JPS586440A - Clamping device of material tester for executing repetitive stress test and repetitive elongation test under high temperature condition - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for storing or tightening a material test piece, etc., using a cart in which power is distributed to the testing machine and acts on the tightened end of the material test piece. A ram is provided to clamp this end to the element, in which case the auxiliary force of the load ram required for the clamping is applied to the specimen or the clamping element at a high temperature (such that it can be matched to the temperature of the element). Tightening of the material testing machine for carrying out cyclic stress tests and cyclic elongation tests relates to mounting.

In the case of such a clamping g-, the material specimen must be received in the element so that there is no play in the clamping under all test conditions, for this the clamping of the specimen must be clamped to the head. is tightened into the element and an auxiliary force is applied. This auxiliary force is chosen in such a way that no looseness is guaranteed during the wiping test when the specimen is subjected to repeated VI summers and when the test mK is varied.

The fasteners connected directly to the test specimen are made of tatami mat a, a heat-resistant, high-tensile material. Its strength #t is similar to that of another metal V material, which is large at high temperatures! It depends on If. The clamping force of the test piece between the spatula P and the clamping element or the clamping force must therefore be adapted to the changed strength at high temperatures, i.e. reduced by %II degrees, and be reduced accordingly. No.

To perform specimen clamping, each specimen clamp is biased by a load ram at the end. Tighten! ! The clamping element is guided up through the element and the clamping force is applied to a load ram acting on the end face of the head, which clamps the head against the element. The test piece then has a head, for example a threaded clamp, which is screwed into the element. It is also conceivable to provide clamping clamps or other suitable clamps for single-member specimens. Loading rams are used for mechanical or hydraulic clamping in known devices. 8! For mechanical tightening, a suitable spring device that can be manually adjusted is used, so that force can be set between the head and the arm for tightening the test specimen. . In the hydraulic type, the cart ram is connected to an actuating cylinder or an actuating piston, which is supplied with a pressure medium, in order to generate the tightening force. By controlling or adjusting the pressure in the crop cylinder, the clamping force by the loading ram can be adjusted. In the case of mechanical tightening, manual adjustment of the tightening force is complicated, and hydraulic tightening requires considerable expense.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to improve and simplify the known tightening system. In that case, the test piece is automatically tightened according to the temperature of 1fK by applying an auxiliary force to the head for drawing. I
The aim is to make it possible to adjust the I and l settings. This auxiliary force is adapted to the strength of the clamping element at various temperatures, as well as to the drop in strength at high temperatures.

Thereby, it is intended to omit manual adjustment or corresponding control or control devices. This object can be achieved by the means described in the Sakikan part of claim WJ1.
Give! It is described in Section 1.

The advantages of the invention primarily reside in achieving the above-mentioned objectives.

In other words, tightening is performed by using a spring with a gradually decreasing characteristic in conjunction with a load ram having a coefficient of thermal expansion smaller than that of the element. Can automatically adjust to drops. In this case, the decreasing part of the spring characteristic is determined to vary as little as possible with respect to the spring force or spring stroke.

Load ram and tighten spring characteristics 1! By matching the elementary expansion relationship, it is achieved that even at high temperatures, the auxiliary force at the clamping point of the specimen is always below the permissible stress value of the element.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, which is made of 7t-tt lamic material and is suitable for the purpose of cart rams, a disc spring is used which can easily generate a tapering spring characteristic;
The maximum spring stroke of the spring is V4! I can wear it out,
The spring itself is made replaceable.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown between the rings.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a clamping device according to the invention with a spring-loaded load ram which is applied to the clamping pad for clamping the specimen.

The clamping of the clamping unit 1.1' is shown only schematically and is attached in a suitable manner to the test piece 2.2'. In this case, one unit 1' is mounted on a fixed part of the test F112', for example in the upper part, and on the movable piston rod 2 of the test machine 2 on the other unit) 1. Since both of these fasteners 1) and 1' are formed almost identically, only one of the fasteners 1) is shown in detail in one drawing.

A test piece 3 is placed between the two clamping units 1.1'. Both sides of the test specimen 3 are provided with threaded clamp heads 3', which are connected to the unit 1.1' by means of screws 13'. To carry out the temperature test, a heating furnace or forming device 4 is provided which surrounds the test piece 3 and the end of the M-mount unit 1.1'.

