JPS59134247A - System and method of reinforced concrete structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the construction of structural frames for reinforced concrete buildings or other structures, and in particular to column and beam forms in which the structural frame is an integral part and methods of using this form. .

Traditionally, there have been many systems for constructing structural frames for industrial type buildings, including the use of steel frames, because they are relatively inexpensive to construct and can be quickly erected. However, these structures are difficult to install because in a fire, the steel columns expand rapidly, causing them to twist and bend, resulting in the need for complete building replacement. faces the serious problem of relatively low fire ratings.

Reinforced concrete offers substantial advantages over steel from a fire rating standpoint, and many specifically designed concrete forms for such use have been proposed in the past. Some of these molds are made of construction grade lumber or plywood into which the pour comfried tray is to be assembled into the desired shape of the receptacle.

Molds such as 7'L that will be used many times may be made of metal that has the necessary stiffness and strength to pour the fluid concrete and support the weight of the fluid concrete during the initial stages of it curing. good. These molds come in many types and shapes and are provided with various means of securing them in place during pouring and of releasing them for easy removal after the concrete has sufficiently set.

Removable molds generally have to be moved from site to site and must also be cleaned or refurbished after each use, which reduces both base and usage costs. It has the characteristic of being able to hit the mark. In fact, their original cost is usually justified by the fact that they are used many times, thereby reducing the construction cost per unit.

A principal object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for use in building construction that results in a structural framework of columns and gates of reinforced concrete permanently enclosed in a mold of sheet metal into which concrete is poured. It is in. A further special purpose was that the metal molds were to give a finished appearance to the surfaces of the columns and columns exposed in the finished building, thereby contributing to the final appearance of the building at a minimum cost. It is about providing.

According to the invention, the structural framework of a building or other structure, such as a bridge, is constructed from the form of columns of metal plates built on a concrete slab or other foundation and interconnected with beam forms of auxiliary metal plates. It mainly consists of Before concrete slabbing, and preferably before making molds, each mold is provided with steel reinforcing rods as bones suitably located inside;
The rods within each pair of interconnected molds are also spliced together by additional rod members that bridge the joints between the connected molds.

In the practice of the invention, with a suitable internal reinforcing framework,
The post and beam forms are built on a concrete slab or other foundation up to at least the level of the second story of the building or the level of the roof of a single-family home. All of the concrete for the building frame is then poured at once to fill the beam and column forms that have been made, and the beams and columns are then placed on top. If the building has one or more storeys, the column type may be of the same height as the first completed building, or - the column type of the storey may be of the same height as the first completed building.
Each floor can be built on top of the molds already in place cast in concrete, along with the necessary additional beam molds for each bracing floor. The same process of pouring the confetti for the molding of the beams and columns at each successive story is continued until the entire building frame has been poured.

The main advantage provided by the present invention is that the pillar and beam forms can be manufactured in factory production and provided with suitable internal reinforcing aggregates, so that they can be completely constructed. Everything is ready and sent to the construction site, so you can do it right. Thus, the only stage in the fabrication of a building frame that is subject to weather conditions is the actual making of the molds and pouring of concrete. The construction of the individual molds according to the present invention allows for their building and interconnection on site, requiring a minimum of the time required for conventional removable molds; Must be assembled on site.

A particularly important feature of the invention is that, according to the technique of the invention, the finished columns and beams are made of relatively lightweight and elastic metal plates, even though the molds into which the concrete is poured are made of relatively lightweight and elastic metal plates. The first is to ensure that it has a properly flat ridge. The result of this is that, in the invention, the opposite sides of the mold are first compressed so that the initially compressed sides of the mold fill them with an appropriate level of fluid pressure 1.
(Accordingly, this is achieved mainly by allowing the curved part to return to the flat state with a calculated permissible push force. In particular, several spaced steel bands This steel band is pressed by Wella in combination with
Only when the initially concave sides of the mold return to a substantially flat state are they stretched to a predetermined tension value calculated to offset the total fluid pressure of the fluid concrete filling the mold.

The molds of the present invention in which the invention is implemented result in higher costs per building than the removable molds, although the molds of the present invention are more efficient than the removable molds when used for multiple buildings. This is because it remains intact as a part of the building compared to
However, this original cost is easily offset by the cost of labor and especially the time savings on the job.

For example, ``traditional removable molds must be assembled from individual parts during work, and after the concrete has been poured, they must be placed under the beams, especially until the concrete hardens to the appropriate strength.'' It must remain in place for a specified period of time. The stanchions must also remain in place for the same period of time and then be taken down and prepared for reuse. In contrast, the molds of the present invention remain as part of the building, so that after the pillars and beams have been poured, the molds for the next floor can be made and poured immediately, even the next day.

