JPS59122385A - Motor device utilizing supersonic vibration - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To convert strong vibration enegy of supersonic wave into rotation or linear movement by utilizing traveling wave combined with lateral wave and longitudinal wave excited on the surface of an elastic material. CONSTITUTION:A surface wave combined with a lateral vibration and a longitudinal vibration is formed on the surface 1a of an elastic material 1 such as metal. This surface wave is called ''Rayleigh wave'', and transmitted along the surface 1a of the elastic material 1. This Rayleigh wave is generated by exciting a vibrator which laterally or longitudinally vibrates. When the surface of a free movable body 2 is pressurized in contact on the surface 1a of the material 1 under this state, this body 2 is driven by the frictional force with the elastic body 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a motor device characterized in that it converts a traveling wave generated by a moving object into a unidirectional movement of moving objects placed in pressure contact with each other.

In other words, an ultrasonic vibrator formed by combining a tilted number of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements and incorporating them into an elastic body, and one end of a moving body that moves in a fixed direction with one end face of the elastic body. [-By distributing hot water to a position where they are in pressurized contact with each other, a traveling wave formed by the combination of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of the elastic body is converted into a unidirectional motion of the moving body. The present invention relates to a motor device consisting of.

Various types of motor devices that have been widely used in the past use electromagnetic force as their driving source. However, the size, weight, rotational force (torque), etc. of these devices are subject to certain limitations depending on the materials used. This is because the above-mentioned factors are determined by the magnetic properties of the materials used, and devices exceeding these properties cannot be rotated.

The present invention realizes a small and lightweight motor device by converting the powerful vibrational energy of ultrasonic waves into rotational or linear motion. The object of the present invention is to provide a motor device that utilizes traveling waves excited on the surface of an ultrasonic transducer, which has a structure incorporating a magnetostrictive element.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The operating principle and embodiments of the motor device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged perspective view for explaining the principle of operation. ] is an elastic body such as a metal, and shows an enlarged view of a state in which a traveling wave, which is a combination of transverse vibration and longitudinal vibration, is formed on its surface 1a.

The traveling wave mentioned above is firstly a surface wave generally called a Rayleigh wave, and it has been theoretically clarified that there are waves that propagate along the surface of an elastic body.

Elastic waves in solids include longitudinal waves and transverse waves, each of which exists independently, but due to the boundary condition of the surface, they intertwine and are synthesized. To generate Ray +7- waves, it is sufficient to place a vibrator that vibrates vertically or horizontally on the substrate medium and strike the surface of the substrate.No matter how you strike, the surface wave component will be generated at a considerable distance from the vibration source. can be observed. This is a traveling wave caused by the bending vibration of the second VC rod-shaped (plate-shaped) elastic body.On the surface of the elastic body, a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave are formed with a 90° phase shift, and the rod-shaped (plate-shaped) elastic Propagates along the body. The third type is a longitudinal traveling wave that propagates along a rod-shaped (plate-shaped) elastic body, and a transverse wave due to Poin's ratio appears on the surface of the elastic body. In this case as well, the surface of the elastic body forms vibrations in the tank in which longitudinal waves and transverse waves are out of phase by 90'.

In the case of FIG. 1, the vibration source is not shown, and only the propagation state of Rayleigh waves is shown. That is, if we now focus on mass point B, it is moving in the direction of arrow M on column Q, which is a combination of lateral width a (vertical direction) and longitudinal width b (horizontal direction),
The traveling wave is moving at the speed of sound U. This movement is the same at any point on the surface of the elastic body 1a, and when the surface of the free moving body 2 is pressed into contact with the surface of the elastic body 1 under this condition, the elastic body 2 moves The traveling waves of 1 are in contact only at the vertices A and A', and the vibration velocity v = 2rJb (fc dagger is the frequency)
Since it is moving in the direction of arrow M, it is driven in the direction of arrow N by the frictional force with the free movable double elastic body 1.

The present invention relates to a motor device based on the driving of a moving object by the above-mentioned traveling waves, and embodiments thereof will be described below. FIG. 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the device. In the figure, 11tj is a casing body, in which the node portion of the cylindrical bending vibrator 13 is supported by the support member 12, and the vibrator 13 is supported by the support member 12. A taper 132 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the substantially central portion, and one end side of the inner circumferential surface of the rotor 14 as a moving body is placed in pressure contact with the surface of the taper 138. Rotor 14
is supported movably in the axial direction relative to the rotating shaft 15, and rotational force is transmitted to the rotating shaft 15 via the pressure regulating mechanism 16. An example of the pressure regulating mechanism 16 will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 17 indicates a bearing.

The vibrator 13 has an electrostrictive element or a piezoelectric element 1 in the middle part.
8.19 is incorporated and serves as an excitation source for traveling waves. 3 shows side views 1 to 1 of the vibrator 13, and FIG. 4 shows a cross section taken along line A--A in FIG. In FIG. 3, electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements 1, 8, and 19 are configured to expand and contract in the axial direction as shown by arrows, and electrodes 20 are sandwiched between them. The arrangement of the electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element and the electrodes is as shown in FIG.
Leads to 2. The electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements located at respective diagonal positions operate to expand and contract in opposite directions. That is, the electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element 18. in contact with electrode a. l'9 is an electrostrictive element or a piezoelectric element 18. which is in contact with the electrode in the extending direction.
19 is polarized to move in the shortening direction. , further, the electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element 18.19 in contact with the electrode d extends in the elongation direction, and the electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element 18.1 in contact with the electrode C
9 is polarized to operate in the shortening direction.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of the pressure regulating mechanism 16. The figure shows an example of an automatic pressure regulating mechanism, in which a pair of special cams 23 and 24 with a V-shaped bottom are placed between the rotating shaft 15 and the rotor 14, and a plurality of steel cams interposed between them. By providing the ball 25, there is a steel ball at the bottom of the cam when there is no load, but
As the load is applied and the torque increases, the steel ball rides up the groove, creating axial pressure. -f
: Due to this, the torque of the rotor 14 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 15 side.

With the above configuration, when a high frequency voltage is applied between the vibrator 13 and the terminal 21 which is connected to the electrodes a and b shown in FIG. 4, the vibrator 13 causes a bending vibration as shown in FIG. 6. That is, in the first-order vibration state, point B in the center is the antinode of vibration, and points H and 2 are nodes of vibration. Next, when a high frequency voltage having a phase shift of 1 to 90' is applied to the voltage of the electrodes a and b between the terminal 22 connected to the other electrodes C and d and the vibrator 13, the point B is A vibration Z (perpendicular to the plane of the paper) that is out of phase with the vibration in the vertical direction is induced, so to speak, artificially creating a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave, and the composite wave becomes a rotating circular vibration.

