JPS5924911A - Method and apparatus for cutting - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit cutting in high efficiency by using both of the turning method for cutting a turning workpiece and the milling method for cutting a fixed workpiece with a number of rotary blades, when a metal material such as round bar, pipe etc. is cut. CONSTITUTION:When a pipe is cut, a cut part is formed by the thickness of the pipe by revolving a saw, and then a work is revolved slowly, and the pipe is cut. In this case, the milling process is adopted, and a cutting region has a length corresponding to a width (a). While, when cut is carriedout with a saw having chips 2 arranged on the inner periphery of a dougnut-shaped substratun 1, the cutting region is the circular part corresponding to a width (b), and the cutting region increases. That is, cutting of workpiece is more efficient by use of a doughnut-shaped inner peripheral saw than by use of a round saw.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Various cutting machines are used in cutting metal materials such as round bars and pipes, but the most typical cutting method is the one using a parting tool. A turning method in which cutting is performed on a rotating workpiece, a milling method in which the workpiece is fixed and the cutting is performed using a rotating multi-blade circular saw, a grinding method using a grindstone that also rotates at high speed, and a fusing method using gas, plasma, etc. etc. When considered from the perspective of speedy work, good cutting precision and roughness, low running costs, efficiency, and easy disposal of chips, none of the above methods is ideal. It's hard to say for sure. In terms of tool life, the turning method has the shortest tool life after the grinding method, and the milling method follows this, but with the milling method, it is very troublesome to re-sharpen tools when they are worn out, and in the case of carbide tools, it is very troublesome. High cost and poor maintenance. This is because each method has some defects, such as the fusing method cannot be applied to thick workpieces, and the roughness of the cut is poor, making it impossible to use for finishing cutting.

The present invention relates to a high-performance cutting machine that uses a cutting method that uses both a turning method and a milling method to eliminate the aforementioned defects to a large extent, and is particularly suitable for use in the cutting section of large-scale production equipment such as pipes. It is possible to demonstrate its characteristics.

A detailed explanation will be given below based on examples.

Cutting speed is the key to making cutting work more efficient.
Under the same conditions such as the number of teeth of the tool, the cutting area (the length from the entrance side of the blade to the exit side when the blade cuts into the workpiece) is increased, and the blade performs work within the cutting area. The goal is to increase the number. For example, consider cutting pipes, etc. using a sotarun or cold saw.

During the work, the saw is rotated to make a cut equal to the thickness of the pipe, and then the workpiece is gently rotated to complete the cutting work on the pipe.

(In this case, milling method). The cutting area in this case is the length of the arc corresponding to the middle α shown in FIG. In this case, the cutting area is extremely short. In comparison, when cutting is performed using a saw with tips 2 arranged around the inner periphery of a donut-shaped substrate l, when a cut is made for the same wall thickness, the cutting area has a width bK, a roaring arc, and h. , the cutting area increases. In other words, a Rido large-shaped internal saw blade is more efficient at cutting workpieces with a circular cross section than a circular saw, and the cutting work can be done quickly, so a donut-shaped internal saw blade is used. The purpose of the present invention is to cut a workpiece having a circular cross section. However, during use, it is very difficult to sharpen the cutter provided on the inner periphery. In this sense, in the present invention, no tip is used for brazing, and the tip 2 is an implantable type, so that when it wears out, it is replaced without repolishing. (In an implantable chip, its upper and lower surfaces are not parallel, and the cutting edge side is a dog. The opposite side is narrow and tapered, and the narrow end has a contact surface that restricts the coming and going of the blade. It is fixed by driving it into the similar hole provided with a mallet, and can be freely extracted using a special tool.This type of chip is commercially available as a parting tool for turning. When the chip 2 is driven into the slit 4, the upper part of the hole on the substrate side bends within the elastic limit, and the chip 2
This is a flexing space to withstand shocks during work and hold the base plate, and a blank space to prevent distortion from occurring when the entire donut-shaped base plate is driven with a large number of chips. 5 is the mounting hole for attaching the cutting machine (arrow (a) in the first figure)
is the direction of rotation of the workpiece (b) is the direction of rotation of the saw (
c) is the direction in which the saw is fed. Figure 2 is an enlarged view of section E in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a view taken from arrow A in Figure 2. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a cutting machine for cutting long workpieces using a donut-shaped inner peripheral saw blade.

