JPS59150410A - Stationary induction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a cooling ability and reduce the size and the weight and solve the problem of a space and noise by a method wherein a coolant-path through which coolant liquid flows is provided to or near a wall of a tank so that this coolant path works as a heat exchanger and at the same time as a cooler. CONSTITUTION:A winding 2 in a transformer tank 1 is applied on a core 3 and coolant 4 for cooling the winding 2 is stored in a coolant bath 5 with the winding 2 and the heat from the winding 2 in the coolant bath 5 is absorbed by the coolant 4. A path 9 of the coolant 4, composed of a group of tubes or a press- board or the like, is provided to a wall or near an inside wall of the tank 1 and, by connecting a pump 6 and a pipe 7 to a standing part of the coolant 4, the coolant 4 is supplied into the coolant path 9 from the top of the tank 1. By providing the bottom end of the coolant path 9 to the standing part of the coolant 4 below the liquid surface, gas and vapor in the system can not penetrate into the coolant path 9. With this constitution, a liquid-cooled heat exchanger, in which only the liquid of the coolant 4 flows, can be obtained. The 2nd heat exchanger 10 is provided to the standing part of the coolant 4 and the secondary coolant 11 is supplied from outside of the tank 1 through a pipe 12.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an evaporative cooling system in which a tank is filled with a cooling medium for cooling windings (hereinafter referred to as a refrigerant) and a non-condensable gas with high gas insulation properties. [Technical Background of the Invention and Intermediate Points] Large-capacity, high-voltage transformers are required to supply large amounts of electric power to urban areas with dense electric power demands and populations. On the other hand, due to rising land costs, difficulties in acquiring land, etc., there are demands for smaller and lighter stationary induction equipment such as transformers, nonflammability of insulating materials and coolants in tanks, and lower noise of equipment. The development of new static induction equipment such as transformers that satisfies the requirements is desired.

For example, in the case of a transformer, gaseous flat insulation (for example, 8F6 gas, etc.) is mixed into the tank to maintain insulation during startup when the transformer is placed in a low-temperature environment, and the transformer windings are An evaporative cooling semi-pool type gas insulated transformer has been proposed in which heat generated from the windings of a refrigerant (such as fluorocarbon or fluorocarbon) is absorbed as latent heat when the refrigerant is vaporized.

However, since the ratio of electrically highly insulating gas such as SY6 is different from that of refrigerant vapor such as CFC, the refrigerant vapor and insulating gas do not completely mix, but exist separately. Further, when the insulating gas is a non-condensable gas, it does not exchange heat with the refrigerant vapor.

Furthermore, if the filling of an insulating gas such as 8F6 gas is increased, the insulating gas will occupy most of the tank volume, and will exist in a mixed state with refrigerant vapor, and if the insulating gas is a non-condensable gas, the refrigerant will exists without any heat exchange.

A heat exchanger (sf) cools the refrigerant vapor in the tank.
A condenser (condenser) is placed on the top or external side of the equipment, and condenses the refrigerant vapor that has evaporated in the windings, etc., to control the rise in temperature and pressure inside the machine.

By the way, when the insulating gas sealed in the tank is a non-condensable gas or the like, heat exchange is not performed between the insulating gas and the refrigerant vapor or between the insulating gas and the heat exchanger.

Moreover, if such insulating scum is sealed in such a way that it occupies more than half of the volume inside the tank, the volume occupied by the refrigerant vapor in the tank will be extremely reduced, and the refrigerant vapor will exist in a mixed state with the insulating gas, making it non-condensable. Insulating gas (-) does not reach the heat exchanger efficiently because it is inhibited, and C2 remains in the tank,
The temperature and pressure rise inside the tank increases.

Therefore, it is necessary to maintain cooling performance (condensing performance in g) by increasing the size of the heat exchanger.

As the heat exchanger becomes larger, the equipment also becomes larger, which leads to site problems and also makes it easier for noise to be generated from the cypresses where the heat exchanger is placed.

[Purpose of the invention] The purpose of the present invention is to take into consideration the above point C1.

Its purpose is to provide high-voltage, compact, low-noise, and excellent cooling performance.
Large-capacity transformer s 'h' - There are C2 types that provide stationary induction equipment such as semi-pool type cass isolation transformers.

1 Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention optically fills the inside of a tank of a stationary induction device with insulating gas. A refrigerant tank containing the rotated iron core and refrigerant is arranged, and a refrigerant oil passage is arranged on the inner wall surface of the C-tank, and a pump is installed between the bottom of the tank, the refrigerant tank, and the refrigerant passage on the tank wall. The piping is connected through two pipes, and the refrigerant spilled to the bottom of the tank is sent to the tank and the refrigerant passage.

