JPS59184468A - Fuel cell power generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase utilization of fuel by removing carbon dioxide gas by introducing fuel gas exhausted from a fuel cell main body to a carbon dioxide remover and by supplying it again to the fuel body main body as fuel. CONSTITUTION:A fuel cell power generating device consists of a fuel cell main body 101, an electric power converter 102 in which electric energy generated in the fuel cell main body 101 is converted in electric power, and a fuel reformer 103 which supplies hydrogen gas obtained from fossil fuel to the fuel cell main body. Gas supplied from a fuel tank 110 is reformed in a reformer 108 and transferred to a CO modifier 109 through a piping line 112 and ratio of CO is reduced there. Then the gas is supplied to a hydrogen electrode 104 of the fuel cell main body 101 through a fuel supply piping line 113. A carbon dioxide remover 116 is installed in the fuel reformer 103. Exhaust gas after reaction in the hydrogen electrode 104 is introduced to the carbon dioxide remover 116 through an exhaust gas flow piping line 117 and CO2 is removed there to use it as fuel repeatedly. Thereby, utilization of fuel is increased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel cell power generation device that generates electric power by introducing, for example, hydrogen gas as a fuel and air as an oxidizing agent to generate stain energy through an electrochemical reaction.

A conventional example will be explained with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell power generation device.

The symbol M in the figure indicates the fuel cell main body, and the fuel cell power generation device consists of this fuel cell main body, the fuel cell main body natural gas, and the fuel cell main body.
The fuel reformer 1 is configured to supply hydrogen gas obtained from fossil fuels such as Z gas, naphtha, heavy oil, and coal. The fuel cell main body is provided with a hydrogen electrode 4 and an oxygen electrode 5.Air as an oxidizer is supplied to the oxygen electrode 5 via an oxidizer inlet pipe 6, and the exhaust gas flows out from the oxidizer. It is configured to flow out through a pipe 7. On the other hand, a reforming section 8 and a CO modification section 9 are provided between the fuel reformers. Fossil fuel gas stored in a separately provided fuel tank IO is then supplied to the reforming section 8 via a pipe 11. The supplied gas is reformed in the reforming section 8 and sent to the CO modification section 9 via the piping 12f,
Here, the proportion of CO is reduced and the CO is supplied to the hydrogen electrode 4 on the fuel cell main body via the fuel supply pipe 13f. The reforming reaction in the reforming section 8 is carried out at a high temperature (e.g.
This is an endothermic reaction at a temperature of 00°C to 900°C). Therefore, a part of the fossil fuel stored in the fuel tank 1O and the exhaust gas after reacting at the hydrogen electrode 4 are connected to pipes 14 and 15f, respectively, through valves. The above-mentioned high temperature is obtained by introducing the gas into the gas and burning it in a burner (not shown). Note that the reference numeral 16 in the figure indicates an inverter provided in the power converter.

According to the above configuration, the hydrogen gas and air (of which oxygen is reacted) supplied to the fuel cell main body are approximately 50% reacted due to the partial pressure of the active ingredient.
~90%, the remaining seawater flows out of the fuel cell body without reacting, and as mentioned above, for example, hydrogen is
It is used for combustion in In this way, the utilization rate of hydrogen gas supplied onto the fuel cell main body cannot be said to be high, and when evaluated in terms of combustion heat, the efficiency is 50 to 80.
% and for power generation? This is not a good thing in terms of efficiency.

The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned points, and its purpose is to provide fuel that can increase the efficiency of not only the fuel cell itself but also the entire power generation plant by increasing the fuel utilization rate. The object of the present invention is to provide a battery power generation device.

That is, the fuel cell power generation device according to the present invention includes a fuel cell main body that introduces fuel and an oxidizer and generates stain energy through an electrochemical reaction thereof, and a power generator that converts the electrical energy generated from the fuel cell main body into electric power. In a fuel cell power generation device including a conversion device and a fuel reformer that supplies fuel to the fuel cell main body, the fuel reformer is provided with a carbon dioxide removal device, and the fuel exhaust gas from the fuel cell main body is converted into the carbon dioxide. The fuel is introduced into a gas removal device to remove carbon dioxide gas, and is again supplied to the fuel cell body as fuel.