From FIG. 7, the contact state between the vibrator central part 131], that is, the antinode part of the vibration, and the inner circumferential surface 14a of the rotor I4 circumscribing it is broken down into quarter cycles (1). (B) (C
)(I)). That is, the inner circumferential surface 14a of the rotor 14 is in contact with the peak of the wave on the side of the vibrator 13, and the contact point moves sequentially and goes around the inner circumferential surface 14a of the rotor 14 every cycle. The velocity of the mass point at the apex is proportional to the amplitude of vibration 1~, O
~ several m/sec. The reason why the vibration generated on the vibrator side due to the movement of the contact point is converted into rotational force on the rotor side will be described below. That is, when the circumferential length of the inner circumferential surface 14a of the rotor 14 and the circumferential length of the outer circumferential surface 13b of the vibrator 13 inscribed therein are compared, it is clear from the diagram that the former circumferential length is better. 1 as shown in Figure 7.
．． As the contact points between the two rotate in sequence, when the contact points complete one rotation, the rotor 14 side shifts by the difference in circumferential length, Vc, which is taken out as rotation.

Furthermore, the direction of rotation of the rotor can be changed by reversing the phase of the high frequency voltage applied to electrodes a, bi or C, d.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention (a) - thin sectional view;
(This is a conceptual diagram of a cross section taken along the line B'IA-A. In this embodiment, a ring-shaped bending vibrator 33 supported by a support member 32 is disposed inside a casing body 31, and a taper 333 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped bending vibrator 33. are arranged so that the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 34 comes into contact with the rotor 34.

The rotor 34 is connected to the rotating shaft 35 by a pair 1. A pressure regulating mechanism 3 which is supported movably in the axial direction and has a configuration similar to that shown in FIG.
6 is provided to transmit rotational force to the rotating shaft 35. 37 indicates an electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element, and 38 indicates a bearing. In FIG. 8(B) (the cross section of the casing body 31 is omitted in the figure), the ring-shaped bending vibrator 33 is made of an elastic body, and an electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element 3 is fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the ring-shaped bending vibrator 33.
7Fi electrodes a, b, c, d, e, f, g are polarized to expand and contract in the direction of the arrows.

Provide h. Furthermore, connect electrodes a, b, c, and d to terminal 3.
Similarly, electrodes e, f, g, and h are led to terminal 40 through connections 1 to 9. A high frequency voltage 12 is applied between the terminal 39 and the vibrator 33, and a high frequency voltage 90 is applied between the terminal 40 and the vibrator 33.
When a high frequency voltage with a phase shift is applied, the vibrator 33 generates bimorph bending vibration. At this time, the bending frequency f is where: E: Young's modulus ♂: Boisson's ratio a: radius of the center circle h: thickness of the peripheral wall n: order of bending vibration f: density of the material The above example is n
In the case of = 2, the contact state of the rotor 34 inscribed in the vibrator 33 is resolved every 1/4 period according to FIG.
(A3 (B) (C) (D).

The point where the two contact each other is the peak of the wave, and the peak travels half a circle on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 34 per cycle of vibration, and the vibration generated on the vibrator 33 side by the movement of the contact point The fact that the rotational force is transmitted as the rotational force on the 34 side is as explained using the example shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partial view and (b) is a diagram of the electrode arrangement of the piezoelectric body. According to this embodiment, the piezoelectric body 52 is excited by applying high frequency voltages of two circuits having a phase shift of 90 degrees to each electrode a and b.

The elastic ring 51 generates bimorph vibrations, and a surface wave composed of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave is formed on one end surface 51 of the elastic ring 51, and a rotor 53 that is in pressure contact with the one end surface is driven to rotate. FIG. 10(b) shows the polarization direction of the piezoelectric body and the electrode arrangement. The electrode pitch is 1/2 of the wavelength of the surface wave, and the polarization direction of the T7 piezoelectric body is O of e as shown in the figure (b). (The positions of electrode groups A and B are shifted by 1/4 wavelength [7]) Each electrode is connected to form two circuits of terminals a and b. With the above configuration, when high frequency voltages with a phase shift of 90° are applied to terminals a and b, a traveling wave is formed on the surface of the elastic body.

FIG. 11 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example of a linear motor that converts ultrasonic vibration into linear motion. In the figure, one or more elastic bodies 62.62 are brought into pressure contact with the surface of a plate-like member 61, and a piezoelectric body 63.63 is provided on a part of the surface of the elastic body 62. generates surface waves (Rayleigh waves).

By forming the corner portion 62a of the elastic body 62 into a curved surface shape, the surface wave propagates along the surface of the elastic body 62, and drives the plate member 61 to move in the direction of arrow W.

FIG. 12 shows the unidirectional surface wave generation method used in the above embodiment, in which a plurality of electrodes 92.9 are formed on the surface of a piezoelectric body 91.
2... are arranged, and as shown in the figure, they are divided into three circuits and connected to the phase shifter 93.

The phase shifter 93 provides 0° and 120024 degrees to each circuit.
A unidirectional surface wave can be generated in the piezoelectric body 91 by applying high frequency voltages with a phase shift of 120 degrees, such as 0 degrees.

In FIG. 13, a plate-like member 72 is brought into pressure contact with the surface of a rod-like elastic body 71, and a plurality of piezoelectric bodies 7 are placed on another part of the rod-like elastic body 71.
This is an example of a linear motor having an endless structure in which the rods 3 are fixedly arranged, and the rod-shaped elastic body is bent into a curved shape. With the above configuration, the rod-shaped elastic body causes bending vibration, and the wave propagates along the rod-shaped elastic body 71 and becomes a traveling wave that circulates on the ring.

In FIG. 14(A), two rod-shaped elastic bodies 76 and 77 are fixed 12 by connectors 78 and 79, a plate member 80 is brought into pressure contact with the surface of one of the rod-shaped elastic bodies 76, and the other rod-shaped elastic body This is an example of a near motor in which a plurality of piezoelectric bodies 81 are fixedly arranged on a part of the body 77. With the above configuration, the rod-shaped elastic body 7
7 causes bending vibration by the piezoelectric body 81, and the traveling wave is converted into longitudinal vibration of the coupler 78 at the end of the rod-shaped elastic body 77. The longitudinal vibration is converted into the bending vibration of the rod-shaped elastic body 76, and the traveling wave is converted into a bending vibration of the rod-shaped elastic body 76. and propagates on the rod-shaped elastic body 76. This traveling wave passes through the connector 79 and returns.

In FIG. 14(B), two rod-shaped elastic bodies 76 and 77 are fixed 12 by resonators 82 and 83, a plate member 80 is brought into pressure contact with the surface of one of the rod-shaped elastic bodies 76, and the other rod-shaped elastic body Fixed arrangement of a plurality of piezoelectric bodies 81 on a part of 77 1. This is an example of a near motor. With the above configuration, the rod-shaped elastic body 7
7 causes bending vibration by the piezoelectric body 81, and the traveling wave is converted into longitudinal vibration of the resonator 82 at the end of the rod-shaped elastic body 77, and the longitudinal vibration is converted into the bending vibration of the rod-shaped elastic body 76, and the traveling wave is and propagates on the rod-shaped elastic body 76. This traveling wave passes through the resonator 83 and returns.

