. However, from the viewpoint of magnetic sensitivity, the solid content of the resin used for granulation must be 40% by weight or less based on the amount of magnetic fine particles, and preferably 30% by weight or less. The granulated magnetic fine particles produced in this manner are also referred to as magnetic fine particles in the present invention. The dispersion medium can be either a polar dispersion medium such as water or glycols, or a nonpolar dispersion medium such as an organic solvent or oil.
降伏値を出すために用いる微粒子増稠剤は、無水けい酸
、含水けい酸、含水けい酸カルシウム、含水けい酸アル
ミニウム、シリカ粉、けいそう土、有機ベントナイト等
の単独または混合物からなる微粉けい酸および微粉けい
酸塩、アルミナ、極微細炭酸カルシウム、軽微性炭酸カ
ルシウム、極微細活性化炭酸カルシウム、重質炭酸カル
シウム、含水塩基性炭酸マグネシウム、硫酸バリウム、
ベンチジンィエロ一などが挙げられ、これらの微粒子増
稠剤を単独または併用できる。The fine particle thickener used to obtain the yield value is fine powder silicic acid consisting of anhydrous silicic acid, hydrated silicic acid, hydrated calcium silicate, hydrated aluminum silicate, silica powder, diatomaceous earth, organic bentonite, etc., singly or in mixtures. and fine silicates, alumina, ultrafine calcium carbonate, minor calcium carbonate, ultrafine activated calcium carbonate, ground calcium carbonate, hydrous basic magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate,
These fine particle thickeners can be used alone or in combination.
使用量は分散媒や増稠剤の種類により多少変わるが大体
極性分散媒に対しては2%以上、非極性分散媒に対して
は0.5%以上の添加により5dyneCd以上の降伏
値を与えることができる。着色剤は、塑性分散液体に隠
ぺい性と色調を与えるためのもので、白色顔料、その他
の染料または顔料を使用することができる。塑性分散液
体に対し10%以下、好ましくは3%以下の着色剤の添
加により塑性分散液体と磁性微粒子とのコントラストを
高めることができ、その結果表示が鮮明に読めるように
なるので好適である。着色剤の量が多すぎると磁性微粉
末による表示が不鮮明になつて良くない。なお、微粒子
増稠剤自体が十分に隠ぺい性をもち、磁性微粒子とコン
トラストのある色調を有しているときは着色剤を別途に
添加する必要はない。塑性分散液体を封入する磁気パネ
ルの2枚の基板は、その間隔0.3〜20mm好ましく
は0.5〜2.0中の範囲がよい。The amount used varies somewhat depending on the type of dispersion medium and thickener, but in general, adding 2% or more for polar dispersion media and 0.5% or more for non-polar dispersion media will give a yield value of 5 dyneCd or more. be able to. The coloring agent is used to impart hiding properties and color tone to the plastic dispersion liquid, and white pigments, other dyes, or pigments can be used. It is preferable to add 10% or less, preferably 3% or less of a coloring agent to the plastic dispersion liquid, because it can increase the contrast between the plastic dispersion liquid and the magnetic fine particles, and as a result, the display can be clearly read. If the amount of colorant is too large, the display made of the magnetic fine powder will become unclear, which is not good. Note that when the fine particle thickener itself has sufficient hiding properties and has a color tone that contrasts with the magnetic fine particles, there is no need to separately add a coloring agent. The distance between the two substrates of the magnetic panel that encloses the plastic dispersion liquid is 0.3 to 20 mm, preferably 0.5 to 2.0 mm.
この範囲であるとコントラストの高い鮮明な表示が得ら
れ、かつきれいに消去できる。この場合、塑性分散液体
中の磁性微粒子の使用量は分散媒100部に対して20
部以上でなければならない。これ以下では、一方の基板
上から磁気手段で文字や模様を記録したとき、磁気ペン
によつて基板側に吸引された磁性微粒子が磁気手段で描
いた軌跡をすき間なくぎつしりとうめるだけの量に足り
ないので、表示が不連続で線切れの状態になつて非常に
劣つた磁気パネルしか得られない。2枚の基板の、記録
して得た表示を読みとる方の基板は透明のものが望まし
く、用途によつては半透明状のものも使用でき、各種の
プラスチツクスやガラスが用いられ、他方の面の基板は
必らずしも透明であることは不要であり、各種のプラス
チツクスやガラスや金属などを用いうる。Within this range, a clear display with high contrast can be obtained, and it can be erased cleanly. In this case, the amount of magnetic fine particles used in the plastic dispersion liquid is 20 parts per 100 parts of the dispersion medium.
