JPS589988B2 - Device for determining whether printed matter is correct or incorrect - Google Patents
Device for determining whether printed matter is correct or incorrectInfo
- Publication number
- JPS589988B2 JPS589988B2 JP53042139A JP4213978A JPS589988B2 JP S589988 B2 JPS589988 B2 JP S589988B2 JP 53042139 A JP53042139 A JP 53042139A JP 4213978 A JP4213978 A JP 4213978A JP S589988 B2 JPS589988 B2 JP S589988B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- printed matter
- discrimination
- correct
- discrimination level
- determined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は印刷物の正損あるいは真偽などの正否を判別す
る装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for determining whether a printed matter is good or bad, or whether it is genuine or false.
印刷物の正否を判別する方法は色々有るが、対象印刷物
の透過光や反射光、あるいは磁気含有量などの物理量を
検出し、この検出物理量とあらかじめ設定した真正な印
刷物の判断閾値とを比較して対象印刷物の正否を判別す
る方法が多く見られる。There are various methods to determine whether a printed matter is correct or not, but the method involves detecting physical quantities such as transmitted light, reflected light, or magnetic content of the target printed matter, and comparing this detected physical quantity with a preset threshold for determining whether the printed matter is genuine. There are many methods for determining whether a target printed matter is correct or not.
この様な従来例をさらに詳しく示し、その問題点を明ら
かにする。This conventional example will be explained in more detail and its problems will be clarified.
第1図は従来手法からなる印刷物の正否判別装置の構成
図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional method for determining whether a printed matter is correct or not.
本図においてBは判別の対象となる印刷物で、この特定
部分、例えばPl、P2゜P3.P4に光源からのスポ
ットなどを当て、これらの透過光あるいは反射光を光電
体(図示してない)で受光する。In this figure, B is a printed matter to be determined, and these specific parts, for example, Pl, P2, P3, . A spot from a light source is applied to P4, and the transmitted light or reflected light is received by a photoelectric body (not shown).
Dl、D2.D3は差動増幅器などのごとき比較回路で
、各比較回路の比較入力端子の一方に特定部分P1に対
応する光電体からの信号電圧e1をそれぞれ加え、他方
の入力端子には特定部分P2.P3.P4からの同様の
信号電圧e2+e31e4をそれぞれ加える様にしであ
る。Dl, D2. D3 is a comparison circuit such as a differential amplifier, and the signal voltage e1 from the photoelectric body corresponding to the specific portion P1 is applied to one of the comparison input terminals of each comparison circuit, and the signal voltage e1 from the photoelectric body corresponding to the specific portion P1 is applied to the other input terminal. P3. Similar signal voltages e2+e31e4 from P4 are applied respectively.
Sl、S2゜S3は比較回路D1.D2.D3の出力信
号を入力とする判別回路で、個々に上限判別回路S11
.S21゜S31と下限判別回路S12.S22.S3
2を備えている。Sl, S2°S3 are comparison circuits D1. D2. A discrimination circuit that receives the output signal of D3 as input, and an upper limit discrimination circuit S11 individually.
.. S21°S31 and lower limit discrimination circuit S12. S22. S3
It is equipped with 2.
Aはアンド回路で各上限、下限判別回路の出力を入力と
しこれにより識別信号を出す。A is an AND circuit which inputs the outputs of the upper and lower limit discriminating circuits and outputs an identification signal.
各判別回路動作基準は次の様にして定める。The operating criteria for each discrimination circuit is determined as follows.
対象印刷物が所定の基準印刷物であった時の各特定部分
の信号eが第2図に示すようなel<e2<e3<e4
であったとすると、比較回路Di +D2 +D3の出
力は第3図a −cに示すようにe2e1゜e3−el
、e4−elに基づくレベルを示す。When the target printed material is a predetermined reference printed material, the signal e of each specific portion is el<e2<e3<e4 as shown in FIG.
Assuming that, the output of the comparison circuit Di +D2 +D3 is e2e1゜e3-el as shown in Fig. 3a-c.
, indicates the level based on e4-el.
さらに基準印刷物が新しいか古いかなどの原因でel。Furthermore, el depends on factors such as whether the reference printed material is new or old.
e2 + e3 + e4が多少ばらつくのでこれを考
慮して判別レベルに第3図斜線で示すような幅をもたせ
る。Since e2 + e3 + e4 varies to some extent, in consideration of this, the discrimination level is provided with a width as shown by diagonal lines in FIG. 3.
すなわち各レベルの上限は上限判別回路で判別してこれ
以上では合格信号を出さない様にし、レベルの下限判別
回路で判別してこれ以下では合格信号を出さない様にし
ておかれる。That is, the upper limit of each level is determined by an upper limit discriminating circuit so that a pass signal is not issued above this level, and the lower limit discriminating circuit of each level is determined and a pass signal is not issued below this level.
この方式については特公昭41−20245号公報に詳
しく示されている。This method is described in detail in Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-20245.