Here, we will discuss the functional differences between a coupler and a resonator. A coupler is a member that converts the bending vibration of a rod-shaped elastic body into longitudinal vibration, or vice versa, and is subject to restrictions on the material and dimensions of the coupler due to the problem of acoustic impedance matching.

However, since the shape is simple, it is easy to reduce the size and cost. Furthermore, a resonator has the same vibration conversion as the coupler described above, but the acoustic impedance matching can be selected relatively freely and the vibration energy transmission ability is large. However, the shape is complicated and the price is high because it is necessary to match the natural frequency to the perturbation of the vibration source.

FIG. 15 shows vibrators 87 and 88 at both ends of a rod-shaped elastic body 86.
This is an example of an IJ near motor in which a plate-like member 89 is brought into pressure contact with the surface of a rod-like elastic body. With the above configuration, the rod-shaped elastic body 86 causes bending vibration by the vibrator 87, and the traveling wave is converted into vibration energy by the vibrator 88.
Lugy is absorbed. This vibrational energy is converted into electrical energy and recovered or fed back to the vibrator 87.

FIG. 16 shows two circuits (
The piezoelectric body 87 having the electrodes A and B) is fixed, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric body is set in pairs with the elastic body 96 every 1/4 wavelength (arrow M perpendicular to the plane of the paper).

Arrange so that M... When high-frequency voltages with a phase shift of 90 degrees are applied to electrodes A and B, the rod-shaped elastic body causes bimorph vibration and forms a traveling wave in a fixed direction.

17 and 19 show that the electrodes A' and B' of the piezoelectric bodies 97a and 97b are arranged at different positions, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric bodies is set at 1/2 wavelength intervals by the arrow M in the direction of the elastic body. ,M
', and the positional relationship between the piezoelectric bodies 97a and 97b is set to an interval of 1/4 wavelength (n: integer).

FIG. 18 shows a case where vibrators 98 and 99 are fixedly arranged on a part of a rod-shaped (plate-shaped) elastic body 96 via two connectors 100 and 101. When a high frequency voltage with a phase shift of 90' is applied to each oscillator with the spacing between the couplers set to 1/4 wavelength and 10 wavelengths (n: integer), 96 rod-shaped elastic bodies cause bending vibration and form traveling waves in a fixed direction. do.

Although this embodiment is mainly described using a piezoelectric element, it is possible to replace this with an electrostrictive element or a magnetostrictive element.

