JPS5910336Y2 - Exhaust soot collection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention mainly relates to exhaust purification of diesel engines.

Generally, compared to a gasoline engine, the exhaust gas of a diesel engine contains more particulates such as soot called particulates, and especially when EGR is applied for the purpose of reducing NOx, the generation of soot etc. tends to be significant.

The soot in the EGR gas that is sucked into the cylinder along with this fresh air tends to adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder, which is lubricated with engine oil, and the soot that is scraped off by the piston ring is a considerable cause of the deterioration of the engine oil. It had become.

In addition, since it is not desirable to prevent air pollution if exhaust gas containing soot is discharged as it is, various exhaust gas purification devices that separate soot from exhaust gas have been considered.

For example, it has been proposed to place a mesh filter material in the exhaust flow path to capture soot, or to separate soot using a centrifugal dust collector such as a cyclone, but these methods do not process the captured soot. Because there was no means to remove the accumulated soot, the accumulated soot had to be periodically cleaned and the removed soot had to be disposed of in some way, making it unsuitable for practical use. No. 47-39862, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1983-
No. 17741, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 52-98839).

The present invention was developed in light of these circumstances, and involves passing oil through the exhaust flow path of the soot collector to capture soot in the exhaust gas, and then mixing the oil with the captured soot into the fuel. The present invention provides an exhaust soot collection device that solves the above problems.

The present invention will be described below based on illustrated embodiments.

Figure 1a is a schematic sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1b is a sectional view taken along line A--A in FIG. 1a.

In FIG. 1a, 23 is an exhaust passage (front tube) from the engine (not shown), and 31 is a soot collector (main body).

The main body 31 is partitioned into an upstream chamber 31X and a downstream chamber 31y by a partition plate 31e provided vertically.

The partition plate 31e is located slightly below the intermediate height, and has an elongated hole 31e1 formed in the horizontal direction, and its lower edge maintains a slight gap 31e2 with respect to the bottom surface of the main body 31. The upstream chamber 31

The lower half of the main body 31 is integrally formed with the oil reservoir 3.
1a, and the upstream chamber 3 of the oil reservoir part 31a
An oil inlet portion 31h is provided on the side of 1X, and an oil outlet portion 31i is provided on the side of the downstream chamber 31y.

In particular, the oil outlet portion 31i is connected to the main body 31 (oil reservoir portion 3
1a) near the bottom surface.

The oil inlet part 31h receives engine oil through a solenoid valve (not shown), and the outlet part 31i supplies oil from the oil reservoir 31a to a fuel tank (not shown) through a pump (not shown). send

The solenoid valve is controlled as follows by a level switch provided in the downstream chamber 31y.

That is, the level switch 2b is connected to the main body 31 (downstream chamber 3
A float 2b2 that can freely slide along a guide 2b1 protruding from the bottom of the float 2b2, a contact 2bs that opens and closes in conjunction with the float 2b2, and a guide 2 that prevents the float from falling off.
It consists of a stopper pin 2b4 provided at the top of the oil reservoir 31a, and when the amount of oil in the oil reservoir 31a decreases and the oil level drops below approximately the center of the elongated hole 31e1, the flow stops as the oil level drops. } 2b2 is set to open contact 2b3 by falling.

In this case, when the contact 2b3 opens, the solenoid valve is opened to replenish oil (supplied from the engine's hydraulic system or a separate oil tank, etc.), and the oil reaches a predetermined amount (through the elongated hole 31).
When reaching the level (e1), the contact 2b3 closes due to the rise of the float, switches the solenoid valve to close, and stops oil replenishment.

On the other hand, the pump is controlled by a control circuit (not shown) and operates periodically or continuously depending on the progress of engine operation to extract oil from the oil outlet portion 31i and send it into the fuel tank.

It has already been mentioned that the oil corresponding to the amount extracted at this time is separately replenished into the oil reservoir 31a.

By the way, there is an exhaust passage 2 in the space above the upstream chamber 31X.
An exhaust inlet portion 31d communicating with the downstream chamber 31y is formed with its opening facing downward, while an exhaust outlet portion 31g is formed in the upper space of the downstream chamber 31y.

A filter material 3 made of mesh material or the like is provided in the downstream chamber 31y, located between the elongated hole 31e1 and the exhaust outlet portion 31g.
1 f is interposed.

