JPS59223352A - Production method and apparatus of non-woven fabric comprising long fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a nonwoven fabric made of long fibers with excellent web uniformity, and an apparatus for producing the same.

In recent years, a method for manufacturing nonwoven fabrics made of long fibers, known as the so-called spunpond method, in which filaments discharged from a spinneret are formed into a web at once without being wound up, has been developed and has actually been industrialized.

A number of methods have been proposed for producing nonwoven fibers made of long fibers, but they can be roughly divided into two: pulling and stretching the filaments using an air sucker or using rolls.

How to pull and stretch the filament using an air sucker (
In the air sucker method (hereinafter referred to as the air sucker method), an air sucker is installed under the spinneret, and the filament group discharged from the spinneret is pulled by the air sucker.

This is a method of forming a web on a collection surface that moves as it is, and since the web can be formed simply by pulling it with an air sucker, it is simple in terms of equipment and easy to operate.
In order to pull the filament with an air sucker, when the denier is as thick as a 10-wire filament, a large amount of air is used and it is necessary to use high pressure, which increases energy costs and at the same time causes significant noise. becomes. Furthermore, the actual situation is that pulling with air alone does not fully stretch the web, resulting in poor physical properties of the resulting web.

On the other hand, the method of pulling and stretching the filament using rolls (hereinafter referred to as the roll method)
As shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 998, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 50-52367, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 51-17379, Ll, S, p427387, there are two or more rolls under the spinneret and air under the rolls. This is a method in which a sucker is installed and the filament group discharged from the spinneret is pulled or pulled/stretched by the roll, then taken up by the air sucker and formed into a web on a moving collection surface. Therefore, the energy cost does not change depending on the denier, and if a large number of rolls are provided and mechanical stretching is performed between them, the filaments can be sufficiently stretched, and the resulting web has excellent physical properties. ing.

As a result of studying spunbonding using such a roll method, the present inventors found that although it has the above-mentioned characteristics, it is difficult to implement it industrially due to problems such as -Fya. It has been found. That is, to explain it with the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 show a typical manufacturing method of spunbond by the conventionally known roll method, but the filament 2 discharged from the spin head 1 is After being pulled by a take-up roll 3.4 and then supplied to a dispersing air sucker 7, a web is formed on a moving collection surface 8, and these webs are appropriately overlapped from YA weight to n weight. By combining them, a single long fiber nonwoven fabric is formed. To explain these operating methods in more detail, an air sucker (not shown), which is separate from the air sucker 7, first sucks the filament 2 discharged from the spin head 1 of spindle A, and then attaches it to the roll 3. .4 After loading the yarn, bring the suction port of the air sucker 7 close to the suction port of the air sucker 7 for fractions, transfer the filament to the air sucker 7, and form a web of one spindle. Next, the same operation is carried out for m, and by repeating sequentially up to nd, a web of desired 1 tJ is formed as a whole.However, when trying to thread B carp after threading carp A, If the filament discharged from the spinneret is not reliably sucked into the air sucker, the filament may wind around the roll, or in severe cases, the BM thread may become entangled with the Ata roll, causing thread breakage. Also, you will need to be very skilled in the operation as it will be necessary to rethread the thread from the beginning. In order to avoid this, an auxiliary air sucker is installed in each ridge, and the air sucker sucks the filament 2 over the entire ridge in advance.Then, each cotton is threaded with the air sucker. One possible method is to hang the filament, but the operation is complicated and the filament needs to be transferred to the air sucker twice, resulting in increased thread loss.

There are cases where two rolls are used for approval, as shown in Figure 1, but the higher the roll speed and the greater the denier of the filament, the more the filament slips on the roll. Since it becomes difficult to obtain the spinning speed, it is preferable to use a large number of rolls as shown in FIG. In addition, in the case of one geometric stretching between rolls, of course at least four rolls are required as shown in FIG. 2, and in this case, stretching is performed between rolls 4 and 5.

In this way, when trying to achieve thicker denier and higher speeds, it is necessary to use a large number of rolls, but as the number of rolls increases, the equipment becomes taller due to the call interval, and it becomes necessary to thread the rolls. The repeated operations required to suction the air to the dispersion air lifter require stretching, bending, and in some cases using a step stool, making the threading operation itself quite difficult. However, as the number of rolls increases, the noise of the rolls during the 11th speed rotation increases rapidly, and human voices can no longer be heard.

In addition, when the roll rotates at high speed, the accompanying air flow caused by the roll becomes large, which disturbs the surrounding air and adversely affects web formation.
If a thread breakage or a single thread breakage occurs even in the thread, the accompanying flow will also cause the thread of the adjacent weight to become engulfed.