Another important advantage of the invention is that permanent metal molds add strength to the composition even before the concrete hardens, so fewer supports are needed or required than removable molds. The struts are removed more quickly than in conventional removable models. This again results in considerable savings in both time and money, including a reduction in the original cost represented by the much lower mass of the struts required to implement the invention.

A further advantage of the present invention is that it is flexible in terms of the size and shape of the beam in which the invention is practiced, as will be readily seen in the examples of specific beam shapes discussed below.

In the finished structure, substantial areas of the outer surfaces of both the post and beam forms remain exposed, and the versatility of the present invention is such that such exposed surfaces can be finished in a variety of ways. It shows a different situation.

For example, if the mold is made of an inexpensive material such as cold-rolled sheet steel, it can be painted as desired. It can also be made of sheet metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum with a thin anodized coating, which has a naturally decorative surface.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on all the drawings.

Figures 1 and ≠ show part of the structural framework of columns and beams, which are injected into the concrete foundation floor 10 by protruding reinforcing copper iron rods 11 inserted into the concrete within the column mold. Fixed. The mold 12 fits onto a leg anchor or shoe 13 having ≠ sides and a plurality of grooves 14 in it, so that the mold 12 fits onto a horizontal beam mold 15.
can be adjusted at the level of

- Once the level is determined, the mold 12 is delt-tightened to the shoe 13 by screws 16vζ screwed into the grooves 14 to fix the mold 12 in a predetermined position on the shoe 13.

The column forms 12 are screwed into a plurality of column frames 8 which are generally positioned in two pairs adjacent to each other. It has a plurality of opposing openings for receiving the seat 1f. Each pair of rods 8 supports a pair of opposite walls of the mold, which, as shown, include a pair of U-shaped sides 20 and a pair/piece of metal 21. They are held together by plate screws, welding or by bolts 17 and struts 18.

A plurality of concrete reinforced steels 822 are attached to the post frame 18 by wire ties 23, and the bars 22? Inward spacing of the inner surface of mold 12? I try to keep it in the specified position. The rods 22 are similarly attached to the same reinforcing rods 24 projecting from the adjacent beam molds 15 and are also attached to the base fastening rods 11 as shown in FIGS. 1, 5 and 4.

The horizontal beam pattern 15 is the same as the column pattern 12 except that the beam pattern has three side walls and a U that forms an inwardly bent flange 26 and leaves an open side or groove 27. It is equipped with a letter-shaped member. A plurality of spaced metal strips 28 are welded or screwed to the seven langes 2.
6 and holds the upper end of the side wall of the beam form fixed to define an open groove 27 through which concrete 31 is poured from cuyute 32 or from another source. Although FIG. 1 shows a beam mold 15 of square cross-section, it is generally rectangular and substantially deeper than it is wide, e.g.
For example, 2 inches.

The rod 18 in the post-and-beam mold may have an internal thread for the bolt 17 at each end, or a protruding end portion with an external thread, so that each end is connected to the opposite mold wall. Attach the screw through the opening of the column, and the type 12 of the column is the type 15 of 9.
may be further strengthened and the reinforced steel bars 22 and 24 may be accurately positioned and held. Thus, the post frame 1
8, some concrete is set to further strengthen the inside of each poured concrete column and beam. The nuts or gels by which rod 18 is attached to the wall are then quickly removed and the same threaded portions of rod 18 are attached to steel or other wall panels inside and outside the building structure. used.

Complete poured concrete columns and beams are left with inexpensive metal molds 12 and 15 surrounding them.

The finished frame comprises a reinforced concrete structure with thin metal walls in place, substantially increasing the fire rating of the completed building. The wall is made of concrete pillars.
Because it has a high temperature, it can withstand a long time, e.g., about ≠ hours, without breaking or bending the steel columns and beams used in steel buildings, which makes it possible to quickly repair fire damage. , and the insurance rate for building owners will be lower.

FIG. 2 more clearly shows the use of strut frames 18 to support reinforcing bars 22, which are placed at each corner defined by the intersecting strut frames 18, and are wrapped with wire 23 to cover their entire length. Holds it in place. This advantageously spaces the reinforcing rods 24 a predetermined distance within the mold 12 to facilitate the desired fire rating. This rating is determined by the distance the bar is inward from the outer surface of the reinforced concrete.

Figure ≠ shows a column type 12 on a foundation 10 with a fixing rod 11.
furthermore, the fixing bars are connected by means of a plurality of wire stirrups 40 to vertically extending reinforcing bars 22, the units of which are connected so that the concrete 31 forms columns. It holds it in place at the same size.

