JPS59140841A - Method for heat-treating falling particulate and granular material and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To heat-treat uniformly the individual raw material particles, by heat- treating a particulate or granular material in a dispersed state under pressure while dropping the particulate and granular material in saturated steam and/or superheated steam, and releasing the heat-treated particulate and granular material to a zone under a low pressure. CONSTITUTION:Saturated steam or superheated steam or mixed steam thereof is circulated from a pipe 5 through a blower 2 and the interior of a circulation pipe 1 and then made to flow further into a heating vessel 6. A raw material is passed through a charging valve 3, fed into the circulation pipe 1, carried by a steam current and introduced into the heating vessel 6 to separate the raw material from the steam by the action of centrifugal force. The raw material is heat-treated while swirled and dropped in the heating vessel 6, and the steam is discharged from an outlet 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for heat treating powdery substances such as grains, foods, cosmetics, etc. 7: Relates to a method and apparatus for a drop-type heat treatment of a powder or granule material for heating stage or heating denaturation of a powder or granule material.

When powder grains such as grains R↓ are subjected to power [1 heat treatment], it is essential to disperse the particles in order to uniformly heat the whole grain [1], and it is also necessary to shorten the processing time and to This is a condition.

From this point of view, the present applicant has previously published a book titled ``Method and Apparatus for Producing Puffed Foods Using Air Stream Heating Method VC'' by completely dispersing and suspending grain raw material particles and subjecting them to heat treatment.
No. 47 (hereinafter referred to as the air flow heat treatment method) and "Apparatus for producing puffed foods" (Hanko No. 45-26695, hereinafter referred to as the fluid flow heat treatment method) and Zendashishuko'1. +l
'I got it.

However, in the above device, the raw material is certainly dispersed and uniform heat treatment is performed, but the raw material is forced to float fractionally by air current from the start to the end of heating. Expenses: The running costs were high and the results were not satisfactory.

In addition, ``1-Method and apparatus for heat treatment of grains'' (Funakaisei 57-159463) is mentioned as JIS Nori 1j.

This method uses high-temperature air as the heating medium and heats it inside the grain cyclone, but with this method, the entire interior of the cyclone does not have a uniform temperature, especially in the air stagnation area, which is heated by the outside air. It is cooled down to a low temperature,
This method cannot necessarily be called an effective method because the time during which the raw material inside the cyclone comes into contact with substantially high-temperature air is limited.

In view of the current situation, the inventor of the present application has conducted intensive research and focused on the property of saturated steam, which always maintains a constant temperature at the same pressure, and has developed the idea of using saturated steam, superheated steam, or a mixture of these steams as the heating medium. If the raw material is dispersed by the airflow or dropped into the steam, each particle of the raw material can be uniformly heated and kept in constant contact with the high-temperature steam. The present invention was made based on this knowledge.

That is, the present invention is a powder characterized in that a powder material raw material is heated under pressure while being completely dropped in saturated steam, superheated steam, or a mixture thereof in the air in a dispersed state, and then released under lower pressure. A falling heat treatment method and apparatus for granular materials.

Rejected The present invention will now be described in detail.

The granular materials used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and include soybeans, defatted soybeans, soybean meal, wheat, barley, rice, brown rice, corn, etc., and granulated grains of straw, fishmeal, Small pieces of vegetables, bread crumbs, starch powder,
Food layers such as koshiyo, curry powder, or >fit<
Products or medicines and fillers thereof, as well as saturated and cosmetic raw materials, etc. may be mentioned, and the raw materials 1 added with water by ordinary means according to necessity may also be used.

As the heating medium, a saturated water cap, superheated steam, or a mixed steam of solenoid is used, and regardless of the heat treatment conditions, relatively low pressure is preferable when the purpose is to sterilize raw materials, and pressure 4 or less is preferable.
．． 'Kf/d (gauge pressure) or less, temperature 260°
1 to 15 seconds at C or lower, and a good crushing pressure of 0.3 to 3.5
Niri/, ff1 (gauge pressure), temperature 240℃ rejection 2
Heat treat for ~5 seconds.

On the other hand, when the purpose is to modify raw materials, grains are often used as raw materials by shearing at pressures of 2 to 12 to 9/a.
ri (cage pressure) and a temperature of 310° C. or less for 1 to 15 seconds, preferably a pressure of 4 to 8 K9/cni (gauge pressure) and a temperature of 290° C. or less for 2 to 5 seconds.

