JPS59212169A - Backing method for one-side welding - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a defectless penetration bead in the stage of performing one- side welding of metallic materials by using a backing strip by interposing a coating layer contg. a specific material having a laminar crystal lattice structure between the metallic materials to be welded and the backing strip. CONSTITUTION:One-side welding of materials 1, 1' to be welded such as steel materials by using a backing strip 2 is accomplished by interposing a coating layer 12 contg. a material having a laminar crystal lattice structure such as boron nitride, graphite, graphite fluoride, tungsten disulfide, molybdenum disulfide or the like as an essential component between the materials 1, 1' and the strip 2 and subjecting these materials to one-side welding. The layer 12 has excellent heat resistance, electrical insulating characteristic and release property and therefore a penetration bead 3 which is free from defects such as a blowhole, undercut, overlap, etc. unlike the coating layer consisting of other materials and has excellent quality is easily formed. The layer 12 is repeatedly usable and is highly economical as well.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a single-sided welding method for welding metallic phases. In detail, we will discuss the advantages of welding only from one side of the material to be welded, which allows for the inversion of parts and the omission of face lifting in order to streamline the assembly process, as well as the elimination of face welding due to a top-to-face position. This is related to this method.

The purpose is to provide a backing method for single-sided welding that is highly effective in obtaining a beautiful and defect-free backing bead in single-sided welding.

Conventionally, single-sided welding has been proposed and implemented as a welding method for large 114 structures such as shipbuilding and bridges, but in the future it will also be used for 11 NG tanks, refrigerated containers, offshore plants, architecture, steel structures, etc. In the field of welding, welding has progressed to larger sizes and larger capacities, and the use of single-sided welding has rapidly increased, and technical development of new backing methods for single-sided welding is progressing in various places.

Examples of these conventionally proposed methods include, for example, Figures 1 to 3.
The one shown in the figure is the main one.1) It has the following drawbacks, and at present it has not reached the point where it can add 1 file.

Figures 1 to 3 show the conventional single-sided 47-joint backing method, and (11) is a cross-sectional view after welding.

First, the backing method shown in FIG.
This is done by pressing a backing (2) made of a copper plate or the like onto the 13th part of the groove using an air hose, magnet, etc., but in this case, even if the welding conditions are adjusted, the welding process will continue. When an overheated part occurs, a part of the backing material (2) itself melts, and it is easy to cause a phenomenon of N1 adhesion after being melted. ), the backing bead 1 (3) has irregularities and defects, including part of the fused structure of the backing metal which is uneven and welded, which causes damage to the aesthetics and mechanical strength of the welded part. Therefore, it becomes necessary to remove the defective back bead with a grinder, and in some cases, it becomes necessary to perform additional surface welding to repair it.

In addition, the person's score is 'A' (2) K is provided m (41 is,
As a result, the rig (4) became rickety as shown in Figure (11), making it impossible to use the trench again, and another site to be melted. When welding paulownia on one side, a new backing A'A' (2) must be purchased.

Next, the backing method shown in FIG.
11 (1'1) A heat-resistant glass fiber (5) is sandwiched between 1 and the backing material (2). !' (1) (1'
Between the fusion of l and the backing money as per person i・Δ(2) 11
The problem is solved, but the welding heat causes the glass fiber (
5) Partial damage to the binder occurs, resulting in the generation of combustion gas and water vapor, which damages the welding area and damages the plastic.
-・J・- A defect that tends to occur (6) occurs.

In the case of this method as well, when welding another welded object, the glass fiber (5) is deformed and worn due to partial combustion, so the restraint 6 cannot be used, and a new glass identification (5) is required. ) need to be procured.

Furthermore, the proofing method shown in Fig. 3 is
Powder-like solid flux (7) is filled with granular flux (8), and the welded part (3) is relatively sound and no holes are generated. Although it is difficult to do so, the arc during welding is disturbed, resulting in an increase in spatter and a large amount of slag θ (reeds) deposited on the front side of the welding area, both of which make it difficult to clean up and dig after welding. It brings about haziness.

1. If the amount of powder or granular flux (8) charged is small, a portion of (7) often melts into the brick-like solid flanno, and as it floats up, the welded part (3) cools. Due to solidification, the slag is trapped inside the welding part (3) and may cause a defect other than a blowhole called slag entrainment OD.

The present inventors have solved the various drawbacks of the conventional method as described in "L". ) The present invention was arrived at as a result of research to develop a backing method for single-sided welding.