Utilizing the ultrasound imaging according to the present invention 1. We have given a detailed explanation of the driving principles and examples of the motor device, but unlike various conventional motor devices, by incorporating an electrostrictive element and a magnetostrictive element across a piezoelectric element in an elastic body, the surface This is an innovative technology that uses the traveling waves excited by the ultrasonic wave to generate traveling waves accompanied by internal vibration using the powerful vibration energy of ultrasonic waves, which can be converted into rotational or linear motion of moving objects. It has the great effect of being able to obtain a small and lightweight motor device with strong rotational force and driving force, and it has the great effect of being able to be applied to all kinds of applications. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged perspective view for explaining the operating principle of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side view of the vibrator, and FIG. The figures are a conceptual diagram of the section taken along the line A-A in Figure 3, Figure 5 is a side view showing an example of the Fi pressure regulating mechanism, Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the bent state of the vibrator, and Figure 7 is the vibrator and FIG. 8 is an exploded view showing the contact state of the rotor; FIG. 8 is a partially sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention; (B) a conceptual diagram of a cross section taken along line A-A; FIG. 9 is a vibrator. FIG. 10 is an exploded view showing the contact state of the rotor and the rotor, and FIG. 10 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partial sectional view, and (b) is an electrode arrangement diagram of the piezoelectric body. , FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 12 is a mode diagram showing a unidirectional surface wave generation method using the pressure of the above embodiment, and FIG. 13 is an example of an endless structure linear motor. , Fig. 14 (a) shows a linear motor with an endless structure using a coupler, Fig. 14 (b) shows an example of a linear motor with an endless structure using a resonator, and Fig. 15 shows a linear motor with one linear elastic body and two Figures 16, 17, and 19 are diagrams showing the arrangement of electrodes that form traveling waves in a rod-shaped elastic body using a piezoelectric body. FIG. 4 is a layout diagram for forming traveling waves in a rod-shaped elastic body. 1... Elastic body 2... Moving body 11, 31...
Casing body 12.32--Support member 13
．． 33... Vibrator 13a, 33a... Taper 14.34... Rotor 15.35... Rotating shaft 16.36... Pressure regulating mechanism 17... Bearing 18.19... Electric Strain element or piezoelectric element 20
... Electrode 23.24 ... Cam 25 ... Steel ball
37... Electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element 38... Bearing
41... Plate member 42... Elastic body 43...
Piezoelectric body 44...Electrode 45...Phase shifter procedural amendment (voluntary) September 17, 1980 To the Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office 1, Indication of case: Japanese Patent Application No. 57-228569 2, Title of invention: Ultrasonic Motor device using vibration 3, relationship with the amended case Patent applicant 4, subject of amendment (1) Claims column in the specification (2) Detailed description of the invention column in the specification ( 3) Column 5 for a brief explanation of the drawings in the specification, Inclusion of amendments (1) As per the attached sheet (2) As per the attached sheet (3) As shown in the attached sheet, 'jif] h 1, Name of the invention Utilizing ultrasonic vibration 1 Claims (1): An ultrasonic vibrator constructed by combining a plurality of electrostrictive cables, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements and incorporating them into an elastic body, and one end surface of the elastic body. , and one end surface of a moving body moving in a certain direction are placed in pressure contact with each other, so that a combined surface wave of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of this elastic body is transmitted to one end of this moving body. A motor device that utilizes ultrasonic vibration and is characterized by converting it into directional motion. (2) A patent characterized in that a combination of multiple electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements is used to generate surface waves, which are a combination of transverse waves and longitudinal waves, called Rayleigh waves, on the surface of an elastic body. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (1). (3) By combining multiple electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements, a bending vibration is caused in a rod-shaped elastic body, and a combined surface wave of transverse waves and longitudinal waves is used on the surface of the rod-shaped elastic body. Utilizing ultrasonic vibrations according to claim (1), characterized in that: 1. motor device. (4) Combining multiple electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive cables to generate longitudinal elastic waves in a rod-shaped elastic body, and create a surface where transverse waves and longitudinal waves are combined by Poisson's ratio on the surface of the rod-shaped elastic body. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (1), characterized in that the motor device uses waves. (5) An ultrasonic vibrator is constructed by incorporating two or more circuits of an electrostrictive element, a piezoelectric element, and a magnetostrictive element in a cylindrical or cylindrical elastic body, and is pressurized with one end surface of the ultrasonic vibrator. A patent characterized in that by configuring the moving body to be brought into contact as a cylindrical rotor, a combined surface wave of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of an ultrasonic transducer is converted into a unidirectional rotational motion of the moving body. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (1). (6) One end of the inner circumferential surface of the rotor is brought into pressure contact with the rotor through a taper provided on the outer circumferential surface of the approximately central part of the cylindrical bending vibrator partitioned by the support member, and this rotor is pressed against the rotating shaft. Claim (1) or (1) is characterized in that it is supported movably in the axial direction and that rotational force is transmitted to the rotating shaft through a pressure regulating mechanism.
17. A motor device using the ultrasonic vibration described in item 5). (Claim (1) of the claim, characterized in that an electrostrictive element, a piezoelectric element, or a magnetostrictive element that expands and contracts in the axial direction with electrodes sandwiched between them is incorporated in the middle part of the force vibrator.) (5) If not, use the ultrasonic vibration described in (6).
~da motor device. (8) A patent claim characterized in that an automatic pressure regulating mechanism is provided between the rotating shaft and the rotor, which consists of a pair of cams with V-shaped bottoms and a plurality of @4 balls interposed between them. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in item (5) or item (6). (9) A bending transducer with a taper on the open end side, a rotor that touches a part of the taper and wraps around the opposite part of the open end, and two or more electrostrictive sensors on the open end side of the bending transducer. A bending vibrator provided with a piezoelectric element, a piezoelectric element, or a magnetostrictive element; (10) Expanding and contracting an electrostrictive element, piezoelectric element, or magnetostrictive element in the axial direction.1. A motor device a0 using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (5), characterized in that the electrodes are arranged so as to obtain Claim 1, characterized in that electrodes located diagonally opposite each other are connected and led to respective terminals, and constant strain elements or piezoelectric elements located diagonally are arranged so as to expand and contract in opposite directions. 5) A motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in item 5). Oa The central part of the vibrator maintains a contact state with the circumscribed inner peripheral surface of the rotor (
