JPS59144348A - Multipolarly magnetized magnet for rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a magnet of a high performance rotary electric machine by maximizing the width of the poles of the magnet at the center and minimizing at both ends. CONSTITUTION:A multipolarly magnetized magnet used for a rotary electric machine such as a motor, a generator or the like is constructed to maximize the width of the poles at the center of the pole and to minimize at both ends of the pole, and the side faces are shaped in smooth wavy shape. With this structure, the distribution of the effective magnetic flux becomes sinusoidal wave shape, and cogging can be reduced to zero.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a multi-layered magnet used in a rotary box for driving an electric motor, etc., which causes a flutter component and reduces the starting torque. 21 Changing the shape of the width of each magnetic field of the multi-polar magnetized magnet for controlling rotation in order to completely reduce the magnetic flux component that causes cogging, which is a special feature of custom-made converters. Sekicho.

Figure 1 shows the shape of a conventional magnet for rotating electric machines.
The figure shows a planar developed blood cut diagram of the magnet and the state of separation of the surface magnetic flux trace.

In Figures 1 and 2, the dashed lines indicate imaginary dividing lines for each @pole, and the arrows indicate the direction of magnetization.

The curve in Figure 2 that changes the distribution of the surface magnetic flux density of the magnet (hereinafter referred to as the collapse value waveform) is known to be the ideal M6 waveform and sine wave shape required for the rotating electric field. It is being This is the second worst magnetization waveform, which is different from the sine wave.The point is that the maximum value full display point of the half-cycle waveform is not at the center of the half-cycle, but at the shoulders 2 on both sides. It is divided into 1 tsu-cho, and the middle LB capital is lower than the sine wave.
If the trapezoid is close to him, it will be 1. When used on a magnet with this magnetized waveform, for example in a ferrous LB type electric motor, the raised portions on both shoulders of the magnetized waveform act as a braking torque in the opposite direction to the rotational movement of the magnet. Causes cogging, 7
This is the cause of the increase in the rattling component and the decrease in starting torque. In order to make the magnetization waveform, which is close to the curved shape, into a smooth sinusoidal shape, it is necessary to suppress the magnetic field to a level that the magnet does not harmonize with, and at the same time, to improve the shape of the magnetization yoke. It is possible if you do. However, with this method, it is not possible to generate a sufficient magnetic field during magnetization, so it is not possible to create a product that takes full advantage of the characteristics of the magnet, and therefore it is not possible to create a product that has sufficient characteristics as an electric motor. It disappears.

In order to solve these drawbacks, the invention was designed so that the width of each magnetic pole part of the magnet is the largest at the center of the magnetic pole and the smallest at both ends of the magnetic pole, and the width changes gently. Even if the magnet is saturated by applying a magnetizing magnetic field that is strong enough to fully bring out its characteristics, the core facing the magnet in the rotating electrical machine will still have a sine wave shape as seen from the magnetic flux, which will result in higher performance. We provide all multi-polar magnetized magnets for rotating electrical transmission that can be made in the rotating chamber F&.

The details of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the arrows.

In general, 118, which simply increases the permeance coefficient at the operating point of magnets used in rotary electric warfare, etc., is equivalent to the magnet cross-sectional area, magnet length and thickness), air @ cross-section 1 load, and air gap length. It can be placed in the old magnetic circuit and resists rising. Therefore, this method will be used here as well, and consideration will be given based on the equivalent circuit shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, Am is the equivalent magnet lfT area, Am is the equivalent magnet length, A2 is the equivalent air gap cross section, and A2 is the equivalent air gap length. Also, 1 is a magnet, 2 is a core facing the magnet, and 3
is the back yoke. In the case of FIG. 6, the permeance coefficient at the operating point of the magnet is expressed by the following equation. Here, when k is changed by changing the width of the magnet, in equation (1), `` +
Since j2' + 2 m does not change and can be treated as a constant, Ano・I! , m/fl, li' =
If we put it as c and rewrite (1) Nizen, k = c/ p, rn... river...
...River...(2+.Furthermore, as the sound Lh of the magnet,
Am=LcxLb.

If q'=0/Lm, equation (2) can be further rewritten as follows.

k=c7Lh...old...river...
+3) In this way, if the operation of changing the permeance coefficient at the operating point of the magnet by changing the width of the magnet is performed continuously for a minute length part in the valley magnetic pole, the overall magnetic pole will become Completely 1liil! While customizing the magnet with a magnetizing magnetic field of a size that matches the sum of the magnets, the core sword) and the resulting magnetic flux (magnetic flux density and area distribution of micro magnets9 distribution are not trapezoidal but clear). I have a feeling about Nagisa's sine wave shape and his heart.

That is, in equation (3), when Lh is reduced, the nominal operating point of the magnet becomes inversely proportional to Lh.

