JPS59228865A - Fire extinguishing agent for oil fire - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an extinguishing agent for oil fires, particularly fires involving tempura oil.

Overheating of tempura oil is said to be one of the main causes of fires in homes. The ignition phenomenon of tempura oil is therefore unique; when the oil is heated above about 350C, the gas generated spontaneously ignites, and extinguishing this is problematic with ordinary fire extinguishers.

For example, according to the Fire and Disaster Management Agency Notification No. 6 of 1981 (8th sentence 57, 12.4.), the standards for extinguishing fires in deep fryers are as follows: ``70cm for a deep fryer with a diameter of 30cm and a depth of 5cm.
It must not re-ignite within 1 minute in a test in which 0me no zero soybean oil (ignition point 3606C to 370C) is heated to 400℃ on a gas stove, the flame on the gas stove is extinguished, and then the fire is extinguished. ” is stipulated. As a fire extinguishing tool that meets this condition, it cannot be extinguished with ordinary...
It is well known that another compounding type is used in which a potash carbonate solution is used as a stock solution and a propellant such as Ronfp is used in this. However, this type is a strong alkaline liquid that can cause severe irritation if it comes into contact with the human body.A gel-like product using an emulsifier is also available on the market, but this product takes a long time to extinguish. (
The above test takes about 5 minutes).

In view of the above, the present inventor provides a new type of fire extinguishing agent.

Table 1 shows the results of a tempura fire extinguishing experiment conducted using several types of conventional fire extinguishing agents.

Table 1 Akira? As shown in Table 1 of Shamon (no change in content) in Book III, it is clear that single extinguishing agents are ineffective against tempura fires. However, the reason why the aforementioned fortifying liquid exhibits a digestive effect is that it has good dispersion without scattering of the drug or solidification in oil. ■Creating a soap-like substance by combining arunonori with fatty acids. ■CO7 generated by the decomposition of carbonates calms down the ignitable decomposition gas. ■
One possible reason is that the temperature of the oil is lowered by the heat of evaporation of the water.

However, when it is made into a strengthening liquid, the chemical liquid is strongly alkaline, so if it gets on the human body or clothing, it will cause significant damage, but when it is made into powder or granules, the effect can be reduced. However, as shown in the diagram, when added as a powder, it solidifies in oil and cannot be extinguished.

The inventors of the present invention have discovered that the problem can be solved by adding an oily substance as described in the claims as a method for improving the dispersibility in oil.

These substances include aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, acids, ethers, esters, and glycerides, and compounds with carbon numbers of 4 or less are undesirable because they cause reverse fire due to their low lid pressure. As an experiment, we proceeded according to the above notification, and the extinguishing time when 200g of extinguishing agent was added was 1.
tll was determined. The fire extinguishing agent is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate, solid paraffin, stearic acid, and beef tallow at various concentrations. As shown in the drawing, the results show that the fire extinguishing effect increases sharply from the addition of about 5%, and becomes worse again when the concentration of around 10 reaches a maximum of 35% or more. That is, an appropriate amount is 0.053 to 0.5 times the amount of sodium bicarbonate. Conventionally, small amounts of aliphatic organic substances have been added to fire extinguishing powders, but the purpose of this is to prevent caking, and the amount does not exceed 2%. Yes (-Long objects are themselves flammable substances, and common sense would not suggest that they be used for the purpose of extinguishing fires.) It was deliberately used and was found to be sufficiently effective when applied to initial fires caused by kerosene and gasoline.The above-mentioned derivatives can also be applied to aliphatic organic compounds, and within the scope of the present invention, hydrogenated compounds, acid Also included are metal salts, mono- and diglycerides, and glycolyl.

The present invention uses carbonates and bicarbonates of alkali metals as main agents, but there is no hindrance to the addition of agents that have an auxiliary extinguishing effect. Examples include hydroxide, borax, ammonium phosphate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium carbamate, urea, cyandiamide, guanium sulfurate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate hydroxide, and others.

Among them, the one with the highest utility value is ammonium salt. By adding ammonium salts, the extinguishing conditions can be further improved and the temperature of the oil can be lowered. Table 2 shows 700 ml of soybean oil heated to 400°C (spontaneously ignited).
This figure shows the experimental conditions when 200 g of the compounded drug was added to the sample.