That is, the present invention directly or indirectly interposes a layer containing a layered crystal lattice structure material between the welding material and the backing material, and then welds them by pressing them into contact. The gist of this article is a method for using 11 cores on one side, which is characterized by the following.

In addition, the present invention is designed to contain various substances such as graphite, graphite fluoride, tungsten oxide/1f oxide, boron nitride, and molybdenum disulfide as necessary components between the open bottom of the material to be welded and the backing ladle. This is a method in which a coating layer containing one or more types of crystalline lattice structure substances is interposed and then welding is performed.

This will be explained with reference to FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the method of the present invention, in which (1) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the backing method, and (11) is a cross-sectional view of part 11 after welding. −
As shown in this figure, between the welding hole (1) (the lower part of the white groove) and the backing material (2) that fixes the J14 1A (41) that is based on the required back bead shape, Layered crystal lattice IJ4r6
A coating layer θ of a material is interposed between the two and the two are then brought into contact with each other under pressure, and arc welding is performed from above.

Using this backing method, after melting (11 (1'l))
If arc welding is performed from one side of the groove, the matching material (
The molten sacrificial metal j, ij < flows into the upper surface of the groove (4) of 2) to form '4 B)' (31. At this time, the molten metal 1
Gold 1: '+, j is ;, ・Wave m of I-like crystal lattice structure material
PKj (J2+ covers the surface of the backing 4i' (2+, so it melts the groove (4), does not have to mix with the secondary Uniform back bead with no cut or overlap (
3) is obtained.

In the present invention, the coating A''!iH may be a layer consisting only of a material with a layered crystal lattice structure.
), appropriate volatile solvents and dispersants may be added, and when dispersing in water, alcohol and other water-soluble solvents, leveling agents, etc. may be added as rust preventive agents, preservatives, and drying aids. , In order to impart hardness and adhesion between layered crystal lattice structure materials, combustion products are generated and defects such as pro-ho/L/ are formed in the welded part. Various synthetic resins, oils and fats, ', 71
．． It is possible to add organic binding aids such as embroidery point solvents and surfactants, and inorganic binding aids such as clay and sodium silicate.

As mentioned above, the layered crystal lattice structure material as an essential component in the present invention includes graphite, graphite fluoride, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, and molybdenum disulfide. It provides excellent effects.

In the present invention, the term "editaku (2)" usually refers to copper, iron,
This refers to a stainless steel, aluminum, or 9" long dowel, but it may also be a fire-resistant and heat-resistant non-metallic solid backing material.

Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, other substances, such as xinnan, are present between the coating layer (1) of the layered crystal lattice structure material coated on the back layer (2) and the material to be welded (1). Depending on the situation, a fluxing agent or glass fiber may be interposed, and the protection of the back cover (2) may be achieved by this.

The layered crystal lattice structure material in the present invention is 1111, l
It has excellent thermal properties, electrical insulation properties, and mold release properties, and has good peeling properties on the surface of molten metal. The backing material itself will not melt even if an overheated part occurs as welding progresses due to its self-lubricity, which is oriented without any gaps.
Therefore, the material to be welded and the backing material can be separated immediately after welding is completed without causing any fusion phenomenon.
Since the grooves provided in the P backing material are not damaged by fusion, they can be reused any number of times even when welding one side of another material to be welded.

1. The welded part obtained by welding is made of glass fiber.
u < 3p Since there is no sintering component, there is no generation of gas that damages the welding area and no pro-hono J. Also, since there is no component that turns into slag like fluff, the arc during welding is disturbed and spatter increases.Ifg Very beautiful and sound one-sided welding without welding defects is achieved without slag adhering to the front side of the welding part or single slag being trapped inside the welding part to cause nug inclusion.

2. By using the coating layer containing the layered crystal lattice structure material as an essential component on the surface of the hard tag, it is possible to prevent the welding of the dag and the withered bead. This makes cutting easier.

As described above in detail, the present invention makes it possible to practically perform single-sided welding, which is much superior to conventional single-sided welding backing methods, and the advantages in terms of installation are as follows: It is as follows.

(13 After one-sided welding, the welded part and the backing A can be removed very easily without using tools such as a hammer or chisel to remove the parts.

(2) After welding, the welded area is sound and free of blowholes, slag entrainment, etc.

(3) There is no increase in spatter or slag adhesion on the surface of the bead 1 due to the use of a backing material, and cleaning work around the bead after welding is extremely easy.

(4) There is no fusion between the material to be welded and the backing bead, and since the molten layer (metal solidifies) has a uniform shape, a very uniform backing bead with a constant width can be obtained.