Bar 1811''t is seen in this view at the same time as the cue 13, which is secured to the foundation 10 by screws or other attachment members 41 and held by screws 16 passing through openings in the wall 21 to hold the mold 12 in place. The screws 16 and grooves 14 can also be omitted and each mold 12 is suitably leveled by a wedge until the concrete 31 is poured and set.

FIG. 5 shows the column mold 12 connected to the pair of beam molds 15 by a diagonal joint 43 held by a small corner member 44 screwed or welded in place at the diagonal joint 43. The vertical reinforcing rod 22 is a wire tie 23VC,
It is thus connected to the horizontal reinforcing rod 2.4. Beam type 1
The end of the beam 5 has a notch 45 and is connected to the column mold 12, so that the fluid concrete is inserted into the opening groove 27 of the beam mold 15.
When poured into the vertical column, the concrete forms part 1 of the vertical column.
2 and wrap around the reinforcing rods 22 and 24 as well as the support frame 18 up to the level of the flange 26 of the beam mold 15.

In FIG. 3, a pair of beam molds 15 are connected to a joint connecting member 50.
, and each has a cutout portion 51 serving as an opening into the vertical column mold 12 . The horizontal reinforcing bar 24 and the vertical reinforcing bar 22 are again connected to each other with wires 23 and are held in place by a support frame 1BVC, which is not shown in this figure.

FIG. 7 shows a cardboard member 60 covering each end of the mold and a plurality of corrugations wrapped around the mold. -The type of pillar made of chrysanthemum for loading in Le Obi 61? show. Band 61 has a steel band tightened around it to hold the corrugated pole in place.

This packing prevents the mold 12 from being damaged,
It also provides additional reinforcement against the static pressure of the concrete as the mold is filled. Thus, the strips 62 are not removed until the posts are injected and settled.

The present invention may be used to construct each of the vertical column shapes 12 and to attach them to each other and their respective reinforcing bars 22 and 24. - Once the complete system is set, concrete is poured to fill the column form 12 and beam form 15 and encase the reinforcing bars 22 and 24 and the column frame 18. After the concrete has settled, the Hp silts 7 can be removed from the threaded mouths of the rods 18, which are encased in concrete. Bolts 17 may also be used to attach walls and motherboards to completed posts and beams. Columns may also be attached to the interior of the building and their surfaces may be strengthened by attaching elongated angular iron members to the threaded ends of rods 18 and wall spring rings are installed to cover the columns. That is what is intended.

FIG. 3 illustrates the use of a plurality of column molds 12 connected to a plurality of horizontal beam molds 15 to form the structural framework of a building. After the interconnected molds have been filled with concrete and the concrete has had time to settle,
Completed skeleton ll′j1. The installation of the walls, tunnels, and roof will prepare for the installation. However, as is clear, multi-story buildings are formed by pouring a first level, adding mold to it, pouring the next level in the same way, and so on. .

Figure g shows pillar molds 101 and 102 and beam mold 1.
05 and 106 to show the application of the present invention to a multi-story building on a foundation slab 100. In FIG. g, the cross section of the pillar mold 101 for the - floor and the second floor is shown larger than that of the pillar mold 102 for the third floor. That is, 2 feet square on the lower floor and 2 feet square on the roof. The beams 105 and 106 are shown to have the same dimensions on all floors. That is, thickness/feet height/feet.

Other than the difference in dimensions, fMlol and 102 are of the same shape; It consists of a pair of U-shaped members 110 made of steel plates.The mold is assembled by abutting members 110ffi with flange parts 111i, and then welding the assembled members together with appropriate spacing. be done.

The beam form 105 is formed of two metal plate members 115 of generally L-shaped cross section, each of which also has seven langes shown extending perpendicularly inwardly from the edge of the L-shaped section. 116 and 117. In the mold 105, the two single-shaped members 115 are welded together along the abutting flange 116, and the connecting strip +18k is welded to the opposing flange 117 with a space between them, leaving an opening between the flanges 117.
assembled by welding or bolting.

Beam molds 106 are used for their use in conventionally constructed precast floor slabs 120 to form a support for a top layer 121 of reinforced concrete that is poured in place and fastened to adjacent concrete by right-angled reinforcing bars 123.
The construction is somewhat different from 05. In this reservoir, each beam mold 106 has one L-shaped component 115 and a second L-shaped component 115.
The component 125 includes a letter-shaped component 125, which includes:
The height of the member 115 is increased by an amount approximately equal to the vertical thickness of the completed slab 120 with the entire upper end 121 of the concrete. Member 125 has seven flange 126 and 127
, which correspond to the seven flange 116 and 117 and are connected by an inclined strip 128 which corresponds in spacing and function to the strip 118.

