JPS59139923A - Catalyst packing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically and uniformly pack a plurality of reaction tubes with a catalyst particle within a short time, in packing each long reaction tube with a small diameter, by providing an electromagnetic feeder consisting of a drive part and a through between a hopper and a funnel each of which is filled with the catalyst particle. CONSTITUTION:In packing each reaction tube small in a tube diameter and long in a tube length with a spherical, cylindrical or rectangular catalyst particle, the catalyst particle is put in the hopper 1 of a packing machine and fallen onto the trough 3 of the drive part 2 of an electromagnetic feeder fom the lower opening thereof. The trough 3 is vibrated by the drive part of the electromagnetic feeder to fall the catalyst particle into a funnel 4 and said catalyst paticle is supplied into the reaction tube from a condition 5 to pack the same. In this case, by changing voltage to be applied to the electromagnet of the drive part 2 of the electromagnetic feeder, the supply speed of the catalyst particle can be freely regulated and a plurality of the reaction tubes can be packed with the catalyst particle in uniform density within a short time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine for filling spherical, cylindrical or rectangular granules. More specifically, the present invention relates to a filling machine for uniformly filling spherical, cylindrical, or rectangular catalyst particles into the reaction tubes of a multitubular vertical reactor.

Conventionally, multi-tube vertical reactors have been widely used in all industrial fields, but multi-tube vertical reactors are not often used in the chemical industry, especially when conducting gas phase or liquid phase reactions using catalysts. This is a reactor. The form of this multi-tube vertical reactor varies depending on various reactions or catalysts used, but the external heat exchange type multi-tube vertical reactor will be explained as follows.

In this reactor type, a long and narrow reaction tube is filled with a catalyst, and a heat transfer medium outside the tube heats or removes heat through the tube wall to adjust the temperature of the catalyst layer to a range suitable for the reaction. Typically, the reactor consists of a large number of vertical reaction tubes arranged in parallel, in the form of a large shell-and-tube heat exchanger. This external heat exchange type multitubular vertical reactor is used to carry out various reactions in which exothermic or endothermic reactions have a wide range of optimum reaction temperatures and require a certain amount of contact time.

When using the above type of external heat exchange type multi-tube vertical reactor, various problems arise, including the problem of the reaction tube diameter and the uniform passage of the raw material gas flowing through the reaction tubes containing the catalyst. The problem of uniform catalyst loading into the reaction tubes is important.

Considering the diameter of the reaction tube from the viewpoint of temperature control, the heat generated during the reaction occurring on the catalyst moves in the radial direction through the catalyst layer and through the tube wall to the heat medium. Therefore, the diameter of the reaction tube is preferably smaller. However, if the diameter of the reaction tube is small, the number of reaction tubes becomes enormous, and the time required to fill and extract the catalyst also increases, so there is a limit to this. The minimum pipe diameter that can be used industrially is about 15 sakaki.

When filling the reaction tube with catalyst, the diameter of the reaction tube is taken into consideration from the viewpoints of yield improvement and reaction temperature control, and because the tube diameter is small and the tube length is long, some catalyst particles may fall down inside the tube. During the process, they come into contact with each other, and a large number of catalyst particles rush into the reaction tube at once, resulting in cross-linking and
A phenomenon called bridging is likely to occur. This bridging phenomenon causes the catalyst filling state of each reaction tube to be non-uniform, which causes the ventilation resistance of each reaction tube to differ. Therefore, in some pipes, the contact time of the reaction gas with the catalyst is too short, resulting in a large amount of unreacted components, and in another pipe, the contact time of the reaction gas with the catalyst is too long, resulting in many side reactions. The fact that the reaction conditions differ from one reaction tube to another does not only reduce the overall yield, but also accelerate the decline in catalytic activity, and may even cause no endothermic reaction to occur at all. Therefore, pay close attention to the filling of catalyst particles into each reaction tube, and fill the catalyst particles so that the catalyst resistance of each reaction tube is the same, so that the reaction gas passes through each reaction tube evenly. Must be.

In order to evenly fill a large number of reaction tubes with catalyst particles, it is best not to fill the reaction tubes with more than one catalyst particle at a time. However, in this method, the length of the reaction tube is long and the number of reaction tubes is large, so the time and effort required to fill the catalyst particles are immeasurable. Therefore, such a method is not practical.

