JPS59199118A - Method and device for working material to be worked in its width direction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To work plastically a material to be worked properly in its width direction while controlling the variance of sheet thickness in the width direction, by applying a pressing force to the material from one side in the width direction at the outlet side of rolling rolls. CONSTITUTION:A material 1 to be worked is plastically worked in its width direction by rolling it with rolling rolls 2 and applying a passing force to it constrainingly with said rolling, while restricting its one side, by providing vertical rolls 3, whose positions are made adjustable by moving them in the width direction of material 1, to the outlet side of the rolls 2. In this working, the sheet thickness in the width direction is kept constant beacause the difference in the width direction of the increase of length is absorbed by a strain in the width direction. Further in said method, it is preferable to provide vertical rolls 4, 5, and 6 for constraining the material 1 as guide rolls, to the inlet and outlet sides of the rolls 2.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides a method for plastic working in the width direction of a workpiece, that is,
The present invention relates to a processing method for camber bending and camber bend correction.

The conventional camber bending methods are as follows:
It can be roughly divided into types.

(1) Bending process using three rolls.

(2) Bending by one-sided pressure.

(3) Bending by partial reduction.

However, all of these methods have the problem that the plate thickness after processing varies in the width direction of the plate, as described below. That is, in the first method, the first
roll, and a second and third roll on the opposite side to restrain both sides of the material and bend the material toward the first roll, but this method uses one roll on the inside of the bend. (1st
As the material is subjected to the load during forming by the rolls), the edge of the material partially thickens, resulting in variations in board thickness in the board width direction. This kind of thickening of the edge part is 20% of the plate thickness.
In some cases, this can be a major hindrance in subsequent processes. For example, ring rib materials for shield construction segments are manufactured by combining and welding multiple processed materials from the above processing, but if there is a shape defect in the edge part as described above, dimensional errors may occur or the welded butt parts may Various problems arise, such as the need to fill the resulting gap with welding material. Next, in the second method, when rolling with the upper and lower rolls, both rolls are tilted, thereby narrowing the roll interval on one side and rolling the material, so that the side with reduced thickness in the width direction of the plate is rolled. This method is used for machining relatively large curvatures, such as the fins of fin tubes. In addition, the third method described above is a method in which bending is caused by rolling only the 10,000 side in the width direction of the plate, with this rolled side facing outward. It has the advantage that it can be processed up to curvature. However, in both of these second and third methods, the plate is bent by utilizing the variation difference in plate thickness in the width direction of the material, so naturally the plate thickness after processing is the same in the width direction. Thickness was reduced due to the fc layer, which caused a step and was not uniform.
Therefore, it is subject to various restrictions in actual use.

In addition, especially in the method (2) above, when processing a wide plate, it is easy to roll only the vicinity of the edge of the plate, which can cause ear waves to occur at the edge and cause shape defects after processing. There are problems such as causing

The present invention was devised in view of the shortcomings of the conventional methods, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method that can appropriately plastically work a material in the width direction while suppressing variations in plate thickness in the width direction. It is.

For this reason, the invention focused on the fact that materials placed in a plastic state are easily deformed by the addition of a slight stress, and devised a method to perform plastic working in the width direction by a combination of roll rolling and bending. 21, specifically, by rolling the workpiece with rolls and applying a pressing force to the workpiece from the negative side in the width direction on the exit side of the rolling rolls, the workpiece is rolled in the width direction. Its basic feature is that it is plastically worked. In addition, in order to suitably carry out such a rolling method, vertical rollers are provided on the inlet and outlet sides of the rolling rolls to be in contact with the widthwise side of the workpiece, and at least the vertical rollers on the outlet side are provided. Another basic feature is that it is configured to be movable in the width direction of the workpiece.