#IfI is a unit) Ill is made up of a main body 5 and a tightening element 6. The body 5 HLT is formed in the form of a link or cylindrical and is attached at its open end to the vc or piston rod 2. The element 6 is attached to the web or lid of the body 5 in any suitable manner, for example by screwing it there. nitori) What is being said? m with l
LI stack 6 is formed in the shape of zotsu 7.

At one end of the test specimen 3, a screw head 3 is attached.
A female thread is provided to accommodate the socket. Instead of screw tightening, another cedar-type tightening method for the test specimen can be provided with folds 1f7t, for example, clamping tightening fIt stomach. The fasteners are made of Element 6RI heat-resistant material, while.

For the main body 5, common materials are used. This is because the body 5 is not heated during the test, or is cooled as the case may be.

For tightening, a load ram 7 of a suitable pressure-resistant T-rank material is arranged in the element 6. The material of this ram 7 has a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the clamping element 6. A disc spring 9 connected to the disc body 8, which is biased by a disc spring 9 to the load ram 7, is supported in contact with the load member #2, or is formed in accordance with the force I of the main body 5. The main body 5 is cheering.
An auxiliary force F is applied to the threaded head 3' of the specimen 3 through the disc body 8 and the load ram 7 by the disc spring 9, which is supported in contact with the disc spring 9. The rx auxiliary force auxiliary force emitter is tightened against element 6. This ensures no looseness in the clamping during repeated stress tests and repeated elongation tests. In that case, the test force on the test piece 3 should not exceed the auxiliary force Fv by the disc spring 9.

Instead of the nine disc spring 9 that generates this auxiliary force, a gradual f
11. Tomobetsu springs or spring devices with special characteristics can also be used. Nine disc springs 9 can be easily replaced in one main body 5.
The atmosphere 111i:Ic is formed so that its maximum assisting force F can be adjusted.

Tightening is required.The strength f of Adjust the auxiliary force or adjust the auxiliary force hydraulically.
This was prevented by adjusting Jl. By means of the tack according to the invention, the clamping of the test piece or specimen is automatically adapted to the temperature prevailing at the location and, accordingly, the clamping to the heat resistance strength of the element 6 by the auxiliary force Pv. The final stage fII1. A special disc spring 9 is used. In the case of this spring 9, the spring force initially increases approximately linearly at the beginning of the spring stroke. As the spring stroke increases over time, the rise in spring force decreases until the spring force eventually reaches a constant tube, or decreases further towards the end of the spring stroke. The qualitative curve of the spring force F with respect to the spring stroke S is shown in FIG. 2 for a spring with a damping characteristic. For the above-mentioned usage condition, the disc spring 9 has a spring force F equal to the spring stroke 8.
remains as constant as possible in the terminal region (the relationship between person and B in Figure 2) and rises almost uniformly in the starting region (between B and C).

Tighten! The strength of the 6-layer remains approximately the same in the range from about 1500°C to 6ω°C.

Above that, this strength decreases approximately linearly with temperature. Third (b), the stile fastening is the resistance #6, which is part of element 6.
For the I material, the typical strong current change or iFFFF heavy load 6□ change with respect to the current t is shown in Table 5.

The tightening is due to the different thermal expansion of the element 6 and the loading ram 7.

As the temperature in the clamping position increases, the clamping element 6 and the load ram 7 expand by different amounts.

The tightening then results in the element 6 being stretched to a greater extent than the load ram 7 due to its larger coefficient of thermal expansion. The difference in length change can be determined for a given temperature difference at a given length of both parts. Tightening is related to the difference in the length electrification of the load ram 7 with respect to the shank 6, and the spring stroke S of the disc spring 9 and the spring force F&-j,
In other words, the spring characteristics of the disc spring 9 remain the same, the auxiliary force Fv at the point where the test specimen 3 is tightened is the strength of the element 6 (so that the load ram 7 related to the temperature is automatically divided into changes)
and tightening 'JIi, which is influenced by the thermal expansion Kitamoto of element 6.

The spring force of the disk spring 9 at ambient temperature is selected in accordance with the desired auxiliary force at the tightening point. In the case of this spring force, the disk spring 9 is compressed in the installed state, and the tightening of the test piece 3 via the load ram 7 provides the desired auxiliary force Fv at the location.