5) A motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in item 5). (113) A tapered ring-shaped bending vibrator is disposed on the inner surface supported by a support member, and the inner circumferential surface of the rotor is in contact with the rotating shaft so as to be movable in the axial direction. The patent claim is characterized in that the ring-shaped vibrator is supported and installed, and on the other hand, a K% strain element-shaped piezoelectric element is arranged outside the ring-shaped vibrator, and a mechanism is provided on the rotating shaft. A motor device that utilizes the range No. (Ij'fTJ dimensions or ultra-low resistance described in item (3)). A motor device M using ultrasonic imaging according to claim (T3), characterized in that the element or piezoelectric element is fixedly arranged. (15) The ultrasonic vibrator is constructed by incorporating two or more circuits of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements in a ring-shaped elastic body, and the ring-shaped elastic body has a disposed surface 1, one end surface of the rotor, and one end surface of the rotor. One end surface of this elastic body is configured to come into pressure contact with each other, and a combined surface wave of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of the elastic body is converted into a unidirectional rotational motion of the rotor. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (1) or (3). (I5) A rotor, a ring-shaped elastic vibrator, a constant strain element, or a piezoelectric element is formed in a close and integral manner so that the member penetrates around the rotating shaft, and the mill end side of the rotating shaft is 17. A motor device utilizing ultrasonic vibration according to claim 17, characterized in that the other end is a bearing, the other end is passed through a pressure regulating mechanism, the bearing is passed through, and the whole is covered with a casing. 0'7) In a motor in which a rotor, a vibrator, and an electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element are configured concentrically from a rotating shaft, the electrodes of these electrostrictive elements and piezoelectric elements are divided into several corners, and the electrodes are placed at one corner. Every second connection 1. Terminals of 1 to 1 are connected to other electrodes, and the electrostrictive element of - is connected! : A motor device d using ultrasonic imaging according to claim 5), characterized in that a group of E-electronic elements is arranged with a phase shift of 900 degrees from other elements. Day 0 Claim No. 4, characterized in that it uses a pressure regulating mechanism that is located between the rotating shaft and the rotor and is composed of a combination of a cam and a plurality of steel balls. Motor device. A moving body consists of a plate-like member that moves in a fixed direction. Two or more elastic bodies are applied to the surface of a single or plural elastic bodies that come into pressure contact with the plate-like member.
By fixedly arranging the piezoelectric water element, magnetostrictive element, or electrostrictive element above the circuit, and shifting the phase of the high frequency voltage applied to each circuit, a bullet (〈〈transverse wave and longitudinal wave on the body surface) form a combined surface wave 1. Move the lever plate-like member straight in a certain direction 1
7. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration tMJ according to claim (1). (E) A plate-like member is pressed into contact with the surface of a rod-like elastic body, and a single or plural electrostrictive element, piezoelectric element, or magnetostrictive element is fixedly arranged in other parts l-1 Each circuit By shifting the phase of the high-frequency voltage applied to the rod-shaped elastic body, the surface wave, which is a combination of transverse and longitudinal waves excited on the surface of the rod-shaped elastic body, is converted into a unidirectional rotational motion of the moving object. A 1° motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in claim (1).B) The end portions of a rod-shaped elastic body are wound and brought into contact with each other to form an endless structure. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in paragraph (e). (a) A plate-shaped member is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the elastic body labeled -, and a plurality of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, and magnetostrictive elements are fixedly arranged on the surface of the other elastic bodies.Lfc Two rod-shaped elastic bodies are connected to the connector. Claim (1) characterized in that the fixed 12, each of which is a circuit, converts a combined surface wave of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of an elastic body into a unidirectional motion of a moving body. A motor device using ultrasonic imaging according to item (3) or item (3). (g) A plate-like member is pressed into contact with the surface of the elastic body j~, and a plurality of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements are fixedly arranged on the surface of the other elastic body, and one or two rod-shaped elastic bodies are fixed. is fixed by a resonator, each of which is a circuit, and a combined surface wave of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of an elastic body is converted into a unidirectional rotational motion of a moving object. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to item (1) and item (3). 2) A plate member and an electrostrictive element, a piezoelectric element, or a magnetostrictive element are combined into one
A motor device utilizing ultrasonic vibrations as set forth in claim (1), stripe (3), or (4), characterized in that the motor device is arranged on a wooden rod-shaped elastic body. . (a) A plurality of electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements are fixedly arranged on one end surface of the rod-shaped elastic body at every seven wavelengths, and seven wavelengths are connected to each terminal to form two circuits. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (e), characterized in that a surface wave is formed by bending vibration. - When A plurality of electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements polarized at every end wavelength are fixedly arranged on one end surface of a rod-shaped elastic body at intervals of 10 wavelengths + 1 wavelength. 1-1 Surface waves are formed in the rod-shaped elastic body by bending vibration. A motor device utilizing ultrasonic vibration according to claim (g), characterized in that: Claims characterized in that vibrators made of strain elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements are each fixedly arranged at intervals of 1 to 2, and surface waves are formed by bending vibration in a rod-shaped elastic body. A motor device using ultrasonic vibrations as described in item (a). (e) A plurality of electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements are fixedly arranged on the surface of an annular elastic body, and the vibrations are converted into surface waves. The ultrasonic wave according to claim 11 is characterized by converting a 7V surface wave, which is a composite of transverse waves and longitudinal waves excited on the surface of an elastic body, into a unidirectional rotational motion of a !1 dI body. A motor device that utilizes vibrations. 3. Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention converts surface waves excited on the surface of an ultrasonic vibrator into unidirectional motion of moving objects placed in pressure contact with each other. In other words, the present invention relates to an ultrasonic vibrator formed by combining a plurality of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements and incorporating them into an elastic body; By arranging one end surface and the other end surface of a moving body moving in a certain direction in a position where they are in pressurized contact with each other, surface waves formed by the combination of transverse waves and longitudinal waves excited on the surface of this elastic body can be generated. This relates to a motor device WK that converts a moving body into unidirectional motion.Most of the various motor devices that have been widely used in the past have applied electromagnetic force as their drive source, and are used for various purposes. 17 However, the size of these fds, electric resistance welding, torsion, etc. are subject to certain limitations depending on the materials used.This is because these factors depend on the magnetic properties of the materials used. This is because devices exceeding these characteristics cannot be driven in rotation.The present invention converts the powerful vibrational energy of ultrasonic waves into rotational or linear motion. Achieving a small and lightweight motor device by 1-1 Specifically, by creating a surface wave excited on the surface of an ultrasonic vibrator that has an electrostrictive element, a piezoelectric element, or a magnetostrictive element built into an elastic body. The purpose is to provide a motor device for use (7). DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the operating principle and embodiments of the motor device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. <1> Principle of operation FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged perspective view for explaining the principle of operation. Reference numeral 1 designates an elastic body such as a metal, and the state in which a surface wave, which is a combination of transverse vibration and vertical vibration, is formed on its surface 1a is shown in an enlarged manner. This surface wave is generally called a Nishi-Ilie wave, and it was elucidated in the theoretical C that there exists a wave that propagates along the surface of an elastic body. There are elastic waves VCFi in solids, longitudinal waves and transverse waves, which exist independently, but due to the boundary condition of the surface, they intertwine and are synthesized. To generate Rayleigh waves, if a vibrator that vibrates vertically or horizontally is placed on a substrate medium to excite the surface of an elastic body, the surface wave component can be observed at a considerable distance from the vibration source. The second type is a surface wave caused by the bending vibration of a rod-shaped (plate-shaped) elastic body. On the surface of the elastic body, a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave are out of phase by 900, and thin circular vibrations are formed. propagates along. Thirdly, longitudinal waves propagate along a rod-shaped (plate-shaped) elastic body, and transverse waves due to Poisson's ratio appear on the surface of the elastic body.In this case, longitudinal waves and transverse waves also appear on the surface of the elastic body. 90
