JPS5876741A - Optical apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To determine the orientation of substance and the directivity of color in transparent or semi-transparent material by a method wherein a parallel light via lens or the like from a light source enters the surface of a sample and then, diffused and reflected lights from the surface thereof are detected with a light receiver set at a specified light receiving angle. CONSTITUTION:A sample 23 retained on a sample base 22 and a light source device 24 are arranged in a measuring chamber 21 of an optical device. The light source device 24 comprises a lamp 25, a condenser mirror 26 and a filter 27. A white light from the lamp 25 enters the sample 23 at an incidence angle thetai=+30 deg. as almost parallel light with the condenser mirror 26. The diffused lights reflected at thetar1=-60 deg. and those reflected at thetar2=+60 deg. among diffused and reflected lights on the surface of the sample are separately introduced to a rotary mirror 30 via a lens L and a mirror M. With such an arrangement, the orientation of substance, the directivity of color and the like in transparent or semi-transparent can be obtained accurately.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention measures the amount of light reflected by a film containing a substance with high reflectivity in one transparent or translucent material in a sample, and determines the orientation of the substance No. 111 in one in the sample. The present invention relates to an optimal optical device for macroscopically measuring the orientation of metal pieces in a coating film. In the case of a general F solid coating film, when light is applied, most of the light is diffused and reflected on the coating surface and its vicinity, so the specularly reflected light component is small. However, in the case of a metallic coating film whose main chain is a metal piece with high light reversibility, such as a patterned aluminum piece, the light is specularly reflected on the surface of the metal piece in the coating film, so the specularly reflected light component is is big. Therefore, the color of the metallic coating film is greatly influenced by this specularly reflected light component, and the color varies depending on the positional relationship between the light source and the viewer. Since the specularly reflected light component by the metallic coating film is controlled by the orientation of the metal pieces in the coating film, the color of the metallic coating film depends on the orientation of the metal pieces. The color of a solid paint film does not change depending on the painting method or painting conditions, whereas the color of a metallic paint film largely changes depending on the painting method or painting conditions. This is because the orientation changes. In this way, the color of the metallic coating film changes depending on the coating method and coating conditions.

[7] Measuring color using different measurement methods is extremely important for quality control. Conventionally, the color of a coating film has been measured using an optical colorimeter as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. In the optical system shown in Fig. 1, an illumination light source 1 and a lens 2 produce 1 approximately parallel beam of light to the sample 8e.
Irradiate vertically. The specularly reflected light from the sample 1 is returned to the light source side by 1 point, and is sent to the light receiving element 4 for the tristimulus values x, y, and z. 5.
The diffused light of the sample 8 is integrated by the integrating sphere 7 and detected by the light-receiving element 4.5°6 so as not to require a fit. On the other hand, in the optical system shown in FIG. 2, the sample 81 is illuminated from 45 degrees left and right, and the vertically diffused light is transmitted through the integrating tube 9 to the tristimulus tube X,
Measurement is performed using Y and Z light receiving elements 10.11.42. When a metallic coating film is obtained by air atomization coating, the metal pieces are generally arranged with regularity as shown in macroscopic figures 8 and 4. In other words, the arrangement of metal pieces as shown in Figure 8 is small and can only be obtained under appropriate coating conditions.A metallic coating film with metal pieces arranged in this way has no orientation (the height of the observer's eye is 11, 'f when viewed from each direction while maintaining a constant distance, no difference in color is observed). In addition, the orientation of the metal pieces as shown in Figure 4 often occurs when painting a vertical surface, and this metallic coating film in which the metal pieces are arranged at an angle with respect to the sample surface is oriented. In other words, when a metallic coating film is viewed from one direction, it appears whitish, and when viewed from the other direction, it appears blackish.The color of a metallic coating film with such orientation is 1111
It is difficult to measure with the optical system of the colorimeter described below. However, in the optical system shown in FIG. 2, if the sample is rotated with illumination from the left and right directions in only one direction and the angle is determined, the orientation of the color of the metallic coating can be determined. Further, by scanning the metallic coating film using this optical system and measuring the color, it is possible to quantify so-called gun unevenness. When a metallic paint film is obtained by air atomization painting, problems related to the color of the metallic paint film (orientation, unevenness, etc.) are often caused by the regular orientation of the metal pieces. In the optical system F of the colorimeter, it was possible to measure colors suitable for viewing by changing the incident direction or light receiving direction without changing the light incident angle or light receiving angle. In recent years, there has been a need to reduce pollution and save resources, and consideration has been given to using rotary atomization for metallic coatings. In the metallic coating film obtained by rotary atomization coating, metal pieces are randomly arranged as shown in Figure 5E. Therefore, the metallic coating film has no orientation. However, the metallic color obtained with the rotating atomization ω system? The directionality of the film (the color when viewed from a fixed orientation and changing the observer's eye height) is different from the directionality of a metallic paint film obtained by air atomization painting. In other words, when viewed from the front, the air atomized paint is generally visible.