Therefore, by passing the fuel exhaust gas, which was conventionally used for combustion in the reforming section, through a carbon dioxide removal device, the carbon dioxide gas can be removed and the fuel can be used again as fuel, improving the fuel utilization rate. It can improve the efficiency of not only the battery itself but also the entire power plant.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the fuel cell power generation device according to this embodiment. Reference numeral 101 in the figure indicates a fuel cell main body, and the fuel cell power generation device includes this fuel cell main body 101, a power conversion device 102 that converts electrical energy generated in the fuel cell main body into electric power, and a fuel cell main body that uses a fuel such as natural gas. A fuel reformer 103 that supplies hydrogen gas obtained from fossil fuels such as gas, gas, naphtha, heavy oil, and coal.
It is composed of etc.

The fuel cell main body 101 is provided with a hydrogen electrode 104 and an oxygen electrode 105. Air as an oxidizing agent is supplied to the oxygen electrode tOS through an oxidizing agent inflow pipe 106f, and the exhaust gas flows out from the oxidizing agent. It is configured to flow out through a pipe 107. On the other hand, the fuel reformer 1'DJ is provided with a reforming section 108 and a CO modification section 109. The reforming unit 10B is then connected to the reforming unit 10B via a fossil fuel gas pipe 111 stored in a separately provided fuel tank 110.
supplied to The supplied gas is reformed in the reforming section 10B and sent to the CO modification section No. 09 via the pipe Z12f,
Here, the proportion of CO is reduced and the fuel supply pipe J J 3
This configuration is such that the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen electrode 104 of the fuel cell main body 101 through the fuel cell main body 101. The reforming reaction in the reforming section 10& is an endothermic reaction at a high temperature (for example, 700°C to 900°C), so a part of the fossil fuel stored in the fuel tank 110 is transferred to the pipe 114. Introduced through the burner (
(not shown) to obtain the above-mentioned high temperature. Note that the reference numeral 11& in the figure indicates an inverter provided in the power conversion device 102.

The fuel reformer 103 is provided with a carbon dioxide removal device 116, and the exhaust gas after reacting at the hydrogen electrode 104 is passed through the exhaust gas outlet pipe to the carbon dioxide removal device 116.
117. The introduced exhaust gas has carbon dioxide (CO2) removed by the carbon dioxide removal device 116, and is then returned to the fuel cell main body 10 via the fuel supply pipe 113f.
This is a configuration in which the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen electrode 104 of No. 1.

That is, the exhaust gas from the hydrogen electrode 104, which was conventionally used for combustion in the reforming section 10B, is transferred to the carbon dioxide removal device 116.
This is a configuration that attempts to increase the fuel utilization rate by removing CO2k and reusing it as fuel. As a method for removing carbon dioxide gas in the carbon dioxide removal device 116, there are the following methods.

(2): Physical absorption method in water, methanol or n-methylpyrrolidone.

■Method of physically and chemically absorbing the diimpropanolamine + sulforane solution.

"11: 1-6% 77% = 7' water, 3-1°% NaOH
Aqueous solution, monoethanolamine, jetanolamine,
Alkanolamine aqueous solution, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, about 30% 2CO3 + 2-8 amine solution, about 30% K2CO3 + several thialkanolamine borate, or about 30% 2CO3 + about 150%
11/11 Method of chemically absorbing into AS203 solution.

Therefore, the details of the carbon dioxide removal system using the internal heat carbonation force') (K2CO3) method will be explained with reference to FIG. Figure 3 shows thermal carbonic power! Charcoal W by J (K2CO3)! , is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a gas removal device 116.