must be at least 100%. Below this amount, when characters or patterns are recorded on one substrate using magnetic means, the amount of magnetic fine particles attracted to the substrate side by the magnetic pen is enough to tightly fill the trajectory drawn by the magnetic means without any gaps. As a result, the display becomes discontinuous and broken, resulting in a very inferior magnetic panel. Of the two substrates, it is desirable that the one on which the recorded display is read is transparent, but depending on the application, a translucent substrate can also be used, and various plastics and glasses can be used. The surface substrate does not necessarily need to be transparent, and various plastics, glass, metals, etc. can be used.
これらのプラスチツクスやガラスは着色してあつてもな
くても良い。また、2枚の基板間に封入した塑性分散液
体が流れ出さないようにすることが必要である。このた
めに、例えば2枚の基板間の周囲をセキ板で止めたり接
着剤でふさいだり、融着したりする。また、貫通した個
々の独立したセルを有する板の片面に基板を貼つた後、
各セル中に塑性分散液体を封入し、その後他面に基板を
貼つて磁気パネルを作るか、または貫通はしていないが
個々の独立したセルを有する板の各セル中に塑性分散液
体を封入した後、基板を貼つて磁気パネルを作ると、多
セル板を用いないときとくらべて更にコントラストが高
くて鮮明な表示が得られるようになりどんな取扱いを受
けても、長時間経時しても非常に安定したものとなる。
この場合のセルの形状は円でも多角形でも良いが、各セ
ルを個別に分けている隔壁は薄い程連続性のある良好な
表示が得られ、好ましくは0.5m7!L厚以下である
ことが望ましい。このようなセルを、例えば7セグメン
トまたはドツトマトリツクス状に配置することにより、
または所望の文字や図形パターン状に配置することによ
り、絵素部分を有する磁気パネルが作れる。磁気手段は
、永久磁石または電磁石よりなる磁気ペン、磁気ヘツド
、表面に永久磁石による図形、文字を設けた印字具、図
形、文字状に孔を穿設し、かつ磁気シールド効果をもつ
た磁性体シートと、前記孔を介して磁界を作用させる磁
石との組合せ、ワイヤー先端に磁石を有するドツトマト
リツクスワイヤ装置などが挙げられる。These plastics and glasses may be colored or uncolored. Furthermore, it is necessary to prevent the plastic dispersion liquid sealed between the two substrates from flowing out. For this purpose, for example, the periphery between the two substrates is fixed with a plate, sealed with adhesive, or fused. Also, after pasting the substrate on one side of the plate with individual independent cells penetrated,
A plastic dispersion liquid is sealed in each cell and then a substrate is attached to the other side to make a magnetic panel, or a plastic dispersion liquid is sealed in each cell of a plate that is not penetrated but has individual independent cells. After that, by pasting the substrate to make a magnetic panel, you will be able to get a clearer display with higher contrast than when you do not use a multi-cell board. It becomes very stable.
The shape of the cells in this case may be circular or polygonal, but the thinner the partition walls that separate each cell, the better the display with continuity can be obtained, preferably 0.5 m7! It is desirable that the thickness be less than or equal to L thickness. By arranging such cells, for example, in a 7 segment or dot matrix,
Alternatively, by arranging them in a desired character or graphic pattern, a magnetic panel having picture element parts can be made. Magnetic means include a magnetic pen made of a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, a magnetic head, a printing device with permanent magnet figures and letters on its surface, and a magnetic material with holes in the figures and letters and having a magnetic shielding effect. Examples include a combination of a sheet and a magnet that applies a magnetic field through the holes, and a dot matrix wire device having a magnet at the tip of the wire.