° Forms thin circular imaging with phase shift. This FIG. 1 shows only the propagation state of Rayleigh waves (the vibration source is not shown). In other words, if we look at the layer at mass point B, horizontally 4
The composite beam width a (vertical direction) and vertical vibration width b (horizontal direction) is moving in the direction of arrow M on the column Q, and its surface wave moves at the speed of sound U. I'm here. This movement is the same at any point on the surface of the elastic body 1a, and under this condition, when the surface of the free moving body 2 is pressed into contact with the surface of the elastic body 1, this moving body 2 moves to the elastic body. They are in contact only at the apexes A and A' of the surface waves of No. 1, and this apex A
, A' is a motion 1. Therefore, the free moving body 2 is driven in the direction of the arrow N by the frictional force with the elastic body 1. The present invention relates to a motor device that basically drives a moving object using surface waves, and embodiments thereof will be described below. <2> Regarding the embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the device, and 11 is a casing body, inside which the node portion of the cylindrical bending vibrator 13 is supported.] 2, and a taper 138 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the approximately central portion of the vibrator 13.
33 so that one end of the inner circumferential surface of the rotor 14 as a moving body is in pressurized contact with the surface of the rotor 14. The rotor 14 is a rotating shaft 15
The rotational force is transmitted to the rotating shaft 15 via the pressure regulating mechanism 16. An example of the pressure regulating mechanism 16 will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 5. 17 indicates a bearing 1. I'm here. The vibrator 13 has a constant strain element or a piezoelectric element 1 in the middle part.
8.19 built-in configuration 1. , and serves as an excitation source for surface waves. <3> About the Vibrator FIG. 3 shows a plane view of this vibrator 13, and FIG. 4 shows a cross section taken along line A and -A in FIG. 3rd (Fig.
^Te゛(M, strain element "4 or piezoelectric element 18, 1.9 is configured to expand and contract in the axial direction as shown by the arrow, and during that time ((
The arrangement of the electrodes and the electrostrictive element is as shown in Figure 4. Connect the diagonal electrodes a and b to the 1.τ terminal 21. Similarly, the electrodes c and d are connected to the terminal 22.The electrostrictive cables or piezoelectric elements at each diagonal position 1a are
c It moves to expand and contract. That is, the electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element 18, 19 in contact with the electric ridge a extends in the direction of extension of the electrode bi.
The electrostrictive cords or piezoelectric elements 18, 19 which are in contact with each other are polarized so as to operate in the direction of contraction. Further, the electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element 18,19 in contact with the electrode d is polarized so as to operate in the direction of extension, and the electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element 18,19 in contact with the electrode C is polarized so as to operate in the direction of contraction. <4> Regarding the pressure regulating mechanism FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of the pressure regulating slide 16. The figure shows an example of an automatic pressure regulating mechanism L7, in which a special cam 23, 24 with a V-formation between the rotating shaft 15 and the rotor 14 is used.
By providing a pair of copper balls 25 and a number of copper balls 25 intervening between them, the steel ball is located at the bottom of the cam under no load, but as a load is applied and torque is gradually applied, the copper ball becomes grooved. The function is to lift up the shrine and generate pressure in the j direction. As a result, the torque of the rotor 1.1 is changed to the rotating shaft 15i.
Transfer to l111. With this configuration, when a high frequency voltage is applied between the child 21 and the vibrator 13, the vibrator 13 is In other words, in the following vibration state, point B in the center becomes the antinode of the image, and point 2 becomes the vibration node. Between the terminal 22 and the camera element 13, there is a voltage of 90% for the voltage of these poles a and b.
When a high-frequency voltage with a phase shift is applied, a vibration Z (perpendicular to the plane of the paper) that is vertically out of phase with the vibration at point B is induced, so to speak, the longitudinal wave and transverse wave are artificially synthesized. The surface wave becomes a rotating circle image. <5> Regarding the contact state of the camera element and rotor, see Figure 7.
') The state of contact between the central outer circumferential surface 13b of the vibrator 13, that is, the antinode part of the vibration, and the inner circumferential surface 14a of the rotor 14 that circumscribes it is broken down for each cycle.1. Te(N)(B)(C)
(D) Shown. That is, the inner circumferential surface 14a of the rotor 14 is in contact with the peak of the wave on the vibrator 13 side, and the contact point moves sequentially and goes around the inner circumferential surface 14.2 of the rotor 14 in each period. . The mass point association at the apex is proportional to the amplitude of vibration, and ranges from 0 to
It is about several m/sec. The reason why vibrations generated on the vibrator side due to the movement of this contact point are converted into rotational force on the rotor side will be described below. That is, when comparing the length of the inner circumferential surface 14a of the rotor 14 with the circumferential length of the central outer circumferential surface 13b of the vibrator 13 inscribed therein, it is obvious that the circumference of the inner circumferential surface 14a is The length is longer, so as shown in FIG. 7, the contact points of both move sequentially, and when the contact points go around once, the rotor 14 side shifts by the difference in the circumferential length between the two. It is rotated and taken out. Of course, the direction of rotation of the rotor can be switched by reversing the phase of the high frequency voltages applied to the electrodes a, b, and c, d. <6> Regarding the ring-shaped bending vibrator - Figure 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention (A) - Thin sectional view, 1 mouth) A -
It is a conceptual diagram of the A imaginary cross section. According to this embodiment, a ring-shaped bending sensor 33 supported by a support member 32 is disposed inside the caning main body 31, and a taper 33 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the ring-shaped bending sensor 33.
3 are provided and arranged so that the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 34 is in contact with the rotor 34. The rotor 34 is supported to be movable in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft 35, and is provided with a pressure regulating mechanism 36 similar to the configuration shown in FIG. 5 to transmit rotational force to the rotating shaft 35. 37 represents an electrostrictive element or a piezoelectric element; 7 and 38 represent bearing spills; 8th
The ring-shaped bending vibrator 33 is made of an elastic body, and an electrostrictive element (a) fixedly disposed on its outer periphery (the cross section of the sing body 31 is omitted in the same figure). Alternatively, the piezoelectric elements 37 are polarized so as to expand and contract in the directions of the arrows, respectively, to provide 'fertile poles a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h. Furthermore, the electrodes a, h, c, and d are connected. Similarly, connect Kan Me and ft gl h to terminal 40.
lead to. A high frequency voltage is applied between the terminal 39 and the vibrator 33 (7, and a 90° voltage is applied between the terminal 40 and the vibrator 33).
When a phase-shifted high-frequency pressure is applied, the vibrator 33 generates bimorph-shaped bending motion. At this time, the bending frequency f1 is: E: Young's modulus l: Boarnon ratio a:
Radius of central circle h: Thickness of peripheral wall n: Order of bending vibration F = Density of material In this example, n = 2, and as shown in FIG. 9, the rotor 3 inscribed in the vibrator 33
(A) (BMCMD)
) Vc was shown. The point where these two contact each other is the apex of the wave, and the apex makes half a revolution on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 34 for each period of vibration, and the movement of these contact points causes the vibration of the vibrator 3
Occurrence on 3 side 1. It is shown in FIG. This is explained using an example. <7> About excitation of piezoelectric material by high frequency magnetic pressure Part 10
The figures show other embodiments of the present invention, (a) - thin sectional view;
(b) is a polar arrangement diagram of a piezoelectric material. According to this embodiment, the piezoelectric body 52 is excited by applying high frequency voltages of two circuits having a phase shift of 90° to each electrode a and b. Elastic ring 51 generates bimorph vibration 1-1
A surface wave that is a combination of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave is formed on one end surface 51, and the rotor 53, which is in pressure contact with the one end surface, receives the rotating part iMJ. and electrode arrangement. The electrode pitch is set according to the wavelength of the surface wave, and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric body is determined as shown in the figure (b).■e■e...