The heat generated from the windings, etc. is absorbed by the refrigerant, and the refrigerant turns into vapor, and the refrigerant passage on the inner wall of the tank fills the heat exchanger.
This system is characterized by a heat exchanger that cools and liquefies the refrigerant vapor and allows a secondary refrigerant to pass through a reservoir of cold water at the bottom of the tank.

[Embodiments of the Invention] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. As shown, the winding 2 in the transformer tank 1 is wound around the iron core 3, and this winding Iv! Cold ff for cooling 12! It is housed in the refrigerant tank 5 together with the r14 winding 2.

Therefore, the heat generated by the winding 2 in the refrigerant tank 5 is absorbed by the refrigerant 4.

This rounded cold tIL4 becomes vapor and evaporates into the tank 1.

There is a reservoir of refrigerant 4 at the bottom of the tank 1, and a refrigerant tank 5
The refrigerant 4 is vaporized and % evaporated within the tank, and the refrigerant 4 is replenished into the refrigerant tank 5 through the pump 6 and piping 7.

In the transformer tank 1, when starting the transformer at low temperatures, there is almost no vapor of the refrigerant 4, so the pressure in the tank 1 decreases and the insulation is poor, so a highly insulating gas 8 is pre-filled. It is enclosed.

However, when the insulating gas 8 is a non-condensable gas, the insulating gas 8 does not exchange heat even when heated by the vapor of the refrigerant 4, so the vapor of the refrigerant 4 in the tank 1 8 is pushed into the soil of tank 1,
Lower part of tank 1 C1 cold l+! A state is reached in which a large amount of vapor No. 4 exists.

Therefore, the temperature distribution within the depressurizer tank 1 becomes C2 as shown in FIG.

In the 111th line 1, the vertical axes rr', b, and c indicate the vertical position of the transformer tank, and the horizontal axes B and T indicate the temperature rise 111 from the center of the tank 1 to the vicinity of the inner wall 1n1, respectively.

(As can be seen from the figure, the temperature rise value is small in the tank upper part a, and the temperature rise value is small in the tank lower part C.

If the edge sludge 8 is non-condensable sludge, the vapor of the refrigerant 4 will mix with the insulating gas 8 and heat the insulating gas 8, pushing it up to the upper part α of the tank 1. , the upper part of tank 1 is cooled iW: When the concentration of vapor becomes thinner and the degree of insulating gas becomes thicker, a cold lump layer is formed from the upper part of the tank to the center part. From the center part to the lower part C, the temperature rise value reaches its maximum and the pressure increases by 14 minutes due to heating in a tank with a constant volume.

This is clear from the following simple equation of state, assuming that the system is completely gas.

PV = GRT where P is pressure, ■ is volume, G is volume, R is gas constant,
T is temperature.

By arranging a heat exchanger on the wall of the tank 1 at the maximum part of this temperature increase, that is, from the center to the lower part of the tank 1, that is, from the opposite part of the refrigerated #cypress 5 that houses the winding 2, the refrigerant The vapor of No. 4 is efficiently liquefied and the temperature rise is reduced to the value indicated by Y in FIG.

Figure 12 shows the heat input flux when winding 2 is used as the heat source. .

(''/Crl) is the horizontal axis, and the ultimate pressure P (K
f/1ri-ar)s) is plotted on the vertical axis (-).

If there is no C heat exchanger near the wall of the tank 1 or the Fi wall, the limit of the pressure vessel 1#: M (3Kg/rFI
However, by providing a heat exchanger near the wall or inner wall of the tank 1, even if the heat flux Q5 becomes high as shown by Y in Fig. 12, the pressure vessel limit of 116M (2 is not reached.

This heat exchanger is installed near the wall or inner wall of tank 1 (1
Refrigerant 4 formed in the pipe 11r or press port etc.
A passage 9 is provided to communicate the pump 6 and piping 7 from the refrigerant 4 reservoir at the bottom of the tank 1, and supply the refrigerant 4 from the upper part of the tank 1 to the refrigerant passage 9. By installing the refrigerant 1194 below the liquid level in the reservoir of the refrigerant 4, gas and vapor within the system will not enter into the refrigerant passage 9.

A liquid-cooled heat exchanger is formed in which only the liquid of cold 114 flows.

A second heat exchanger 1 () is installed in the reservoir part C2 of the reifu 4,
A secondary refrigerant 11 such as water at room temperature is supplied from outside the tank 1.
is supplied through piping 12.