以上印刷物の正否判別に関する代表的な従来例について
述べたが、この様な対象印刷物から何らかの物理量を検
出し、あらかじめ決められた判別レベルと比較して正否
を決定する装置には次の様な問題点が有る。We have described typical conventional examples of determining whether a printed matter is correct or not, but there are the following problems with devices that detect some physical quantity from the target printed matter and compare it with a predetermined discrimination level to determine the correctness. There is a point.
■ 上記従来例の説明でも記した様に検出量にばらつき
が有るため判別レベルに幅を持たせる必要があるが、こ
の判別レベルをどの様な値にすべきかは従来一般的に経
験と勘にたよってトライ・アンド・エラー的に決定して
いた。■ As mentioned in the explanation of the conventional example above, there are variations in the detected amount, so it is necessary to have a range in the discrimination level, but what value this discrimination level should be set to is conventionally generally based on experience and intuition. The decision was made by trial and error.
そのため調整に多くの時間を要し、また調整結果にもば
らつきが起り保守上の問題も太きい。Therefore, a lot of time is required for adjustment, and variations occur in the adjustment results, leading to serious maintenance problems.
■ 判別装置の判別レベル幅(第3図の斜線範囲は判別
装置の性能を決める上で極めて重要であり、判別レベル
幅が狭過ぎると真正な印刷物を排除する率(リジェクト
率)が高くなり、逆に判別レベル幅が広過ぎると真正で
ない印刷物を誤って真正と判別する率(誤判別率)が高
くなる。■ Discrimination level width of the discrimination device (the shaded area in Figure 3 is extremely important in determining the performance of the discrimination device; if the discrimination level width is too narrow, the rate of rejecting genuine printed matter (rejection rate) will increase; On the other hand, if the discrimination level width is too wide, the rate at which unauthentic printed matter is erroneously determined as genuine (misjudgment rate) increases.
原理的には判別レベル値の最適値が存在するが、従来装
置でこの最適値に判別レベルを設定することは非常に困
難である。Although in principle there is an optimum value for the discrimination level value, it is very difficult to set the discrimination level to this optimum value using conventional devices.
■ 正否判別性能を高めるために、リジェクト率を許容
範囲内におさめつつ判別レベルの幅(第3図の斜線部)
を出来る限り狭く設定する必要がある。■ In order to improve the pass/fail discrimination performance, the width of the discrimination level (shaded area in Figure 3) is improved while keeping the rejection rate within the allowable range.
must be set as narrow as possible.
他方装置の光電部分へのホコリや汚れの付着あるいは光
源や受光器の経時変化により検出物理量の変動が起るが
、この場合リジェクト率の増加及び誤判別率の増加に直
結する。On the other hand, variations in the detected physical quantity occur due to the adhesion of dust or dirt to the photoelectric part of the device or changes over time in the light source or light receiver, but in this case, this directly leads to an increase in the rejection rate and the misclassification rate.
すなわち従来の装置では高性能と高安定性とが両立しが
たく、あえて高性能性を得ようとすれば頻繁な装置の清
掃や再調整が必要になるなど、運用上支障が多くなる。In other words, with conventional equipment, it is difficult to achieve both high performance and high stability, and attempting to achieve high performance requires frequent cleaning and readjustment of the equipment, which causes many operational problems.
以上の様な従来の印刷物判別装置の問題点を解決するた
めになされたもので、操作性が良くかつ信頼性の高い印
刷物判別装置を提供することを目的とする。This invention has been made to solve the problems of the conventional printed matter discriminating devices as described above, and the object thereof is to provide a printed matter discriminating device with good operability and high reliability.
本発明によれば、印刷物の検出物理量の統計的特性を検
出する手段を具備し、判別レベルを上記統計値をもとに
自動的に設定する第一の運用モードと、装置の変動を上
記統計値から推定し判別レベルの修正を自動的に行う第
二の運用モードを持たせることにより、操作性と信頼性
の向上を図っている。According to the present invention, the first operation mode includes a means for detecting the statistical characteristics of the detected physical quantity of printed matter, and automatically sets the discrimination level based on the above-mentioned statistical value, and By providing a second operation mode that automatically corrects the discrimination level by estimating it from the value, we aim to improve operability and reliability.
以下実施例にもとづき本発明の設細について述べる。The details of the present invention will be described below based on examples.
第4図は本発明の印刷物判別装置の一実施例を示す図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the printed matter discrimination device of the present invention.
本図において1は判別対象の印刷物、2は検出装置であ
り、本実施例では印刷物上の特定部分の三色分解反射光
量(R,G、B)を検出している。In this figure, 1 is a printed matter to be discriminated, and 2 is a detection device, which detects the amount of three-color separated reflected light (R, G, B) of a specific portion on the printed matter in this embodiment.
図には示していないが、印刷物1は搬送ベルトにより次
々と搬送される検出装置2の前を通過する。Although not shown in the figure, the printed matter 1 passes in front of a detection device 2 that is successively conveyed by a conveyor belt.