これらの表示装置セツトは、幼児玩具、教材、習字、各
種ゲーム、告知板セツト、または液体インキを用いない
で記録し水に対して全く安定な記録消去システムである
ことを利用した水中記録表示セツトとして広く応用する
ことができる。These display device sets can be used for children's toys, teaching materials, calligraphy, various games, notice board sets, or underwater record display sets that record without using liquid ink and utilize a record erasing system that is completely stable against water. It can be widely applied as
次に、本発明を図面について説明する。第1図の表示装
置セツトは、0.1關厚の透明なポリエステルフイルム
の表面基板1と裏面基板2とを1.3中の間隔で配置し
、その間に塑性分散液体3を入れ、周囲をセキ板4で封
じ込んで磁気パネル5を形成し、これに先端に永久磁石
6を設けた磁気ペン7を組合せたものである。このよう
にした磁気パネル5の裏面基板2の表面を、永久磁石ま
たは電磁石の消去用磁石で走査し、塑性分散液体3に磁
界を作用させ裏面基板2側に磁性微粒子を引き付けてお
いた後、永久磁石6を表面基板1の表面にあてて磁気ペ
ン7を移動させると、裏面基板2側に引き付けられてい
た塑性分散液体3中の磁性微粒子が磁気ペン7により吸
着されて表面基板1側に移動するので塑性分散液体3に
コントラストを生じ表示が形成される。前記操作をくり
返すことにより磁気パネル5への記録表示、消去は何度
でも行なうことができる。なお、磁気ペン7の永久磁石
6は可撓性磁石を含む。この可撓性磁石を筆の穂先の形
状に成型するか、またはシートにして筒状に丸め、その
先端を表面基板1の表面に押し当てると毛筆の筆跡と同
様な筆跡を得る磁気ペンとすることができる。第2図の
表示装置セツトは、磁気パネル8に磁気ヘツド9を組合
せたもので、磁気パネル8は裏面基板10と、それに独
立したセルを形作る隔壁11とが一体になつている点が
磁気パネル5と異なる。Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. In the display device set shown in FIG. 1, a front substrate 1 and a back substrate 2 made of a transparent polyester film with a thickness of 0.1 mm are arranged at an interval of 1.3 mm, a plastic dispersion liquid 3 is placed between them, and the surroundings are A magnetic panel 5 is formed by enclosing a separator plate 4, and a magnetic pen 7 having a permanent magnet 6 at the tip is combined therewith. The surface of the back substrate 2 of the magnetic panel 5 thus constructed is scanned with an erasing magnet such as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and a magnetic field is applied to the plastic dispersion liquid 3 to attract magnetic fine particles to the back substrate 2 side. When the permanent magnet 6 is applied to the surface of the front substrate 1 and the magnetic pen 7 is moved, the magnetic fine particles in the plastic dispersion liquid 3 that were attracted to the back substrate 2 side are attracted by the magnetic pen 7 and moved to the front substrate 1 side. As it moves, a contrast is created in the plastic dispersion liquid 3 and a display is formed. By repeating the above operations, recording, displaying, and erasing on the magnetic panel 5 can be performed any number of times. Note that the permanent magnet 6 of the magnetic pen 7 includes a flexible magnet. This flexible magnet is molded into the shape of the tip of a brush, or rolled into a sheet into a cylinder shape, and when the tip is pressed against the surface of the front substrate 1, a magnetic pen is created that produces handwriting similar to that of a brush. be able to. The display device set shown in FIG. 2 is a combination of a magnetic panel 8 and a magnetic head 9. The magnetic panel 8 has a back substrate 10 and partition walls 11 that form independent cells. Different from 5.
このようにして組合せた磁気パネル8と磁気ヘツド9は
前記実施例と同様に操作すると表示が形成される。第3
図の表示装置セツトは、磁気パネル12と、表面に永久
磁石13による図形、文字を設けた印字具14を組合せ
たものである。The thus assembled magnetic panel 8 and magnetic head 9 are operated in the same manner as in the previous embodiment to form a display. Third
The display device set shown in the figure is a combination of a magnetic panel 12 and a printing tool 14 having figures and characters formed by a permanent magnet 13 on its surface.
磁気パネル12は表面基板1と裏面基板2との間におの
おのが独立した4mm平方のセルを貫通した1.3mm
厚の多セル板15を設けた点が磁気パネル5,8と異な
る。このようにして作つた磁気パネル12に、磁気パネ
ル5,8と同様にして操作して裏面基板2側に磁性微粒
子を引き付けておいた後、印字具14の永久磁石13を
表面基板1表面に押し当てると、裏面基板2側に引きつ
けられていた塑性分散液体3中の磁性微粒子が永久磁石
13に吸着表面基板1側に移動し、永久磁石13に対応
した図形、文字の表示が形成される。第4図の表示装置
セツトは、磁気パネル1と、図形、文字状に孔16を穿
設し、かつ磁気シールド効果をもつた磁性体シート17
と、平板状の永久磁石18とを組合せたものである。The magnetic panel 12 has a 1.3 mm diameter that passes through independent 4 mm square cells between the front substrate 1 and the back substrate 2.