In the figure, numeral 120 indicates an absorption tower, and 121 indicates a regeneration tower. Approximately 7 kg of exhaust gas is sent to the straight tower W1.5xzoh of the absorption tower 120 through the exhaust gas outlet pipe rtv and the booster compressor 22f.
The pressure is increased to cnI2g and pumped. On the other hand, absorption tower 1-
2CO is supplied to the top part 120B of the column 20, and 2C03fa is supplied to about 30% of the absorption column 12 through the supply pipe 123.
Flows down within 0. As the above exhaust gas flows down, 2 Co
5 solution and CO2 is removed. That is, 2CO5+ CO2+H20ヰ2KHCO3.

The exhaust gas from which CO2 has been removed is sent to a moisture separator 124F.
After moisture is removed, the gas flows into the fuel supply pipe 113 and is used again as fuel gas. On the other hand, the solution that has absorbed coz is transferred to the top 12 of the regeneration tower 121 by a transfer pump 125 and flows down inside the regeneration tower 121.

At that time, 10 kgi/cm2.1500 kli was supplied to the reboiler 121B via the steam supply pipe 1261.
It is regenerated by the heat of steam for 7 hours and becomes 2 CO3, K.
It is again supplied to the top portion 120B of the absorption tower 120 via the 2CO3 supply bomb f127 and the 2CO5 supply pipe 123 mentioned above. And CO2 is removed from the top 121 of the regeneration tower 121.
The air is then exhausted through the exhaust pipe 12B.

Note that a part of the steam condensed in the regeneration tower 121 is exchanged with a part of the supplied steam in the heat exchanger 129, and is then transferred to the ridilla 1 again.
21B.

According to the above configuration, for example, if each component has N2 of 3
Exhaust gas containing 0 coefficient + 60% CO2, 5% N2, and 5% N20 at a temperature of 150°C and a pressure of 3 kIl/crn.
2 (gauge pressure) When supplied at a flow rate of 1000 Nm3/h, purified gas containing 80% N2 + 7% CO2 and 13% N2 was produced at a temperature of 50°C and a pressure of 6 ksl/J (gauge pressure).

A flow rate of 375 Nm3/b can be obtained. By using this purified gas again as fuel gas, the utilization rate of hydrogen gas as fuel is improved, thereby increasing the efficiency of the fuel cell main body 101 and the entire power generation plant.

Not only the first generation (#) phosphoric acid type as in this example, but also the second generation (molten salt type) and third generation (solid electrolyte)
Even when applied to fuel cell power generation plants, significant effects can be achieved.

As described in detail above, the fuel cell power generation device according to the present invention includes a fuel cell main body that introduces fuel and an oxidizer and generates stain energy through an electrochemical reaction thereof, and an electric energy generated from the fuel cell main body. In a fuel cell power generation device comprising a power converter that converts water into electric power, and a fuel reformer that supplies fuel to the fuel cell main body, the fuel reformer is provided with a carbon dioxide removal device, and the fuel cell water body is The structure is such that the fuel exhaust gas is introduced into the above-mentioned carbon dioxide removal device to remove carbon dioxide gas, and is again supplied as fuel to the fuel cell main body.

Therefore, conventionally, for example, the fuel exhaust gas used for combustion in the reforming section can be passed through a carbon dioxide removal device to remove carbon dioxide and be used as fuel again, improving the fuel utilization rate and improving the fuel cell main body. In addition, the efficiency of the entire power plant can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional fuel cell power generation device, FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell power generation device, and FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a CO2 removal device using the potassium carbonate method. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10j...Fuel cell main body, 102...Power converter, 103...Fuel reformer, l16...Carbon dioxide removal device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A fuel cell body that introduces fuel and an oxidizer and generates stain energy through an electrochemical reaction thereof; a power conversion device that converts the electrical energy generated from the fuel cell body into electric power; In a fuel cell power generation device equipped with a fuel reformer that supplies carbon dioxide, the fuel reformer is provided with a carbon dioxide removal device, and the fuel exhaust gas from the fuel cell main body is introduced into the carbon dioxide removal device to remove carbon dioxide. A fuel cell power generation device characterized in that the fuel is removed and then supplied as fuel to the fuel cell main body again.