``'1%) The paint film is white (it looks white, but when viewed from an angle, the metallic paint film created by the rotary atomization paint looks white2)
). In the future, it is likely that rotary atomization painting equipment will be adopted for metallic painting on painting lines, but air atomization painting guns will still be used for repair painting. Therefore, for quality control purposes, it was necessary to develop a device that could measure the color direction (zl) of the Meta II paint film for air exposure painting and rotary atomization painting in a way that closely corresponds to the viewing angle. Not +'l
It is lacking. The present inventor measured the color of metallic coatings for air atomization coating and rotary atomization coating by first changing the incident angle and reflection angle of a commercially available color analyzer. As a result, most of the color difference between metallic coatings when the paint is the same is L (R, that is, Y 1[+' (n
It was found that this was due to a difference of 1. Then put the + in the corner as appropriate P
It was found that the color directionality of a metallic coating film could be measured by changing the acceptance angle with these settings. That is, as shown in Figure 6, the incident angle is set to +80° IC to receive light. We calculated the angle by -7,・,+□5-ma-Q change. L of metallic paint film by atomization painting and rotary atomization painting
Indicates M. The results are as follows: 1-view J:<-M, and the metal pieces in the Meguri/7 coating film by air atomization coating are unidirectional.
In contrast to this orientation, the metal pieces in the metallic coating film formed by single-rotation atomization coating were shown to be randomly arranged. Therefore, 1. Inventor's responsibility 1. In view of the results of the above consideration and analysis,
As a result of extensive research, we have found that by directing parallel light from a light source through a lens, etc., to the sample surface, and detecting the diffusely reflected light from the sample surface with 8 receivers placed at predetermined acceptance angles, we can detect whether the sample is transparent or semi-transparent. We have devised an apparatus that can obtain the orientation of nine colors of highly reflective substances in a transparent material, which is more accurate and simpler than conventional apparatuses. The amount of light reflected by a film 1 containing a substance with high reflectance in a transparent or translucent material (in particular, in a metallic coating film) is measured to determine the orientation of the substance in the sample. To provide an optical device that is optimal for macroscopically measuring the orientation of a metal piece in a metallic coating, and that can precisely and easily measure the color directionality of a metallic coating film so as to match it exactly. That is, one present invention consists of the first invention and the second invention,
The first aspect of the invention is a light source which is fixed at a predetermined position and causes parallel light to enter the sample surface after passing through a lens or the like. At least two layers corresponding to this light source - 1] A light-receiving part which is fixed and reflects from the sample surface, = light 4, light reception -f. It consists of a light receiver that converts the light taken in from the light receiving section into a streetcar signal. 11. By causing the light taken in from each of the light receiving sections to act on the light receiver simultaneously or selectively; 11. An optical device configured to measure the amount of light reflected by a film containing a substance having a reflectance of 1V in a transparent or translucent material in a transparent or translucent material, and to detect the orientation of the substance in a sample. It is. The optical device 6' of the first invention has such a configuration. The amount of light reflected on the sample surface t can be determined by appropriately selecting each of the light receiving directions opposite to the incident direction A and the direction V. The dependence of the incident angle and the acceptance angle can be measured extremely efficiently compared to conventional devices. Therefore, the apparatus of the first invention has a practically significant effect that cannot be obtained with conventional apparatuses, such as being able to macroscopically quantify the orientation of the above-mentioned substances as shown in FIGS. 8 to 5. be effective. Moreover, the second invention is. A small (in both cases, a fixed position 1 on the two layers, and an entrance part through which parallel light from a light source passes through a lens, etc., enters one sample surface. A predetermined position w1 corresponding to this entrance part is fixed, and 61