This differs from the magnetic panels 5 and 8 in that a thick multi-cell plate 15 is provided. After attracting magnetic fine particles to the back substrate 2 side of the magnetic panel 12 produced in this manner in the same manner as the magnetic panels 5 and 8, the permanent magnet 13 of the printing tool 14 is attached to the surface of the front substrate 1. When pressed, the magnetic fine particles in the plastic dispersion liquid 3 that had been attracted to the back substrate 2 side are attracted to the permanent magnet 13 and move to the front substrate 1 side, forming a display of figures and characters corresponding to the permanent magnet 13. . The display device set shown in FIG. 4 includes a magnetic panel 1, a magnetic sheet 17 having holes 16 in the shape of figures and letters, and having a magnetic shielding effect.
and a flat permanent magnet 18.
磁気パネル1の裏面基板2側に磁性微粒子を引き付けて
おいた後、磁性体シート17を表面基板1の表面に置き
、次いで永久磁石18を磁性体シート17の孔16に押
し当てると、裏面基板2側に引き付けられていた塑性分
散液体3中の磁性微粒子が永久磁石18に吸着されて表
面基板1側に移動し、図形、文字状の孔16に対応する
表示が形成される。この場合、永久磁石18の代りに電
磁石を用いることもできる。第5図の表示装置セツトは
、磁気パネル19とドツトマトリツクスワイヤ装置20
とを組合せたものである。After attracting magnetic fine particles to the back substrate 2 side of the magnetic panel 1, the magnetic sheet 17 is placed on the surface of the front substrate 1, and then the permanent magnet 18 is pressed against the hole 16 of the magnetic sheet 17. The magnetic fine particles in the plastic dispersion liquid 3, which had been attracted to the 2 side, are attracted to the permanent magnet 18 and move to the front substrate 1 side, and a display corresponding to the hole 16 in the shape of a figure or a letter is formed. In this case, an electromagnet may be used instead of the permanent magnet 18. The display device set in FIG. 5 includes a magnetic panel 19 and a dot matrix wire device 20.
It is a combination of
磁気パネル19は裏面基板21の周縁部を表面基板1に
接着し、表面基板1と裏面基板21との間に多セル板1
5を設けた点が、磁気パネル5,8,12と異なる。ド
ツトマトリツクスワイヤ装置20は、先端に永久磁石2
2を有する複数のワイヤ23と、永久磁石22をドツト
マトリツクス状に配置し、かつワイヤ23を出没自在に
保持するヘツド24と、ワイヤ23の出没を個別に制御
する制御部25とからなる。このようにして作つた磁気
パネル19の表面基板1を永久磁石または電磁石の消去
磁石で走査して、塑性分散液体3に磁界を作用させ、表
面基板1側に磁性微粒子を引き付けておいた後、ドツト
マトリツクスワイヤ装置20のワイヤ23を所望の文字
、図形状に突出させてワイヤ23の磁石22を裏面基板
21に押し当てると表面基板1側に引き付けられていた
塑性分散液体3中の磁性微粒子が磁石22に吸着されて
裏面基板2側に移動するので、塑性分散液体にコントラ
ストを生じ表示が形成される。次に、本発明の塑性分散
液体の配合例を示す。The magnetic panel 19 has the peripheral edge of the back substrate 21 adhered to the front substrate 1, and the multi-cell plate 1 is placed between the front substrate 1 and the back substrate 21.
This magnetic panel differs from the magnetic panels 5, 8, and 12 in that 5 is provided. The dot matrix wire device 20 has a permanent magnet 2 at the tip.
2, a head 24 which has permanent magnets 22 arranged in a dot matrix and holds the wires 23 so as to be freely retractable, and a control section 25 which individually controls the retraction and retraction of the wires 23. After scanning the surface substrate 1 of the magnetic panel 19 thus produced with an erasing magnet such as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet to apply a magnetic field to the plastic dispersion liquid 3 and attracting the magnetic fine particles to the surface substrate 1 side, When the wire 23 of the dot matrix wire device 20 is projected in a desired character or figure shape and the magnet 22 of the wire 23 is pressed against the back substrate 21, the magnetic fine particles in the plastic dispersion liquid 3 that have been attracted to the front substrate 1 side are removed. is attracted by the magnet 22 and moves toward the back substrate 2, creating a contrast in the plastic dispersion liquid and forming a display. Next, a blending example of the plastic dispersion liquid of the present invention will be shown.
