JPS59180094A - Scroll type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a pushing force applied to movable element remarkably and reduce frictional resistance to contrive the improvement of life and reliability by a method wherein an annular chamber, enclosed by an Oldham mechanism, a frame, an annular wall and the periphery of a base plate, is formed and the periphery of the base plate is provided with a hole communicating said chamber with the low pressure part of a compression chamber. CONSTITUTION:The annular chamber 52, enclosed by the Oldham mechanism 31, the frame 2, the annular wall 14 and the periphery of the base plate 19, is formed and the periphery of the base plate 19 is provided with the hole 53, communicating said chamber 52 with the low pressure part of the compression chamber P at all times or periodically. According to this method, a pressure in the chamber 52 is always equal to the pressure of the low pressure part of the compression chamber P, therefore, the pushing force applied to the movable element 12 toward the side of fixed element 11 may be reduced remarkably. Accordingly, the frictional resistance between the fixed element 11 and the movable element 12 may be reduced and the improvement of life and reliability may be contrived.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an improvement of a scroll-type compression device in which a scroll-type compression mechanism is housed in a tank.

[Background technology of the invention and its problems]

Scroll-type compression devices are conventionally known as low-pressure compression devices. This compression device has a compression mechanism constructed by combining a pair of scroll blades in the axial direction, and has advantages such as high efficiency, low vibration, etc.

By the way, such a scroll type compression device usually
It is constructed as shown in FIG.

That is, the frame 2 is fixed at a slightly upper position in the tank 1 in a form that partitions the inside of the tank I in the vertical direction,
A scroll type compression mechanism was disposed above the frame 2, a motor 4 for providing driving power for the scroll type compression mechanism was disposed below the frame 2, and lubricating oil 5 was stored at the bottom of the tank 1. It has become a thing.

The scroll type compression mechanism J is composed of a fixed element 11 and a movable element 12 arranged below the fixed element Z1. The fixing element II includes a disk-shaped substrate 13, an annular wall 14 protruding from the peripheral edge of one side of the substrate I3, and a ledge portion surrounded by the annular wall 14 that is approximately equal to the annular wall 14. It is composed of scroll blades 15 that protrude in height, a discharge port I6 provided in the center of the substrate 13, and a suction port 17 provided in the annular wall 14. In the fixing element 11 configured as described above, the peripheral edge of the annular wall 14 is fixed to the inner circumferential surface of the tank I with the protruding direction of the annular wall I4 and the scroll blades 15 facing downward, and the suction port 1
7 is connected to a suction pipe 18 provided through the tank I and the annular wall 14 in an airtight manner. On the other hand, movable element I2
a base plate 19 having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the annular wall 14; a scroll blade 20 protruding from one surface of the base plate 19 at a height approximately equal to the height of the scroll 115;
It consists of a small shaft 21 protruding from the other central part of the substrate 19. The movable element I2 is arranged so that the scroll blade 20 is arranged in a direction in which the scroll blade 20 projects upward.
0 and the scroll blade I5 are engaged with each other, and the substrate 19 is attached so that the peripheral portion thereof is in sliding contact with the end surface of the annular wall 15. It is held by a mechanism 31.

As shown in FIG. 2, the Oldham mechanism 3I has keys 32a and 32b fixed on the lower surface of the base plate 19 and located on the same line on both sides of the small shaft 2I, and keys 32a and 32b fixed on the upper surface of the frame 2. , and keys 33a, 33b fixed on a line orthogonal to the arrangement line of the keys 32a, 32b.
and these keys 33a, 33b, 32a, 32b
grooves 3411 to 34 into which each of the grooves is fitted with a minute gap.
d on the upper and lower surfaces.