This situation corresponds to point A in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Tighten! When the load ram 7 and the load ram 7 are energized, due to the small length change of the load ram 7, the tightening is achieved in the element 6. This is done by the extension of the disc spring 9. The disc spring 9 operates initially within a certain range of spring properties, ie a change in the spring stroke S causes the spring force P to change only slightly or not at all.

This state corresponds to the area between points A and B in FIGS. 2 and 3.

At point B (Fig. 2) of the spring characteristics, where the spring force F begins to decrease as the spring stroke S decreases, the strong electric current of the tightening element 6 decreases as the temperature rises. It is determined to coincide with point B (Fig. 3).

When the temperature t at the tightening point 6 exceeds point B and further increases in the direction of point C (Fig. 3, Figure 1), the load ram 7 is tightened by the disc spring 9 to compensate for its small thermal expansion. It is followed four times in a row. As a result of the stretching of the plate spring 9, which is conditioned thereby, the spring force F decreases approximately linearly with the spring stroke S, corresponding to the range from point B to C in diagram t42. In this way, in the range from point B to C o in Fig. 3, the decrease in the strong electric current generated by the temperature rise of the element 6 in the tightening 9 can be suppressed at point B in @2.
A corresponding decrease in the spring force F of the plate spring 9 in the range from to C corresponds.

Therefore, the characteristics of the disc spring 9, with m, are the element 6 and the load ram 7.
The angle t length expansion relationship of t
The spring force of 9 will also decrease.

mutually determined. This results in an automatic adaptation of the auxiliary power to the strength of the streetcar. In this case, the spring force of the disc spring 9 is selected so as not to exceed the capacity stress of the tightening element 6 over the entire temperature range of the device.

By such decisions.

The tightening is performed so that the strength characteristics of the element 6 and the characteristics of the disc spring 9 match.

If t decreases, the above relationship is reversed.

In other words, m decreases from point C in Figure 3 toward B or person.
With IF, the tightening increases as the strength of element 6 increases;
At the same time, the length elongation of tightening 1 & 6 and cart ram 7 decreases by different magnitudes. As a result, the spring force F of countersunk 9
Then it rises again from @C to WB or A (Sheath 2).

As described above, in the present invention, the auxiliary force for removing play in the tightening head of the test piece is expanded by mK, and the OA adjustment is automatically adjusted according to the element. Since the lPF capacity strength of the element is to be met, the tightening can be carried out safely to prevent high-temperature leakage of the element fM.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a tightening device according to the present invention. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the never-ending characteristics, and Figure 3 shows the characteristics of changes in the strength of heat-resistant materials. 1.1'...Tighten the unit, 2.2'...Testing machine, 3...Test piece, 3'...Tighten the test piece with the head, 6. , 7...Load ram, 9... Belleville spring. Applicant's representative: Yu InomataFig. 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. For the subsequent tightening of a material test piece, etc. with 11 votes, the unit is placed in a testing machine, and a load ram acting on the tightened end of the material test piece grips this end. The clamping is applied to the element at the tth point, in which case the auxiliary force of the load ram required for the tightening at the tth stage of the test piece or the clamping is subjected to repeated stress testing and repeated stress testing at a high temperature such that it can be adapted to the mlf of the element. How should I tighten the material testing machine to perform the elongation test? 1lTJ1 ram (7) tightens the test piece (3)! ! The material construction (6) is also made of a material with a small coefficient of expansion and compressive strength over an adjustable temperature range, and the load ram (7) generates an auxiliary force.
It can be energized by the m% spring (9)! #The tightening of the companion material testing machine, which performs repeated stress tests and repeated elongation tests under high temperature conditions, is set aside. 2. The characteristics of the spring (9), the load ram (7) and the tightening are related to the expansion relationship with the element (6) and the auxiliary force, and the tightening during temperature changes is required due to the change in strength of R (6). , especially adapted to the strength reduction upon increasing temperature. A fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that the %FF has mutually determined depths. 3. % mold that the load ram (7) is made of ceramic material 4! #'Ffl search range 1st term or 2nd term
4. Tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring (9) is designed as a disc spring. 5. A lv characterized by being able to adjust the maximum spring stroke of the spring (9)! ! Tightening according to any one of claims 1 to 4! i warehouse. 6.% characterized in that the spring (9) is replaceable DJ function.
1Fftl! The tightening described in any of the requirements for items 1 to 5 is applicable to electrical manufacturers.