■A light-receiving section that receives the light reflected by the object described above. The light is taken in from the light receiving section. It consists of a photoreceptor that converts one light source. By selectively applying the light that has been reflected from the sample surface from the incident part to the light receiver 1, the light emitted from the film 1 containing a substance with high reflectance in the transparent or semi-transparent material of the sample is This is an optical device designed to measure the amount of reflection and detect the orientation of the substance in the sample. The optical device of the second invention has such a configuration. The device of the first invention and the device of the first invention have the same effects, and in addition, the amount of light reflected from the sample surface t is determined by adjusting each incident direction with respect to the light receiving direction. By selecting this, the dependence of the incident direction and the light receiving direction can be measured even more efficiently. [7
Maybe the device of the second invention is + tlil tri! In addition to the apparatus of the first invention, the apparatus of the first invention can also make the difference between the orientations of the substances as shown in FIGS. 8 and 4 macroscopically 1+1. In addition to providing effects that cannot be obtained with other methods, it also simplifies the device
It can be used inexpensively and has two great effects. Here, in each of the above inventions, the incident angle O1 of the parallel light may be, for example, 0 to θi (t in the range of +90°. The acceptance angle Or may be, for example, -90'(Dr<190°
, OrΦ±O1, but at least λ. If two or more light receiving sections are provided, the light receiving angle of the light receiving element as a light receiver should be 0 "--Oi±a, or
-%- #i soil β (15°<;knee<:45°. The present invention will be explained below based on each of the embodiments). FIG. 7 is an optical system diagram of the first embodiment of the first invention (see FIG. 7). A sample 28 held on a sample stage 221 and a light source device 24 are installed inside a cylindrical measurement chamber 21 whose inner peripheral surface is coated with black matte paint. The light source device 24 includes a lamp 25. Concentrating mirror 26.
It consists of a filter 27, and the white light from the lamp 25 is reflected by a condensing mirror 261 into a nearly parallel beam of light, which is directed to the sample 2.
8t is incident at an incident angle θi −+80°. Among the light diffusely reflected on the sample surface, the diffused light reflected at θrl--fiO° and the diffused light reflected at θr2-10'' are transmitted from seats 2B and 29 of the measurement chamber 21 through lens L and mirror M, respectively. The rotating mirror 80 is guided by a rotating mirror 801. The rotating mirror 80 is rotated at high speed by a sector motor 811 (50 Hz), 2
#1 type diffused light is alternately guided to the spectrometer entrance slit 82. The light L7 incident from the spectrometer entrance slit 32 forms one sample image on the diffraction grating 83, and then illuminates the output spot 84 with one dispersion. The light passing through the output slit 84 is spectrally divided, passes through a filter, enters the photomultiplier tube 35, converts the wLi signal into one signal, and measures the spectral reflectance of two types of diffused light. From the obtained spectral reflectance of the standard white plate, O1 = + a Oo or+ = 110° O4 = +8
0° θra = 10 fl O' The color in one optical system of the above 2611 type is calculated based on a predetermined calculation formula. Next, the operation and operation of the first embodiment of the first invention will be explained. A standard white plate is held on the sample stage 22 and the spectral reflectance is determined. The white light from the lamp 25 is converged by the condensing mirror 261 to become a substantially parallel beam, which passes through the filter 27 and enters the standard white plate held on the sample stage 22 at an incident angle θ+−+SO°. The diffused light reflected at r+--60° and the diffused light reflected at θr2=+(jo't) are reflected from the windows 28° and 29 of the measurement chamber 21, respectively, to the lens L and mirror M.