この様に次々通過する印刷物で図ではi番目の印刷物を
示し、この1番目印刷物1からの検出量をxll、X2
1.X31として示す。Among the printed matter that passes one after another in this way, the figure shows the i-th printed matter, and the detected amount from this first printed matter 1 is xll,
1. Shown as X31.
3は光電スイッチで、搬送される印刷物1の陰をとらえ
て印刷物端信号T。3 is a photoelectric switch that detects the shadow of the printed material 1 being conveyed and generates a printed material edge signal T.
を出力する。4は判別対象となった印刷物の枚数カウン
ターでありカウント値Nを出力する。Output. 4 is a counter for the number of printed matter to be determined, and outputs a count value N.
5はタイミング制御回路であり、後段の種々の回路をコ
ントロールするための制御タイミング信号T1.T2.
T3を出力する。5 is a timing control circuit, which outputs control timing signals T1.5 for controlling various circuits in subsequent stages. T2.
Output T3.
6は3チヤンネルのマルチ・プレクサー、7は10ビツ
トのA/D変換器で、マルチ・プレクサー6はタイミン
グ信号T1の制御のもとに3チヤンネルの検出信号X1
8.X21.X31を時系列信号yに変換し、A/D変
換器7はタイミング信号T1の制御のもとに信号yを1
0ビツト、3ワードのディジタル信号2に変換する。6 is a 3-channel multiplexer, 7 is a 10-bit A/D converter, and the multiplexer 6 outputs the 3-channel detection signal X1 under the control of the timing signal T1.
8. X21. X31 is converted into a time series signal y, and the A/D converter 7 converts the signal y into 1 under the control of the timing signal T1.
Convert to digital signal 2 of 0 bits and 3 words.
8は演算制御装置であり、その演算制御内容の詳細は後
述するが、指定された動作モードに従って検出量の統計
値を求めさらに判別レベルの計算と判別レベル記憶装置
への設定及び判別レベル修正計算と判別レベル記憶装置
内容の変更を行う。Reference numeral 8 denotes an arithmetic control unit, whose arithmetic control details will be described later, but it calculates the statistical value of the detected amount according to the specified operation mode, calculates the discrimination level, sets it in the discrimination level storage device, and calculates the discrimination level correction. and changes the contents of the discrimination level storage device.
9は判別レベル記憶装置であり16ビント6ワードのラ
ンダム・アクセス・メモリーである。Reference numeral 9 denotes a discrimination level storage device, which is a 16-bit, 6-word random access memory.
そしてメモl)−Ml、M2・・・・・・M6の内容は
検出量X1.X2.Xsに対する上、下限判別レベルで
ある。The contents of the memo l)-Ml, M2...M6 are the detected amount X1. X2. These are the upper and lower limit discrimination levels for Xs.
10は16ビツトのD/A変換器であり、記憶装置9の
記憶内容をアナログ量に変換しそれぞれLl、Hl;L
2.H2:L3.H3を出力する。Reference numeral 10 denotes a 16-bit D/A converter, which converts the stored contents of the storage device 9 into analog quantities and converts them into Ll, Hl; L, respectively.
2. H2:L3. Output H3.
L Hはそれぞ゛れ検出量Xに対する下限判別レベル、
上限判別レベルである。L and H are the lower limit discrimination level for the detection amount X, respectively;
This is the upper limit discrimination level.
11は統計量記憶装置であり、各検出量の平均値X1
、X2 、X3を記憶する。11 is a statistics storage device, which stores the average value X1 of each detected amount.
, X2, and X3 are stored.
16ビツト3ワードのRAMである。This is a 16-bit 3-word RAM.
12は本装置の二つの動作モード(第一の動作モード及
び第二の動作モード)を指定する指定スイッチ12−1
及び演算制御装置への動作を指令するコマンド・スイッ
チ12−2を含むスイッチ機構である。12 is a designation switch 12-1 that designates two operation modes (first operation mode and second operation mode) of this device;
and a command switch 12-2 that instructs the arithmetic and control unit to operate.
それぞれのスイッチの意味については後述する。The meaning of each switch will be explained later.
13.14及び15は比較判別回路であり、検出量x3
(j=1.2.3)と上・下限判別レベルHj、Ljと
を比較し比較判別出力W・を出力する。13. 14 and 15 are comparison/discrimination circuits, and the detection amount x3
(j=1.2.3) and upper/lower limit discrimination levels Hj and Lj, and outputs a comparison discrimination output W.
L1≦X、≦Hjの時判別出力Wj=1であり他の場合
はWj=Oとなる。When L1≦X,≦Hj, the discrimination output Wj=1, and in other cases, Wj=O.
16はアンド回路であり三個の比較回路13〜15の出
力を総合して印刷物1の総合判別出力■を出力する。16 is an AND circuit which synthesizes the outputs of the three comparison circuits 13 to 15 and outputs a comprehensive discrimination output (2) of the printed matter 1.
すなわち三個の検出値がすべて下・下限レベル内である
場合に総合判別出力■=1、その他である場合V−Oと
なる。That is, when all three detected values are within the lower/lower limit level, the overall discrimination output ■=1; otherwise, it is V-O.
以下第4図の主な部分についてさらに詳しく説明する。The main parts of FIG. 4 will be explained in more detail below.