Conventionally, when filling a reaction tube with catalyst particles, although the above-mentioned best method and ingenuity may not be suitable, it has been carried out manually by a method that is close to it and requires a tremendous amount of time and effort. However, in spite of this, the catalyst filling state is often non-uniform.

There are many ways to create a filling machine that would require a tremendous amount of time and effort to achieve a uniform catalyst filling state, but since thousands of reaction tubes are tightly packed within a narrow area, it is not possible to create an effective filling machine. A filling machine has yet to be invented.

The inventors conducted extensive research to solve the many difficulties encountered in conventional catalyst filling, discovered a catalyst filling machine that could be used in a short time, and evenly packed the catalyst particles, and completed this invention. did.

However, an object of the present invention is to prevent the bridging phenomenon that occurs during the filling of catalyst particles and to uniformly fill the catalyst particles. Another objective is to shorten the time required for the filling operation, and still another objective is to perform the filling operation mechanically without relying on manual labor. Other objects will become apparent from the detailed description of the invention below.

The present invention provides a catalyst filling machine equipped with a hopper (1), a single funnel (4), and a conduit (5) that connects the catalyst particle outlet of the funnel (4) with a reaction tube.
Hopper (1) and funnel (
4), and has a structure that allows it to be installed at the top of the reactor and moved freely.

The electromagnetic feeder drive unit (2) used in the present invention is normally commercially available and can be used sufficiently, and the catalyst particle feeding speed can be changed by changing the voltage applied to the electromagnet of the electromagnetic feeder drive unit (2). be able to. Further, the width of the trough (3) that receives the catalyst particles falling from the hopper (1) and sends them into the funnel (4) while vibrating can be appropriately changed depending on the shape, particle size, etc. of the catalyst.

The hopper (1) used in the present invention can receive the required amount of catalyst to be filled into the reaction tube, has an inclination greater than the angle of repose of the catalyst particles, and has a trough (3) of the electromagnetic feeder drive unit (2). The hopper (1) has an opening at the bottom so that the catalyst can be dropped into the hopper (1). Hola, there is.

The funnel (4) used in the present invention receives the catalyst dropped from the trough (3) and sends it to the conduit (5).
The conical or pyramidal receiver consists of a mouth and a circular pipe part to which the conduit is directly connected. Trough (3) and III-1-(4)
It is appropriate to select a gap within the range of 20,711 m or less.

The conduit (5) used in the present invention is for guiding catalyst particles from the funnel outlet to the reaction tube, and can be a flexible conduit made of a material such as com, vinyl chloride, or polyethylene. .

Using the catalyst packing machine of the present invention, catalyst particles are packed into a reactor consisting of dozens of reaction tubes, such as a reactor used in the production of ethylene oxide, phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid, etc. In such cases, the effects of the present invention are extremely large. In other words, in order to fill the catalyst into a reactor consisting of dozens of reaction tubes,
Although it required a long time of 30 days and a lot of labor, using the catalyst filling machine according to the present invention, the
It can be done in an extremely short amount of time and with little effort. Further, the catalyst filling state after filling is uniform without any unevenness due to bridging, there is no need to adjust the catalyst resistance, and the catalyst activity exhibits a stable value, which is an industrially advantageous effect.

In order to describe the present invention in more detail, the present invention will be explained using drawings. At the same time, the usage of the filling machine according to the present invention will be explained using the drawings. However, the drawings are schematic/illustrative embodiments of the present invention, and all modifications are included in the present invention as long as they fall within the scope of the claims.

The catalyst filling machine of the present invention is installed at the top of the reactor, and a conduit is lowered from a filling port such as a manhole, the other end of the conduit is connected to the top of each reaction tube, and the required amount of catalyst can be injected into the hopper (1). It is preferable that the hoppers (1) are arranged around the same circumference as shown in FIG. 1, but they can also be arranged in a horizontal row or in two rows back to back. The number of hoppers (11) arranged may increase or decrease depending on the required amount of catalyst, reactor diameter, required filling machine diameter, etc., but the more hoppers are arranged, the more efficient it is.