The frame 2 is provided with a bearing hole 41 that is eccentric from the axis of the small shaft 21 and extends vertically through the frame 2 . The bearing hole 41 has a large diameter portion located on the small shaft 21 side. The rotating shaft 42 of the motor 4 described above is rotatably supported within the bearing hole 41. The rotating shaft 42 has a large diameter portion 43 formed in a portion located in the large diameter portion of the bearing hole 41 described above, and a hole 44 into which the small shaft 21 described above fits into the large diameter portion 43.
is formed.

The rotary shaft 42 is formed in such a length that its lower end penetrates into the lubricating oil 5, and the lubricating oil 5 is pumped inside by centrifugal pump action to the bearing surface and the fitting between the small shaft 21 and the hole 44. A hole 45 for pumping up water is formed in the part. Further, in FIG. 1, numeral 46 indicates a delivery pipe for sending out high-pressure gas, and 47 indicates a groove for guiding lubricating oil downward.

This device compresses gas in the following manner. That is, when the motor 4 is rotated,
The rotational force is transmitted to the movable element 12 via the shaft 42. In this case, the small shaft 21 of the movable element 12 is eccentric with respect to the axis 42, and is supported by the Oldham mechanism 31, so that the movable element 12 performs a turning motion without rotation. Therefore, the scroll wings 20 of the movable element 12
It also performs a turning movement.

Along with this swirling movement, the volume of the so-called compression chamber P formed between the scroll blades 15° and 20 increases as shown in Fig. 3(a).
, (b) and (e), the compressed gas is discharged from the discharge port 16, and functions as a compression device.

However, the conventional scroll type compression device configured as described above has the following problems. That is, in order for this device to work well, it is necessary to lubricate each sliding part well. For this reason, in the conventional device, a hole 4 that performs a centrifugal pump function is provided in the rotating shaft 42 of the motor 4.
5 is provided so that the lubricating oil 5 contained in the bottom of the tank 1 is pumped up and supplied to each sliding part. That is, the lubricating oil pumped up by the hole 45 lubricates between the inner peripheral surface of the bearing hole 4I and the rotating shaft 42, and then lubricates between the inner peripheral surface of the hole 44 and the small shaft 21. Next, the Oldham mechanism 31 is lubricated, and then the sliding part between the annular wall 14 and the base plate 19 is lubricated, and after entering the compression chamber P, the sliding part of the scroll blade 15.20 is lubricated, and then the discharge port is lubricated. 16 with the gas and subsequently circulates back through the groove 47 to the bottom of the tank 1. Therefore, during operation, the inside of the tank 1 is maintained at a high pressure. On the other hand, the pressure in the compression chamber P is maintained at a low pressure in the periphery and a high pressure in the center due to the principle of compression.

For this reason, the base plate 19 of the movable element 12 has a tank! A pressure difference between the pressure inside the compression chamber P and the pressure inside the compression chamber P is added, and this pressure difference acts as an upward force that strongly presses the movable element 12 against the fixed element 11.

For this reason, the frictional resistance of the sliding parts between the fixed element 11 and the movable element 12 increases, which not only increases the wear of these parts but also increases the driving power, and in extreme cases, the sliding parts may seize. There was a problem.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention was developed in view of these circumstances, and its purpose is to reduce the frictional resistance between the fixed element and the movable element, thereby extending the service life, improving reliability, and An object of the present invention is to provide a scroll type compression device that can reduce driving power.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention provides a scroll-type compression mechanism in which a fixed element and a movable element are combined in the axial direction, which is accommodated in a tank, wherein the movable element has the above-mentioned surface on the side opposite to the fixed element. The present invention is characterized in that a chamber is provided in which the peripheral portion of the movable element is formed as part of the wall surface, and a hole is provided in the peripheral portion of the movable element to communicate the chamber with a low pressure portion in the compression chamber of the scroll type compression mechanism.