After that, a rotating mirror of 30 tons is delivered. Sector Tanabata 811
By means of a rotating mirror that rotates at high speed, the diffused light of the two citrons is alternately guided to a diffraction grating 88, separated into 7L, 11 parts, and incident on a conical multiplier tube 35, where it is electrically converted and output as f( In this case, the outputs are separated and output in synchronization with the rotation period of the rotator 30, so the spectral reflectance of the two types of diffused light R8 (O
r+λ) is found. R8 (or, λ) [θr: θr+ (--floo) or Or2 (-160°), λ; 380 (780 layers at λ)]
Next, hold the metallic painted plate on the sample stand 221,
Similarly, the spectral reflectance Rm (Or.) of two types of diffused light is determined. Then, from the spectral reflectance Rg (θr, λ) of the standard white plate and the spectral reflectance Rm (or, )) of the metallic painted plate, the spectral ratio reflectance ρ (or, λ) of the first optical system is calculated. seek,
il+, (21, (From formula 81, the beads *['X(or), Y(Or), Z(Or
) Calculate 1°Rm(θr, λ) p(Br・λ””Rs(θr, 1) X(tj r )=KdioP'A'iλρ(or, λ
)△s□fl)Y(Br)=toΣPλyλp ((J
r, λ)△λ□(2)80 Z (Or) -K aoPk zλP(or, λ)
Δλ (8) Pλ: Spectral distribution of standard light used for illumination (value determined by CIE → constant) iλ yλ) Spectral tristimulus value (value determined by CIE → iλ constant) Δλ; Wavelength interval ( summer + rn) K + 1/1,000,000
r ) y(4). (5), Substitute into the f61 formula and get l, (Or), a(Or
), b(/7r) is calculated. 2 L(Or)-10Y (or) --□(4
)2 a(or) = 1.75(1,02X(or)−
Y((lr))/Y(or)□(5) 1/2 b(Or)=7. O(Y(or)−α847Z(I
Ir))/Y(//r)-=-+fi1 The colors of each metallic coated plate obtained by air atomization coating and rotary atomization coating from the first embodiment of the first invention are shown in Table 1. As shown, it agrees well with the viewing and listening, and R(2L(-flo)/L(
+flO)≧1)) Thus, color directionality could be expressed. R during air atomization painting is large, indicating that the medal pieces are oriented as shown in Figure 8. R is small during rotary atomization painting, or is it a metal piece or one random piece as shown in Figure 5? It was shown that this arrangement exists. Table 1 In the case of the first embodiment of the first invention, Meta II ink coating p
tn color directionality, that is, in addition to the orientation of the metal piece, the color in its optical system can be determined (n11), but when only the directionality is required (most ijA machines), metallic coating is used. Since the spectral reflectance of the film does not depend much on one wavelength, the directionality can be expressed by the ratio of the reflectance in each optical system, even if diffused light is not dispersed, or even if a single wave (4 lights) is used. 1. Second Embodiment of the First Invention [See Figure 8] Figure 8 is an optical system diagram of the second embodiment of the first invention.Sample 4
8 is installed. The light source device 44 is installed outside the 4111 fixed room 41, and the light enters the sample 481 from the light entrance window 45 of the measurement chamber.
This is a perfect match for the sea urchin which is incident at an angle of incidence of Ot=+-6o. The light ryosokan 44 has a lamp 46. Lens 47. Filter 48. It consists of a slit 4o, and the white light from the lamp 46 passes through the lens 47 to form one almost parallel beam and enters the sample toward the scratch 8t.The light reflected from the sample surface 48 is measured! The optical fibers II', which are exposed to a large number of exit windows 50 to 59 of 41, are guided to the C/I/C and then
Electrical conversion is possible. From this, the amount of reflection for each acceptance angle Or can be determined. Tal piece J] The results of determining the orientation are shown. According to JL, when painting with air atomization, there is one metal piece in one direction (No. 8 Im) a! When the metal pieces were atomized and coated 9 times in a row, it was found that the metal pieces were randomly arranged (Fig. 5). Embodiment of the second invention [See FIGS. 10 to 12] FIGS. 1O and 11 show the measurement chamber 10 of the embodiment of the second invention.