The beam mold 106 is used to form a triangular booth beam along the exterior of the building frame, as shown in FIG. The beam mold 105 is then used inside the frame as shown in Figure 1/. Seven runs 117 along the inside surface of each beam mold 10'6 form a shelf that supports the edge of the slab 120. Then, once the concrete top 121 is almost poured, the L-shaped formation 125 above the level of the flange 117
The section will surround the space between itself and the edge of the slab 120, forming a weir which will also be filled with concrete.

Column '7) WIOI is shown as being high enough to reach the level of the third floor slab of the building. Each of these molds, located on the exterior of the structural frame, has a rectangular cutout 130i at the appropriate level and location on its face to receive the entire beam molds 105 and 106 for the second floor of the building, and likewise rectangular grooves 131 are placed in its upper end so that they fit with the third-story burr molds 105 and 106. The pillar molds 102 are provided with similar moldings at their upper ends to match the beam molds of the roof of the building.

Similarly, multi-story molds with cutouts and moldings can also be used for the interior of buildings. However, if the temperature of the internal column is limited to a single story, it may be of a height that matches the bottom of the beam mold. In this case, the beam mold will be installed at the top with its ends abutting each other, and the bottoms I11 of the seven beams will mainly be made of concrete in the shape of the column, as shown in Figure 4. It will be cut off as it flows.

In the initial configuration of the building frame, the column type 101 is formed by the base bed 10 in the manner already described in connection with the column type 12.
Created on top of 0. Beam molds 305 and 10 for the second floor
．． 6 is then placed at an appropriate position on the mold 101 of the pillar made. To this end, each beam mold has seven or more angled brackets 135 that are welded or otherwise secured to the bottom edges of the associated cutouts 130 or grooves 31. After each υ shape is thus temporarily fastened in place, it is permanently secured by stitching or seam welding.

In one step of constructing the building, the frame is permanently attached to an appropriate number of beam forms 105 and 106 on at least the second floor.
An appropriate number of permanently fixed column molds 101 are provided. If the building is not very high and a crane is effective,
Before the entire mold concrete is poured, interconnecting grooves can be placed. Alternatively, the molds for the seven or more storeys are made while the concrete in the molds for the seven or more storeys is setting, i.e. by pouring the next day.

The preferred result is a stiff but relatively light gauge wire rod with a glass tip at each end and dimensioned to fit snugly across the interior width of each column mold. A plurality of sets of books 141 are obtained by supporting the reinforcing rod 140 with vertical space. These wires 141Fi are welded together at the points where they intersect with each other, and the reinforcement rods 140 are connected to the exterior formed by the crossed ends of each pair of wires 141 as shown in FIG. located at the corners and held in these positions by surrounding wire stirrups 145, suitably spaced, eg, feet apart.

Each beam mold 105 and 106 has the same internal reinforcement as shown in FIGS. It comprises one reinforcing rod 150 at the bottom when the entire assembly consists of one wire 151 with a plastic character f152. Wire stirrups 55 surround the bale 150 at appropriate intervals along the length of the beam. Additional reinforcing rods 150 can be used if desired and are provided inside stirrup 155 and secured thereto by wire ties.

An important advantage of the internal reinforcement arrangement shown in FIGS. 70-12 is that there is no need to provide holes in the mold itself. Another advantage is that all the reinforcing metal is kept spaced internally to the inner surface of the mold and is insulated against heat introduced to the exterior of the finished wall, as in the case of wire. . Thus, support wires 41 and 1
All of the reinforcing structures, with the exception of
Also, the glass characters f142 and 143 insulate the wires 41 and 151 from the direct conduction of heat from the metal of the mold.

Another configuration for supporting the reinforcing rod frame with thermal insulation at a complete distance internally from the mold is shown in Fig. 73 to Fig. 1j, column type 1.
01. It comprises two U-shaped wire clips 156 whose rounded ends are placed at the corners of the mold and whose leg portions are attached to the associated reinforcing rods 140 by tightening or spot fitting or the like. Fixed. Preferably, the tapered portion of the clip is covered with 70 mm tube material for thermal insulation purposes. The molds 101, 102, 105 and 106, which are essentially of the same construction as used in the beam molds of the present invention, are preferred because they are made of relatively thin and inexpensive steel plates so that they do not flow easily before the concrete settles. Distortion may occur due to the fluid pressure exerted on them by the concrete. This tendency to deflect increases with the cross-sectional size of each mold due to the corresponding increase in pressure across the operable lever arms. Thus, it is important that each of the beam shapes resist fluid pressure, particularly due to the substantially greater depth of the beam shapes compared to the pillar shapes. Therefore, a special technique has been developed in this invention to control all the fluid pressures in the co/cleat so that these pressures do not permanently deform the mold from its best rectangular cross-section.

