JPS59161504A - Wave dissipater - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To raise the effect of wave dissipation by providing a mechanism to make primary wave dissipation by the rocking of the wave dissipater body and secondary wave dissipation by jetting of high-pressure air from an air chamber by waves into water. CONSTITUTION:A wave dissipater body 1 is moored to a mooring anchor 3 provided to the bottom 4 under water in a rocking manner by using a pivotal shaft 5, and an air chamber 2 is formed above an opening 7 provided in the wall of the body 1. An air intake valve 6 and an air inlet pipe 8 are provided to the air chamber 2, and an air bubble pipe 9 is attached to the other end of the air inlet pipe 8. When waves collide on the body 1, the body 1 turns around the pivotal shaft 5 toward the direction X of waves, where the displacement of the wave dissipater is suppressed by an upward force caused by the buoyancy of a floating levee and a dynamic water pressure generated on the rear face of the wave dissipater upon moving and the majority of the energy of waves is consumed for the primary waves breaking. High-pressure air in the air chamber 2, generated each time waves come, is discharged from the air bubble pipe 9 to produce air bubbles (a) in water to disturb the water particles and thereby waves overflowing the body 1 are dissipated for the secondary waves dissipation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wave-dissipating bank that eliminates wave waves generated in ocean waves or lakes and reduces the height of waves.

The most common facility for eliminating waves or reducing their energy is a breakwater.

This breakwater is constructed by creating a crushed stone mound on the water bottom, installing a caisson on top of it, driving sheet piles, steel pipes, sheet piles, etc. into the water bottom ground to create a cofferdam, and then inserting gravel into the mound.
It is formed by filling it with sand and concrete, throwing huge stones and concrete blocks, and building an underwater embankment, and it is almost perfect for the purpose of blocking waves, but the construction cost is high. The disadvantage is that the cost is high and the construction period is long.

On the other hand, there is a floating wave dam which dissipates surface waves with short wavelengths and relatively small wave heights by floating a wave dissipating structure on the water surface. This is a simple structure and is widely used as a temporary structure or for the purpose of dissipating waves for a short period of time. has no effect.

The wave-dissipating levee of the present invention is based on an intermediate idea between the two, and has an intermediate performance between the two, and is suitable for fishing facilities such as fish farming. The primary wave dissipation will be performed by the moored wave breakwater body, and the high pressure air generated within the breakwater will be released into the water near the breakwater body using the vertical movement of the water surface caused by waves. □The idea is to perform more secondary wave dissipation to increase the wave dissipation effect.

Let me explain this about the drawing.

(1) is the main body of the breakwater.

This main body (1) is floatingly moored to an anchor (3) which will be explained later, so that it maintains an upright state in the water in its natural state. The one shown in Figure 1 is made of a straight steel plate shaped like an airplane wing, and a part of the wing plate is made hollow as shown in Figure 5 to create a buoyancy chamber (13013).
)・・・This will generate buoyancy when installing underwater rico.

The cross-section of the wave-dissipating bank may have a rectangular cross-section, a circular cross-section, or a large number of fd cylinders arranged in parallel, in addition to the plate shape shown here.

In addition to the 1d'N111 material for manufacturing the wave breakwater, any material such as concrete, rubber, plastic, etc. that can be formed into a desired shape can be used.

(2) is an air chamber formed above the main body (1), which will be explained in detail in the next section. (z) v′i A mooring anchor installed on the water bottom (4) connects this anchor (3) to the wave-dissipating dam body (
1) is moored in a floating manner with a pivot (5). The head of the breakwater main body (1) is in a state of protruding from the water surface. (6) tfi This is an example of an air intake valve that is provided in the air chamber (2) K and opens and closes automatically, and the valve opens when the air in the air chamber (2) is compressed, as will be explained later. It closes automatically and opens automatically when the air pressure reaches normal pressure.

(7) is an opening provided in the wall of the body (1) to introduce water into it, and its position is lower than the water level w' at its lowest point at low tide, as shown in Figure 3. Water follows this opening ('7) and is always introduced into the breakwater main body (1). An air chamber (2) is formed which is subjected to compression. The shape and size of the air chamber (2) are determined as appropriate depending on wave conditions and other factors.

(8) is an air guide pipe that opens upward in the air chamber (2).
Attach the air bubble pipe (9) to the other end via the connecting hose (B'). In principle, the air bubble pipe (9) is installed in the water behind the breakwater main body (1), but in some cases it may be installed in front of it.

(a) is an air bubble, and X indicates the direction of travel of the wave.