As mentioned above, when a metal material is placed in a plastic state,
Although it is easily deformed by applying a slight stress, the present invention takes advantage of this property and applies a lateral force to the workpiece at the exit side of the rolls during roll rolling. The length increase due to rolling of the workpiece in the roll gap is changed in the width direction, causing plastic deformation in the material in the width direction.sb
As a result, plastic working can be performed in the width direction without causing variations in plate thickness in the width direction.

Such plastic working can be applied to so-called camber bending, and can also be applied to correcting materials with camber bending. Further, the processing can be applied to not only plate materials but also long steel materials such as shaped copper.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the apparatus of the present invention and the state of implementation thereof, in which (1) is a workpiece (plate material), and (2) is a rolling roll (flat roll).

A vertical roll (3) is installed on the exit side of the rolling roll (2) to restrain one side of the workpiece and apply a pressing force.This vertical roll (3) It is configured so that it can be adjusted in multiple positions by moving in the width direction of the material.Also, on the entry side of the rolling roll (2), there is a roll on the same side as the vertical roll (3) and on the workpiece material side. A vertical roll (4) is provided to restrain the workpiece so that the workpiece does not shift horizontally due to the pressure exerted by the vertical roll (3) on the exit side. If the machine is used, the workpiece material (1
) is rolled by the rolling rolls (2), and at the same time is restrained on one side by the vertical rolls (4) on the entry side, and on the negative side in the width direction by the vertical rolls (3) on the exit side. and a pressing force is applied. Due to such suppression, the rolling roll (2)
In the roll gap, the stress due to the above-mentioned pressing and the stress due to rolling are combined, and as mentioned above, the increase in length due to rolling of the material in the roll gap changes in the width direction,
The workpiece (1) is bent in the width direction toward the side opposite to the vertical roller.

The difference in length increase in the width direction is absorbed by the strain in the width direction, and the plate thickness in the width direction is kept constant.

In addition, to explain the above-mentioned apparatus more specifically, vertical rolls (3) and (
Vertical rolls (5) and (6) are provided for restraining the side of the workpiece opposite to 4). These R-shaped rolls mainly serve as guide rolls for the workpiece (1), and the vertical rolls (3) and (4) are also placed close to the rolling roll (2). has been done. ! Vertical roll on the exit side that should apply pressing force to the processed material (3)
It is preferable to provide a plurality of them consecutively, as shown by the chain lines in the figure, so that the machining can be carried out smoothly. However, not only the vertical roll (3) but also the vertical roll (4) on the rolling roll entry side and the vertical rolls (5) (6) on the rolling roll entry and exit sides on the opposite side are covered. It is possible to configure the position to be adjustable in the width direction of the workpiece, so that the width of the workpiece can be adjusted regardless of the width of the workpiece, the degree of processing curvature, whether camber bending or camber correction, etc. This makes it possible to perform general-purpose plastic working in different directions. Figure 2 also shows the
This shows the machining status using die rolls, with vertical rolls (3
) and (5) are composed of grooved rolls, and this structure restrains the gills : ) of the workpiece (1). Note that this vertical roll can also be configured as a flat roll. The bearing member (7) of each vertical roll is held by a position adjustment means (8), and the position can be adjusted in the width direction of the workpiece.

Figure 3 0) or c) and Figure 4 (a) or c)
are the results of investigating the thickness distribution in the width direction of plate materials processed by the method of the present invention, and the plate thickness (to) 2 tm and the plate width (wo
) A 20-bar aluminum extrusion material (3S-F) was used as a test material, and was bent by the method of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Of these, Fig. 3 (a) to c) shows the case where the rolling reduction ratio (red) by the rolling roll is kept approximately constant and the bending curvature (l/p) is changed! FIGS. 4(a) to 4(c) show the case where the bending curvature (]/ρ) is kept substantially constant and the rolling reduction ratio (red) is varied. Note that the plate width is expressed with the outside of the bend as zero. As these figures show, there is almost no change in wall thickness in the width direction in any case.