Historically, the spinneret had to be installed across the entire web, and when it became 5 m wide, not only did the equipment cost increase, but the residence time of the molten polymer in the spin head also increased, and the viscosity increased. This may lead to thread breakage or web damage.
We need to reduce our sense of humor.

Also, if the positions of the spin head and roll are determined, the position of the air soccer will be fixed, and conversely, if the position of the −n 7 soccer is determined, the positions of the spin head and roll will be fixed, and as a result, The opening time of the filament per air sucker is inevitably determined by the degree of overlap with the lid's bright web, and even if a technology that increases the opening time is developed, it cannot be applied as is. The process was slow and inflexible to technological advances.

In terms of quality, it is better to use a large number of air suckers and spread a small number of filaments in a narrow width to obtain a web with good dispersion. In order to limit the size of the rolls, the spacing between them is regulated, and in order to obtain a narrow width spacing, it is necessary to shift the positions of the rolls and spinnerets in the direction of the object. This means that they will have no choice but to rely on it.

As mentioned above, spunbonding using the roll method can be said to be a process with many problems, but to summarize these problems, they can be summarized as follows. ■ The filament must be received each time it is cut and passed through the air rollers, making the operation complicated; ■ When using a large number of rolls to increase speed or draw, Due to the layout, the back of the device becomes red, making threading difficult to operate. ■ Since the time is regulated by the roll, the time during which the filament is being unraveled per thread is fixed, which reduces quality and productivity. ■ Since the spinneret is installed over the entire width of the web, a spindle head that is as small as 5 meters is required, and it takes a long time to process the molten polymer for 4 hours, resulting in a decrease in viscosity and thread breakage. ■ As the roll is rotated at high speed, the accompanying air flow due to the rotation increases, which may adversely affect neighboring areas and disrupt web formation;■ Many However, since the rolls are rotated at high speed, noise becomes a problem.

The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of spunbond using a roll method, which has special ridges that are superior in terms of energy cost and web physical properties compared to the air sucker method. It is.

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.

(1) After pulling a large number of equally divided filament groups discharged from a spinneret with a traction/stretching roll, splitting the above-mentioned equally divided large number of filament groups via a splitting roll, Next, a method for producing a nonwoven fabric made of long fibers in which a group of filaments is pulled by each air sucker and collected by contacting the moving collection surface once in the width direction (2)
Two or more pulling/stretching rolls are provided directly below the spinneret at an arbitrary distance +41, and a plurality of splitting rolls are provided substantially horizontally from the roll group, and at a position lower than the splitting rolls. An apparatus for producing a nonwoven fabric made of long fibers characterized by having ad air suckers in each case.The present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. A large number of ejected and equally divided filament groups 10 are pulled and
Stretching rolls 11, 12, 13, 14 are used to create multiple, furrowed,
Simultaneously pulling and stretching, then splitting rolls 15.16.
At step 17 and step 18, the filaments are equally divided into predetermined groups of filaments, further divided and sucked into the air sucker 19 provided under each dividing roll, and the resulting web is placed adjacently on the collecting surface 20. It is collected and made into a single web.

To explain in more detail, the spin head 9 does not need to be provided in stages over the entire web 113 as in the conventional case, but can be installed compactly away from the web collector and independent of the web being opened. Bath melt polymer 71i￥
Residence time is also shortened, and the effects of polymer deterioration are greatly improved. Furthermore, since the spinnerets can be grouped together, the spinnerets can be replaced easily in a short period of time, and there is little movement during wiping, so it can be done in a short time. An even bigger feature is that at the start, the filament group discharged from the spinneret is
At the same time, the threading can be done by suction by the air sucker, which eliminates any trouble caused by threading at the start, and greatly reduces the time required for threading.

The filament group discharged from such a spin head/spinning hole needs to be divided into corresponding filament groups because of the air sucker 9, but the number of filaments to be supplied to one air sucker depends on the earth pressure, denier, Adjusted by Yasugi, Na, usually 60-50
Choose between 0 filaments. These filament groups 10 are passed through traction and stretching rolls 11.12.13.14
The reason for this role is 9. There is no "Appearance 1" in ¥.

If you are trying to pull off filaments at high speeds such as 4000 m/min or higher or thick filaments such as 10 d, it is more effective to provide four or more filaments to reduce slippage. In addition, the bottom surface of the roll can be mirror-finished or satin-finished, and when mechanical stretching is performed, rolls 11 and 12 can be used.
and rolls 13 and 14. In this case, it is also effective to provide a slight speed difference between the rolls 13 and 14 in order to suppress slippage.