In the air intake valve (6) shown in Figure 4 (a) and (b),
(10) I/'i is an on-off valve supported by a frame (11). When the air pressure in the air chamber (2) increases, it is pushed up and connects with the rubber backing (12), making the chamber airtight. Close. The valve is open at normal pressure.

Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the air bubble tube (9), in which one air bubble and two tubes (9) are arranged in a magnolia row. (9') is an air ejection hole, and its diameter is 1 to 5 m. The interval between 1 dlo and 30 CIII is suitable.

Let me explain its effect.

As described above, the breakwater main body (1) has an upward force due to its own buoyancy and stands up in the water, with its head protruding above the water.

In this state, when a wave advancing from the extension side collides with this, the same body (1) id: Anchor (3) V axis (
5) Rotate in the direction of wave propagation Most of the energy of the waves is consumed, and the next wave is dissipated.

When a wave passes by, the wave-dissipating dam body [1] does not return to its original upright state due to its buoyancy, causing a rotational movement in the opposite direction, and when the next wave acts on it, this process is repeated.

By swinging the main body (1) from side to side in this manner, it absorbs the energy of the waves that come one after another, thereby achieving primary wave dissipation as described above.

On the other hand, the water surface within the air chamber (2) within the wave-dissipating dam body (1) also causes vertical movement.

Therefore, the volume of the air chamber (2) changes with the downward movement of the water surface due to waves, and since the air intake valve (6) that automatically opens and closes is installed in the same chamber (2), the volume of the air chamber (2) changes with the downward movement of the water surface due to waves. When it reaches its maximum, that is, when the valley passes as shown in Figure 3, the air intake valve (6) I'i opens and the internal pressure becomes as strong as the atmospheric pressure, causing the air in the same room (2) to open. When the volume is at its minimum, i.e. when the crest of the wave passes as shown in FIG. 2, the air intake valve (6) is closed and the air in the chamber (2) undergoes maximum compression.

In this way, the high-pressure air generated every time a wave comes is released from the air bubble tube (9), and the air bubble is released into the water. tree'
generate.

The air bubbles disturb the valley water particles and generate rising energy in the water, causing waves to proceed further beyond the wave-dissipating dam body (1), or accompanying waves caused by the shaking of the wave-dissipating body (1). This is where secondary wave cancellation occurs.

7 In addition, if the following wave dissipation alone is sufficient to achieve the desired purpose, the high pressure air obtained in the air chamber (2) can be used as energy source for beacon lights, lighting, or observation equipment in the ocean, for example. ? It can be used as a leggy, and it can also be used as a power source for charging storage batteries.

Furthermore, by discharging high-pressure air into the water, so-called aeration can be performed to help purify water bodies, or Sakae 1 can be used to promote salt circulation by supplying it to fish farming facilities.

To explain the present invention in detail, the wave breaking bank of the present invention has the primary purpose of blocking waves or reducing wave height,
It can be used in marine environments that are as harsh or harsher than the conventionally widely used floating wave dykes, and is also effective in dissipating waves with long wavelengths that cannot be achieved by floating wave dykes.

Moreover, the cost of installing it is incomparably cheaper than conventional breakwaters.

In particular, the present invention performs first-order wave-dissipation by swinging the wave-dissipating dam body, and second-order wave dissipation by discharging high-pressure air generated in the air chamber by waves into the water. In wave dissipation, the surplus energy that was not absorbed at 7″F is eliminated, so the wave dissipation efficiency is extremely high.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a vertical view of the wooden wave-dissipating levee, Figure 2 is a side view showing the tilting state of the wave-dissipating levee body when the peak has passed j[η, and Figure 3 is the same view of the wave. Side view when the valley passes, Chin 4
The figure is a vertical side view of the air intake valve, with figure (a) showing it when it is open and figure (b) showing it when it is closed. The figure is a plan view of the air bubble tube. 1...Wave breakwater body 2...Air chamber 3...
Anchor 4...bottom 6...air intake valve 7.
...υj+ Mouth 1 part 8...Air guide tube 9...
Air bubble tube [A] 6 Fang 4 diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] The hollow wave breakwater main body is moored to the anchor set on the bottom of the water so that it can swing, and the four main bodies are erected underwater using their own buoyancy so that their heads protrude above the water surface, and are attached to the same wooden wall. An opening is provided below the wave surface, an air chamber is formed in the body above the opening, an air intake valve is attached to the air chamber, and the high pressure air f generated in the same chamber is installed in the air chamber.
? , 14, a wave-dissipating levee is provided with an air guiding pipe, a pipe is attached to an air valve at the other end of the air guiding pipe, and this is installed in a body of water near the wave-dissipating levee body.