配合例 1アイソパ一M(米国、エツソ化学社製のイソ
パラフイン溶剤)98部、アエロジル200(日本エア
ロジル(株)製の微粉末けい酸)1.25部、およびタ
ィペークCR−50(石原産業(株)製の酸化チタン)
1部をT.K.ホモミキサ(特殊機化工業(株)製の湿
式分散機)で練合し、白色の液体となした。Formulation Example 1 98 parts of Isopa-1M (isoparaffin solvent manufactured by Etsuo Chemical Co., USA), 1.25 parts of Aerosil 200 (fine powder silicic acid manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), and Typeque CR-50 (Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) (Titanium oxide manufactured by Co., Ltd.)
One copy to T. K. The mixture was mixed with a homomixer (wet dispersion machine manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to form a white liquid.
トダカラ一KN−320(戸田工業(株)製のマグネタ
イ(へ)40部とエポトートYD−017(東部化成(
株)製の固形エポキシ樹脂)の40%メチルエチルケト
ン溶液25部を練合し、これを乾燥、粉砕分散して10
0〜325メツシユの黒色の磁性微粒子30部を得た。
この磁性微粒子を前記白色の液体に混合分散して塑性分
散液体を得た。配合例 2アエロジル200を1.5部
用いる以外は配合例1と全く同じようにした。40 parts of Todakara Ichi KN-320 (manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and Epototo YD-017 (manufactured by Tobu Kasei Co., Ltd.).
25 parts of a 40% methyl ethyl ketone solution of solid epoxy resin (manufactured by Co., Ltd.) was kneaded, dried, pulverized, and dispersed to give 10
30 parts of black magnetic fine particles having a mesh size of 0 to 325 were obtained.
The magnetic fine particles were mixed and dispersed in the white liquid to obtain a plastic dispersion liquid. Formulation Example 2 The same procedure as Formulation Example 1 was carried out except that 1.5 parts of Aerosil 200 was used.
配合例 3
アエロジル200を1.75部用いる以外は、配合例1
と全く同じようにした。Formulation example 3 Formulation example 1 except for using 1.75 parts of Aerosil 200
I did exactly the same thing.
配合例 4
アエロジル200を2.0部用いる以外は、配合例1と
全く同じようにした。Formulation Example 4 The same procedure as Formulation Example 1 was carried out except that 2.0 parts of Aerosil 200 was used.
配合例 5
アエロジル200を4.0部用いる以外は実施例1と全
く同じようにした。Formulation Example 5 The same procedure as Example 1 was carried out except that 4.0 parts of Aerosil 200 was used.
配合例 6
アイソパM85部とベンチジンイエロ一15部をT.K
.ホモミキサで練合した後、これに配合例1で使用した
と同じ磁性微粒子30部を混合分散して塑性分散液体を
得た。Combination example 6 85 parts of Isopa M and 15 parts of Benzidine Yellow were mixed with T. K
.. After kneading with a homomixer, 30 parts of the same magnetic fine particles as used in Formulation Example 1 were mixed and dispersed thereto to obtain a plastic dispersion liquid.
配合例 7
ミネラルスピリツト100部、シルネツクスP52(水
沢化学工業(株)製の微粉末ケイ酸)6部、タイペーク
CR−50(石原産業(株)製の酸化チタン)1部をT
.K.ホモミキサで練合して白色の液体を得た。Blend Example 7 100 parts of mineral spirits, 6 parts of Silnetx P52 (fine powder silicic acid manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), and 1 part of Taipeiku CR-50 (titanium oxide manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) were added to T.
.. K. A white liquid was obtained by kneading with a homomixer.
次に、MRM−400(戸田工業(株)製のγヘマタイ
ト)24部とゴーセノールGM一14(日本合成化学工
業(株)製のポリビニルアルコール)の20%水溶液3
0部を三本ロールで練合し、乾燥、粉砕を行い、100
〜250メツシユの褐色の磁性微粒子23部を得た。こ
の磁性微粒子を前記の白色の液体に混合、分散して塑性
分散液体を得た。配合例 8
ミネラルスピリツト100部、アルミニウムオキサイド
C(日本アエロジル(株)製の酸化アルミ)3部、タイ
ペークR−550(石原産業(株)製の酸化チタン)1
部、セイカフアーストエロ一2200(大日精化工業(
株)製の黄色顔料)0.1部をT.K.ホモミキサで練
合した後、これに実施例1で使用したと同じ磁性微粒子
30部を混合分散して塑性分散液体を得た。Next, 3 parts of a 20% aqueous solution of 24 parts of MRM-400 (gamma hematite manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and Gohsenol GM-14 (polyvinyl alcohol manufactured by Nippon Gosei Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
Knead 0 parts with three rolls, dry and crush, and make 100 parts.