shall be. (The positions of electrode groups A and B are shifted by the same wavelength.) Each electrode is connected to form two circuits of terminals a and b. When high frequency voltages with a phase difference of 90 degrees are applied to terminals a and b, the elastic body surface A surface wave is formed on top. <8) About the linear motor that converts into linear motion FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example of a linear motor that converts ultrasonic vibration into linear motion.
ing. In the same figure, the elastic body 62 is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the plate-like member 61 by pressing one or more elastic bodies 62 and 62, and piezoelectric bodies 63 and 63 are provided on a part of the surface of these elastic bodies 62. can generate surface waves (Rayleigh waves). By forming the corner portion 62a of the elastic body 62 into a curved shape, the surface waves drive the 11-1 plate member 61 to move in the direction of arrow W along the surface of the elastic body 62. <q> One-way surface wave generation method FIG. 12 shows the unidirectional surface wave generation method used in the embodiment shown in FIG. 92 . This phase shifter 93 provides 00, ■2o to each circuit.
c:. A unidirectional surface wave can be generated in the piezoelectric body 91 by applying high frequency voltages with a phase shift of 240°<12Q'. Embodiment Regarding a Linear Motor with a Core Ettress Structure In the 131N, a plate-like member 72 is pressed into contact with the surface of a rod-like elastic body 71, and a plurality of piezoelectric bodies 73 are attached to another part of the elastic body 71. The rod-shaped elastic body is bent into a curved shape to form an endless m1ta and 1. This is an example of a linear motor. This (becomes 1 F) rod-shaped elastic body causes bending vibration, and the wave propagates along the rod-shaped elastic body 71 [7,
It becomes a surface wave and circulates on the ring. <11> Regarding an embodiment of a linear motor with an endless structure using a connector, FIG. This is an example of a near motor in which a plurality of piezoelectric bodies 81 are fixedly arranged on a part of another rod-shaped elastic body 77 by bringing a plate member 80 into pressure contact with the plate member 80 . With this configuration, the rod-shaped elastic body 77 receives bending vibration by the piezoelectric body 81, and the surface waves are converted into longitudinal vibrations of the coupler 78 at the ends of the rod-shaped elastic body 77. is converted into a bending vibration, and thus the surface wave propagates on the rod-shaped elastic body 76. This surface wave passes through the coupler 79 and returns to the rod-shaped elastic body 77. <1Z) Regarding an embodiment of a linear motor with an endless structure using a resonator, FIG. A plate-like member 80 is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the other rod-like elastic body 7.
This is an example of a linear motor in which a plurality of piezoelectric bodies 81 are completely fixedly arranged on a part of the motor 7. With this configuration, the rod-shaped elastic body 77 causes bending vibration by the piezoelectric body 81, and the surface wave is converted into longitudinal vibration of the resonator 82 at the end of the rod-shaped elastic body 77.
The longitudinal vibration is converted into a bending vibration of the rod-shaped elastic body 76, and propagates on the rod-shaped elastic body 76 as a surface wave. This surface wave passes through the resonator 83 and returns to the rod-shaped elastic body 77. <Eng. 3> Regarding the relationship between the coupler and the resonator. Here, the functional differences between the coupler and the resonator will be described. The connector is a member that converts the bending vibration of a rod-like elastic body into longitudinal vibration or vice versa, and is subject to restrictions on the material and dimensions of the connector due to the problem of matching acoustic impedance. Only L, the shape is simple, so it is compact. It is easy to reduce the price. A twisted resonator converts vibrations in the same way as a coupler, but the acoustic impedance matching can be selected relatively freely, and the vibration energy transmission capacity is also strong. I~ (7. Due to the complex shape and the need to match the natural frequency to the frequency of the vibration source,
FIG. 15 shows an example of a linear motor that is expensive in terms of price.
This is an example of a near motor in which the plate-shaped member 89 is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the rod-shaped elastic body. With this configuration, the rod-shaped elastic body 86 causes bending vibration by the vibrator 87, and the vibration energy of the surface wave is absorbed by the vibrator 88. This vibrational energy is converted into electrical energy and recovered or fed back to the vibrator 87. <Ig> Regarding the m-plane wave generation method, FIG. 16 shows two circuits (
A piezoelectric body 87 having electrodes A and B) is fixed, and the piezoelectric body is arranged so that the polarization direction of the piezoelectric body becomes arrows M, M', etc. perpendicular to the plane of the paper with respect to the elastic body 96 at every dominant wavelength. . When high frequency voltages with a phase shift of 90° are applied to electrodes A and B, the rod-shaped elastic body 96 causes bimorph vibration and forms a surface wave in a fixed direction. 16〉About surface wave generation method Figures 17 and 19 show the pressure 1 and the bodies 973 and 97b.
Electrodes A' and B' are arranged at different positions, and the polarization directions of the piezoelectric bodies are arranged so that they are aligned with arrows M and M' with respect to the elastic body every other wavelength (positions of -1 piezoelectric bodies 97a and 97b). This is the case where the relationship is set to the interval of one wavelength + lower wavelength (n: integer).G17) Surface wave generation method FIG. 18 shows two connectors 100. This is a case where vibrators 98 and 99 are fixedly arranged via 101. The spacing between the couplers is 1 wavelength + 1 wavelength (+1: integer) and 1. When a high frequency voltage with a phase shift of 900 degrees is applied to each vibrator, the rod-shaped elastic body 96 causes a bending vibration WdJ, forming a surface wave in a fixed direction. Note that although this embodiment is mainly described using a piezoelectric element, it is possible to replace this with an electrostrictive element or a magnetostrictive element. <19> Effects of the present invention The motor df using ultrasonic vibration according to the present invention has been described above.
Regarding the VC, we have given a detailed explanation of its driving principle and examples, but unlike various conventional motor devices, by incorporating an electrostrictive element, piezoelectric element, or magnetostrictive element into an elastic body, it is possible to excite the surface. This is an innovative method that uses the powerful vibrational energy of ultrasonic waves to generate surface waves with a thin circular motion, which converts the rotational motion of a moving body into linear motion. It has the great effect of being able to obtain a small and lightweight motor device with strong rotational force and driving force (1), and can be applied to all kinds of applications. 4. Brief description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a partially enlarged perspective view for explaining the operating principle of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a partially sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a side view of the vibrator, FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a cross section taken along line A-A in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of the pressure regulating mechanism.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the bent state of the vibrator, FIG. 7 is an exploded view showing the contact state of the vibrator and rotor, and FIG. 8 is a partial view of another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an exploded view showing the state of contact between the vibrator and the rotor, and FIG. 10 is another embodiment of the present invention. (a) The figure is a partial cross-sectional view, (b) The figure is a diagram of the layout of the piezoelectric material, and Figure 11 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a mode diagram showing the unidirectional surface wave generation method used in the seven embodiments shown in Fig. 11, Fig. 13 is an example of an endless structure linear motor, and Fig. 14 (a) is a connector. A linear motor with an endless structure is shown in Fig. 14 (b). Fig. 14 (b) is an example of a linear motor with an endless structure and a linear motor with an endless structure. Fig. 15 shows a linear motor constructed with one linear elastic body and two vibrators. An example of a motor, Figures 16, 17, and 19 are electrode layout diagrams that form surface waves on a rod-shaped elastic body using a piezoelectric body, and Figure 18 shows a surface wave that is formed on a rod-shaped elastic body using an imager. 1... Elastic body 2... Moving body 11, 31...
Casing body 12.32...Supporting member 13
．． 33... Vibrator 13a, 33a... Taper 14.34... Rotor 15.35... Rotating shaft 16.36... Pressure regulating mechanism 17... Bearing 18.19... Electric Strain element or piezoelectric element 20
... Electrode 23.24 ... Cam 25 ... Steel ball
37... Electrostrictive element and piezoelectric element 38... Bearing