As shown in Figure 3 (c), as the curvature increases, the outside of the bend (position in the sheet width direction = Omm) becomes thinner, but in this case, the thickness is only reduced by about 10μ at most. do not have. Note that the wall thickness changes shown in Figures 4 (b) and (c) are due to the plate crown that occurs as the rolling reduction increases, as in general rolling (inverted crown in Figure 4 (a)). This is because the shape of the sample material was an extreme inverted crown).

Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, as described above, the material can be bent with a small bending force (pressing force) because the combined stress caused by rolling and lateral compression causes plastic deformation.

This bending force is 173 to 1/4 that of simple bending.
The maximum load that can be accommodated in conventional three-roll processing is about 1/6 to 17/8. Therefore, in the method of the present invention, the deformation of the edge portion due to the large load required for bending can be avoided. (meat increase) can be appropriately suppressed. Figures 5 (i) and 5) show that a steel material with a thickness of 22 pieces and a width of 1305 m is made into a segment ring rib material with a curvature lh3-1 = It shows a cross section of a plate material after camber bending to 0.3 X l Ovan. (a) is the method of the present invention, and (b) is the conventional method.In contrast to the conventional method, the plate material has a bulge of around 1.5W on one side at the edge, whereas the method of the present invention In the case of the law, such a height of 9 is rarely seen. Due to this effect of preventing thickening of the edge portion, it is expected that the yield of welding material in segment production will be improved by about 10 to 5%, and the work efficiency will be improved by about 10%.

Further, the above bending force decreases as the reduction rate increases. 6th
The figure shows an example of the relationship between the rolling reduction and the bending force exerted by the vertical rolls (3), in which two types of aluminum extrusions with different thicknesses were bent as test materials. Of these, A
The sample material is plate thickness (to) 5m, plate width (WO) 20w,
B sample material has plate thickness (to) column 2 and plate width (WO) 20 t.
Curvature (1/ρ) -1,14X for each sample material
It was bent with care. As is clear from the figure, when the curvature is kept constant, the larger the reduction ratio, the smaller the bending force.

In the method of the present invention, the bending curvature is determined to a large extent by the advancing position of the vertical roll (3) in the lateral direction, that is, the position in the rolling roll axis direction, regardless of the rolling reduction amount, sheet width, strength, etc. Therefore, even if there are the above-mentioned fluctuation factors, the desired bending curvature can always be obtained by setting the roll position. In the conventional bending method using one side reduction, the curvature can be changed greatly depending on the balance of the reduction on the left and right sides, but it is difficult to stably obtain a predetermined curvature due to the problem of the reduction balance, whereas the method of the present invention As described above, a predetermined curvature can be stably obtained. Figures 7 and 8 show the relationship between rolling reduction and bending curvature, and the vertical roll position (vertical roll (3) does not apply pressing force to the workpiece) using test materials made of extruded aluminum material. The relationship between the bending curvature and the distance along the axis of the rolling roll from the position in contact with the roll is shown, and according to this, the curvature is constant (1/ρ=1 .14XI
It can be seen that the bending curvature of the workpiece is determined by the position occupied by the vertical roll (3) in the lateral direction. Figure 9 shows the frequency distribution of bending curvature errors in the method of the present invention in comparison with that in the three-roll bending method. A steel material with a width of 130wn has a curvature of l/ρ=0.3XlOrtun for segment ring lip material.
The bending error δ after camber bending was determined as follows.

δ”’h-h.

bO: Target amount of curvature h: Actual amount of curvature In the figure, (a) shows the method of the present invention, and (b) shows the case of the conventional method. I can see what is being done.

In addition, since the method of the present invention basically involves flat pressure and bending, there is no need to balance the reduction unlike the conventional bending method using one-side reduction, and from this point of view, it is possible to achieve the desired bending curvature. can be obtained stably.