23 parts of brown magnetic fine particles of ~250 meshes were obtained. The magnetic fine particles were mixed and dispersed in the white liquid to obtain a plastic dispersion liquid. Blend example 8 100 parts of mineral spirits, 3 parts of aluminum oxide C (aluminum oxide manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), 1 part of Taipeiku R-550 (titanium oxide manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.)
Department, Seika First Erotic 1 2200 (Dainichisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
0.1 part of yellow pigment manufactured by T. K. After kneading with a homomixer, 30 parts of the same magnetic fine particles as used in Example 1 were mixed and dispersed thereto to obtain a plastic dispersion liquid.
配合例 9
トルエン100部、エスベン((株)豊順洋行製の有機
ベントナイト)3部、タイペークCR−501部、Al
lOレツド(大日精化工業(株)製の赤色顔料)0.2
部をT.K.ホモミキサで練合した後、これに100〜
325メツシユのステンレス粉40部を混合分散して塑
性分散液体を得た。Formulation example 9 100 parts of toluene, 3 parts of Esben (organic bentonite manufactured by Hojun Yoko Co., Ltd.), 1 part of Taipei CR-50, Al
1O Red (red pigment manufactured by Dainichiseika Kagyo Co., Ltd.) 0.2
The part is T. K. After kneading with a homomixer, add 100~
A plastic dispersion liquid was obtained by mixing and dispersing 40 parts of 325 mesh stainless steel powder.
配合例 10水50部、エチレングリコール50部、ア
エロジル20010部、タイペークイエロ一TY一50
(石原産業(株)製の黄色顔料)2.5部を容器内で攪
拌棒を用いよく練合して黄色の液体を得た。Combination example 10 50 parts of water, 50 parts of ethylene glycol, 10 parts of Aerosil 200, 50 parts of Typeque Yellow TY-1
(Yellow pigment manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 2.5 parts were thoroughly kneaded in a container using a stirring rod to obtain a yellow liquid.
次にMRMB−450(戸田工業(株)製のマグネタイ
ト)30部とアクリペツトK−001(三菱レイヨン(
株)製のメタクリル樹脂)の20%トルエン溶液40部
を三本ロールで練合し、乾燥、粉砕して100〜250
メツシユの黒色磁性微粒子25部を得た。この磁性微粒
子を前記の黄色液体に混合、分散して塑性分散液体を得
た。配合例 11
水100部、アエロジル20010部、タイペークR−
5501部を容器内で攪拌棒により練合して白色の液体
を得た。Next, 30 parts of MRMB-450 (magnetite manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and Acrypet K-001 (Mitsubishi Rayon
40 parts of a 20% toluene solution of methacrylic resin (manufactured by Co., Ltd.) was kneaded with three rolls, dried, and pulverized to a powder of 100 to 250.
25 parts of mesh black magnetic fine particles were obtained. The magnetic fine particles were mixed and dispersed in the yellow liquid to obtain a plastic dispersion liquid. Formulation example 11 100 parts of water, 10 parts of Aerosil 200, Taipeiku R-
5501 parts were kneaded in a container using a stirring rod to obtain a white liquid.
次にステンレス粉(100〜325メツシユ)36部、
タィペークR−5509部、AllOレツド3部にエポ
トートYD−014(東部化成(株)製の固型エポキシ
樹脂)の40%メチルエチルケトン溶液15部を練合し
、乾燥、粉砕して100〜325メツシユの赤色磁性微
粒子35部を得た。この磁性微粒子を前記の白色液体に
混合、分散して塑性分散液体を得た。配合例 12
アイソパ一MlOO部、軽質炭酸カルシウム14部、タ
イペークCR−501部をT.K.ホモミキサで練合し
た後、これに配合例1で使用したと同じ磁性微粒子30
部を混合、分散して、塑性分散液体を得た。Next, 36 parts of stainless steel powder (100-325 mesh),
15 parts of a 40% methyl ethyl ketone solution of Epotote YD-014 (a solid epoxy resin manufactured by Tobu Kasei Co., Ltd.) was mixed with 9 parts of Typeque R-550 and 3 parts of AllO Red, dried, and crushed to form 100 to 325 meshes. 35 parts of red magnetic fine particles were obtained. The magnetic fine particles were mixed and dispersed in the white liquid to obtain a plastic dispersion liquid. Formulation Example 12 One part of Isopa MlOO, 14 parts of light calcium carbonate, and 1 part of Taipaque CR-50 were added to T.I. K. After kneading with a homomixer, add the same magnetic fine particles 30 as used in Formulation Example 1 to this.