0? Light receiving section 101 and light incident sections 102 to 109
It shows the eyes of the pupils. The center part 1 of the hemispherical measuring chamber 100 whose inner peripheral surface is painted with black matte paint is curved so that a sample 91 held by a sample stage 901 can be installed therein. A light receiving section 101 is provided on the wall of the TM11 fixed chamber 100 at the zenith of the sample surface 91. One wall of the measurement chamber 100 has an incident angle of -675°, -45°, -22,5°, +15
°. Light incidence portions 102, 108, 104, 105.10 ('I.]07 are provided at the positions of +46° and +61.5°, respectively, and the incident angle is 45°, and the h position is 90°. 1m at different degrees of angle
08.108, 109.106 and 1) a). Ml of light incidence parts 102 to 109 is 1st sof1 41st
A light source section 110 as shown in FIG. 1 is provided. Concentrating mirror 112. Normally closed shutter 118. The white light from the lamp 111 becomes a substantially parallel beam of light through the quaternary mirror 112t, and when the normally closed shutter 118, which is opened and closed by the solenoid F151, is opened, the filter 1
The lens, slit, and filter are shown in red, and the light is taken out from the light receiving section 101. Next, move the normally closed shutters to the side and irradiate one sample surface with parallel light from each light incidence part.Then, each light incidence The diffused light when light is incident from the light receiving part 101
The amount of diffused light corresponding to each light incident position can be determined from the 1,000 f! The solenoid may be operated manually or in sequence using a timer.Also, in the embodiment of the second invention, the diffused light was not dispersed, but in the embodiment of the first invention. When one minute of light is used as in the first embodiment, it is possible to measure the color in one optical system.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of conventional equipment, Figures 8 to 5 are explanatory diagrams showing the arrangement of metal pieces in a metallic coating, and Figure 6 is a diagram showing the arrangement of metal pieces in a metallic coating. Diagram showing the orientation mode of the metal pieces, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the first embodiment of the device of the first invention, FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the second embodiment of the device of the first invention, and FIG. The figure is a diagram showing the orientation mode of metal pieces by the second embodiment of the device of the first invention,
10 to 12 are schematic diagrams illustrating Embodiment 4 of the second invention. In the figure 21...Measurement chamber, 22...Sample stand. 23... Sample, 24... Light source device. 25... Lamp, 26... Concentrating mirror. L・Dispute・Dispute ゛IMeya・-Mira, 32ψ・
・Written slit. Patent Applicant Co., Ltd. 1:t'#n (Central IFF Research Institute Agent Masuyasu Takahashi (42 people) Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 2 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■) Fixed at a predetermined position and directing parallel light through a lens etc. to the sample surface t
This is the incident light source. a light receiving section that is fixed at least two positions above the light source and that receives light reflected from the sample surface; It consists of a light receiver that converts the light taken in from the light receiving section into an electrical signal. By simultaneously or selectively applying the light taken in from each of the light-receiving parts to one light-receiving unit, light is emitted from one film containing a highly reflective substance in a transparent or semi-transparent material in one sample. An optical device characterized in that it measures the amount of reflection of the substance and detects the orientation of the substance in the sample. 2) A light source that is fixed at a predetermined position and makes parallel light enter the sample surface through a lens or the like. a light receiving section that is fixed at at least two positions above the specular reflection direction of the light reflected on the sample surface and receives the light reflected on the sample surface; It consists of a light receiver that converts the light 4 taken in from the light receiving part to electrical (Fl). The light taken in from each of the light receiving parts is converted into the same lR# or selectively
By applying this to the light receiver, the amount of light reflected by a film containing a substance with high reflectance in one of the transparent or translucent materials in the sample is measured, and the orientation of the substance in one in the sample is detected. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical device is configured to do the following. 3) A light beam that is fixed at a predetermined position and allows parallel light to enter the sample surface after passing through a lens, etc. a light receiving section that is fixed at at least two sets of positions sandwiching the incident direction of the light incident on the sample surface, and that receives light reflected from the sample surface; The light taken in from the light receiving parts is then connected to a light receiver which converts it into gas (Fl).The light taken in from each of the light receiving parts is simultaneously or selectively applied to the light receiver. Containing substances with high reflectance in transparent or translucent materials
Feature 1 characterized in that the orientation of the substance in the sample is detected by measuring the amount of reflected light.
t1 - Optical device according to claim 1. 4) A small (2 to 10) fixed position, and an entrance part through which parallel light from a light source passes through a lens, etc. is incident on the sample surface. A predetermined position corresponding to this entrance part is fixed. a light receiving section that receives the light reflected on the sample surface; and a light receiving section that converts the light reflected from the light receiving section into a wtM signal. The light that is reflected from the sample surface from the incident section. selectively acting on the photoreceptor? This method measures the amount of light reflected by a film containing a substance with a high reflectance among the transparent or translucent materials in the sample, and determines the orientation of the n++ substances in the sample. An optical device characterized in that it detects.