JPS5883796A - Shielding excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield tunneling machine used for tunnel excavation work, and particularly to a shield tunneling machine used for tunnel excavation work. ! As a structure, the present invention relates to a shield excavator equipped with a thrust support means that supports the thrust of a propulsion jack by abutting against the inner wall of an already excavated tunnel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Generally, when a tunnel is excavated, work is carried out to protect the inner wall of the tunnel by covering it with concrete or the like (hereinafter referred to as lining) to protect the tunnel from the ridge, that is, to prevent accidents such as collapse and flooding. The degree of lining varies depending on the geology of the tunnel ground and the purpose of use of the tunnel, but if the geology is strong and there is little risk of collapse, shape steel etc. are fixed at appropriate predetermined intervals along the tunnel excavation cross section. A simple construction method called shoring is being implemented, in which concrete is sprayed over the entire surface of the tunnel's inner wall to form a protective wall. In addition, if the geology is weak or there is a large amount of groundwater, and there is a risk of flooding due to collapse, protective members called segments are used to form a protective wall strong enough to withstand the danger. is installed on the entire inner wall of the tunnel. These segments are several times thicker than the concrete inner wall of the shoring, and some of them have reinforcing steel or are made of a variety of materials. The installation of tunnels required various mechanical operations, which required a more complicated work process than shoring, and the material costs were extremely high, contributing to the high cost of tunnel construction. By the way, it is suitable for various geological conditions in tunnel excavation work,
The shield tunneling machine, which has become the mainstream tunnel tunneling machine due to its safety and high efficiency in construction, uses the above-mentioned segments to support the thrust of a large number of shields installed on the inner circumference of the tunneling machine, and excavates using the reaction force. Propelling an aircraft is a well-known and widely practiced technology. Figure 1 shows a semi-mechanical excavator, which is an example of a shield excavator, in which 1 is the excavator, 2 is its outer shell cylinder, and 3 is the open end surface of the front end of the cylinder 2. , shows a state in which the excavator 1 is in the ground W and the open end surface 3 faces the face X. 4 is a cutter which is movable back and forth and rotatable, and excavates the entire surface of the face X. Reference numeral 5 denotes a scraper, which has the function of being able to move back and forth and rotate freely in order to scrape excavated earth, sand, and rocks into the chute 6. 1 is a conveyor. Reference numeral 8 denotes a ring girder, which is an auxiliary member provided along the inner circumference of the cylindrical body 2 of the excavator. Reference numeral 9 denotes an erector for tensioning the segments, and a small heel 10 is provided on the tLT side supported by the ring gutter 8, and a segment crank f11 is movably provided on this. 12
is a shield jack, and 13 is its support member. 14 is a core seal, and 15 is a segment. Y is the inner wall of the tunnel, and 16 is fresh concrete or the like injected into the gap between the tunnel inner wall Y and the segment 15. 2 indicates a tunnel. Each power line, motor, work floor, etc. are omitted from illustration.

Problems with the conventional technology In actual tunnel excavation work, the geology is often heterogeneous.In some sections, the geology is strong and the inner wall of the tunnel can be sufficiently protected with a simple shoring lining, but in adjacent sections, In many cases, despite preliminary surveys, the ore becomes soft and requires segments as a strong protective material, so in the end, a construction method using a shield excavator that uses segments that can handle either type of geology was adopted. However, even in sections with strong geology, expensive segment tensioning was undesirably carried out, resulting in extra work, wasted materials, and high construction costs.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention was devised to effectively solve the above-mentioned problems.The purpose of the present invention is to: Provides an excavator that can omit segment tensioning, which requires a complicated work process, and can switch to segment tensioning at will when a section of soft geology appears. It's about doing.

Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a jack for propulsion 4, which is used in sections where segment tensioning is omitted, is installed in a Nengyu mechanical digging shield excavator, which has the same functions as conventional examples. A thrust bearing means that abuts and engages with the inner wall of the excavated tunnel is installed as a mechanism that supports the thrust of the excavation jack and generates a reaction force, and a movable frame incorporating the thrust bearing means is installed in the tunnel. A support girder is provided that is slidably supported in the axial direction, and the support girder is supported in a cantilever manner by a ring girder that is an auxiliary member of the excavator.

Embodiment of the Invention An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Second
The figure shows a state in which the device of the present invention has been added to a conventional semi-mechanical digging seal and excavator, and shows a state in which shoring is being constructed on the tunnel inner wall Y in place of segments.

The excavator 1 and the tail seal 14 are provided in the same manner as before. The screen slide, conveyor, erector, etc. are omitted from illustration.

Reference numeral 11 is the steel section for the shoring. Reference numeral 21 is a support girder 21 extending from the rear of the excavator 1 facing the tunnel 2, and whose upper surface is parallel to the tunnel axis and whose cross section is rectangular in shape. It is supported in a portable manner. Reference numeral 22 denotes a movable frame, which has a vertically long rectangular side shape as shown in FIG. 2, and a horizontally long rectangular front shape as shown in FIG. It is slidably inserted into the support beam 21 via the rectangular cutout portion 23. 24 is a steel ball serving as a sliding aid. A plurality of propulsion jacks 25 are connected between the movable frame 22 and the ring girder 8 by connecting hardware 26-. 2γ, and the movable frame 22 is drawn forward along the support beam 21 by the fibrillation of the propulsion gloss 25. Reference numeral 28 is a shoe plate that is attached to the outside of the movable frame 22 in a symmetrical projecting manner, and is supported so as to freely come into contact with the tunnel inner wall Y by the expansion and contraction operation of the grits glossy 29 consisting of a piston and a cylinder, and the propulsion glossy 25 A thrust bearing means is formed to support the thrust of the thrust force. Shoe grates 28 and grits jacks 29 are spherical bearings 30
It is connected so that it can swing freely.