The components were mixed and dispersed to obtain a plastic dispersion liquid.
次に、以上の配合例により塑性分散液体を調整した磁気
パネルと、磁気手段とを組合せた試験結果を次表に示す
。Next, the following table shows the results of a test in which a magnetic panel in which a plastic dispersion liquid was prepared according to the above formulation example was combined with a magnetic means.
なお、磁気手段としては磁気ペンを用いた。各試験項目
は次のようにして試験を行なつた。Note that a magnetic pen was used as the magnetic means. Each test item was tested as follows.
(1)分散液の降伏値本発明において降伏値の測定はブ
ルツクフイールド型BL粘度計(東京計器(株)製)に
よる直接法で行ないその方法は次のようである。(1) Yield value of dispersion In the present invention, the yield value is measured by a direct method using a Bruckfield type BL viscometer (manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd.), and the method is as follows.
粘度計のローターを塑性分散液体中に浸漬し、口ーター
を回転させずに塑性分散液体のみをローターの周りを0
.2r.m.p.の非常におそい速度で回転させるとロ
ーターのバネもねじれてローターと塑性分散液体とが一
諸に回転するが、ローターが或る角度までねじれると遂
に塑性分散液体とローター間ですベリが起こり始める。
この時のローターのねじれ角目盛を測定し、このねじれ
角目盛とローターのバネのねじれ常数およびローターの
形状、面積から降伏値を換算する。その換算式は次のよ
うである。但し、θは測定したローターのねじれ角目盛
である。The rotor of the viscometer is immersed in the plastic dispersion liquid, and only the plastic dispersion liquid is passed around the rotor without rotating the rotor.
.. 2r. m. p. When the rotor is rotated at a very slow speed, the spring of the rotor is also twisted, causing the rotor and the plastic dispersion liquid to rotate together, but when the rotor is twisted to a certain angle, burrs begin to occur between the plastic dispersion liquid and the rotor.
At this time, the torsion angle scale of the rotor is measured, and the yield value is calculated from this torsion angle scale, the torsion constant of the rotor spring, and the shape and area of the rotor. The conversion formula is as follows. However, θ is the scale of the measured rotor torsion angle.
(2)表示の鮮明性
JISC25O2MPB38O相当の永久磁石(寸法2
.0×2.0×3mm、着磁方向3n方向)を用いて、
記録速度25(V7l/ Secで記録した時の表示を
目視観察する。(2) Display clarity Permanent magnet equivalent to JISC25O2MPB38O (dimensions 2
.. 0 x 2.0 x 3 mm, magnetization direction 3n direction),
Visually observe the display when recording at a recording speed of 25 (V7l/Sec).
(3)表示とバツクグランドとのコントラストパネル全
体の色(バツクグランド)と(2)の表示の鮮明性と同
様な方法で記録した表示との明度差を目視観察する。(3) Contrast between display and background Visually observe the difference in brightness between the color of the entire panel (background) and the display recorded in the same manner as the clarity of display in (2).
(4)表示の保持性
パネルに充分な磁界を作用させて記録を行ない、静止状
態で放置しておき一定時間後に磁性粒子の沈降度合を目
視観察する。(4) Display retention A sufficient magnetic field is applied to the panel to perform recording, the panel is left stationary, and the degree of sedimentation of the magnetic particles is visually observed after a certain period of time.
同様に記録したパネルに振動(毎秒1回、振幅200m
?n)を手で加えた時の磁性粒子の沈降度合を目視観察
する。(5)磁性粒子の泳動性
パネルに作用させる磁界を変化させて記録した表示の濃
度(泳動してきた磁性粒子の量)を目視観察する。Vibration (once per second, amplitude 200 m) was recorded on the panel in the same way.
? Visually observe the degree of sedimentation of the magnetic particles when n) is added by hand. (5) Migration of magnetic particles The magnetic field applied to the panel is varied and the recorded density (amount of electrophoresed magnetic particles) is visually observed.
以上の結果から明らかなように5φMw’Cd以上の降
伏値を有する分散液体を封入して作つた本発明の磁気パ
ネルと磁気ペンは、いずれの試験項目でもすぐれた性能
を示し、極めて有用なものであつた。As is clear from the above results, the magnetic panel and magnetic pen of the present invention, which are made by filling a dispersion liquid with a yield value of 5φMw'Cd or more, exhibit excellent performance in all test items and are extremely useful. It was hot.