In other words, the exhaust inlet portion 31d is connected to the elongated hole 31e1 and the filter medium 3.
1f and communicates with the exhaust outlet section 31g in turn.

Based on the above-mentioned rules, engine oil flows into the oil reservoir 31a of the soot collector 31 as described above as the engine operates, and is maintained at a level near the center of the soot collector 31e.

Therefore, the exhaust gas flowing in from the exhaust port 31d is,
First, the elongated hole 31 expands above the oil level on the upstream chamber 31 X side.
It enters the downstream chamber 31y through the gap between e1 and the oil level, passes through the filter medium 31f, and exits from the exhaust outlet 31g.

At this time, the soot in the exhaust initially collides with the oil surface and adheres to the oil, and also increases the chance of contact with the oil surface when passing through the elongated hole 31e1, so that most of the soot is captured by the engine oil. .

Then, the soot that escapes further capture is captured by the filter material 31f, but the soot captured by the filter material 31f gathers together and becomes coarse. When it does not join, it falls towards the oil due to its own weight and is caught.

The oil thus entrained and soot-entrained is passed into the fuel tank in the manner described above and mixes with the fuel, during which time the soot dissolves into the oil or fuel.

The soot and oil mixed into the fuel will eventually be burned in the engine combustion chamber along with the fuel, so that the oil and trapped soot are automatically disposed of.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which an oil reservoir 31
By arranging a plurality of buffful plays}31j at appropriate intervals on a', fluctuations in the oil level during driving are suppressed and the distance between the lower edge of the partition plate 31e' and the oil level is kept constant;
This is an example of stabilizing soot collection by ensuring an exhaust flow path.

Note that 31k is a partition wall that defines the float chamber 31Z in which the level switch 2b is provided, and in this case, the oil reservoir 31 is connected to the oil reservoir 31 through a small hole 311 formed in the lower part of the partition wall 31k.
a' (or oil inlet section 31h) and oil outlet section 31
By communicating with the float chamber 31Z and allowing oil to flow through the small hole 31'l, fluctuations in the oil level in the float chamber 31Z are suppressed and the stability of the level switch 2b is ensured.

Other parts that are substantially the same as those in the apparatus shown in Figures 1a and 1) are designated by the same reference numerals and their explanations are omitted (the same applies to the following countries).

FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the exhaust passage 23 is
A passage 2 communicating with a silencer 23C via a soot collector 31
3a and a passage 23b that bypasses the soot collector 31 and reaches the silencer 23C, and the exhaust gas is routed through both passages 23a and 23C.
This is an example in which the water is selectively distributed to either one of 3b.

In this case, the switching valve 34 provided at the branch part of the exhaust passage 23
The path is switched by driving the diaphragm actuator 34 via the rod 34C.

That is, the actuator 34 consists of a diaphragm 34d connected to a rod 34C, a negative pressure chamber 34a defined by the diaphragm 34d, and a spring 34b interposed between the negative pressure chamber 34a and the diaphragm 34d. The negative pressure chamber 34a selectively communicates with either the atmosphere side A or a negative pressure source (for example, a vacuum pump) (2) via a three-way solenoid valve 35.

When negative pressure acts on the negative pressure chamber 34a, the spring 34
The diaphragm 34 d is attracted against the repulsive force of b
connects the switching valve 34e to the passage 23 via the rod 34C.
The valve is closed to the side of the passage 23b, and when no negative pressure is applied, the repulsive force of the spunong 34b causes the valve to close to the side of the passage 23b.

Note that 34 f is a spring that biases the switching valve 34 e in the valve closing direction.

Furthermore, the switching operation of the three-way solenoid valve 35 is performed by the exhaust passage 23.
When the exhaust temperature rises above a predetermined value, the exhaust temperature sensor 33 detects this and outputs a control voltage to switch the three-way solenoid valve 35, and the negative The pressure chamber 34a is set to communicate with the negative pressure source (2).

Note that 17 is an ignition switch, and 18 is a power source.

Therefore, when the exhaust gas temperature rises too much, the switching valve 34e closes in the direction of the passage 23a, bypassing the exhaust gas to the muffler 23C via the passage 23b.

By doing this, high-temperature exhaust gas is prevented from flowing to the soot collector 31, and the oil flowing inside the soot collector 31 is superheated and evaporated, increasing the HC content in the exhaust gas. can be avoided.