The main shaft 61/(is a timing bell with a donut-shaped inner peripheral saw blade attached by the mounting bolt 7).Power is transmitted from the GVC to the pulley 9, and the main! l! ItI6 and pulley 9 are wedged together by a key and rotate in the direction of arrow (b).

The workpiece 10 is gripped by a chuck 12 fastened to two pairs of chuck shafts 11, power is transmitted by a timing belt 13, and the chuck shafts 11 and pulley 14 are wedged with a key.
gh and rotating in the direction of the arrow (a). saw head 1
5 has a slide 16 that can move in a direction perpendicular to the main shaft 6, and cuts the work 10 from the outer periphery of the slurry with a donut-shaped saw blade. If the target is small, or vice versa, it will be similar to a turning method and the cutting area will be a dog. In the former case, the chips are shredded, and in the latter case, long chips are produced, making it difficult to dispose of the chips. In this way, determining the ratio of rotation between the VC saw blade and the workpiece is very delicate in determining the maximum efficiency. Depending on the content of the work, cutting may not be the main purpose but creating circumferential grooves, and in most cases it is desirable to use a cutting method that reduces the thickness evenly, like peeling off a thin skin. In this sense, if the work is carried out using the so-called combination method of milling and turning, in which the ratio of the number of revolutions of the ball shaft to the number of revolutions of one node is between 1/1 and 1/3, it is possible to achieve high efficiency and to reduce the amount of chips. This also makes processing easier. Moving slide 1
By providing a dog on the 6 side and a limit switch on the machine frame 17 or fixed slide 18 side, the cutting limit and return limit positions can be set.

The push rod 19 is connected to a device whose pushing and returning speeds can be varied. When the cutting operation is completed, the movable slide 16 returns to the origin CK in Figure 1, the chuck 12 on the right side unclamps, and the cut workpiece is sent out in the direction of the arrow (E) by the rotation of the carry-out drive roller 20 in the direction of the arrow (). , then the left chuck 12 is unclamped, and the carry-in roller 21+
The workpiece is carried in the direction of the arrow (e) by rotation in the direction of the arrow (f), and the workpiece 10 is clamped by the left and right chucks 12 and cutting begins.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a cutting machine for cutting short workpieces.

The procedure for cutting is almost the same as that described in Fig. 4, but the inner circumference of the main shaft 6 is enlarged so that the jaws 22 of the chuck 12 protrude close to the saw blade, and a cantilever method is used, and the cut workpiece is rotated. Inside, it pivots and falls in the direction of arrow (G) using the receiving plate 23 as a fulcrum.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing the relative position of the tip remover device 24 attached to the donut-shaped inner peripheral saw blade during rotation work.

In order to perform cutting and forming efficiently, it is necessary to completely remove the chips that have adhered to the scooping surface of the tip 2 and inside the arcuate groove 3, and avoid damage to the tip 2 or the feed of the saw blade. This forces them to reduce their speed. In this sense, this chip remover device is indispensable, especially for the internal saw blade method.

Figure 7 shows the saw head 15 and the attached chip remover device 2.
4, a gear 25 is provided on the main shaft 6, a shaft 27 is supported on the saw head machine frame 26, a bevel gear 28 is wedged at one end, and a pinion 29 is fixed to the other end for free phase change. The flange 30 of the machine shaft 27 to be obtained and the pinion 2 of the shaft &im insertion
A brake shoe 31 is provided between the sides of the brake shoe 31 and is tightened with a nut 33 through a washer 32 to mesh with the gear 25, and a bevel gear with a slit (rotor) 34 is meshed with the bevel gear 28.
C. The camshaft 35 is fixed to the case 36 so that it can freely rotate, and the slit 37 of the camshaft has a bushing 38.
is inserted, the protrusion 39 is fitted into the groove cam 40, the cover body 41 prevents floating, and the rotation of the main shaft in the direction of the arrow (b) is controlled by the gear 2.
5 Turn the pinion 29 and the shaft 27 in the direction of arrow (A),
When the slitted bevel gear (rotor) 34 is rotated in the direction of the arrow by the bevel gear 28, the tips of the pushers 38 that protrude due to this rotation are arranged in accordance with the saw blade pitch.