According to Figure 73, before the concrete is poured, all of the beam molds prepared to be filled with concrete have compressed walls on opposite sides of them in response to the fluid pressure brought about by the fluid concrete filling the molds. Preferred results have been obtained in the practice of the present invention when compressed into a concave shape with a desired force calculated to allow the material to extend nearly flat.

This negative curvature is achieved by means of a two-by-four 1'60 well, which is formed by molds 105 and 10.
6 and pressed inside the rectangular profile of the mold by a steel strip 161 which completely surrounds the mold and whose ends are secured together by conventional clip means. has been done.

In a commercial implementation of the invention, it is entirely feasible to calculate the exact total tension required for a concrete beam strip 162 of selected dimensions and given fluidity.

However, as a special feature of this embodiment of the invention,
In beam molds of feet wide/feet deep, the centers of the opposing side walls of the mold each have approximately 0.5 mm in the interior of the plane they occupy, if at all, so that they are primarily flat. /Otsuθi/Te can be said to be compressed.

Figures 1 to 1B show an alternative configuration in which a column form 101 is likewise preloaded in order to obtain a substantially flat final sidewall. In this connection, it should be noted that in molds of relatively small dimensions, e.g. /ft square columns, the flanges 111 have a firming effect on the side walls of the mold, where they are It turns out that it is necessary to provide only two side walls in the form of recessed curvature. However, in larger section column types it will usually be necessary to provide all μ walls with an initial recessed curvature.

In FIG. 1, the column form 101 is shown having its wide side walls all gold-plated by means of a two-by-four 170. Strip 171 and chryso f172
The configuration of is the same as that already described with respect to FIG.

In Figures 1j and 72, the means for initially compressing the walls of mold 101, together with strips 176 and clips 177, are for example 2 inches square with a thickness that may vary substantially from 1 inch to 2 inches. A plurality of wood grabs 175 are provided. These plug and strip assemblies would be spaced at appropriate intervals, such as 1/2 inch spacing, along the height of the column.

On the other hand, theory suggests that the fluid pressure load applied inside a vertical column varies from a maximum at the base of the column to a minimum at the upper level of the υ column; Concrete has a relatively low hydrostatic head i.e.
It exhibits hydraulic properties similar to those of a liquid, reaching a maximum at 2 to 1/j feet, which remain substantially unchanged as its hydrostatic head increases.

The degree of negative curvature initially introduced into the column form can therefore be the same throughout the height of the column form, with concrete extending from the column form to the beam form. It should be kept in mind that it is undesirable to inject more than one level of a building frame into a building because of its tendency to overflow.

As already mentioned with respect to beam molds, the commercial implementation of the present invention is based on a table of appropriate seratra listing the deviations and tensions required for best results in beam molds of various cross-sections and heights. It would be convenient to provide this.

As a particular example of the values involved, it can be said that for the type of pillar constructed as shown in Figure 1Q, 20 feet high by 1 foot square, the type is 2! ; j
The desired result is obtained when the weller is surrounded by 2g cage steel strips 1/2 inch wide and spaced 1/2 inch apart under tension of ABS. 3/B This will result in an initial compression of the center of the interior type wall.

In addition to establishing flat sidewalls on completed posts and beams, the strip and weller assemblies of the present invention provide baths between the U-shaped or L-shaped members forming the post and beam shapes. Provides the added benefit of compensating for tangential connections. Thus, with this feature of the invention, it is possible and practical to secure mold members together by relatively widely spaced stitch welds, e.g., 7 g to 21 inch increments. In the absence of strips and aggregates, seam welding would be required throughout to support the fluid pressure of the fluid concrete, which considerably increases production costs while reducing the invention. does not improve the implementation or the quality of the resulting building framework.

In the practice of the invention, the post and beam molds are preferably formed by a suitable framework of reinforcing bars, each mold having a suitable framework of reinforcing bars fixed therein as previously described. It is then transported to the site. All of the column types to be provided on the slab 100, whether single-story or multi-story types, and the two-story forms are permanently fixed as already mentioned.

It is usually easier to postpone installing the upper floor beam forms until the second floor beam forms have been poured and settled. It is also important to note that before any concrete is poured, suitable supports, which may be from Taigu, which is conventionally used in removable forms for reinforced concrete beams, are installed under all beam forms. be fucked However, the struts are spaced at e.g. This allows for wider spacing along the line.