4 [If you want to fully expand the raw material, higher pressure is preferable.
It is only necessary to rapidly discharge the material under low pressure.

The present application will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. An example in which saturated l+'lJ steam is used as the heating medium for the raw material will be described with reference to FIG.

This is a circulation pipe that forms a closed circuit, and saturated water vapor is circulated through the pipe 1 by the action of a blower 20.

3 is an input valve for supplying the raw material to the circulation pipe 1 in a completely airtight manner, and FIG. 1 shows an example using the "Powder Transport and Supply Apparatus" (Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-9917) by the present applicant. . The input valve 3 has a raw material port 3a at the top, a gas port 3b and a gas outlet 30 at the bottom, and these ports 3b, 3c are connected to the circulation pipe 1, respectively.

The raw material is supplied from the raw material port 3a, and is passed through the gas outlet 3C into the airflow of saturated 7N steam for 9 cycles and 1 eve.

As the input valve 3, there is a “compulsory system” by the applicant.
"Transfer device for transporting mountain folds" (Special Publication 1989-892)
7) Or t; [Ordinary rotary valves can also be used.

5 &j This is a steam replenishment pipe that serves as a heating source to supplement the saturated A11 steam consumed by this device, and is communicated with the boiler.

6 is a heating can for heating the raw materials, and its overall shape is a vertical cylinder. And its cross-sectional shape, device 1'1
A rectangular or polygonal shape on the IK is also considered, but considering the separation of the heating medium and the raw material, the suspension time of the raw material, or the effective dispersion of the raw material in the Ct heating can 6, etc., which will be explained later. A circular shape is most suitable.

Further, the lower end of the heating can 6 is preferably formed into a conical shape for effective discharge of raw materials.

A steam lower is installed on the side of the -L section of the heating can 6, a steam outlet 8 is installed vertically at the top end, and a raw material discharge port 9 is installed vertically at the bottom end. Discharge the raw material to the outside / (menoυ [out...lube 1
It is set to 0. As an exhaust valve, 111
1. A transfer device with a bowworm control ejection device is effective.

What kind of raw materials were used in this example? ! ! In order to disperse the steam in the steam stream, the steam lower also serves as a raw material input port.

And steam lower and outlet 8 each circulation pipe 1
The saturated steam flowing through the pipe 1 circulates therethrough and simultaneously flows into the heating 6, so that the nucleation 6 is filled with saturated steam.

It is preferable that the steam outlet 8 is provided in the tangential direction of the side surface of the steam lowering part of the heating canister 6 shown in FIG. 2, and the steam outlet 8 is provided in the vertical direction at the top. With this configuration, the heating can 6 acts as a cyclone, effectively separating the saturated steam and the raw material, and the raw material is scattered from the steam outlet 8 to the circulation pipe 1. Never. Furthermore, since the raw material falls while swirling inside the heating chamber 6, it is possible to prolong the engagement time with the saturated steam, and also to completely change the angle lxα (refer to No. 17) with respect to the vertical direction of 17 rC. The residence time in heating the raw material 6 can be further reduced.

The connection part 1' between the input valve 3 and the steam lower part of the circulation pipe 1 should be long enough to completely disperse the raw rice 1, depending on the type of raw material, particle size, wind speed at the connection part 1', etc. There is no need to say that all you have to do is decide. Additional $
) The height and medium diameter of the can 6 also vary. Next, we will explain the operation of this embodiment. - The saturated steam generated by the water vapor wheeler follows the steam replenishment pipe 5 and is circulated and decompressed by the wooden pipe (introduced into the ward, and the action of the blower 2). The saturated steam circulates inside the pipe 1.At this time, the saturated steam also flows into the heating 6, and the saturated steam flows into the heating 6.
The pressure inside is the same.

it, 1. Circulating pump 1 through ISI id input valve 3
The steam is supplied into the heating chamber 1, and immediately comes to the circulating saturated steam air stream, is transferred in a dispersed floating state, and is introduced into the heating section 6. In heating step 6, the raw material and saturated steam are effectively separated by the action of centrifugal force, and the raw material is heat-treated while being rotated during heating. This 11i+:times lowering action is effective for dispersing raw materials. Next, the raw material is discharged to the outside from the 4-in-1 output valve 10 and recovered as a product. The condensed water of the saturated steam generated during the above heat treatment is either absorbed by the raw material or discharged to the outside together with the product.