スイッチ機構12中の動作モード指定スイッチ12−1
は装置の二つの動作モード(第一の動作モード及び第二
の動作モード)を指定するスイッチであり、たとえば二
接点のロータリー・スイッチである。Operation mode designation switch 12-1 in switch mechanism 12
is a switch that specifies two operating modes (a first operating mode and a second operating mode) of the device, and is, for example, a two-contact rotary switch.
第一の動作モードでは、演算制御装置8はN枚の印刷物
の各検出量(Xj、i)の平均値(xj)、分散(σ)
、最大値(rTlaXJ)、最小値(minj)を求め
、これらの値より各検出量ごとの上・下限判別レベルH
j、Ljを決定し、判別レベル記憶装置9にHj、Lj
をセットし、統計量記憶装置11に平均値マ、をセット
する。In the first operation mode, the arithmetic and control device 8 calculates the average value (xj) and variance (σ) of each detected amount (Xj, i) of N printed matter.
, the maximum value (rTlaXJ), and the minimum value (minj), and from these values, the upper/lower limit discrimination level H for each detection amount is determined.
Hj, Lj are determined and stored in the discrimination level storage device 9.
is set, and the average value is set in the statistics storage device 11.
記憶された内容をそれぞれHOJ・L OJ y x
OJとする。The memorized contents are HOJ・L OJ y x
It will be O.J.
第二の動作モードでは演算制御装置8はN枚(実施例で
は1000枚)の印刷物の各検出量(Xji)の平均値
(xj)を求め、統計量記憶装置11内の記憶値X0j
と比較し、差がある場合には差の値に応じて判別レベル
記憶装置9の記憶内容を修正する。In the second operation mode, the arithmetic and control device 8 calculates the average value (xj) of each detected amount (Xji) of N sheets (1000 sheets in the example) of printed matter, and stores the value X0j in the statistics storage device 11
If there is a difference, the storage contents of the discrimination level storage device 9 are corrected according to the value of the difference.
この第二動作モードでは判別レベル記憶装置9の内容と
個々の印刷物の検出量とが判別回路13,14,15で
比較判別され、総合判別出力■が出力されるが、総合判
別結果が否(V=O)となった印刷物については上記の
平均値計算から除外される。In this second operation mode, the content of the discrimination level storage device 9 and the detected amount of each printed matter are compared and discriminated by the discrimination circuits 13, 14, and 15, and a comprehensive discrimination output (■) is output. Printed matter with V=O) are excluded from the above average value calculation.
スイッチ機構12中の制御コマンド・スイッチ12−2
は第一動作モード、第二動作モードでの演算制御動作の
開始を外部から指示するスイッチであり、たとえば一点
のブツシュ・スイッチである。Control command switch 12-2 in switch mechanism 12
is a switch for externally instructing the start of the arithmetic control operation in the first operation mode and the second operation mode, and is, for example, a single-point bushing switch.
このコマンド・スイッチが押されるまでの間、演算制御
装置8は印刷物検出量を収録し、データ収録が終了して
コマンド・スイッチが押されるとコマンド・スイッチか
らの信号を受けて演算制御装置8が上記の判別レベル設
定処理あるいは判別レベル修正処理を開始する。Until this command switch is pressed, the arithmetic and control unit 8 records the amount of printed matter detected, and when the data recording is completed and the command switch is pressed, the arithmetic and control unit 8 receives a signal from the command switch. The above-described discrimination level setting process or discrimination level correction process is started.
この様な判別レベル設定処理、あるいは判別レベル修正
処理の開始を外部コマンド・スイッチによらず、データ
収録枚数が予め定めた枚数N0すなわちN−Noに達し
た場合(たとえばNo−1000枚)に自動的に上記の
処理を開始する様に演算処理装置8を構成しても、効果
は同じである。The start of such discrimination level setting processing or discrimination level correction processing is automatically started when the number of recorded data reaches a predetermined number N0, that is, N-No (for example, No. 1000), without using an external command or switch. Even if the arithmetic processing unit 8 is configured to start the above processing automatically, the same effect can be obtained.
第二動作モードにおいては判別レベルLi、Hl(i=
1〜4)は判別レベル記憶装置9内にすでに設定されて
いるから、比較判別回路13,14,15及びアンド回
路16を通じて個々の印刷物について正否判別出力Vが
得られる。In the second operation mode, the discrimination levels Li, Hl (i=
1 to 4) have already been set in the discrimination level storage device 9, the correctness discrimination output V can be obtained for each printed matter through the comparison discrimination circuits 13, 14, 15 and the AND circuit 16.
次に演算制御装置8の動作について詳細に述べる。Next, the operation of the arithmetic and control unit 8 will be described in detail.
第一動作モードが指定されている場合、演算制御装置8
は順次スルーされる印刷物からの検出量)の印刷物がス
ルーされた段階で制御コマンド・スイッチ12−2から
演算開始コマンドを送ると、演算制御装置8は演算処理
を開始し、まず平均値71及び標準偏差σiを次の関係
で求める。If the first operation mode is specified, the arithmetic and control unit 8
When a calculation start command is sent from the control command switch 12-2 at the stage when the printed matter (detected amount from printed matter that is sequentially passed through) has been passed through, the arithmetic control unit 8 starts the calculation process, and first calculates the average value 71 and The standard deviation σi is determined by the following relationship.
この計算結果x1.x2.x3.σ1.σ2.σ3から
各検出量の判別レベル71,12,13及びhl、h2
゜h3を次の関係から求める。This calculation result x1. x2. x3. σ1. σ2. Discrimination levels 71, 12, 13 and hl, h2 of each detection amount from σ3
Determine ゜h3 from the following relationship.
この式のnl 、 n2 、 n3及びml、m2.m
3はあらかじめ設定した値であり、実施例ではn1=n
2=n3=m1=m2=m3=40とした。In this formula, nl, n2, n3 and ml, m2. m
3 is a preset value, and in the example, n1=n
2=n3=m1=m2=m3=40.
演算制御装置8は上記の11,12,13.hl、h2
.h3を判別レベル記憶装置9にセットし、平均値X1
.X2.X3統計量5記憶装置11にセットする。The arithmetic and control unit 8 includes the above-mentioned 11, 12, 13. hl, h2
.. h3 is set in the discrimination level storage device 9, and the average value
.. X2. X3 Statistics 5 Set in storage device 11.
それぞれの記憶装置にセットした値を説明の都合上、l
ol、lo2.lo3゜hol、ho2.ho3及びx
ol、XO2,x03の記号で表わす。For convenience of explanation, the values set in each storage device are
ol, lo2. lo3゜hol, ho2. ho3 and x
It is represented by the symbols ol, XO2, and x03.
以上が第一動作モードが指定された場合の演算11制御
装置8の動作であるが、この様な機能を持つ演算制御装
置8は公知のマイクロ・プロセッサーにより容易に実現
可能である。The above is the operation of the arithmetic unit 11 control device 8 when the first operation mode is specified, and the arithmetic control device 8 having such a function can be easily realized using a known microprocessor.
第二動作モードが指定されている場合、演算制御装置8
は順次スルーされる印刷物からの検出量しては正・否の
判別結果■が出力されているので、否と判別された場合
(V−O)にはその印刷物の検出値は上記単純和から除
外する。If the second operation mode is specified, the arithmetic and control unit 8
The detected amount from printed matter that is passed through sequentially is output as a judgment result of whether it is correct or not (V-O), so if it is judged as negative (V-O), the detected value of that printed material is calculated from the above simple sum. exclude.
M枚の印刷物(実施例てま1000枚)がスルーされ時
点で演算開始コマンドが入ると演算制御装置8は以下の
演算制御装置を開始する。When M prints (1000 sheets in the example) are passed through, when a calculation start command is input, the calculation and control unit 8 starts the following calculation and control units.
まず平均値X1を次の関係で求める。First, the average value X1 is determined using the following relationship.
サンプル数Mが1000枚程度に十分多ければ、平均値
Xiは印刷物固有の値と見られ、この平均値に変動が表
われるとすれば、検出装置の変動(標準白板の変色や汚
れなど)が原因である。If the number of samples M is large enough, around 1000 sheets, the average value Xi is considered to be a value unique to printed matter, and if fluctuations appear in this average value, it is likely due to fluctuations in the detection device (discoloration or stains on the standard white board, etc.). Responsible.
この平均値と統計量記憶装置11内に記憶されている過
去の平均値x01.x02.x03とを比較し、差が有
る場合には判別レベルを次式により新に修正する。This average value and the past average value x01 stored in the statistics storage device 11. x02. x03, and if there is a difference, the discrimination level is newly revised using the following formula.
11=lo1.(マQ=扁1)/k 、h、−hol、
(X、7x、、1:)zk4=102.(X2 Xo2
)/k 、112=)1o2.(Xz−諷z )/に1
3=llo s 、(Xs−諷s )/’k 、h3−
煽、、(Y3二丸、詠上記計算されたIJ 1 、 l
2、13 : h 1 r h 2 、 h 3を判
別レベル記憶装置9にセットし、新たにl。11=lo1. (Ma Q = B 1)/k, h, -hol,
(X, 7x,, 1:)zk4=102. (X2 Xo2
)/k, 112=)1o2. (Xz−諷z)/に1
3=llos, (Xs-s)/'k, h3-
Instigation, (Y3 two circles, the above calculated IJ 1, l
2, 13: Set h 1 r h 2 and h 3 in the discrimination level storage device 9, and newly write l.
1゜102 +103 ’ hol 1h021h03
とする。1°102 +103' hol 1h021h03
shall be.
平均値については次式により修正平均値a1、32T
33を求める。Regarding the average value, the corrected average value a1, 32T is calculated using the following formula.
Find 33.
al−マ。al-ma.
1+(マ] X。、)/ka2−Yo2+(マ2
X02)/k
a3 = ”03 、 (”3−マ03)/にそしてa
l 、 a2. a3を統計量記憶装置11にセットし
、新たにY。1+(Ma]X.,)/ka2-Yo2+(Ma2
X02)/k a3 = ”03, (”3-ma03)/and a
l, a2. Set a3 in the statistics storage device 11 and enter Y again.
1.父。2.マ。3とする。ここでkは修正のダンピン
グ・ファクターであり、実施例ではに=5とした。1. father. 2. Ma. Set it to 3. Here, k is a damping factor for correction, and in the example, it was set to =5.
一般にサンプル数Mが1000枚程度に十分大きければ
検出量の平均値はどの1000枚集団についてもほぼ同
じであるが、これとてもある程度のばらつきがあり、こ
のサンプルの平均値のばらつきによって判別レベルが急
激に修正される事を防ぐためにダンピング・ファクター
を設ける必要がある。In general, if the number of samples M is large enough, around 1000 sheets, the average value of the detected amount will be almost the same for any group of 1000 sheets, but there is a certain amount of variation, and the dispersion of the average value of these samples will cause the discrimination level to change rapidly. It is necessary to provide a damping factor to prevent this from being modified.
以上が第二動作モードにおける演算制御装置8の動作で
あるが、この動作は印刷物M枚単位(実施例では100
0枚単位)で次々と繰返し実行する。The above is the operation of the arithmetic and control unit 8 in the second operation mode.
Repeatedly execute one after another (in units of 0 sheets).
以上の様な機能を持つ装置は公知のマイクロ・プロセッ
サーにより容易に実現可能である。A device having the above functions can be easily realized using a known microprocessor.
実施例では第一動作モードにおいて検出量の平均値Y・
と標準偏差σiから判別レベル11.hlを決定したが
、検出量の最大値maXiあるいは第二最大値maxX
2j、及び最小値In + 111あるいは第二最小値
m1n21なども求め、これらの値から、l+ ””
m l n i=σi /ah i =max; 、
a i/a
として判別レベルを決めても、また両者を組合ぜて判別
レベルを決めても本発明の効果は十分に得られる。In the example, in the first operation mode, the average value of the detected amount Y
and standard deviation σi, discrimination level 11. Although hl has been determined, the maximum value maXi or the second maximum value maxX of the detected amount
2j, and the minimum value In + 111 or the second minimum value m1n21, etc., and from these values, l + ""
mlni=σi/ahi=max;
The effects of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained even if the discrimination level is determined as a i/a or by a combination of both.
以下動作例にもとすいて本発明の効果について説明する
。The effects of the present invention will be explained below using an operation example.
第4図の実施例において検出量X1に注目する時、10
00枚の真正なサンプルの検出量X1の度数分布は第5
図の曲線50で示すようになった。When paying attention to the detected amount X1 in the embodiment of FIG.
The frequency distribution of the detection amount X1 of 00 genuine samples is the 5th
The result is as shown by curve 50 in the figure.
この様な1000枚のサンプルに対して第一動作モード
において演算制御装置8で求まった平均値はx1=11
75で、また標準偏差はσ1−46である。The average value found by the arithmetic and control unit 8 in the first operation mode for such 1000 samples is x1=11
75, and the standard deviation is σ1-46.
11=x、−4σ1.hl−x1+4σ1で定まる下限
及び上限判別レベルを図の中に示したが、11とhlの
間が真正な印刷物の判別エリアであり、1000枚のサ
ンプルの検出はすべて真正領域内に入っていてまた余分
な真券エリアも無く、判別レベル111 hlが適正に
決定されている事がわかる。11=x, -4σ1. The lower and upper discrimination levels determined by hl-x1+4σ1 are shown in the figure, and the area between 11 and hl is the discrimination area for genuine printed matter, and all of the detections of the 1000 samples were within the genuine area. It can be seen that there is no extra genuine note area and the discrimination level of 111 hl has been appropriately determined.
これに対して標準サンプルの検出値Xaに対し一定のば
らつきを考慮して士△Xの幅を加味して判別レベルを決
める場合は、XaがたまたまXlに近ければ良いが、m
1nX1やrna X X ]に近い値となっている場
合、決定される判別レベルは明らかに最適とは言えない
。On the other hand, when determining the discrimination level by considering a certain variation in the detection value Xa of the standard sample and taking into account the width of ΔX, it is fine if Xa happens to be close to Xl, but m
1nX1 or rna X X ], the determined discrimination level is clearly not optimal.
第5図においてはxa=1250+△x=225の場合
を示したが、この場合には上限判別レベルが明らかに余
分なエリアを含んでいる。FIG. 5 shows the case where xa=1250+Δx=225, but in this case, the upper limit discrimination level clearly includes an extra area.
また△Xをどの程度の大きさにすべきかはまったく試行
錯誤的に決定しなけれはならない。Furthermore, the size of ΔX must be determined entirely by trial and error.
この試行錯誤には一般にかなりの時間を要する。This trial and error process generally takes a considerable amount of time.
第6図は判別レベルの修正経過を検出量X1 について
示している。FIG. 6 shows the progress of correction of the discrimination level with respect to the detection amount X1.
本図において60は上限判別レベルh。In this figure, 60 is the upper limit discrimination level h.
1の時間経過、61は統計量記憶装置11内に記憶され
た平均値■。1 is the elapsed time, and 61 is the average value stored in the statistics storage device 11.
1の時間経過、62は1000枚単位で求めた検出量の
平均値X1の時間経過、63は下限判別レベルl。1 is the elapsed time, 62 is the elapsed time of the average value X1 of the detection amount obtained in units of 1000 sheets, and 63 is the lower limit discrimination level l.
1の時間経過を表わす。1 represents the passage of time.
また本図においては時間t=0で判別レベル設定(第一
動作モード)を行い、その後第二動作モードに入って判
別レベル修正を行った結果を表しているが、実施例にお
いては1000枚の印刷物の正損・真偽判別処理に約5
分を要する。In addition, this figure shows the results of setting the discrimination level (first operation mode) at time t=0 and then entering the second operation mode to correct the discrimination level. Approximately 5 times for determining the integrity and authenticity of printed matter
It takes minutes.
したがって1000枚の印刷物の平均値検出とそれに伴
う判別レベルの修正も約5分間隔で行われる。Therefore, the detection of the average value of 1000 prints and the accompanying correction of the discrimination level are also performed at approximately 5 minute intervals.
第6図の様に平均値X1が変動する理由は装置の温度上
昇に伴う検出系の温度特性及び検出装置へのほこりの付
着などが原因である。The reason why the average value X1 fluctuates as shown in FIG. 6 is due to the temperature characteristics of the detection system as the temperature of the device increases and the adhesion of dust to the detection device.
検出量の平均にもとづいて判別レベルを修正する方式を
取らない場合、設定すべき判別レベルの範囲は色々の経
時変動要因により点線64に示す範囲となるが、これは
本来の真正領域65よりも余分な範囲を含んでおり、正
否判別に関して否なる物が正の判別領域に入る可能性が
高く、結果的に正否判別性能が低くなってしまう。If the method of correcting the discrimination level based on the average detection amount is not adopted, the range of the discrimination level that should be set will be the range shown by the dotted line 64 due to various temporal fluctuation factors, but this will be wider than the original true region 65. Since it includes an extra range, there is a high possibility that an object that is negative in terms of correct/incorrect discrimination will fall into the positive discrimination area, and as a result, the correct/incorrect discrimination performance becomes low.
また正否判別性能を高めるために6−7に示す範囲を真
正判別領域とすれば作業開始から時間経過とともにリジ
ェクト率が増大し、機械の連続使用が不可能になってし
まう。Furthermore, if the range shown in 6-7 is set as the authenticity determination area in order to improve the authenticity determination performance, the rejection rate will increase as time passes from the start of work, making continuous use of the machine impossible.
これに対して本発明からなる判別装置では各検出量(X
l)に関し、M枚(実施例では1000枚)ごとの平均
値を求め、あらかじめ記憶している平均値との間に差が
あれば判別レベルの修正を行っているため、時間1=0
で決められた最適判別レベルが保持される。On the other hand, in the discrimination device according to the present invention, each detected amount (X
Regarding l), the average value for every M sheets (1000 sheets in the example) is calculated, and if there is a difference from the average value stored in advance, the discrimination level is corrected, so time 1 = 0.
The optimal discrimination level determined by is maintained.
この場合十分枚数の多い印刷物の平均値を取る手段を持
っているため、個々の印刷物のばらつきに影響される事
がない。In this case, since there is a means for taking the average value of a sufficiently large number of printed matter, it is not affected by variations in individual printed matter.
以上詳しく述べた様に本発明によれは正否判別性能が高
く信頼性の高い印刷物の正否判別装置を達成することが
できる。As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to achieve a device for determining whether a printed matter is correct or not, which has high correctness judgment performance and high reliability.
前述の実施例では印刷物の色を検出することによって正
否判別するようにしたが、磁気量等の他の物理量を用い
てもよいことは言うまでもない。In the above-described embodiment, the correct or incorrect determination was made by detecting the color of the printed matter, but it goes without saying that other physical quantities such as magnetic quantity may also be used.
第1図は従来方式による印刷物判別装置の構成図、第2
図及び第3図は従来方式における動作説明図、第4図は
本発明の印刷物判別装置の一実施例を示す図、第5図は
本発明装置における検出データの具体例を示す図、第6
図は本発明装置における判別レベルの修正過程を説明す
るための図である。
1……印刷物、2……検出装置、3……光電スツチ、4
……枚数カウンター、5……タイミング制御回路、6…
…マルチプレクサ、7……A/D変換器、8……演算制
御装置、9……判別レベル記憶装置、10……D/A変
換器、11……統計量記憶装置、12……スイッチ機構
、13〜15……比較判別回路、16……アンド回路。Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional printed matter discrimination device;
3 and 3 are explanatory diagrams of operations in the conventional method, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the printed matter discrimination device of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a specific example of detection data in the device of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a diagram for explaining the process of correcting the discrimination level in the apparatus of the present invention. 1... Printed matter, 2... Detection device, 3... Photoelectric switch, 4
...Number of sheets counter, 5...Timing control circuit, 6...
... multiplexer, 7 ... A/D converter, 8 ... arithmetic control device, 9 ... discrimination level storage device, 10 ... D/A converter, 11 ... statistics storage device, 12 ... switch mechanism, 13 to 15... Comparison/discrimination circuit, 16... AND circuit.
Claims (1)
の量を予め記憶されている判別レベルと比較して前記印
刷物の正否を判別する装置において、この装置により「
正」と判別されるべき又は「正」と判別された複数枚の
印刷物の検出量から得られる平均値、標準偏差などの統
計値を求める手段と、この統計値に基づいて前記判別レ
ベルを決定する手段とを備えたことを特徴とする印刷物
の正否判別装置。 2 印刷物の色や含有磁気量などの物理量を検出してそ
の量を予め記憶されている判別レベルと比較して前記印
刷物の正否を判別する装置において、この装置の初期調
整を行う第一の運転モード及び通常の判別作業を行なわ
せる第二の運転モードを指定する手段を設け、第一の運
転モードが指定されたときには「正」と判別されるべき
複数枚の印刷物についての検出量の統計値を求め、この
統計値を記憶するとともにこの統計値に基づいて判別レ
ベルを決定し、第二の運転モードが指定されたときには
前記判別レベルに従って「正」と判別された複数枚の印
刷物についての検出量の統計値を求め、この統計値と前
記記憶した統計値との差異が所定値以上である場合には
既に定めている判別レベルを修正することを特徴とする
印刷物の正否判別装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. In a device that detects physical quantities such as the color and magnetic content of a printed matter and compares the quantities with a pre-stored discrimination level to determine whether the printed matter is correct or not, this device enables
Means for determining statistical values such as an average value and standard deviation obtained from the detected amounts of a plurality of printed matter that should be determined as "correct" or determined as "correct," and determining the discrimination level based on the statistical values. What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus for determining whether a printed matter is correct or not. 2. In a device that detects a physical quantity such as the color or magnetic content of a printed matter and compares the amount with a pre-stored discrimination level to determine whether the printed matter is correct or not, the first operation performs initial adjustment of the device. A means for specifying a mode and a second operation mode in which normal discrimination work is performed is provided, and when the first operation mode is specified, the statistical value of the detected amount of multiple printed matter that should be determined as "correct". is determined, this statistical value is stored, and a discrimination level is determined based on this statistical value, and when the second operation mode is specified, the detection of multiple printed materials that are discriminated as "correct" according to the discrimination level is performed. An apparatus for determining whether a printed matter is correct or not, characterized in that a statistical value of a printed matter is obtained, and when a difference between this statistical value and the stored statistical value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, a predetermined discrimination level is corrected.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP53042139A JPS589988B2 (en) | 1978-04-12 | 1978-04-12 | Device for determining whether printed matter is correct or incorrect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP53042139A JPS589988B2 (en) | 1978-04-12 | 1978-04-12 | Device for determining whether printed matter is correct or incorrect |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8199384A Division JPS606834A (en) | 1984-04-25 | 1984-04-25 | Propriety discriminating device for printed matter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS54134699A JPS54134699A (en) | 1979-10-19 |
JPS589988B2 true JPS589988B2 (en) | 1983-02-23 |
Family
ID=12627595
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP53042139A Expired JPS589988B2 (en) | 1978-04-12 | 1978-04-12 | Device for determining whether printed matter is correct or incorrect |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS589988B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60131683U (en) * | 1984-02-09 | 1985-09-03 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | helium compressor |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3217205A1 (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1983-01-05 | Laurel Bank Machine Co., Ltd., Tokyo | CIRCUIT TO DISPLAY ABNORMAL SHEET TRANSPORT IN A PAPER SHEET COUNTER |
JPS5938877A (en) * | 1982-08-30 | 1984-03-02 | Musashi Eng Kk | Paper leaf discriminating method |
JPS5952394A (en) * | 1982-09-20 | 1984-03-26 | 株式会社東芝 | Sheet paper discrimination system |
JPS59105190A (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1984-06-18 | 松下冷機株式会社 | Automatic identification sensitivity adjustor for paper identifier |
JPS59114695A (en) * | 1982-12-22 | 1984-07-02 | 松下冷機株式会社 | Automatic money detection sensitivity adjustor for electronic money detector |
JPS59196789A (en) * | 1983-04-22 | 1984-11-08 | 株式会社東芝 | Sheet dividing apparatus |
JPS61229183A (en) * | 1985-04-04 | 1986-10-13 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | Sheet paper discriminator |
JPS62205492A (en) * | 1986-03-06 | 1987-09-10 | 富士通株式会社 | Reference pattern generation for sheet paper discriminating machine |
JP4521197B2 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2010-08-11 | 日立オムロンターミナルソリューションズ株式会社 | Paper sheet transaction equipment |
JP2008015813A (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-24 | Hitachi Omron Terminal Solutions Corp | Paper sheet handling device |
-
1978
- 1978-04-12 JP JP53042139A patent/JPS589988B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60131683U (en) * | 1984-02-09 | 1985-09-03 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | helium compressor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS54134699A (en) | 1979-10-19 |
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