Since the rotational direction and speed of the main shaft 6 and the bevel gear with slits 34 are determined by the first gear train 25, 29, 28, 34, the rotation of the saw blade is synchronized with the rotation of the saw blade, and the saw blade has a similar shape to the arcuate groove 3. When the tip of -38 reaches the position closest to the substrate IK, it is pushed out by the action of the groove cam 4° and the protrusion 39, and the chips in the arcuate groove 3 are forcibly removed. It is possible for a circular saw to rotate with the pusher 38 always protruding, but it is impossible for an internal saw blade because the rotation interferes with the donut-shaped substrate 1, so this tip remover device is necessary. It is. The effect can be further increased by providing an air nozzle 42 in front of the installation location of the chip remover device 24 to blow off the chips. Figure 8 is B- in Figure 7.
This is a view from arrow B' and shows groove cam 4 and bevel gear with RL slit 3.
4 shows the relationship between the 38 saw blades and the board 1 chip 2. FIG. 9 is a slanted view showing details of the bushing 38.

As shown above, rotate the donut-shaped inner peripheral saw blade, penetrate the workpiece into the saw blade and dry it, rotate the workpiece in the opposite direction to the saw blade, and feed the Vc saw blade in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis to cut it. A unique tip remover device is installed to increase cutting ability and prevent damage to the blade.

A cutting method and device characterized in that the saw blade rotation speed, chuck rotation speed, cutting head feed speed change, etc. can be changed arbitrarily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the workpiece and a front view of the inner saw blade showing the relationship between the details of each part of the inner saw blade and the workpiece during machining. The second figure is an enlarged view of part E in the fang figure. Figure 2 is a view taken from arrow A in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the dual support chuck and saw head of a cutting machine using an internal saw blade. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the cantilever chuck and saw head of a cutting machine using an internal saw blade. Figure 6 is an IE side view showing the relative position of the inner saw blade attached to the cutting machine and the chip remover device. E. The above figure is a cross-sectional view showing the driving relationship between the saw head and the chip remover device. The figure to the fangs is a view from arrow B-B' in the seven figures of the fangs. Figure 9 is an oblique view showing the details of the butsusha. 1... Donut-shaped board 2... Plug-in chip 3... Arc-shaped groove 4... Slit 5... Mounting hole 6... Main shaft 7... Mounting bolt 8... Timing belt 9... Pulley 10... Work 11... Chuck shaft 12... Chuck 13... Timing belt 14... Pulley 15... Saw head 16... Moving slide 17... Machine frame 18...Fixed slide 19...Push bar...Carry-out drive roller 2]...Carry-in drive roller 22...Chuck jaw...Socket plate 24...Chip remover device 5...Gear 26... Saw head machine frame 27... Shaft a... Bevel gear 4... Pinion addition... Flange 31... Brake shoe 32... Washer 33... Nut 34... Bevel gear with slit... camshaft 36... case 37... slit blade... button shear 39... protrusion 40... mish, 41... lid body 42... air Nozzle patent applicant Masao Kohata

Claims (1)

[Claims] l) A hollow shaft that holds a chuck and can rotate, and a hollow shaft that can fasten and rotate a donut-shaped substrate having a saw blade on the inner periphery are provided, and a workpiece is inserted into the hollow shaft. and chucking.
A cutting method characterized by performing double cutting, grooving, etc. on the hollow shaft of the saw blade in a cage-efficient manner. 2) Weld the chips evenly distributed on the inner periphery of the donut-shaped substrate (1), or provide holes, arcuate grooves (3), slits (4), etc. for inserting the plug-in chips (2), and A donut-shaped inner peripheral saw blade with mounting holes (5) evenly spaced on the sides. 3) Attach the donut-shaped inner saw blade to the rotating saw (1
A chuck device (12) having a chuck device (5) that allows the workpiece to pass through the inner periphery of the saw blade, and that can grip the workpiece on one or both sides of the saw head (15) and rotate in the opposite direction to the saw blade. ), and slides (16) and (18) are provided so that the saw head (15) can move in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis, and the rotation of the saw head (15) and the chuck device can be arbitrarily changed. A cutting machine characterized by: 4) A rotor (34) that easily slides in pushers (38) arranged at the same pitch as the saw blade is connected to the rotor (34) so that it can rotate in the same direction as the saw blade and in synchronization with the circumferential speed.
34) is fixed to the machine frame (36) side during rotation and stopped by the groove cam (4n) of the camshaft (35), which rapidly pushes out the butt shear (38) at a close distance to the saw blade. A chip remover device that is characterized by forcibly discharging chips that have adhered to the arcuate groove.