〔Effect of the invention〕

With the above configuration, the differential pressure near the low pressure portion of the compression chamber, where the differential pressure between the pressure inside the compression chamber and the press-in of the movable element on the outside is particularly large, can be reduced to approximately zero. Therefore, compared to conventional devices, the pressing force applied to the movable element can be significantly reduced, and the frictional resistance between the fixed element and the movable element can be reduced. As a result, wear of the sliding parts of both elements can be suppressed.1. Not only can the life be extended and reliability be improved, but also the driving power can be reduced.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 shows a compression device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts as in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. Therefore, the explanation of the overlapping parts will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the ring 35 of the Oldham mechanism 31
The O-ring 51 is formed so that the entire upper and lower surfaces thereof are in sliding contact with the lower surface of the substrate 19 and the upper surface of the frame 2, respectively.
The Oldham mechanism 31, the frame 2, and the annular wall 14 are interposed 9-
A hole 5 forms a quadruple annular chamber 52 at the periphery of the substrate 19 and communicates the chamber 52 with the low pressure part of the compression chamber P constantly or periodically at the periphery of the substrate 19.
3 is provided as shown in FIG. 5 by enlarging the portion indicated by A in FIG. 4.

With this configuration, the pressure within the chamber 52 is always equal to the low pressure portion pressure of the compression chamber P, so the pressing force applied to the movable element 12 toward the fixed element 11 can be suppressed to a sufficiently small value. In other words, the pressure inside the compression chamber P is at its center,
In other words, the area near the discharge port 16 is the highest and the peripheral area is the lowest.

On the other hand, the pressure inside the tank 1 is equal to that near the discharge port 16. Therefore, in the case where the chamber 52 is not provided, the differential pressure shown in FIG. On the other hand, if a chamber 52 communicating with the low pressure part of the compression chamber P is provided as in the present invention, as shown in FIG.
- A pressing force due to the differential pressure Y acts on the portion located inside the dam mechanism 31, and a separation force as shown by 2 acts on the portion located outside the Oldham mechanism 31. Therefore, by setting the position of the Oldham mechanism 31 as desired, the pressing force can be canceled out by the repulsion force, and as a result, the pressing force applied to the movable element 12 can be significantly reduced compared to the conventional device. Therefore, the frictional resistance between the fixed element 11 and the movable element 12 can be reduced, thereby reducing wear on the sliding parts, extending the overall life, improving reliability, and reducing power consumption. Become. In addition, as in the embodiment, the Oldham mechanism 31 is also used as a part of the elements constituting the chamber 52, and furthermore, in order to communicate the chamber 52 and the low pressure part of the compression chamber P, holes are provided in the periphery of the movable element 120.
3 has the advantage that manufacturing can be facilitated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional scroll type compression device;
The figure is a diagram for explaining the Oldham mechanism of the same device, FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the compression operation of the device, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll type compression device according to an embodiment of the present invention. ,
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the device, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining the functions of the conventional device and the device of the present invention in correspondence with each other. 1...Tank, 2...Frame, 3...Scroll type compression mechanism, 4...Motor, 5...Lubricating oil, IZ
...Fixed element, 12...Movable element, 15.20...
・Scroll blade, 16...Discharge port, 17...Suction port, 31...Oldham mechanism, 52...Room, 53...
- Hole, P... Compression chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A scroll-type compression mechanism consisting of a fixed element and a movable element, each of which is formed in a shape that is combined in the axial direction to form a compression chamber between them, and each of which has scroll blades that engage with each other within the compression chamber. The compression chamber is housed in a tank, and the suction port of the compression chamber is communicated with the outside of the tank, and the discharge port of the compression chamber is communicated with the outside of the tank via the inside of the tank, and the compressor is powered by a motor provided in the tank. In a scroll type compression device that performs gas compression by making the movable element rotate without rotation, a peripheral portion of the surface is arranged on a surface of the movable element opposite to the fixed element. A scroll type compression device, characterized in that a chamber is provided as a part of a wall surface, and a hole is provided in a peripheral portion of the movable element to communicate the chamber with a low pressure section of the compression chamber.