The lower part of the hopper (1) has a slope greater than the angle of repose of the catalyst particles and is further provided with a rectangular opening on the trough (3) containing the electromagnetic feeder drive (2), which serves as the catalyst outlet. Become. The catalyst injected into the hopper (1) falls from the outlet of this hopper (1) onto a trough (3) having an electromagnetic feeder drive (2), and is further moved into the trough (3) by the vibration of the electromagnetic feeder drive (2). vibrates and the catalyst moves, allowing it to fall into the funnel (4). The filling speed can be changed depending on how the electromagnetic feeder drive unit (2) is vibrated. Primarily, it will vary the magnitude of the amplitude by adjusting the voltage, changing the moving speed and filling speed. This speed determines how the catalyst is packed in the reaction tube, so great care must be taken.

The groove width of the trough (3) may also have to be changed slightly depending on the filling speed, catalyst particle size, shape, etc., since catalyst particles may clog or remain on the trough. The catalyst that continuously fell in small amounts from the trough (3) is transferred to the funnel (4).
)to go into. The funnel (4) has a circular tube at the bottom and is connected to the conduit (5). The diameter of the circular tube is preferably the same as the diameter of the reaction tube, but it does not necessarily have to be the same.

The catalyst enters the conduit (5) from the funnel (4) and enters the reaction tube through the conduit (5).The conduit (5) is flexible and can be bent freely so that it can be filled into the reaction tube at any position in the reactor. It is preferable to choose a material that is It is still desirable to have a connection type that allows for easy removal.

Otsuga (1), electromagnetic feeder drive unit (2), funnel (
4) The number of combinations of conduits (5) to be installed in the catalyst filling machine will vary depending on the required amount of catalyst, reactor diameter, required filling machine diameter, etc., but workability and efficiency during catalyst filling should also be considered. It is preferable to design the reaction tube so that it can be filled into several or several dozen reaction tubes at a time. They may be arranged on the same circumference as shown in Figure 1, in a horizontal row, or in two back-to-back rows.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below.

However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment unless it goes against the spirit thereof.

Example 1 3800 reaction tubes with an inner diameter of 30 holes and a length of 1200 +++ m
In order to fill the existing multitubular vertical reactor with cylindrical catalyst particles with a diameter of 6.4 mrh and a length of 64 mrh, a catalyst packing machine designed as shown in Figures 1 and 2 was installed. Manufactured.

Electromagnetic feeder, drive part (2).

)r7f3) ・200V・50H'
・Trough width 60.32 hoppers: 32 conduits on a circumference of 1600m
; Gap between vinyl pipe hopper (1) with inner diameter of 30 mm and trough (3) 5 mm Gap between trough (3) and funnel (4) 5 mm 32 hoppers (1)
7000 mJ of catalyst particles were added to each. The electromagnetic feeder drive unit (2) is driven once to apply vibration to the trough (3), and the catalyst particles are gradually transferred from the hopper (1) outlet to the trough (
3) It was moved upward and gradually moved on the trough (3). The catalyst particles were dropped from the trough (3) into the row 1-(4), and then passed through a vinyl conduit (5) with an inner diameter of 30 mm and filled into the reaction tube. It took 7 minutes to fill 7000 ml of catalyst into one reaction tube. It took about 24 hours to fill all 3,800 reaction tubes with catalyst.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of the catalyst filling machine of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of the catalyst filling machine of the present invention. (1) Hopper = (Fixed leg (2)
Electromagnetic feeder 1 drive part (8)・Spring (3
)・Trough (9)・・Moving wheels (4)・
- Low) QO) - Electromagnetic feeder holding stand (5) - Conduit Ql) - Frame (G
) ,,'Supporting frame patent ratio, Applicant Nippon Shokubai Chemical Co., Ltd. Procedural amendment (spontaneous) December 27, 1980 Director of the Patent Office Kazuo Wakasugi 1, Indication of case Patent application No. 11518 of 1982 No. 2, Name of the invention Catalyst filling machine 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 5-1 Koraibashi, Higashi-ku, Osaka, Osaka Prefecture Name
(462) Representative Director, Nippon Shokubai Chemical Co., Ltd.
Mr. Ishikawa, Department 4, Agent 〒-100 Address 1-2-2 Uchisaiwai-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nippon Shokubai Chemical Co., Ltd. Tokyo Branch Phone: Tokyo 5o2-16s1 5. "Explanation" column 6, content of correction +11 Specification, page 11, line 2, "Length 1200 smJ" is corrected to "Length 12 m."

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1+ hopper = (1), -11 garden funnel (4) and low)