On the other hand, the saturated steam separated from the raw stone is discharged from the steam outlet 8, circulates through the circulation pipe 1, and is reused 1. Then, the amount of saturated steam leaked during the input and discharge of raw materials or the amount consumed by heating the raw materials is supplied from the steam replenishment pipe 5, and added! Maintain full pressure in eyes 1j6 and circulatory system.

Next, FIG. 3 shows an example in which superheated steam is used as the heating medium. In this embodiment, 1′ is obtained by super and tar 11.
The configuration is the same as that shown in Fig. 1 except that the raw material is heated to convert it into +lA steam, which is completely superheated steam. , thereafter, this state on the child side is maintained. Both saturated steam and superheated steam can be fully utilized.

Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment. This example is an example in which steam is blown into the heating device 6 at high speed and the raw material is dispersed using the velocity energy.

The small heating unit 6 has a raw material input port 15 in the vertical direction at the top thereof.
The lower side of the two parts is for steam, and the lower side is for steam [18,
A discharge valve 9 is provided on each side at the lower end, and a material discharge valve 3 and a raw material discharge valve 10 are installed at the raw material input port 15, respectively.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
f: is provided in a tangential manner, and the raw material inlet 15 is installed directly above it, and this positional relationship is effective in terms of residence time due to dispersion of the raw material and swirling of the raw material.

On the other hand, in the blower 2 for circulating the heat of saturated λ old water vapor, its suction port is connected to the steam outlet 8, and its discharge port is connected to the steam core I, respectively. Here, the steam lower is made thin so that the saturated steam is blown at a high speed, and the diameter of the steam outlet 8 is made large so that the raw material is not sucked into the blower 2, and its tip is placed downward in the heating device 6. It will be even more effective if it is opened.

Furthermore, as a modification of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, it is effective for dispersing the raw material to spray the L1J hydrochloric acid vapor from below to above the falling raw material.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, but uses superheated steam instead of saturated steam.

In this example, the heating chamber 6 is first filled with superheated steam, but as the raw materials are introduced, the superheated steam changes to saturated steam, and the upper part of the heating chamber is filled with superheated steam, while the lower part is filled with saturated steam. . However, in this case, it goes without saying that the ratio of superheated steam and saturated steam in the heating step 6 varies depending on the temperature of the superheated steam or the weight ratio with respect to the raw material.

And next, another example f of heating 6! c Shown in Figure 8.

In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 1 is the same as υ1'' inside the thermal converter 6, and the inner cylinder 1 is
2 is fully installed, and the doughnut-shaped outer chamber 13 divided by the outer wall 11 and inner cylinder 12 of the heating device 6 and the inner chamber 14 divided by the inner cylinder 12 are formed so that they are filled with water vapor at the same pressure. This is an example in which the heat retention of the apparatus is made effective, and furthermore, the condensed water of the steam in the heating 6 is introduced into the external chamber 13 and discharged to the outside as required. In this embodiment, the raw material and condensed water are separated, and it is possible to completely prevent the absorption of permanent components into the raw material more than necessary.

Further, FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the raw material dispersion means.

In this embodiment, a raw material inlet 15 and a rotary blade stirrer 16 for completely dispersing the input raw materials are installed at the top of the heating unit 6 in correspondence with each other. It is not necessary to completely circulate the gas, and it is sufficient to simply supply it to the heating device 6.

On the other hand, when superheated steam is used as the heating medium, the steam population provided at the bottom of the heating device 6 as shown in FIG. Steam outlet 8.1 installed at the top to fully supply superheated steam:
If it is extracted, the treatment with completely dry deafness is 1. I]
'It is capable. In this case, it goes without saying that all methods of supplying superheated water and air as shown in FIG. 1 may be employed.

And then, in Figure 12, with the same pressure source! An example is shown in which raw materials are treated in 12 stages. In this embodiment, the steam outlet 8a of the first stage heating 6a and the steam lower b of the second stage heating 6b are connected, and the connecting pipe 17 is connected to the raw material discharge port 9a of the heating 6a. It is made up of an opening and is filled with waste discharged from the heating device 6a. This embodiment is effective when there is a limit to the height of the heating 6 and it is necessary to lengthen the heating time. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the discharge knob 10a of the first heating stage 6a may be omitted since both heating stages 6a and 6b are at the same pressure.

Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the pressure source is different, and the raw material is heated in two stages as in the previous embodiment, and superheated steam is used as the heating medium. According to this embodiment, the heating conditions in the first stage and the second stage can be set separately1.
(See note 1 on page 7), or nitrogen dissolution utilization rate when used in the production of soy sauce (see note 2 on page 18 of this specification), as well as the power required for raw material processing, that is, the blower for circulation of the heat medium. The effectiveness of this method on the t-end side in terms of power, etc. will be shown below using experimental examples in comparison with conventional methods (air flow heat treatment method, flow heat treatment method).

Shown in Table 1.

The results in Table 1 show that in the conventional method, the heat treatment was performed at a much higher temperature than in the method of the present invention. It is lower than the method of the present invention in terms of nitrogen dissolution utilization rate, etc.

In contrast, the defatted soybean protein treated by the method of the present invention does not undergo excessive denaturation or leave any undenatured protein (with moderate strength).
(Both heat digestibility and nitrogen dissolution utilization rate are low.Motor power can also be reduced to the 4'M end.

The present invention is structured as follows, and other
A product with a high yield can be obtained by simple means, and it greatly contributes to labor and labor savings.

*Note 1 Measurement of digestibility Digestibility (pH7,:2)10
Add 20 ml of enzyme solution (see notes below) and triol, and seal. The test tube was kept at 37° C. for 7 days with gentle shaking to obtain the enzyme IQQI. Next, add distilled water to the decomposed solution to make the entire volume.
], 00 yne, centrifuge to separate liquid phase and solid phase, add 1.2 mol of trichloroacetic acid (15 me) to 30 ml of liquid 4 (1), precipitate (undegraded protein is filtered out, Take 5 ml of the filtrate and measure the nitrogen content m: using the Kermer method.Do not add the powder test stick described in 111j, perform a blind test using the same treatment (e), and subtract the latter value from the former value. On the other hand, the nitrogen content in the powder sample 17 is determined by the Kelpool method, and the value is set to 1ill.
3, and then calculate the total digestibility.

(Note) The enzyme solution mentioned above refers to a fully active extract extracted from the wrinkled husks of Aspergillus n'ya, a typical strain used in soy sauce brewing. Here, t (quality) refers to enzyme oiliness that exhibits a Folin colored gold equivalent to lγ tyrosine per minute when an enzyme reaction is carried out at pH 7 and 2.30°C.

*Sho 2 Nitrogen Dissolved Utilization Rate Nitrogen dissolved utilization rate refers to the ratio of the total amount of nitrogen dissolved in the aged moromi liquid to the total nitrogen contained in the proteins, etc. contained in the soybean and wheat raw materials for soy sauce brewing.

All examples of the present application are shown below. The following examples were carried out using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, Example 3 in FIG. 7, Example 4 in FIG. 10, and Example 5 in FIG. 3.

Example ■ Ushizu defatted fat (moisture; 1o, s% W/W, particle size 16~
247 Nonyu) using a regular screw sprinkler and adjust the moisture content to 25.4 ratio W/W'. This total raw material contains 7I (1oO, at a rate of 9/h, 6.5 K9/c
The saturated primary steam at rtl (gauge pressure) is introduced into the aerated circulation pipe via an input valve, and the raw material is dispersed and supplied to the heated vessel (inner diameter: 47θ, height: 6m). The soybeans were heated for about 3 seconds while being rotated and dropped along the inner wall surface, and then discharged under atmospheric pressure to obtain expanded defatted soybeans. Circulation amount of saturated steam n 4450 Ky /
h, steam replenishment amount U530 K, / h Teaaguko.

Next, immediately add water to the expanded defatted soybeans to reduce the moisture to 62% W/W.
Adjust K and add 3100 kg of fried, steamed and cracked wheat to this.
/ h and 1! After mixing Ii koji at a rate of 1 OK9/h, the koji was continuously made and the koji was released into soy sauce koji with a moisture content of 28.3% W/W. The oil was prepared with this tilt 13 water, and then fermented and matured and pressed by conventional means to obtain a raw oil having the analysis λ value shown in Table 2 below.

Example 2 Crushed wheat (moisture; 10.9%, grain size 12-16 grains) 'l: 8 K at a rate of 3500 Kg/h
Saturated steam of y/crl (gauge 1 lower blade) is introduced into the aerated circulation pipe and heated while being dispersed.
Inner diameter: 470 mm, +8 mm). Approximately 3.
Heat for 1 second)! 1, and then released under atmospheric pressure, resulting in a digestibility of 95.7%, a gelatinization rate of 1.75 times, and a degree of swelling of 1.85 times.
Moisture 12.1 Products of section I()/ko.