なお、前記B型粘度計による直接法により測定した、配
合例6〜12の塑性分散液体の降伏値( Dyne/C
wL)を次表に示す。In addition, the yield value (Dyne/C
wL) is shown in the following table.
第1図〜第5図は本発明の磁気力利用の表示装置セツト
の各実施例を示す説明図である。
第6図は磁気パネルの降伏値を説明する歪速度と応力の
関係図である。3・・・・・・塑性分散液体、5,8,
12,19・・・・・・磁気パネル、7,14,IT,
18,20・・・・・・印字手段。1 to 5 are explanatory diagrams showing each embodiment of a display device set using magnetic force according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between strain rate and stress to explain the yield value of a magnetic panel. 3...Plastic dispersion liquid, 5, 8,
12, 19... Magnetic panel, 7, 14, IT,
18, 20... Printing means.
Claims (1)
により着色剤とからなる降伏値5dyne/cm^2以
上の塑性分散液体を2枚の基板間に封入した磁気パネル
と、(B)前記塑性分散液体中の磁性微粒子に磁界を作
用させる磁気手段とを組合せてなる磁気力利用の表示装
置セット。 2 磁気手段が、磁気ペンである特許請求の範囲第1項
記載の磁気力利用の表示装置セット。 3 磁気手段が、磁気ヘッドである特許請求の範囲第1
項記載の磁気力利用の表示装置セット。 4 磁気手段が、表面に永久磁石による図形、文字を設
けた印字具である特許請求の範囲第1項記載の磁気力利
用の表示装置セット。 5 磁気手段が、図形、文字状に孔を穿設し、かつ磁気
シールド効果をもつた磁性体シートと、永久磁石とから
なる特許請求の範囲第1項記載の磁気力利用の表示装置
セット。 6 磁気手段が、ワイヤー先端に磁石を有するドットマ
トリックスワイヤ装置である特許請求の範囲第1項記載
の磁気力利用の表示装置セット。[Scope of Claims] 1 (A) A plastic dispersion liquid having a yield value of 5 dyne/cm^2 or more consisting of magnetic fine particles, a dispersion medium, a fine particle thickener, and optionally a colorant is sealed between two substrates. A display device set using magnetic force, which is a combination of a magnetic panel and (B) magnetic means for applying a magnetic field to magnetic fine particles in the plastic dispersion liquid. 2. A display device set using magnetic force according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic means is a magnetic pen. 3 Claim 1 in which the magnetic means is a magnetic head
A display device set using magnetic force as described in Section 1. 4. A display device set using magnetic force according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic means is a printing device having permanent magnet figures and characters on its surface. 5. A display device set using magnetic force according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic means comprises a magnetic sheet having holes in the shape of figures or letters and having a magnetic shielding effect, and a permanent magnet. 6. A display device set using magnetic force according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic means is a dot matrix wire device having a magnet at the tip of the wire.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP52079715A JPS5931710B2 (en) | 1977-07-04 | 1977-07-04 | Display device set using magnetic force |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP52079715A JPS5931710B2 (en) | 1977-07-04 | 1977-07-04 | Display device set using magnetic force |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5414193A JPS5414193A (en) | 1979-02-02 |
JPS5931710B2 true JPS5931710B2 (en) | 1984-08-03 |
Family
ID=13697892
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP52079715A Expired JPS5931710B2 (en) | 1977-07-04 | 1977-07-04 | Display device set using magnetic force |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5931710B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6281306U (en) * | 1985-11-09 | 1987-05-25 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5788155U (en) * | 1980-11-18 | 1982-05-31 | ||
NO153277C (en) * | 1983-11-11 | 1986-02-19 | Inst Energiteknik | PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR AA BRING BODIES SUBMITTED INTO FLUID TO AA THEN REGULAR STRUCTURAL PATTERNS. |
JPH07101334B2 (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1995-11-01 | 株式会社パイロット | Electromagnetic drive circuit for magnetic panel |
US5851644A (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1998-12-22 | Loctite (Ireland) Limited | Films and coatings having anisotropic conductive pathways therein |
JP4026696B2 (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2007-12-26 | パイロットインキ株式会社 | Magnetic display device |
JP4796539B2 (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2011-10-19 | 株式会社キングジム | Stylus pen |
-
1977
- 1977-07-04 JP JP52079715A patent/JPS5931710B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6281306U (en) * | 1985-11-09 | 1987-05-25 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5414193A (en) | 1979-02-02 |
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