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) An ultrasonic transducer constructed by combining a plurality of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements and incorporating them into an elastic body; By arranging one end surface of the moving body in a position where they are in pressurized contact with each other, a traveling wave, which is a composite of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of the elastic body, can be caused to move in one direction of the moving body. A motor device that uses ultrasonic vibrations. (2) A patent that is characterized by the use of a combined traveling wave of transverse waves and longitudinal waves that can be avoided by Rayleigh waves on the surface of an elastic body by combining several electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (1). (3) By combining several electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements, a bending vibration sound is generated in a rod-shaped elastic body, and a traveling wave that is a combination of transverse waves and longitudinal waves is used on the optical surface of the rod-shaped elastic body. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (1), which has all the characteristics. (4) By combining multiple electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements, a longitudinal traveling wave is generated in the rod-shaped elastic body, and a traveling wave that is a composite of transverse waves and longitudinal waves due to Poisson's ratio is generated on the surface of the rod-shaped elastic body. Claim No. (
1) A motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in section 1). (5) The ultrasonic vibrator is constructed by incorporating two or more circuits of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive cords in a columnar or cylindrical elastic body, and is pressurized mutually with one end surface of the ultrasonic vibrator. By configuring the moving body to be brought into contact as a cylindrical rotor,
The ultrasonic vibration described in claim (1) is characterized in that a traveling wave, which is a combination of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of an ultrasonic vibrator, is converted into a unidirectional rotational motion of a moving object. Use 1~da motor device. (6) One end of the inner circumferential surface of the rotor is brought into pressurized contact with the rotation axis of the rotor r1 through a taper provided on the approximately center surface of the cylindrical bending vibrator partitioned by the support member. The ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 or claim 5, characterized in that it is supported movably in the axial direction and the rotational force is transmitted to the rotating shaft via a pressure regulating mechanism. A motor device using gold. (7) A patent that incorporates an electrostrictive element, piezoelectric element, or magnetostrictive element that expands and contracts in the axial direction with an electrode between them in the middle of the vibrator. Claim No. 1
A motor device using the ultrasonic vibration described in item (5) and item (6). Utilizing ultrasonic vibration as set forth in claim (5) or (6), characterized in that an automatic pressure regulating mechanism is provided that consists of a cam and a second steel ball interposed therebetween. (9) A bending oscillator with a full taper on the open end side, a rotor that is in contact with a part of the taper and enclosing a part opposite to the open end, and a bending oscillator with the open end 1 A bending vibrator provided with two or more electrostrictive elements, one piezoelectric element, or a magnetostrictive element, and a rotating shaft supported on a bearing through a pressure regulating device at least one end passing through each of the above-mentioned members. A motor device using ultrasonic imaging according to claim (5), characterized in that an electrostrictive element, a pressure-5 element, or a magnetostrictive element is arranged so as to be able to be expanded in the axial direction. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to claim (5).0]) In the electrodes of an electrostrictive element or piezoelectric element held in a circular shape, diagonal electrodes are connected to each other and each terminal is connected. Utilizing ultrasonic vibration according to claim (5), characterized in that the electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements that are guided to and diagonally located are arranged so as to expand and contract in opposite directions. (2) Claim No. 5 characterized in that the central portion of the vibrator maintains a state of contact with the circumscribed inner circumferential surface of the rotor.
) A motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in item 2. (2) A tapered ring-shaped bending vibrator is disposed on the inner surface supported by a support member, and the rotor is supported so that the outer circumferential surface of the rotor is in contact with the rotating shaft so that it can move in the axial direction. Claim (1) or Claim 1, characterized in that the ring-shaped vibrator has an electrostrictive element or a piezoelectric element disposed outside the ring-shaped vibrator, and a pressure regulating mechanism is provided on the rotating shaft. A motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in (3). (A motor using ultrasonic vibration according to claim 04, characterized in that a polarized electric element or piezoelectric element is fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of a ring-shaped bending vibrator made of an elastic body. Apparatus. 051 An ultrasonic vibrator is constructed by incorporating two or more circuits of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements in a ring-shaped elastic body, and includes one end surface of a rotor disposed in the ring-shaped elastic body and the elastic body. A patent claim characterized in that the one end surface is in pressurized contact with each other, and a traveling wave that is a combination of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of the elastic body is converted into a unidirectional rotational motion of a rotor. A motor device that utilizes ultrasonic vibrations as described in item (1) or item (3). A patent claim characterized in that an electrostrictive element or a piezoelectric element is sequentially and integrally configured, one end of a rotating shaft receives a bearing, the other end passes a bearing through a pressure regulating mechanism, and the entire body is covered with a housing. (A motor device using ultrasonic vibration according to item 151. θη In a motor in which a rotor, a vibrator, and an electrostrictive element or a piezoelectric element are concentrically configured from a rotating shaft, the electrostrictive element, the piezoelectric element The electrodes are divided into an even number, and one terminal is formed by connecting every other electrode, and another terminal is formed by connecting all the other electrodes, and one group of electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements is connected to the other. A motor device utilizing ultrasonic vibration as set forth in claim Q51, characterized in that the motor device is arranged with a phase shift of 90° from the cam. A motor device using supersonant vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressure regulating mechanism made of a combination of steel balls is used. 01 Moving object L1 plate-shaped moving in a fixed direction Two or more circuits of piezoelectric elements, magnetostrictive elements, or electrostrictive elements are fixedly arranged on the surface of one or more elastic bodies that are in pressurized contact with the plate-like member, and the phase of the high-frequency voltage applied to each circuit is adjusted. By shifting, a traveling wave consisting of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave is combined on the surface of the elastic body, and the plate-like member is moved straight in a fixed direction.
A motor device that fully utilizes the ultrasonic vibrations described in item 1). A plate-shaped member is brought into pressure contact with the surface of a rod-shaped elastic body, and one or more frosts, all elements,
By fixing the piezoelectric element or magnetostrictive element and shifting the phase of the high-frequency voltage applied to each circuit, a traveling wave, which is a combination of a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave excited on the surface of the rod-shaped elastic body, is rotated in one direction of the moving object. A motor device using the ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration is converted into motion. (1) All the ends of the rod-shaped elastic body are wound and brought into contact with each other to make it endless. A motor device that makes full use of ultrasonic vibrations according to claim 1. A plate member is brought into pressure contact with the surface of one elastic body, and a plurality of electrostrictive elements are placed on the surface of the other elastic body. Piezoelectric element or Ij1! Two rod-shaped elastic bodies with t-& elements fixedly arranged are fixed by a connector and each is made into a circuit,
Claim (1) or V (3) is characterized in that traveling wave sound is a composite of transverse waves and longitudinal waves excited on the surface of an elastic body, and is converted into unidirectional motion of the moving body. A motor device that uses ultrasonic vibration.翰 The surface of one elastic body is in contact with a plate-like member - zero pressure,
Several electrostrictive elements are placed on the surface of the other elastic body. Two rod-shaped elastic bodies on which a pressure 143I rope or magnetostrictive element is placed on a fixed image are fixed by a resonator, each of which is used as a circuit, and the combined traveling wave of transverse waves and longitudinal waves excited on the surface of the elastic body is generated. A motor unit that uses a moving object in one direction. (to) Claims (1) and (3), characterized in that the plate-like member, the electrostrictive cord, the piezoelectric element, or the magnetostrictive element are arranged on one rod-like elastic body. or a motor device using ultrasonic vibration as described in item (4). (c) Multiple electrostrictive elements on one end surface of the rod-shaped elastic body.
A motor equipped with an ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit forms a traveling wave due to bending vibration in a rod-like elastic body. Polarized at every other wavelength on the end face, and a plurality of electrostrictive elements or piezoelectric elements each having a polarization of -wavelength +
- The first ultrasonic vibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration device is fixedly arranged at intervals of wavelengths and forms a traveling wave by bending vibration in a rod-shaped elastic body.
The motor device used. @ A plurality of electrostrictive elements, piezoelectric elements, or magnetostrictive elements are fixedly arranged on one end surface of a rod-shaped elastic body via a coupler at intervals of 1 wavelength and 11 wavelengths, and bending vibration e is applied to the rod-shaped elastic body. A motor device using the ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2), characterized in that the ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 forms a traveling wave. A plurality of electrostrictive elements (or piezoelectric elements) are fixedly arranged on the surface of a toroidal elastic body, and the vibrations are converted into traveling waves.The transverse waves and longitudinal waves excited on the surface of the elastic rice are combined ! ! -4] A motor device using ultra-high frequency vibration according to claim (1), characterized in that the wave is converted into a unidirectional rotational motion of the entire moving body.