The above-mentioned plastic working is exactly the same even when straightening a material that has so-called camber bending, and the workpiece that has camber bending is pressed by vertical rolls from the inside of the bend. straightened out. Utilizing the method of the present invention to correct such camber white spots is extremely useful for the following reasons. In other words, normally roll-formed products (formed shaped steel, electric resistance welded pipes, etc.) are made by unwinding hot coils to form blank sheets, but hot-rolled sheets often have camber bends at the leading and trailing ends of the coil. There is also some camber bending in the center of the coil. If there is such a camber curve in the raw board, there is a problem that the left and right balance will be lost during roll forming and the precision of the product shape will decrease. Even if it is pressed, the product may be twisted or the edge of the plate may be damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the camber curvature before the above-mentioned forming, but with the conventional one-side reduction method or 30-1 method, not only the problem of uneven thickness in the width direction as described above occurs, but also , measure the amount of camber curvature, determine the amount of correction commensurate with this amount of curvature,
It is necessary to perform a difficult and complicated operation to correct this amount, and large-scale equipment is required to measure this camber whitening. On the other hand, in the present invention, the amount of bending is determined only by the position of the vertical rolls, so it is only necessary to determine the position of the vertical rolls so that the blank sheet is straight. This makes it possible to easily correct camber distortion without the need to determine.

The above-mentioned camber bending and camber correction are
In addition, it can be applied to a variety of other uses, such as straightening the camber of spiral steel pipes, camber processing of shaped steel, and manufacturing of tapered thick plates (adding straightening bending at the same time as one-piece rolling).

According to the present invention described above, since the plastic working in the width direction of the workpiece is performed by a combination of rolling and bending, there is no increase in thickness at the edges or variation in the thickness in the width direction of the sheet. It is possible to stably process the desired processing state, and therefore it is possible to appropriately perform camber bending and cabling correction of long steel products such as plates and shaped steel. Since it can be carried out using a relatively simple device consisting of a roll and a vertical roll on the exit side thereof, it can be said that the invention has high industrial utility value.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 schematically show the apparatus of the present invention and the processing method using the same, Fig. 1 is an overall explanatory view, and Fig. 2 is an explanatory view showing the processing situation using vertical rolls on the exit side. . Third
Figures 3 and 4 show the wall thickness distribution in the width direction of the plate material processed by the method of the present invention, and Figure 3 G) or Figure 4)
4 shows the wall thickness distribution when the rolling reduction rate is approximately constant and the curvature is changed, and FIGS. FIG. 5(f) shows the cross-sectional shape of the plate after processing by the method of the present invention, and FIG. 5(b) shows the cross-sectional shape of the plate after processing by the conventional three-roll method. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between rolling reduction and bending force in the method of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between bending curvature and rolling reduction in the method of the present invention. 8th
The figure shows the relationship between the vertical roll position and the bending curvature in the method of the present invention. The ninth figure shows the frequency distribution of bending curvature errors in the method of the present invention, and FIG. 9 (b) shows the frequency distribution of bending curvature errors in the conventional three-roll method. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for determining the amount of nine pieces of music shown in FIG. 9. In the figure, (1) is the workpiece, (2) is the rolling roll,
(3) shows each vertical roll. Patent applicant: Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. Inventor: Toyodo Mihara Yasushi Tozawa Postal agent: Sho Yoshihara ) Fig. 4 Drafting force front device (mm) Enobu front snoring device (mm)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) While rolling the workpiece material multiple times using rolling rolls,
A method of plastic working in the width direction of a workpiece, characterized in that the workpiece is plastically worked in the width direction by applying a pressing force to the workpiece from the negative side of the workpiece on the exit side of the rolling rolls. . (2) Vertical rollers to be in contact with the widthwise side of the corrugated material are provided on the inlet and outlet sides of the rolling rolls, and at least the M-type roller on the outlet side is positioned at a position in the width direction of the workpiece. A processing device in the width direction of a workpiece, characterized in that it is configured to be adjustable.