JPS59212787A - Position measuring system using spectrum diffusion radio wave - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure numerous positions with less radio wave channels, by using a spectrum diffusion radio wave. CONSTITUTION:A spectrum diffusion radio wave diffused by a diffusion code from a diffusion code generator 2 of a main station M is transmitted through a transmitter 1, antenna 4, etc., and received by an antenna 5, receiver 7, etc., of a secondary station S and the diffusion code is reproduced. The diffusion code is impressed upon a transmitter 8 and the spectrum diffusion radio wave crresponding to the diffusion code is transmitted through the antenna 5. The spectrum diffusion radio wave is received by a receiver 9 of the main station M. The diffusion code from the generator 2 through a delay circuit 10 is also inpressed upon the receiver 9 and the diffusion code reproduced at the receiver 9 is subjected to tracking. Delay in time corresponding to a distance is determined through the circuit 10 and displayed on a display 11. By a system using the spectrum diffusion radio wave of the diffusion code having a frequency which is different from an approximate carrier wave, occurrence of interference between each signal is prevented and measurement of numerous positions can be performed with less radio wave channels.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] A slave station is installed at two or more known fixed points, for example, two or more known points on land, and a main station is installed at a moving point, for example, on a ship, and radio waves are transmitted from the main station. The distance Af between the main station and each slave station is measured by emitting a signal and sending back a radio wave in response to the above two or more slave stations, and measuring the delay of the returned radio wave at the master station.2 Measuring the position of ships is currently being carried out in many ways.

That is, in Figure 1, SA is the sea, L is the land,
A main station M is mounted on a ship P, and slave stations Sa and Sb are installed 14 at two longitudinal points on land. The position of the ship P can be determined by measuring the distance between the master station M and the slave station Sa and between the master station M and the slave station sb. However, radio waves are finite, and currently this type of system only allows the use of a few channels of radio waves for local waves and ships. cannot be measured at the same time. The present invention has been made for the purpose of overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional art, and provides an upright measuring device that can measure the position of a red spot using a small number of radio wave channels.

Spread spectrum (hereinafter referred to as S) method, which is a completely new modulation method for conventional radio wave formats, has recently been used in various fields as a means to effectively utilize limited radio wave resources. There were many people.

As is well known, the radio wave transmission and reception method using the S,S method uses different spreading codes for each signal even if the carrier waves of multiple signals have the same or similar frequencies. It has the characteristic that the signals can be transmitted and received simultaneously without mutual interference (without interference), and in the present invention, this S, S system is effectively utilized.

Hereinafter, all examples of "non-explosion" will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6.

,,1′! Section 2 - Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating other examples of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a master station and a slave station for one station, and Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a master station and a slave station, respectively. 4 shows the time relationship between the received radio waves and the transmitted radio waves at the slave station. Figure 4 shows the use of multiple master stations and slave stations shown in Figure 2 (in the example, 4 master stations and 6 slave stations). 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a method of simultaneously determining the distances of 11 points at multiple points, and FIG. 5 is a table showing the allocation of radio wave frequencies and spreading codes (hereinafter referred to as PN codes) for FIG.
Figure v16 is a diagram showing the relationship between the received radio waves and the transmitted radio waves of another embodiment for the main station and two slave stations.

In 2'1j21nu1, C4 is the master station and S is the slave station.

At the main station MI/C, the carrier wave output from the S, S transmitter 1 is expanded from the PN code (. 41.The antenna 4 sends a wave to the corresponding S, ST with a spatial CC width.At the slave station SIILI, the S, s'
'Fl<+7ha J Anana 5 caught the awn, circulator 6'iA・1': Te S, received by S receiver 1♂7, 7 table, 1... glossed, top) phrase M'1'N;i
Q issue is 4'i birth S. This 1 Yosei < I did rJN I bowed S, S sending ability < 80 daughter sending wave expanded '・J and s
, s′tun? With the skin, touch the antenna 5 with l:, la') ff1jE, AS-S'i,,;N
Hii,,iJj. (7) S-S% wave (・;1
At the station M, it is caught by the -C antenna 4, passes through the nake rake 3, and is missed by the S and S receiver 9. 5. At the main station 14, from the PN code generator 2 (J')
PN11 is outputted to the S and S transmitters 1a and 1, and is also delayed by the delay signal 10 and sent to the S and S receivers 9.

The S, S receiver 9 tracks the S, S radio waves returned from the slave station in correspondence with the delayed PN code, thereby determining the distance between the master station M and the slave station S corresponding to the distance between the master station M and the slave station S. The time delay can be measured by the delay device 10 and displayed on the distance display 11. In the above operation,
The delay time along the delay line 10 is controlled by the radio waves received by the S and S receivers 9, so that the master station M can track and receive the S and St waves returned from the slave station S. can do.

