JPS5857471B2 - 通常ガス状のオレフインの製法 - Google Patents
通常ガス状のオレフインの製法Info
- Publication number
- JPS5857471B2 JPS5857471B2 JP51004683A JP468376A JPS5857471B2 JP S5857471 B2 JPS5857471 B2 JP S5857471B2 JP 51004683 A JP51004683 A JP 51004683A JP 468376 A JP468376 A JP 468376A JP S5857471 B2 JPS5857471 B2 JP S5857471B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- manufacturing
- fraction
- product
- gas oil
- method described
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 15
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHDPTDWLEKQKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt molybdenum Chemical compound [Co].[Co].[Mo] WHDPTDWLEKQKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001077660 Molo Species 0.000 description 1
- AFTDTIZUABOECB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Mo] Chemical compound [Co].[Mo] AFTDTIZUABOECB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005235 decoking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel tungsten Chemical compound [Ni].[W] MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G69/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process
- C10G69/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only
- C10G69/06—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2831/75A GB1537822A (en) | 1975-01-22 | 1975-01-22 | Process for the production of normally gaseous olefins |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5195001A JPS5195001A (en) | 1976-08-20 |
| JPS5857471B2 true JPS5857471B2 (ja) | 1983-12-20 |
Family
ID=9746768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP51004683A Expired JPS5857471B2 (ja) | 1975-01-22 | 1976-01-20 | 通常ガス状のオレフインの製法 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4065379A (OSRAM) |
| JP (1) | JPS5857471B2 (OSRAM) |
| BE (1) | BE837538A (OSRAM) |
| DE (1) | DE2601875C2 (OSRAM) |
| FR (1) | FR2298523A1 (OSRAM) |
| GB (1) | GB1537822A (OSRAM) |
| NL (1) | NL7600525A (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (57)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2380337A1 (fr) * | 1977-02-11 | 1978-09-08 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de vapocraquage de charges lourdes precede d'un hydrotraitement |
| FR2390493B1 (fr) * | 1977-05-12 | 1985-04-26 | Linde Ag | Procede de preparation d'olefines |
| US4181601A (en) * | 1977-06-17 | 1980-01-01 | The Lummus Company | Feed hydrotreating for improved thermal cracking |
| DE2806854C2 (de) * | 1978-02-17 | 1986-01-02 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren zum thermischen Spalten von Kohlenwasserstoffen zu Olefinen |
| US4166830A (en) * | 1978-06-21 | 1979-09-04 | Arand John K | Diacritic cracking of hydrocarbon feeds for selective production of ethylene and synthesis gas |
| JPS5930702A (ja) * | 1982-08-13 | 1984-02-18 | Toyo Eng Corp | 重質油の熱分解の方法 |
| US4615795A (en) * | 1984-10-09 | 1986-10-07 | Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation | Integrated heavy oil pyrolysis process |
| US4732740A (en) * | 1984-10-09 | 1988-03-22 | Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation | Integrated heavy oil pyrolysis process |
| DE3839799A1 (de) * | 1988-11-25 | 1990-07-05 | Rwe Entsorgung Ag | Verfahren zur aufarbeitung kontaminierter oele |
| US5045174A (en) * | 1990-03-21 | 1991-09-03 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for the production of heartcut distillate resin precursors |
| EP0697455B1 (en) | 1994-07-22 | 2001-09-19 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for producing a hydrowax |
| FR2725381B1 (fr) * | 1994-10-07 | 1996-12-13 | Eurecat Europ Retrait Catalys | Procede de pretraitement hors site d'un catalyseur de traitement d'hydrocarbures |
| US6210561B1 (en) * | 1996-08-15 | 2001-04-03 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Steam cracking of hydrotreated and hydrogenated hydrocarbon feeds |
| US6616909B1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2003-09-09 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method and apparatus for obtaining enhanced production rate of thermal chemical reactions |
| CA2467499C (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2012-07-17 | Nova Chemicals Corporation | Integrated process to convert heavy oils from oil sands to petrochemical feedstock |
| US8696888B2 (en) * | 2005-10-20 | 2014-04-15 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Hydrocarbon resid processing |
| CN101292013B (zh) * | 2005-10-20 | 2012-10-24 | 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 | 烃残油处理和减粘裂化蒸汽裂化器的原料 |
| KR100651418B1 (ko) | 2006-03-17 | 2006-11-30 | 에스케이 주식회사 | 고속유동층을 이용하여 탄화수소 원료로부터 경질 올레핀을제조하는 접촉분해 공정 |
| US20070284285A1 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-12-13 | Terence Mitchell Stepanik | Method of Upgrading a Heavy Oil Feedstock |
| US20080277314A1 (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2008-11-13 | Halsey Richard B | Olefin production utilizing whole crude oil/condensate feedstock and hydrotreating |
| US8882991B2 (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2014-11-11 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process and apparatus for cracking high boiling point hydrocarbon feedstock |
| US8361311B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2013-01-29 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Integrated vacuum resid to chemicals conversion process |
| US20110180456A1 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | Stephen Mark Davis | Integrated Process and System for Steam Cracking and Catalytic Hydrovisbreaking with Catalyst Recycle |
| WO2011090532A1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-07-28 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Integrated process and system for steam cracking and catalytic hydrovisbreaking with catalyst recycle |
| US8399729B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2013-03-19 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Integrated process for steam cracking |
| SG185809A1 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2013-01-30 | Exxonmobil Chem Patents Inc | Integrated vacuum resid to chemicals coversion process |
| WO2012005861A1 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Integrated process for steam cracking |
| US9284497B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2016-03-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated solvent deasphalting and steam pyrolysis process for direct processing of a crude oil |
| US9284502B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2016-03-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated solvent deasphalting, hydrotreating and steam pyrolysis process for direct processing of a crude oil |
| US9279088B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2016-03-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated hydrotreating and steam pyrolysis process including hydrogen redistribution for direct processing of a crude oil |