The shoe plate 28 is provided with a groove portion G along its outer surface in which the shaped steel member 11 of the shoring can be accommodated.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 3, its outer diameter when contracted is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaped steel material 11 of the shoring wound around the tunnel inner wall Y and the segment to be stretched. can move freely with The cylinder fixing member of the 3111 grip jack 29 is a cylindrical member provided along the support beam 21 at the center of the moving frame 22. Note that the hydraulic piping for each gloss is omitted from the illustration.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained. During tunnel excavation work, in sections where the geology is soft, segments are placed on the tunnel inner wall Y as before, and the excavator 1 is propelled while supporting the thrust of the 7-Rudonoyatsuki 12 on the segments. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, each shoe plate 28 has its burrs and horns 29 fibrillated and drawn toward the center. This is so as not to interfere with the propulsion of the excavator 1 and the segment tensioning work. On the other hand, in a section where the geology is strong and tunnel excavation is performed only by supporting work, the propulsion jack 25 provided in front of the movable frame 22 is moved to move the movable frame 22 to the front room of the support girder 21. Then, the piston of each grit jack 29 is extended to bring the outer surface of each shoe plate 28 into contact with the tunnel inner wall Y. Since the shoe plate 28 is connected to the piston by a spherical bearing, it is possible to eliminate poor contact caused by some unevenness of the tunnel inner wall Y, and to achieve sufficient contact and engagement. With the above, propulsion jack 2
5 and the shoe plate 28, which is a means for supporting its thrust force, are completed, so when the piston of each propulsion jack 25 is gradually extended, the thrust force is transmitted to the tunnel inner wall Y via each shoe plate 28, and each shoe plate 2
8 supports the above-mentioned thrust by the frictional resistance between its outer surface and the tunnel inner wall Y, and generates a reaction force, which slides and propels the excavator 1 forward toward the face X side via the support girder 2-1. At this time, the steel balls 24 disposed between the support girder 21 and the cutout 23 of the moving frame are effective for smoothly performing the above-mentioned sliding propulsion. When the propulsion shoe plate 25 is propelled by one stroke, the movable frame 22 remains behind the support girder 21, so the grip jack 29 is moved to separate the shoe plate 28 from the tunnel inner wall Y and make contact with it. Release the engagement and fibrillate each propulsion jack 25 to move the moving frame 2.
2 was moved forward, and shoring work was then carried out on the 7 portions of the tunnel inner wall that were created. By repeating the above operations, the tunnel excavation operation is continued with the segments omitted. In the above-mentioned work 17, the groove portion G that can accommodate the shaped steel material 17 of the shoring provided on the outer surface of the shoe grate 28 is used to remove the shaped steel material 1 while the excavator 1 is being propelled.
It is also possible to shorten the construction time of shoring by winding the T, which is effective in preventing sudden collapse of the inner wall Y of the tunnel. Since the shoe plate 28 mentioned above is installed symmetrically at an angle of approximately 35° with respect to the horizontal line, the pressing force of the grit jack 29 is equal to the distance #1 from the tunnel 2 to the ground surface (hereinafter referred to as the upper cover). Even if the tunnels are shallow, the impact on the ground surface is small, and even if existing tunnels are located close to each other in parallel, the impact can be minimized as much as possible.

As described above, according to the shield tunneling machine of the present invention, it is possible to easily implement any of the tunnel inner wall protection measures such as segment tensioning or shoring construction, and it is possible to prevent geological changes in the ground where the tunnel is being excavated. ◎ Other Embodiments Although not shown, protrusions may be fixed to the outer surface of the shoe plate to strengthen its engagement with the inner wall of the tunnel.

Rollers may be inserted as sliding aids between the supporting girder and the moving frame leg, or Teflon or the like may be applied.

When excavating a tunnel in a single row, two large shoe plates may be installed on the left and right sides.

Effect of the invention According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

■ As a means of lining the inner wall of the tunnel, any arbitrary means, either segments or shoring, can be implemented.

■ Due to the functions and effects described in item 0, in sections where the geology of the ground is strong, it is possible to omit the construction of expensive segments, which can significantly reduce tunnel construction costs.
Stable excavation work can proceed without interruption.

■ Since the shoe plate is installed at a position away from the horizontal and vertical directions of the tunnel inner wall, the influence of the abutting engagement of the shoe plate can be avoided even in areas with shallow earth cover or in the vicinity of already excavated tunnels. can be reduced as much as possible.

(2) Since the shoe plates are arranged symmetrically in four directions, the direction of the excavator can be easily controlled by manipulating the abutment and engagement of the shoe plates at desired positions.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a conventionally known semi-mechanical shield excavator, FIGS. 2 to 5 are views of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view, and FIG. Figure 2 is a view from the ■-m line in Figure 2, Figure 4 is an operating state diagram in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a view from ■-v in Figure 4.
It is a sectional view taken along the line. In the figure, 1 is a shield tunneling machine, 2 is a tunnel, 21 is a support girder, 22 is a moving frame, Y is an inner wall of the tunnel, 25 is a propulsion jack, and 29 is a shoe plate serving as a thrust bearing means. Patent applicant: Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. 11 Agent: Patent attorney Nobuo Kinuya Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] A support girder extends along the excavated tunnel at the rear of the excavator, a movable frame supported by the support girder so as to be movable along the axial direction, and a movable frame radially outward from the movable frame. (b) thrust bearing means that are provided so as to be freely retractable and symmetrical with each other and that abut and maintain on both sides of the inner wall of the already excavated tunnel;
A shield excavator comprising: a propulsion jack that is interposed between the excavator and the movable member and provides a propulsion force to the excavator.