The switch 12 of the slave station S is turned on as shown in FIG. τ time stage i
t (off), S, S transmission from 8
, S radio waves are controlled to be limited to the time when the s, S'r1 waves from the main station M are being received and for one hour after the reception. In addition to controlling the switch 12 to turn on when receiving the S and S signals, the switch 12 identifies a specific PN code that the S and S turtle waves have and turns on while receiving the specific PN code. It is also possible to transmit the corresponding s, s'ili he by controlling it to do so. Father, switch 12・υ
The 1 hour margin for the above C and [river τ was provided for the off 0.41ha, even during fading due to rIU surface reflection.
Nutit No. 31) As shown in 4, the real 6th electrician is shunher
This is to ensure that the slave station S transmits stably even if the transmission is interrupted. Also, setting this 4:= switch]2
, J: If the main station 1ν1η) stops transmitting δ, the slave station S can also stop transmitting (1('l:i'll).

Next, 1F1 self (also (", 'tf white measurement -: change the position by 1 and make the difference 5! sn place candy 1 61 + regular lesson t!jlj t!jlj t! The ε sinum uses the number of 3 stations and the 4M number of sub)Bj, -r seconds 11 and 1:
, 444 Figure 11C/3:-, J" is formed. That is, Example 1, a narrow (it) surrounded by two land masses La + Lb with a rough topography. I or SA
There is. 11v area SA is 1.11 and 111? Divided into i area, the position of the ship in each dI7 area 1, ■, ■: It'
:;, To perform all 1jl-Tli, main station i': 11~M
4 to each ship i1' (, slave!j ¥51a-83a and sl
b-S and 3b are installed extensively on land la and Lb. Each of the slave stations 51a-83a-, Ssb-S3b is composed of three slave stations whose subscripts are -1, -2, and -3, respectively. Master station Ml-M4 and slave station group S1a-S3a,
The frequencies and PN codes of S+b-S3b are assigned, for example, as shown in FIG. Each main station M as shown in Figure 5
l-M4 and each slave station group Sea-Sol, sub-83b
The radio waves assigned K are a set of radio waves with frequencies fl, f2, and f3, and since the sea area SA is narrow, conventional radio waves interfere with each other and cannot be measured. However, as is well known, in the case of s and sig waves, there is an effect of eliminating opposite sign radio waves due to the process gain, so are there only self-sign radio waves? :Selection 4
Since there is a characteristic of trying to receive RL, PN Shrine No. C,-
c9 to master stations M1 to M4 and slave station group S1a-83a%S1
Interference can be suppressed by reassigning it to the b-s and b slave stations, respectively. The PM code of each slave station is added to one PN code shown in the table in Fig. 5, but the master station Ml-M
4 allows one PM code from C and -C9 to be arbitrarily selected.

1 and 1" and explain the operation. The main station Ml on board the ship in sea area 1 is as shown in Figure 6 (PN code CsK to p frequency WTif
When the S and S radio waves of 1 are emitted, the slave station S1a-1r81b-1 whose PM code is "1 c1" receives the S and S radio waves, and the slave stations 5la-1 and 5lb-1 each receive 1 wave number. S, S'ji:j waves, which are f2 and f3, are sent out, and the master station M1 receives them, thereby causing the master station M1 to transmit the slave station I of the master station M1 -81a+81.
7y(iiEj:iTtl'l) can be performed for b.

Next, there is the same γ11 or 1ljl of Lana 2 Yu VC
I will talk about this. As shown in Figure 4, for example, sea area 1i/
'Suppose that there are two ships C, each of which is equipped with a main station M2 and a main station M3. In this case, the PM codes of the main station M2 and the main station M3 are made to be different from each other, such as C5 and C6. If you do this, the main station M2 will output 1
S of N't'F'jCs, S11. The slave station 52a-
2s2b-2 makes a call, and the s, s' = waves of the PN code C6 sent by the master station M3 are sent by the slave stations 52a-3 and 52b-3.
1 (i, wave frequency f1)
, even if it is an 'If wave of 1π■1 of f2 and f3, the above 2
The positions of two ships can be measured without interference from each other.

In the Sat hU2!1lI1 production, each slave station 51a-1...
・53b-3 is switched to the main station Ml- by the operation of switch 12.
M4 to S, S'i: The return transmission operation of S and S radio waves is performed only when the L wave is stoicized, or only when the S and S radio waves of the corresponding PM codes are received. The master station Ml-M4 ill and the slave station 5la-
1-8sb-s operation can be controlled.

Next, we will explain what happens when a ship in the sea area SA moves.

Now, for example, if a ship equipped with main station M1 moves from sea area 1 to sea area 1, by switching the PM code of main station M1 from C1 to C4, it will transmit C1/1 when receiving PN code C1. The slave station 51a-++S+b-+ stopped the transmission operation, and the slave station 52a-IT5Zb-1, which received the S and S radio waves with the PN code C4, started transmitting the S and S radio waves, and the main station in the sea area ■ Station Ml position without any problem = t6+
+] I can. Furthermore, when the main station M1 moves to the sea area ■, P
Similarly, by selecting N code CB or C9,
The position of the main station Ml at 1 can be measured. That is, when the ship moves, by switching and setting the PM code of the master station to the PM code that is not used among the PM codes assigned to the slave station group, which corresponds to the ijσ castle after the movement. It is possible to measure the position of the ship in the ocean area. In this case, as described above, only the slave station corresponding to the final station transmitting the S and S radio waves or the slave station corresponding to the PN code specific to the S and S radio waves transmits and operates by operating the switch 12 as described above.