Before the concrete is poured, a length of reinforcing rod /10 is installed across the joints between all abutting molds. For example, lengths of reinforcing rods can be joined by wire ties or the like, so that each reinforcing rod in each beam form projects into the column to which it is connected or into another beam form. The ends must be connected. Furthermore, wherever the column type is to be subsequently provided with the second column type, the length of the reinforcing bar is spliced and connected to the upper end portion of the reinforcing bar 140 in the already made column type. It protrudes above the upper end of the mold.

In both of these cases, the lengths of the bars are at right angles, with seven legs on the beam and one leg on the descending column, as noted at 181. ing.

Once these preparations have been completed, including in particular the compaction of the molds as described in connection with Figures 13 to 1, the beam molds provided for pouring a sufficient comfried trough and the pillars on which they are installed will be It will satisfy the lowest level of the type. This is conveniently done by pumping or pouring fluid concrete through the open grooves at the top of each beam form, from where it flows continuously into the forms of adjacent columns until they are all at once.

A conventional vibrating device may be suspended within the pillar mold and pulled upwardly as the pillar mold fills. Once this pouring operation is complete, and the poured concrete is still soft, the auxiliary connecting rods are set where needed, especially at right angles.
Succeedingly fix the slab 120-121 with something like 23 to the concrete of the beam type 106? It is something to do.

FIGS. 77-23 illustrate that the present invention can be applied to columns and molds of various shapes, sizes, and special purposes. show. Thus, FIG. 17 shows a column form 200 designed to accommodate both reinforced concrete columns and piping or distribution poles. The mold 200 is initially made from a pair of L-shaped metal plate members 201, similar to the beam mold members 115, and a flat channel-shaped member 202. These members are welded together with members 202 spaced inwardly from the 7 flange 203 of member 201 and are connected to themselves and the 7 flange 203.
A space 205 is left between the plane formed by the lunge 203. Only the portion of the mold at the bead of member 202 is filled with reinforced concrete, leaving space 205 for piping and/or recording material and subsequently welded to 7 langes 203 or 7 flange 203. It is surrounded by a bolted flat metal plate 206.

In Figure 1, a column form 210 is constructed by welding together a relatively deep 7-run flange member 211 and a relatively shallow Franz channel member 212 along the seam created by their abutting 7-lunge. It is equipped with The two channel members are in the interior of the wall, shown in fragments at 215, so that in the completed building, the welded seam between them is only visible in the finished building with the intact surface part of the mold. It is said that it is a relative harmony like that.

The first drawing is designed specifically to form a triangular booth extending along the top of the window, with the aim of minimizing water coming from above to the top of the window. A mold 220 is shown.

The L-shaped member 221 of the mold 220 is the member 11 already described.
It is the same as 5. L-shaped member 222 is deeper than member 221 along its lower end and has a correspondingly taller seven runs 223 and a strip 224 corresponding to strip 118 of FIG.

The bottom of the member 222 in the first drawing is provided with a groove 225ff extending in its longitudinal direction, and although this groove is shown inward in the first drawing, it can also effectively be turned outward. can be equal.

In the completed building, member 222 will be on the outside, the spill frame will be placed directly below member 221, and water running down the face of the building will be directed inward along the bottom of member 222. When this movement reaches the groove 225, it falls from there, so that it does not reach the upper edge of the window itself.

FIG. 20 shows a production flash mold 230 with a trapezoidal cross section and an overhang. The L-shaped member 231 of the mold therefore has an acute angle at an obtuse flange 232 internally. Strip 2
The same configuration of 33 is used as in other beam molds of the present invention. Also, in the use of this mold, the opposing (ii1) part of the member 231 is preloaded to indent the curved portion according to the principles already described in connection with FIG. The term “square” is included in the claims [)”.

Figures 2/-23 show several beams and columns with internally curved flanges 241 constructed in various configurations from a plurality of identical members 240 in the form of relatively shallow channels. Show type. Thus, number one! /Figure V
Here, the pillar type 245 consists of ≠ members 240,
It can be seen that these are separate from each other, but welded together along their abutting edges to form a square.

In FIG. 22, three members 240 are also shown separately but are actually welded together to form a beam-shaped r-shape of primarily square cross-section. Strip 2 in Figure 2/Fig.
46 corresponds to the strip 118 in FIG.

In FIG. 23, a rectangular cross-section beam mold is also shown comprising a plurality of members 240 and strips 246. The advantage of these variations of the invention is that they limit the number of member shapes required to create variations in column and gauze shapes, all of which can be prepared at the construction site in preparation for the conditions of use. It is constructed and loaded with reinforced rod frames as required under factory conditions for shipment.