This heat exchanger 10 is manufactured using a tube group or a press pod, etc., and is composed of a single layer or multiple layers in both the vertical and radial directions, and makes full use of the structurally vacant space in the reservoir of the refrigerant 4 at the bottom of the tank 1. By arranging the refrigerant 4 and the refrigerant 11, optimal heat exchange is achieved, and the refrigerant 4 in the reservoir is effectively cooled. can do.

The refrigerant 4 cooled in the nil storage section is transferred to the pump 6 and piping 7.
The refrigerant is supplied to the refrigerant passage 9 in the upper part of the tank 1 via the refrigerant tank 5 and the refrigerant passages 1 and 7. - If the refrigerant passage 9 is installed on the wall of the tank, the refrigerant supplied to the refrigerant passage 9 is further cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air outside the tank 1, and the inside of the tank 1 is cooled. It exchanges heat with the vapor of the refrigerant 4, absorbs the heat, returns to the reservoir, and is cooled again by the heat exchanger 10.

The upper end of the refrigerant passage 9 is located at the upper end of the refrigerant tank 5, and may be located anywhere above the opposing part. The longer the refrigerant passage 9 is, the more advantageous it is.0 Furthermore, if the structure of the tank 1 is to be punched, it is also effective to provide the refrigerant passage 9 on the upper surface of the tank 1. On the other hand, the cold I vapor in the front HrL reservoir is
s and 4 pass through the eye ζ tube 6 and the arrangement pipe 7 (this part may be a separate piping 7 and a separate pump 6) and 1
The refrigerant is supplied into the refrigerant tank 5, absorbs heat from the windings 2, etc., and evaporates, making the windings 2, etc. cold shoulder 1.

When supplying evaporated refrigerant 4 to sleeve 9,
The refrigerant 4 in the refrigerant tank 5 is close to the saturation temperature C, and the temperature of the winding 2, etc. increases considerably, and the temperature lJj increase in the tank 1 becomes the value Y in FIG. 11, and the pressure is also the same Y in FIG. This is the state shown.

Therefore, by increasing the supply amount of the refrigerant 4 in the storage area and supplying the C2 refrigerant 4 so that it falls from the top of the refrigerant tank 5 to the outside, heat exchange between the winding 2 and the refrigerant 4 is promoted. ,
Because of the so-called subcooling, the temperature rise value of the winding 2 is reduced by effective C, and the temperature rise value in the tank 1 is equal to the above-mentioned 11th temperature rise value.
2 in the figure, and the system pressure becomes the state 2 in FIG. 12.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment of the refrigerant passage 9.

By installing the refrigerant passage 9 near the wall m1 of the tank 1, the contact area with the vapor of the refrigerant 4 in the tank 1 is expanded, thereby promoting heat exchange between the refrigerant vapor and the cooled refrigerant 4. be able to.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment of the cooling power method of the refrigerant 4. In FIG.

If there is not enough space for the refrigerant 4 reservoir at the bottom of the tank 1, and the secondary refrigerant cannot sufficiently cool the refrigerant 4 in the reservoir (- means w, ζ-pump as shown in Figure 3C2). 6
A heat exchanger 13 is disposed before or after the refrigerant 4, and a secondary refrigerant 11 such as water at room temperature is supplied through a pipe 12 to cool the refrigerant 4.

Heat Exchanger 1.3 Fi Heat Exchanger 1. (If used in combination with l, the refrigerant 4 can be cooled more efficiently.
(Can be done) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment regarding the position of the refrigerant tank 5, and there is no gap between the bottom of the refrigerant tank 5 and the liquid level of the refrigerant 4 in the reservoir of the tank 1. The bottom of the refrigerant tank 5 should be made into a liquid of the refrigerant 4. Since the lower surface of 5 ≦ 1 accumulates and there are no more power balls, that is, the vapor of refrigerant 4 stagnates decreases by 752, and the vapor of refrigerant 4 is efficiently cooled (= becomes C). Up to 1C1 figure, cold t1M refrigerant 4 in one tank 5
0 inlet and refrigerant liquid 4 distal phalanx 11 degrees (subbuta -21 degrees)
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a narrow portion VLyi showing another embodiment for increasing the strength.

In FIG. 5C2, a refrigerant passage 14 in the shape of a plate is arranged on the inner and outer surfaces of the side surfaces of the refrigerant 41'l+5, and the lower end of the refrigerant jl+ passage I4 ≦2 piping 7 is connected. Then, when one person supplies the refrigerant 4 to the refrigerant@5 from the upper end of the refrigerant passage 14C) from the lower part of the refrigerant tank 5, the inside of the cold JIJ passage 14 located outside the refrigerant tank 5 is filled with the cooled refrigerant 5. V) Has the same effect as a heat exchanger and heated refrigerant 4
The steam is condensed, the temperature rise inside the tank 1 is suppressed, and the pressure rise is reduced.