The circulating amount of steam was 4 sooKv/h, and the amount of steam replenishment was 9/11 to 120.

Example 3 Crushed corn (moisture: 10.5%, particle size 12-1
(5 mesh) 6 at the rate of 2.11o OKg/h
．． 5 to 9/c++! Superheated steam at (gauge pressure) is supplied from an aerated chamber flush with the steam stream and dispersed therein.

Next, 1. : About 3.
The bag was heat-treated for 1 second and released under pressure to obtain a product with a degree of gelatinization of 75 times, a degree of swelling of 2.8 times, and a moisture content of 9.87 times.

The circulation rate of superheated steam is 4gooK9/h, the amount of steam replenishment is F1420 Kg/h, the temperature of superheated steam is 235℃ just before the steam population, and 195℃ at the steam outlet of heating 6.
It was ℃.

Example 4 Defatted soybean (moisture; l 0.5% W/W, particle size 16~
24 Tsuno/Yu) (F Koi, & water and water total 25.4 Section W
/W. This hydrated defatted soybean f1720
K9/11 and cracked wheat 11420 to 9/11
A power 11 heat can (inner diameter:
70mm, 7%; 5 m) F 13j upper separate input l
” and dispersed using a stirrer.

Next, the raw material was heated for about 2.7 seconds while being dropped in a heating can, and then released under atmospheric pressure to obtain a expanded brewing raw material.The amount of steam replenishment was 550 K9/h.

Then, water is immediately added to the expanded brewing raw material to reduce the moisture content to 17%.
W / W K After adjusting the lid, seed koji'x 4.5
h/+1) and continuously made koji to obtain koji with a moisture content of 28.3%. Next, 13 pieces of this paddy
The soy sauce was prepared with water, and then fermented and matured by conventional means and pressed to obtain a raw soy sauce having the analytical values shown in Table 3 below.

Example 5 Fusu ox (moisture 10.8% w, 'w, grain size 28 mesh or less) 7. (3 at the rate of s o o Ky / 11
Superheated steam at K9/cni (gauge pressure) is introduced into a ventilated circulation pipe, dispersed and supplied to a hot pot (inner diameter: 47 Q mm, height: 6 m). After being heated for about 3.3 seconds while rotating and falling along the inner wall surface in a heating can, it is released under atmospheric pressure to remove moisture 11.
．． A product of 4% w/w was obtained. 2.8 x 1 in raw material
Number of general viable bacteria found in 06/1i': 4c in lJO
Tsu/ko.

The circulation amount of superheated steam is 1760 K9/h, and the amount of steam replenishment is 220K9/h.
The temperature was 227°C at 1 raw night 1 direct supply [) 1■, 181°C at the gas outlet of the heating can, and 143°C (saturated steam) directly above the outlet valve.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a heat treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the heating can in FIG. 1 taken along the Δ-A. FIG. 3 is a flow route diagram of a heat treatment apparatus showing another embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram of another embodiment. Flow route diagram of the heat treatment equipment, Figure 5 is B-B in Figure 4.
Cross-sectional views, Figures 6 and 7 are flow route diagrams of the power 11 heat treatment apparatus showing other embodiments, Figure 48 is a diagram of other embodiments of heat treatment, and Figure 9 is a line C-C in Figure 8. Celebration cross section, No. 10
Figures 1 to 13 show other embodiments. 1c In the drawing, l is the circulation pipe, 2 is the blower, 73
6 shows the input valve, 6 shows the heating can, 10 shows the discharge valve, and 11 shows the heater. Patent applicant Mushroom Man Co., Ltd. f5 factor ↓ Linkou product raw materials ↓ Yuke ↓ ↓ A'1 Figure '91; Saiq Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] (+) Powder and granule material ↓ The raw material is heated in a dispersed state under pressure with saturated steam, superheated steam, or a mixed steam thereof while the raw material is dropped, and then the raw material is heated under lower pressure. A falling heat treatment method for powdery material, characterized by releasing (2) A raw material input port, a raw material discharge port, a heating medium inlet, a heating medium outlet, and a vertical cylindrical heating can with 1 lffi, an input valve connected to the raw material input port, and a raw material discharge port connected to the raw material discharge port. A falling type heat treatment device for powdery material, characterized in that it is comprised of a discharged pulp.