When expressed as the permeance coefficient kk at the operating point on the B-H demagnetization characteristic diagram of the magnet, it becomes B=-kH (4). On the B-H demagnetization characteristic diagram, the minor loop is expressed by an approximate formula using the field of ferrite magnets, rare earth magnets, etc. as an example: 43=H+Br ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・+5)
It is expressed as. B(1), which is a drawback of equations (4) and (5), is one section of the magnetic flux density at the operating point of the magnet. If we slander all of this, we will be given the following formula.

Br B −□ ・・・・・・・・・・・・
...(6) According to 1+, the effective magnetic flux is proportional to B in equation (6) multiplied by the square of the surface area of the micromagnet (S=ΔLnoxLh). The stiffness is shown in equation (7).

ΦOc(ΔLmxLb)xμ■ ・・・・・・・・・(
7) 1+k From equation (3) and (7) 2'IJ), the equation that leads to the change in effective magnetic flux when the width of the micromagnet is changed is determined as follows. However, △Lm and Br are assumed to be C"-ΔL
rn.

It was set as Br-C'. In equation (8), since C' is positive, Φ is a low-key increasing number with respect to Lh.

Therefore, by changing the width of the micromagnet, the effective magnetic flux can be reduced to 1@total ratio? 1] can be changed. In other words, the effective magnetic flux can be used as a sinusoidal distribution.

Using the method explained above, the shape of the magnet can be changed to Or, if it is done as shown in Fig. 5, the distribution of effective magnetic flux that can be used by the opposing cores or windings becomes sinusoidal as shown in Fig. 6, and cogging can be reduced by 1, which theoretically becomes zero. Low wow and flutter when used on electric wJJ machines (
It produces remarkable effects in terms of speed, starting torque, reduction of current consumption, improvement of seven-wheel efficiency, etc. In addition, when used in a generator, a pure 7Jh sinusoidal generated voltage can be obtained, and the generated voltage waveform can be used profitably. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the broken line indicates the direction of magnetization.

Therefore, in the present invention, the width of each magnetic pole is maximum at the center of the magnetic pole.
A multi-pole magnetized magnet with a waveform of 7Jλ with the minimum slanted sides at both ends of the magnetic poles can be applied to a wide range of applications such as electric motors and power generation rocks, and is particularly applicable to electric motors. In other words, it can be used regardless of whether it is brushed bamboo, brushless, human or small.

Further, the magnet having the shape according to the invention can be applied and used not only in the radial gap type/reverse type shown in each figure, but also in the axial gap type N-type electric iso by the same method.

In order to manufacture a magnet with a shape similar to the one described above, it is best to use injection molding, such as a concave blade 1 with a free curved shape, but there are other methods such as cutting, sintering, etc. It may be manufactured by a ball box molding method or the like, or by a combination of these methods.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows a typical shape of a conventional multi-pole magnet. Figure 2 is a planar developed cross-sectional view of the magnet shown in Figure 1 and the distribution of the surface magnetic flux density of the magnet. Third
The figure is a reference diagram of an equivalent magnetic circuit for calculating the harmeance coefficient of a magnet's operating point in a general electric range. Figures 4 and 5 are M
Examples of magnet shapes. The sixth problem is the flat developed #T plane view of the magnet in Figures 4 and 5, and the magnetic flux density of the ``fL field'' measured on the pair of cores separated by the entire magnetic field gap of the magnet. A curve expressed on the distribution state of.The arrows in each figure indicate the entire magnetization direction of the magnetic poles.The broken heel line indicates the division spelling on the imagination of each magnetic field.1...etc.1 curved edge stone2...4+ valence Core 3... back yoke and above, which are interposed with a gap in between. Applicant: ゛Marisho Glass Co., Ltd. No. 4 I\! Figure 5 Figure 6 Procedural amendment ° (Method) 1988 Patent number 14860 Bow 2, Name of the invention Multipolar foundation magnet for rotary machine 3 Person making the amendment Representative Tsuneya Nakamura 4 Agent 5 Date of amendment order April 26, 1980 Attached letter!llt': ) Procedural correction should be made (method) ``Figure 6 is a reference diagram of the equivalent magnetic circuit for calculating all the permeance coefficients at the operating point of the magnet for a general Kame 1liI machine.'' This is a diagram showing an equivalent magnetic circuit for calculating the permeance coefficient at the operating point of a magnet using a conventional machine.
Correct to. that's all

Claims (1)

[Claims] In multi-pole magnetized magnets used in rotating electric machines, each magnetic pole is shaped in a waveform shape with gentle sides so that the width of each magnetic pole is maximum at the center of the magnetic pole and handles are formed at both ends of the magnetic pole. Multipolar magnetized magnets for rotating electric machines are the enemy of all.