(5) Since the backing material can be made of various materials, the pressing force and contact method can be selected according to the selection of advantages.

(6) There is no danger of ignition, gas or smoke during welding, and the working environment is extremely good.

(7) When glass fiber or flux backing is used, a uniform backing bead cannot be formed unless it is completely melted, and therefore relatively skill is required; It can be welded by simply inserting it into the welding area and does not require any skill.

Example 1 A material to be welded and a backing material were brought into contact under pressure under the above conditions, and welded under the conditions described below to obtain the method of the present invention.

For comparison, the following three points were simultaneously tested as a conventional method.

Conventional method I: The object 44 to be welded and the misplaced ladle were pressed against each other under -i1 pressure.

Conventional method B: After being melted, a commercially available glass dab was sandwiched between the moon and the 1']k abutment image, and they were brought into contact with each other under pressure.

Conventional method C: Use a brick-like solid backing 4J of Ichituzo as the front month, and after melting, apply granular fufunokume [consisting of Alumibu, Makufusia, and Nrunnikonia] to 11)j with Ichituzo. 1. Place these in contact with each other.C6 Welding conditions (1) Welding method: Argon-carbon dioxide gas release method on one side (2) Wire diameter for convenience: 1.2 tone (3) Welding posture ...Downward mating (4) Welding current: 270Δ (5) Welding voltage: 30V (6) Welding speed: 10cm/min (7) Gas composition and flow rate: 80% argon/20% carbon dioxide, 20l /min The above test results are shown in the table below.

(i) Peelability of welded material and backing material after welding (ii) Radiographic test of welded part (iii) Radiographic test of welded part (iv) Damage to groove of backing material or damage to backing material (v) Other Examples 2 Instead of the boron nitride used in Example 1, graphite, graphite fluoride, tungsten disulfide, and molybdenum disulfide were used in the same order as in Example 1 in the grooves and surrounding areas of the copper backing material. Prior to welding, a volatile solvent dispersed in the same manner was applied to each of the parts, and the parts were brought into contact with each other under pressure, and melting was performed repeatedly.

As a result, regardless of the type of layered crystal lattice structure material, as in the case of boron nitride in Example 1, the grooves provided in the backing material were found to be sound and could still be reused even after the test was completed. It was a state.

Example 3 Instead of the copper backing material used in Example 1, metal backing materials such as iron, stainless steel, and aluminum were used, as well as graphite, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, fused alumina, and fused zirconia. Use various backing materials such as fireproof and heat-resistant non-metallic materials such as plates, and
A dispersion of boron nitride in a volatile solvent was applied to the material, and the material was brought into pressure contact with a wave welding abrasion, and welding was performed under the same welding conditions as in Example 1.

As a result, in all tests, there was no fusion of the groove of the backing material with the material to be welded, and all the backing materials could be easily removed.

Moreover, the deformation of the groove was the same as the state before welding with the exception of aluminum. In the case of aluminum, because the softening point of aluminum itself is low, there is a tendency for a part of the groove to deform and the width of the groove to change slightly, but this deformation can be prevented by applying heat-resistant processing such as alumite processing to the area around the groove. did it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1, 2, and 3 show the conventional backing method for single-sided welding, and (1) is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the backing method, and (ii) is a cross-sectional view after welding. be. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the method of the present invention, in which (1) is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the backing method, and (ii) is a cross-sectional view after welding. (1) (1)... Material to be welded, (2)... Backing material, (3
)... Back bead (welded part), (4)... Groove, (5)
...Glass fiber, (6) ...Blowhole, (7)
... Brick-like solid backing material, (8) ... Powder or granular flux, (9) ... Sputter, (10) ...
... Slag, (11) ... Slag entrainment, (12)
...Covering layer made of layered crystal lattice structure material Patent applicant Ishihara Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Figure 4 Procedure i'ili positive, 1:117'Ia day 58 Ij-1] no (/θ1-1 Japan Patent Office) Government l Indication of the case 1987 Patent y4irl No. 087118 2 Name of the invention Backing method for single-sided welding 3 Person making the amendment Relationship to the case !l'h n'l''Applicant's address Kobe i
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Akino number. 7 wo city 1F zl Zomei @l-:! :'s "invention;1" (Tsugi na 1, "shi (1 Ming") 11.
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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A coating layer containing a layered crystal lattice structure material as an essential component is directly or indirectly interposed between the welding material and the backing material, and then these are brought into pressure contact. A backing method for single-sided welding, which is characterized by welding. 2. The backing method for single-sided welding according to claim 1, wherein the layered crystal lattice structure material is boron nitride.