Although the types of methods and apparatus described above constitute preferred embodiments of the invention, the invention is not limited to these methods and apparatuses, and can be modified without departing from the scope of the invention. Can be changed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view of a portion of two pillar molds and seven beam molds according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a cutaway perspective view of a portion of a pillar mold; and FIG. A perspective view of a group of beam forms; Figure ≠ is a cross-sectional view of the connection between a vertical column and a poured concrete floor; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the connection between a column form and two horizontal beam forms; FIG. 4 is a cutaway perspective view of a portion of the T-joint between the two beam molds on the support column mold; FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the packaged column mold; FIG. Figure g is a fragmentary elevation of a post and beam form according to the invention in a multi-storey configuration; is a fragmentary partial cross-sectional view taken along the line 1o-io of Fig. 1/, and Fig.
Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view along line /2-/2 of Figure 1/ Figure 13 shows the curved section of the opposite side wall t before being filled with concrete. 1 of the beam type of the present invention that is recessed
FIG. 141- is a view similar to FIG. 13 showing the corresponding initial compression of the opposite side walls of the column mold; FIG. 1J is a diagram showing the modified configuration; FIG. Figure 1 O is a fragmentary view of Figure 1 J taken at right angles, Figure 17
Figure 1f is a diagrammatic sectional view showing a type of column according to the invention designed to provide a stand for piping and/or wiring; Figure 1f is a diagrammatic sectional view showing another type of modified column according to the invention; Figure 1 is a diagrammatic cross-section showing a beam form according to the invention with water falling along the window; Figure 10 is a diagrammatic cross-section showing a trapezoidal beam form according to the invention. Figure 1/Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view showing another configuration of a column type according to the present invention; Figures 22 and 13 are diagrammatic sectional views showing another beam type assembly according to the present invention; It is. 10...Foundation floor, 11...Reinforced steel rod, 12...
Pillar type, 13...Tsuyu-114...Miso, 15.
...beam type, 16...screw, 17...bolt, 1
8... Support frame, 20... U-shaped side wall material, 23...
・Wire tie, 24...Reinforcement rod, 26...Findle, 28...Strip piece, 31...Concrete. Bon 2 brown 2 (, 61 shij No. 13 Waji 19 Fig. 20〒

Claims (1)