Even if the radio waves used as described above are a set of radio waves with frequencies fl and fx7s, the positions of multiple main stations M and -M4 can be freely measured in multiple sea areas Station M
The measurement is possible even if 1 to M4 move.

Furthermore, by changing the characteristics of the switch 12 shown in FIG. 3 to those shown in FIG. 6, radio waves of two types of frequencies (main station M1 to
The ship's position can be measured using the transmitted radio waves common to M4 and the transmitted radio waves common to slave station group 5ea-83b. That is,
The PN code that spreads the radio waves transmitted from the main stations M1 to M4 is made to have a negative phase for the first cycle period of 1T, and to be in positive phase for the remaining 511 cycle periods of 511T (however, the 512 cycles of the PN code It is assumed that a frame is configured.

) is repeated, spread modulated, and transmitted. When the slave station groups S1a-83a and slb-s3b receive the SS radio waves, one cycle 1T of the opposite phase of pNq:5 is extracted 2,
Thereby, the transmission timing of the S and S radio waves from the main stations M and -M4 can be detected. The slave station group Sea-S3a transmits S and S radio waves in accordance with the positive phase timing from the second period of the PN code, and after ``255 cycles and 255T, S, S'+'4
Stop transmitting waves. On the other hand, in the slave station group Slb to s3b, the 257th cycle υJ257 is detected by the detection of the reverse phase timing IT.
The transmission of the s and s' radio waves is started with a delay of T, and after transmitting the S and S pulse waves for 255 cycles and 255T, the transmission operation is stopped. The above operations are repeated between the master station and the slave station.

The master stations M1 to M4 alternately switch and measure in accordance with the respective timings mentioned above, thereby controlling the slave station groups Sea and S2a.
Alternatively, it is possible to measure vf=1'7it for each of S3a and slave station groups slb, s2b, or +:1S3b. In this case, slave station *pSla-S3a and slave station group s, b-s3b
Since it is possible to make the radio wave frequencies the same, the main station Ml
- Abbreviation of M4 reception designation, m] abbreviation of distance measurement circuit,
It is possible to expand the amount of diffusion of the S and S' turtle waves, and therefore, there are many benefits such as further effective use of the limited radio wave band.

As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, according to the present invention, by using spread spectrum radio waves, even if there are a large number of moving points and fixed points, the distance between them can be measured without interference. The transmitting operation of slave stations installed at many fixed points has the advantage of being controlled by the main station intended for measurement, and it is also possible to use the innovative operation of the Nuvectorum spreading code (transmitting the first cycle of the valley frame with the opposite phase). The present invention has many remarkable effects, such as further improving the efficiency of using radio waves.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram explaining a position measurement method in the field of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a master station and a slave station in an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 and 1 are diagrams showing the operation of the slave station. Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram of the position measurement method according to the embodiment on the source side, Figure 5 is a table showing the allocation of radio wave frequency and PN code for Figure 4, Figure 6 is a small time chart. is a time chart showing other implementation errors and floor movements. M, Ml-M4...Main station 5la = s3a, Stb"Sab"'Slave station group S, 5la
-+~53a-315tb-t-S3b-3 = slave station ■
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Claims (1)

[Claims] Radio waves are transmitted and received between one master station and a slave station, and the i
In the device 6 that measures the position of the master station that is transmitted to the slave station from the time difference between the transmission and reception of the Q wave, the slave station is given a spread spectrum code of -4, and the transmission of the slave station is Set up a switch to operate μ and force (σ, upper 1
The master station emits a spread spectrum radio wave modulated by the nuvectrum spread signal of one time from the slave station to be measured, and the slave station to be measured receives the spread spectrum radio wave and turns on the above switch. A position measurement method using a nupectrum broadened tonne wave, which is activated and radiates the same spectrum widened tonne wave from the transmitter. 2) Spread spectrum switch 1 of the patent claim which operates in response to the transmission frequency of 1)
hl-position measurement method using the Nuvectrum diffusion wave described in Section VC. 3. A position measuring system using spread spectrum radio waves according to claim 1, wherein the three switches are operated in response to the spread spectrum code of the spread spectrum i wave. Close the 4 switch at the same time as the reception of the Nuvectorum diffused radio wave, stop receiving the 7vectorum diffused radio wave, and then
Claims 2 or 3 open after a certain period of time.
A position measurement method using spread spectrum commercial waves as described in . 5. Periodically inverting at least one period of the Nuvectra spread code contained in the radio waves emitted from the main station as a synchronization signal,
The position measuring method using spread spectrum radio waves according to claim 1, wherein the slave station closes the switch after a time set for the slave station after receiving the synchronization signal.