The filament groups drawn and drawn in this way are divided into equal parts by the dividing rolls 15, 16, 11, and 18, and then divided by the dividing rolls 15. The number of air suckers 19 installed at the ends of the rolls must be one sheet, and these fiber splitting rolls have a speed at least the same as or slightly faster than the speed of the pulling/stretching rolls 14. It is preferable to have a satin finish to make the edges look sharp.

The air sucker 19 takes the filaments from the splitting roll, spreads and disperses them, and the installation location is determined by the force σ] during the opening and the degree of overlapping with the adjacent web σ). reactor. During opening, dispersibility of the filaments is as important as the dispersibility of the filaments, and it is common practice to use forced charging by corona discharge or frictional charging to repel the filaments to make the opening wider, and at the same time improve dispersibility. Even if such opening/fractional means are used, it is difficult to freely control the opening process, and depending on the required quality level, the air sucker and the filament supplied to the The reality is that by adjusting the number, the fiber opening process and dispersibility are covered.

However, with the conventional method, it was nearly impossible to adjust the number of air suckers, but according to the present invention, it is easy to increase the number of splitting rolls, and the interval between air suckers can be shortened. It also commands benefits that can be easily achieved. Therefore, the quality can be improved more than the conventional method, and the adjustment can be made easily.

The longer the ridges of the air sucker placed per one minute roll, the better in terms of equipment, noise, and operation. The difference in angle between the filaments entering the air sucker increases, which has a subtle effect on opening and splitting.
6 to 5 are usually selected.

In this way, in the present invention, the filament pulling/stretching section and the unip forming section below the splitting roll are substantially separated, and moreover, multiple pulling and stretching operations can be performed simultaneously at one location, resulting in improved operability. Not only that, but there is also less noise due to higher speeds.
In some cases, it is possible to easily surround only this part, and it is also possible to further reduce noise. In addition, the number of pulling/stretching rolls is extremely reduced compared to the conventional method, and if equipment for controlling the circumferential speed of the rolls is included, equipment costs can be significantly reduced.

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to Examples.

Example Using a device similar to that shown in Fig. 6, filaments '&f- made of polyethylene tereftate were discharged from a spinneret, and the filament was placed 3 m below the spinneret, and a 5000 m
It was pulled by four pulling/stretching rolls rotating at a circumferential speed of /min. In the background, a fiber opening/dispersion device consisting of four fiber splitting rolls installed approximately horizontally at intervals of 520 m from the pulling/stretching rolls, and an air sucker incorporating a corona discharge device f below them. The 111st-order filament was cut once per minute, and the air sucker was changed to obtain a web with a single yarn of 6 d and an average basis weight of 40 g/in"M effect rlJ of 1.5 m. These webs are shown in Table 1. .

(Hereinafter referred to as extra color) Table 1 As is clear from Table 1, a web with excellent uniformity can be obtained by appropriately selecting the number of air suckers.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 1, young spinners 12r are arranged at intervals of 400 mm in the direction perpendicular to the machine direction over the entire width of the web, and at a position 6 m below the spinneret. As shown in Figure 2, polyethylene terephthalate was extruded and trained in the same manner as in the example using a device equipped with four pulling/stretching rolls and an air sucker incorporating corona release 4H11i in the 70-bed. 150 filaments per roll, 4 pulls at a roll speed of 5000 m/u+in, web shape t
I let a. This web corresponded to the case of 1 air sucker in the example, and its uniformity was such that myositis was visible and the poorly opened portions were included in the entire web.

This air sucker interval of 400 am could not be reduced to less than 400 r:rrn due to the arrangement of the pulling/stretching rolls. For this reason, in order to improve the quality of the web and make the spreadability good, the number of filaments was gradually reduced from 150. From about 50 filaments, there were no auxiliary spots and the spreadability was good. but,
Fertility decreased by 1/3.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

41 and M2 show a conventional spunbond manufacturing apparatus using a roll method, FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing how two rolls are used, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing how four rolls are used. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the JAi cargo device (1) according to the present invention. 9... Spin head, Ill... Filament group 1
1.12.13.14... Traction/stretching roll 1i, 1
(j, 17.18...Fiber separation roll 19...Air sucker, 20...Movement collecting surface 0 special [Applicant: Asahi Kaoru Koka Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) After pulling a large number of equally divided filament groups discharged from a spinneret with a traction/stretching roll, splitting the above-mentioned equally divided large number of filament groups via a splitting roll,
A method for producing a nonwoven fabric made of long fibers, characterized in that the filament group is then pulled by each air sucker and collected adjacent to the width direction on a moving collection surface. (2) Two or more pulling/stretching rolls are provided directly below the spinneret at an arbitrary distance, and a plurality of splitting rolls are provided in a substantially horizontal direction from the roll group, and the splitting roll A manufacturing device for a nonwoven fabric made of long fibers, characterized by having a plurality of air suckers each at a lower position.