Moreover, when the piping 7 and the refrigerant passage 14 are connected to increase the supply amount of the refrigerant 4, the heated refrigerant 4i in the refrigerant tank 5
t When the refrigerant 4 falls along the outer surface of the refrigerant passage 14 into the pool of the refrigerant 4 in the tank 1, heat is exchanged and the refrigerant 4 is
The temperature is increased and further effective (secondary cooling is performed).

Figure 6 shows the cold 111 of the embodiment shown in Figure 5.
In this example, the upper part of the refrigerant passage 14 is
5-Piping 7 may be connected to supply the refrigerant 4.

FIG. 7 shows that the refrigerant passage 14 of the embodiment shown in FIG. When the refrigerant 4 communicating with the piping 7 and the refrigerant passage 14 is mixed with the superheated refrigerant 4 in the refrigerant tank 5 (2. In the refrigerant 4vI 15, the refrigerant 4 is heated so that there is no large difference in temperature between the upper and lower positions. It was installed.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing another embodiment of the refrigerant tank, in which a silent exchanger 15 configured in the form of a pipe or a square is arranged on the side of the refrigerant tank 5, and water at room temperature, for example, is supplied from outside the tank 1. By supplying the secondary cooling w, 11 using a pipe 16, etc., the temperature of the refrigerant 4 in the tank 1 is increased. In the case where the refrigerant 4 in the reservoir part is increased by J', ·f to the amount supplied through the pipe 7, cooling can be more powerful than in the case shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a partial view of an embodiment in which the refrigerant passage J7 is not arranged inside the winding 2.
and the wall of the refrigerant tank 5 opposite the refrigerant passage 17 +/
ii, the outlet 18 of the refrigerant 4 is arranged, and the volume Iv! The heat generated from i+2 is efficiently absorbed into the refrigerant 4. ○"Zu?, light effect" As explained above, according to the present invention C2, the liquid of the refrigerant ζ2 is absorbed near the wall surface of the tank and the wall 1iii. By arranging the refrigerant passage to pass through, the refrigerant passage acts as a heat exchanger (and also acts as a cooler), improving cooling performance and allowing operation below the pressure vessel standard. Therefore, it is highly safe, and the equipment can be made smaller and lighter, which also solves site problems and noise problems.

In addition, even if stationary induction equipment such as a transformer overheats, the insulating gas and refrigerant are nonflammable, so no fire will occur, and the device is excellent in explosion-proof properties.

By using the present invention, stationary induction equipment such as high-voltage, large-capacity transformers can be swept with high safety.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows l! of a stationary induction device according to an embodiment of the present invention. i
Figures 2 to 5 are schematic cross-sectional views showing important parts, Figure 1 and Figure 12 are characteristic diagrams relating to temperature and pressure C. 1...Transformer tank 2...Winding 3...Iron core
4... Refrigerant 5... Refrigerant tank 6.
... Pump 7, ... Piping 8 ... Insulating gas 9 ... Refrigerant passage lO ... Heat exchanger 11.
... Secondary refrigerant 12 ... Piping 13 ... Heat exchanger 14 ... Refrigerant passage 15 ... Heat exchanger
16 River piping 17...Cold liquid passage 18 River Refrigerant outlet agent Patent attorney Noriyuki Chika (1 person)
Figure 1 Figure B / Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 9 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A refrigerant tank filled with an insulating gas and storing a refrigerant and an iron core around which a winding is wound in the middle part of the tank is arranged at fF1. L, a refrigerant reservoir is provided in the lower part of the tank, a heat exchanger for passing the secondary refrigerant is provided in the curved part, and a curve is formed between the refrigerant reservoir in the lower part of the tank and the refrigerant tank. connected by piping via a pump 1
Port 7, a refrigerant passage consisting of a group of pipes or a breather is provided near the wall surface or inner wall surface of the tank, and the upper part of the refrigerant passage is connected to the refrigerant reservoir by piping via a pump. The lower part of the refrigerant passage is connected to the cooling U! A stationary diode 4 device, characterized in that it is disposed below the refrigerant liquid level in the i+ reservoir. 5 (2. In the stationary induction device according to claim 1, the refrigerant reservoir, the refrigerant tank, and the refrigerant) are connected to the front part of the pump or the rear part of the pump (the second secondary refrigerated tube). A stationary induction device characterized by arranging one or several heat exchanger exhaust devices to allow the refrigerant to pass through. The stationary induction device according to paragraphs 1 and 2, wherein a refrigerant passage is provided in the front winding, and an outlet portion of the refrigerant is arranged in a refrigerant tank facing the passage. A stationary guidance device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: