JPS588413A - Amphibious car - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention This invention relates to improvements in amphibious vehicles, and more particularly to improvements in propulsion systems for amphibians.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION An amphibious vehicle having a waterproof body of plastic and having at least three driven wheels on each side, one of which is driven directly by an engine. ,
Other wheels connected together, for example with chains, are known.

Also, as disclosed in French Patent No. 2,197,555, the engine, gearbox and
It is also known to be equipped with a known power plant consisting of a differential gear. This differential has two output shafts with brake discs paired with independently controlled brake shoes, allowing the amphibian to drive by varying the speed of the drive wheels on each side. be steered. Note that the direction of the drive wheels remains constant.

Propulsion of this type of amphibian on water is achieved either by rotating the driving wheels in the water, with tires equipped with clamps that act like webbed paddle wheels, or by rotating the wheels in the water. This is carried out by a separate propulsion device, for example a screw propeller, which is coupled to an engine when on the water.

The speeds obtained with drive wheels with clamps are very low, and with a separate propulsion device the connection of the water screw propeller is cumbersome and time-consuming.

OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide, in addition to the drive wheels, a propulsion device on water, by means of which propulsion and steering can be carried out simultaneously, and which can be used immediately We offer a full range of amphibious vehicles for use.

According to the invention, each shaft projecting from the differential constitutes a main drive shaft for a side wheel of the amphibian, and on the same side a propulsion device with a clutch is provided.

In this way, when the amphibian enters the water, only two hydraulic propulsion devices need to be activated; the amphibian is propelled by the wheels and the two propulsion devices;
Steering can also be controlled by activating one or both brake shoes, just as on the ground.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to all the drawings.

The hydraulic vehicle of the invention comprises a waterproof body tll', preferably made of plastic, on each side of which three wheels are mounted.

The two central drive wheels (3) each have a drive shaft (5).
The brake shoe α0 is attached to the drive shaft (5).
) is provided with a fixed brake disc (9) which can be engaged with the brake disc (9). In addition, each brake shoe-00) has a tube (
1υ is connected to the mask cylinder (+21). The mask cylinder (121) is controlled by the lever f131.

Each drive shaft (5) has two pinions (14) of the same diameter (
151 is fixed.

One pinion (14) l''i is connected by a chain (16) to a pinion 07) of the same diameter fixed to a sleeve 08) rotatably provided on the driven shaft a!J, and the sleeve 08 ) has wheels (2) attached to it.

The other pinion α is a pinion Q of the same diameter fixed to a sleeve (22) rotatably provided on the driven shaft C23).
It is connected to O by a chain Qcj. Note that a wheel (4) is attached to the sleeve T23.

When the engine (power) is activated, the gears of the gearbox (8) mesh and the two drive shafts (5) are driven at the same speed.

Thereby, each drive shaft (5) directly connects to the drive wheel (3).
and drives the two drive wheels (2) and (4) at the same speed via the pinions 0 to 07) and the pinions (15) to (21).

When the driver operates one of the levers, for example, the right lever, the right brake shoe QOI presses the corresponding brake disc (9). As a result, the rotation speed of the right IMA drive shaft (5) decreases, and the rotation speed of the left drive shaft (5) increases accordingly.

As a result, the rotational speed of the six right-hand drive wheels (2), (3) and (4) decreases, and the rotational speed of the left-hand drive wheel increases, so that the amphibian turns to the right. change.

If the two levers (13) are operated at the same time, the speed of the amphibian will be reduced.

According to the invention, each drive shaft (5) has a separate binion (
This pinion (2a) is configured to operate a pinion (26) via a chain 125+. In the embodiment, this pinion (2θ is, for example, a centrifugal pump (28) The rotating shaft (1° centrifugal pump 128 keyed at 2η) is equipped with a suction pipe (29) and a discharge pipe (to), the suction pipe (2!1 being located below the waterline at the front of the amphibian). The discharge pipe C3I is connected to the discharge orifice (321).

As shown, each orifice 02 is preferably as close as possible to the side edge of the body il+.

In addition, each binion 04) is connected to the drive shaft (5),
It is coupled to a dog clutch device of any known type for disengaging and disengaging.

When an amphibious vehicle moves underwater, when the sleeve-type dog clutch device (c) is activated, the two pinions (
24) respectively drive the pump @.

Then, water is sucked in through the orifice 0υ and discharged from the orifice, and the reaction causes the amphibian to move forward.

At the same time, wheels (2), (3) and (4) rotate in the water, resulting in a complementary propulsion effect.

When the driver operates one lever a3@:, the corresponding drive shaft (5) is decelerated, and the other drive shaft (5) is accelerated as described above.

As a result, the corresponding pump rotates faster and its flow rate increases, while the other pump rotation slows down and its flow rate decreases.

Therefore, there is a difference in the propulsive force generated by the water discharged from the left and right orifices (three hot water sources), and this difference affects the propulsive effect of the wheels, causing the amphibious vehicle on water to change direction.

In order to increase the effect of this difference in propulsive force, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, the end r30 between the two discharge pipes is
a) It is desirable that f be inclined inwardly toward each other and the direction of the propulsion force be inclined outwardly.

In this way, the length of the arm of the moment of propulsion about the center of gravity of the amphibian becomes greater than if the discharge pipe (7) were parallel to the long axis of the amphibian.

In the example shown, the length of the moment arm is the length of the discharge tube (
) is twice as large as when it is parallel, so
The ability to change direction on the water is greatly improved.

The binions Q4 and @ can be replaced with grooved pulleys, and the chain (c) can be replaced with a ■-belt.

If you replace the dog clutch device (to) with a simple belt tension device, you can get Bell H! 51 drives the pulley @ only when it is in the tensioned state.

In the preferred embodiment shown, the water propulsion device consists of two jets, but any known type of water propulsion device, such as, for example, a screw propeller, could be substituted.
This falls within the technical scope of the present invention.

In this case, it is necessary to provide a known device to transmit the rotation of the pinion @ to the screw protrusion.

Furthermore, in this case, when moving on land, it must be removed,
It is desirable to be able to quickly install and remove the screw propeller so that it can be returned to its original position on the water.

4 Brief Description of the Drawings The drawing is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of an amphibian according to the invention.

(1) Body (2) Drive wheel (3) Central drive wheel (4) Drive wheel (5) Drive shaft (7
) Engine (8) Gearbox (9) Brake disc QO) Brake shoe 01)! Q2 + Master cylinder (13) Lever Q4) 0
5) Bee 47 (l[ilf,:L-7Q7) Binion α barrel sleeve acJ driven shaft
(A) Chain Qυ Binion (2nd sleeve driven shaft C24) Binion (2 chains (A) Binion hand rotating shaft
(To) Centrifugal pump

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A multipurpose amphibious vehicle having a watertight body equipped with an engine, a gearbox, and a differential, wherein the body has a body that cannot be turned and that With two groups of drive wheels consisting of a plurality of low-pressure tires that are rotatably linked, steering control of the amphibian on land is achieved by applying brakes to the -side drive shaft. This is done by decelerating the wheel and accelerating the wheel on the other side, and each drive shaft is equipped with a drive device for the drive wheel and a propulsion device for water use that can be removed at will. An amphibious vehicle characterized by being provided with and. (The 212 water propulsion devices are provided symmetrically apart from each other on both sides of the longitudinal central axis of the amphibian.) Amphibious vehicle. (3) The water propulsion device is provided obliquely with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the vehicle, and the direction of the propulsion force is therefore oblique. (2) The amphibious vehicle according to paragraph (2).
Claim (1) characterized in that the device is driven by a pinion attached to a drive shaft.
The amphibious vehicle according to any one of paragraphs to (3). (5) The floating propulsion device is adapted to be driven by a grooved pulley keyed to the corresponding drive shaft, which pulley only moves when the belt is pulled by the tensioning device. An amphibious vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a pinion of a propulsion device is actuated via a belt. (6) The amphibious vehicle according to any one of claims 111 to (5), wherein the water propulsion device is a jet-type reaction device. (7) Claims No. 11 to (5) characterized in that the propulsion device on water is a screw propeller.
Amphibious vehicles as described in Section 1.