Finally, a fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 will be described.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an automatic oil exchange device already proposed by the applicant.

To explain this automatic oil exchange device in relation to the present invention, first, engine oil from an oil tank 3 filled with new oil is supplied to an oil pan 2 of an engine 1 via an oil feed pipe 4 and a solenoid valve 5. Ru.

The solenoid valve 5 is connected to an oil level detector 2a (
Its structure is similar to that of the level switch 2b shown in Fig. 1a), and the oil pan 2
When the amount of oil decreases below a predetermined value, the valve automatically opens and new oil is supplied until the amount reaches a certain amount.

On the other hand, a part of the old engine oil is drained from the hydraulic passage (oil gallery) of the engine 1 to the oil drain pipe 7 via the solenoid valve 8 based on the hydraulic pressure.

The opening/closing operation of the solenoid valve 8 is controlled by an odometer switch 9 (which opens and closes in conjunction with the cumulative odometer built into the car's speedometer) and a timer 10, and is operated every fixed distance, for example, 100 km. The timer 10 is reset, and the timer 10 is turned on for a predetermined period of time every time the engine is turned on to open the solenoid valve 8 and drain old oil from the engine 1.

As already mentioned, the amount of oil reduced by the amount removed is captured by new oil from the oil tank 3.

By continuing to replenish new oil and drain old oil in this way, the interior of the oil pan 2 is always filled with oil that can exhibit the specified lubrication performance. , the extracted oil is sent to the fuel tank 11 via the soot collector 31.

In this case, the extracted oil is supplied to the oil reservoir 31a of the soot collector 31, and the soot in the exhaust gas is captured by this oil. When a predetermined amount or more of oil is accumulated in the oil tank a, the level switch 2b' detects this and operates the recovery pump 32 to send the excess amount of oil to the fuel tank 11 via the feed pipe 3lb.

When the amount of oil in the oil reservoir 31a returns to a predetermined amount, oil supply is stopped.

Note that a return pipe 13 joins the feed pipe 31b midway, and feeds the excess fuel discharged from the injection pump 12 into the fuel tank 11 after mixing it with oil.

This will remove oil and soot from the fuel tank 11.
While being sent to the fuel tank 11, the fuel mixes with the fuel and easily diffuses into the fuel in the fuel tank 11.

Further, 31C is a check valve that prevents oil and fuel from flowing back into the soot collector 31.

According to this embodiment, the old oil extracted from the engine 1 is used to capture soot, so automatic oil exchange, soot collection, and treatment of collected soot and oil are streamlined and exhaust is efficiently carried out. The purpose of purification can be achieved.

As explained above, according to the present invention, oil is supplied to the oil reservoir facing the exhaust flow path of the soot collector, and the supplied oil is quantitatively extracted and the extracted oil is mixed into the fuel. Since the exhaust gas is burned in the combustion chamber together with oil containing a large amount of soot, the collected soot can be easily disposed of while purifying the exhaust gas.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1a and 1) are schematic sectional views of the first embodiment of the present invention, and sectional views taken along the line A-A. Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of the second embodiment, and Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the third embodiment. A schematic structural diagram of an example, and FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 2b (2b')... Level switch, 23... Exhaust passage (front tube), 31... Soot collector (main body), 31 a... Oil reservoir, 31 b... Feeding Pipe, 31 C... Check valve, 31 d... Exhaust inlet section, 31 e... Partition plate, 31 f... Filter material, 3
1 g...Exhaust outlet part, 31h...Oil inlet part, 31i...Oil outlet part, 31j...Baffle plate, 31k...Partition wall, 31X...Upstream chamber, 31y... ...Downstream room, 31 Z...Float room, 3
4...Diaphragm actuator, 35...Three-way solenoid valve, 17...Ignition switch, 18...
・Power supply, 1...engine, 2...oil pan, 5,
8... Solenoid valve, 9... Odometer switch, 10.
...Timer, 11...Fuel tank, 12...Injection pump, 13...Return pipe, 32...Recovery pump.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a soot collection device that is installed in the exhaust passage of an engine and discharges the introduced exhaust gas through an oil reservoir and a filter medium that is installed in the exhaust flow path downstream of the oil reservoir, oil is supplied to the oil reservoir. An exhaust soot collection device comprising a means for extracting oil from an oil reservoir and a means for mixing the extracted oil into fuel.