[Claims] /, (a) a plurality of metal shells with a rectangular cross section;
b) means for fixing some of said shells to foundations in horizontally spaced vertical positions forming skeletal columns; (C) others of said shells are supported on said column shells in horizontally extending relationship forming framework beams; and (d) connecting adjacent ends of said beam shells together and interconnected. means for permanently securing to the shell of an adjacent said column having an interior of said adjacent shell; (e) a plurality of reinforcing bars extending the entire length of the interior of each of said shells; and (f) said reinforcing bars within each said shell spaced apart from each other and from the interior surface of said shell. and the means to hold it. Igl across each joint between adjacent said shells and in front of said adjacent shells. (h) the shell of said beam is open along its upper side to fill the interior of said shell and the shell of the lower column of said beam shell; A system for constructing a complete structural framework on a foundation, comprising reinforcing bars for receiving a sufficient amount of fluid concrete and holding said shell and rigidly interconnected to form a working structural framework. ! , (a) means for compressing opposing sidewalls of each of said beam shells into a predetermined concave curvature; and (b) said compression means responsive to fluid pressure of fluid concrete substantially filling seven els of said beam. 2. The building system of claim 1, further comprising: having a predetermined limited deflection characteristic to substantially flatten the sidewall. 3. said compression means (a) a well means extending substantially the entire length of each of said opposing sidewalls of said beam shell; and (b) surrounding said beam shell and said well means. (c) a plurality of horizontally spaced strip means of limited bending; (c) a flow 1 provided by fluid concrete substantially filling the shell of said beam having said substantially flat side walls; and means for holding the strip means at a predetermined tension calculated to reduce the water pressure. A vat dyeing system according to claim 2. ≠ (a) means for compressing the opposing walls of each of said column shells into a predetermined rectangular concave curvature, and (b) said compression means compressing said column mold under a fluid pressure of fluid concrete substantially KM; j. The compression means according to claim 1, further comprising: a predetermined deflection characteristic for substantially flattening the opposing sidewall in response to the compression means. (a) each of said opposing side walls of said column shell has an associated queller means; (b) a plurality of circumferentially curved strip means vertically spaced in surrounding relationship with the column shell and the well means; (c) said strip means at a predetermined tension calculated to neutralize the fluid pressure exerted by the nonyl fluid concrete of said column with substantially flat said opposing side walls; A building system according to claim ≠, comprising means for holding. B, (a) means for compressing the opposite side walls of each of the seven ells of said beam and the opposite side walls of each of said seven ells of said column into a predetermined concave curvature; (b) said compression means substantially and having a predetermined deflection characteristic for substantially flattening the compacted sidewall in response to fluid pressure of fluid concrete filling the compacted shell. Architectural system described. 7. Each shell of said beam extending along the outside of said framework has a vertical internal side wall forming a shelf along its upper edge, a horizontal bottom wall and a vertical external wall of a predetermined height higher than said internal side wall. a side wall, a portion of which projects upwardly beyond the horizontal plane defined by the shelf; a floor support means having an outer edge and spaced therebetween; and said upwardly projecting side wall portion having an rR1 body concrete poured over said floor support means and within said space. 2. A building system as claimed in claim 1, comprising forming a barrier to retain the layer. and each of said column shelves includes: (a) a generally U-shaped shell member; and (b)
an inner wall member permanently secured between opposing side walls of the shell member and spaced inwardly from an edge of the shell member to define a space within the shell member outwardly of the inner wall member; (c) said space represents the smallest piece of cross-section of said L member that is proportioned to form a full length for receiving piping and/or wiring; and (d) The building system according to claim 1, further comprising an outer wall member fixed to the side wall of the shell member outside the inner wall member to close the vertical wall. Z some of the shells of said beams extending along the outside of said framework are provided with: (a) vertical internal side walls; and (b) extending partially below the level of the lower edge of said internal side walls; (c) a horizontal bottom wall extending inwardly of said shell from the lower edges of said side walls at correspondingly different levels; (d) of said bottom wall; (e) wall means connected to the inner edge and adapted to cooperate with said bottom wall to form an upper edge portion of the window frame; (e) wall means extending longitudinally outside said bottom wall; 2. The building system of claim 1, further comprising means for forming and restricting the flow of liquid along said outer bottom wall inwardly of said groove. 10. In a building composition for constructing a reinforced metal/concrete structure, the bridge provided for permanent fixation to the structure comprises a light needle metal plate of substantially rectangular cross section with a hollow shape; a plurality of elongated reinforcing rods disposed inside the shell and extending in the longitudinal direction thereof at a distance from the inner surface of the shell; An architectural composition for constructing reinforced metal-concrete structures, comprising means for retaining. /A The building composition material according to claim 1O, wherein the means for fully holding the reinforcing rod is completely disposed within the shell so as not to create any holes on the surface of the shell. . / Construct 20 reinforced concrete columns, each further having 7 lunges bent inward along its edges.''
The shell member is assembled opposite the 7 flange and permanently fixes the shell part with the 7 rung by a welded joint between the shells, resulting in a V Architectural composition material according to any one of claims 70 and stripes//, characterized by an instant contact side wall of the architectural composition material. /30 reinforced concrete beams, generally U-shaped shell members with flanges along the edges that completely enclose the reinforced concrete beams and further project towards each other the smallest pieces of distance between the finished side walls of said composition; 10. A plurality of strip means spaced along said shell and fixed to said flange and having a corresponding number of strips to allow fluid concrete to enter the interior of said shell. and the building composition material according to any one of Section 1/. /1Aa) Horizontal spacing that forms the columns of the frame? (b) said column is substantially entirely closed along its ≠ sides; (C) interconnecting adjacent beams and a plurality of other elongated rectangular metal shells within said column shell, extending horizontally to form a framework beam within said column shell; (d) the shells of said 9 are opened along their upper sides to receive fluid concavities; and (e) within each of said shells. Install multiple reinforcement rods,
(f) spanning the entire length of each said shell at all prescribed intervals to each other and to the inner surfaces of said shells; and (f) extending reinforcing bars across each joint between adjacent seven said shells; connecting (ω) all opposing sidewalls of each of said beam shells so as to neutralize fluid pressure exerted by fluid concrete substantially filling said beam shell with said sidewalls being substantially flat; (h) filling said interconnected shell with fluid concrete until said compressed shell sidewalls are substantially flat; A method of constructing a structural frame comprising: A7+: A predetermined bending stress calculated to neutralize the fluid pressure caused by the fluid concrete filling the entire wall, thereby compressing it into a predetermined concave curvature. The method of clause 11. The step of compressing each of said opposing side walls includes using a wetter means on the outside of said wall, said wetter means being spaced apart along the length of said shell. Claims 1≠ and 1j, which are carried out by enclosing the device with a flexible strip that has been applied, and tightening said strip to a predetermined tension. The method described in.