When ammonium salts are added, the extinguishing efficacy increases, but the disadvantage is that the flame is much more flashy upon injection. This tendency becomes more pronounced as the amount of ammonium salt increases, and as a result of experiments, when the amount exceeds 70% of the total amount, the flame subsidence period 11'1 is delayed, making it impractical.

The next most effective ingredient is an inorganic compound with a high water content. Specifically, as crystal water, the compound Ca C12,6
H201Al+ (P207)l , ] 0H201
Na4P20y, IOH,0, NaBOl.

ILO, MgI, -8H,0,KAl(SO2)2゜]
2H20, 2M, (Sα)2・6H20, MgHPO
4,7H+ O,A4 (SO2)s -18H20,
Mgh (POI)2-8J-(, O etc., hydroxide Ca
(OH)29Mg (0H)r C03p A/!
(OH)+, etc., hydrated compounds SiO3, XH20, A40
s -xH20+Mg, SiO+ -xILO. When these compounds are added, the heat of evaporation of the water lowers the temperature of the oil and improves the fire extinguishing ability. However, over 70% of the total amount) II! I
is undesirable because it lowers the actual effect of carbonate and bicarbonate, which are the main ingredients.
-辛音ζ-ν-n-4峻-・-''--2441 Examples will be described below.

Example 1 Sodium hydrogen carbonate 44 heavy #candy Olin P2 ammonium 29 crystal clear
15 Talc 3 Stearic Acid 9 200g of this invention product is formulated as a 1-touch tablet containing the drugs listed in 2.2.
When the fire was carried out in response to a tempura pot fire, the fire was extinguished within 30 seconds after the fire was put in, and the fire did not re-ignite.

Example 2 KNaCOl, 6H, 040 weight coefficient CaC0, (powdu) 20AI, (
so4)z, I 8H,030 Mokuro
5 Cefnol 5 The above drug was blended and 120g was placed in an air-impermeable bag to form the product of the present invention. Extinguishing time: 120 seconds Example 3 Baking soda 50 Heavy pressure hydrogen 30 Solid paraffin 15 Lithium soap 5 Urea and solid paraffin were heated to about 100°C to melt them, and baking soda was kneaded into them.1. The product of the present invention was obtained by solidifying each OOg into a rod shape. Extinguishing time: 48 seconds Example 4 Fine powder of baking soda 80.9 Fine powder of silicic acid anhydride 80 Silicone oil 2 Nonionic surfactant 18 Soybean oil 20 The above chemicals were placed in a pressure-resistant can for air nozzle, and then Halon (
2402) 150.9 and 150 g of Freon (12) were filled, and a special valve for fire extinguishing equipment was sealed in a can to obtain a product of the present invention.

This product passed the Class 6 fire extinguishing test specified in the above notification.

Example 5 Potassium carbonate 209 Surfactant containing Norikochin 5 Castor oil (hydrogenated) 3 Soybean oil 3 Water 69 The above chemicals are heated and mixed and left to cool to form a kelp. When the product of the present invention was used in a tempura fire, the fire was extinguished in 1 minute and 20 seconds without any oil splashing. In the same test, it was also possible to extinguish oil fires in which soybean oil was replaced with kerosene.

The product of the present invention provides an effective extinguishing agent for oil fires, especially deep fryer fires, and since there has been little literature on extinguishing these types of fires, it is a useful product for home disaster prevention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Mitsuke Figure 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the extinguishing time of a deep fryer fire depending on the ratio of alkali carbonate and aliphatic organic matter. The above procedure is related to the case of the person making the supplement, No. 3, 04189, December 1983, Soviet Union ↑ + l [Special Notes of 1988, Director General of the 1980s] Related: Applicant 4, Date of amendment order: September 7, 1980 (Delivery date: September 27, 1980) 5. Part of the specification to be amended 6, Description of the contents of the amendment 3.4 .Replace pages 8 and 10 as shown in the attached sheet. (There is no change in the content.)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fire extinguishing agent whose main ingredient is an alkali metal carbonate and/or bicarbonate, with a proportion of 0.05 to 0.0% relative to the main ingredient.
It is characterized by containing at least one selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons having 5 or more carbon atoms, alcohols, acids, metal salts of acids, ethers, esters, glycolides, and glycerides. 2. In claim 1, all vehicles ■d 70W
An oil fire extinguishing agent characterized by containing an ammonium salt of % or less. 3. An oil fire extinguishing agent according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it contains a water-containing inorganic compound in an amount of 70 W% or less based on the total weight.