| KR102118616B1 (ko) * | 2012-01-27 | 2020-06-03 | 사우디 아라비안 오일 컴퍼니 | 원유의 직접 가공처리를 위한 통합된 수소처리 및 스팀 열분해 공정 |
| US9255230B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2016-02-09 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated hydrotreating and steam pyrolysis process for direct processing of a crude oil |
| US9296961B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2016-03-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated hydrotreating and steam pyrolysis process including residual bypass for direct processing of a crude oil |
| US9382486B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2016-07-05 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated hydrotreating, solvent deasphalting and steam pyrolysis process for direct processing of a crude oil |
| WO2013142623A1 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2013-09-26 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Steam cracking process and system with integral vapor-liquid separation |
| US9228139B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2016-01-05 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated hydroprocessing and steam pyrolysis of crude oil to produce light olefins and coke |
| US9284501B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2016-03-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated slurry hydroprocessing and steam pyrolysis of crude oil to produce petrochemicals |
| KR102148950B1 (ko) | 2012-03-20 | 2020-08-27 | 사우디 아라비안 오일 컴퍼니 | 원유로부터 석유화학제품을 생산하기 위한 통합된 수소화공정, 스팀 열분해 및 촉매 크래킹 방법 |
| US9228141B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2016-01-05 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Integrated hydroprocessing, steam pyrolysis and slurry hydroprocessing of crude oil to produce petrochemicals |
| ES2725609T3 (es) * | 2013-07-02 | 2019-09-25 | Saudi Basic Ind Corp | Proceso e instalación para la conversión de crudo en productos petroquímicos que tienen un rendimiento de etileno mejorado |
| US10487275B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2019-11-26 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating vacuum residue conditioning and base oil production |
| US10487276B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2019-11-26 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating vacuum residue hydroprocessing |
| US10472580B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2019-11-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating steam cracking and conversion of naphtha into chemical rich reformate |
| US10472579B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2019-11-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating vacuum gas oil hydrocracking and steam cracking |
| US10870807B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2020-12-22 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating steam cracking, fluid catalytic cracking, and conversion of naphtha into chemical rich reformate |
| US10407630B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2019-09-10 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating solvent deasphalting of vacuum residue |
| US10472574B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2019-11-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating delayed coking of vacuum residue |
| US20180142167A1 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to chemicals and fuel products integrating steam cracking and fluid catalytic cracking |
| US11066611B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2021-07-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | System for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating vacuum gas oil hydrotreating and steam cracking |
| US10619112B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2020-04-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process and system for conversion of crude oil to petrochemicals and fuel products integrating vacuum gas oil hydrotreating and steam cracking |
| CN109694299B (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2021-08-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 以芳烃抽余油为原料生产乙烯的方法 |
| US11274068B2 (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2022-03-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process for interconversion of olefins with modified beta zeolite |
| US11332678B2 (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2022-05-17 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Processing of paraffinic naphtha with modified USY zeolite dehydrogenation catalyst |
| US11420192B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2022-08-23 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrocracking catalysts containing rare earth containing post-modified USY zeolite, method for preparing hydrocracking catalysts, and methods for hydrocracking hydrocarbon oil with hydrocracking catalysts |
| US11154845B1 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2021-10-26 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrocracking catalysts containing USY and beta zeolites for hydrocarbon oil and method for hydrocracking hydrocarbon oil with hydrocracking catalysts |
| US11142703B1 (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2021-10-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Fluid catalytic cracking with catalyst system containing modified beta zeolite additive |
| US11618858B1 (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2023-04-04 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrodearylation catalysts for aromatic bottoms oil, method for producing hydrodearylation catalysts, and method for hydrodearylating aromatic bottoms oil with hydrodearylation catalysts |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2843530A (en) * | 1954-08-20 | 1958-07-15 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Residuum conversion process |
| US3324029A (en) * | 1963-09-23 | 1967-06-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for manufacture of heavy aromatic solvent |
| JPS4934527B1 (OSRAM) * | 1969-04-25 | 1974-09-14 | ||
| US3839484A (en) * | 1970-07-17 | 1974-10-01 | Marathon Oil Co | Pyrolyzing hydrocracked naphthas to produce unsaturated hydrocarbons |
| GB1361671A (en) * | 1971-01-06 | 1974-07-30 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process for the production of gaseous olefins from petroleum distillate feedstocks |
| GB1383229A (en) * | 1972-11-08 | 1975-02-05 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Production of gaseous olefins from petroleum residue feedstocks |
-
1975
- 1975-01-22 GB GB2831/75A patent/GB1537822A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-01-14 US US05/648,983 patent/US4065379A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1976-01-14 BE BE1007131A patent/BE837538A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-01-20 NL NL7600525A patent/NL7600525A/xx unknown
- 1976-01-20 DE DE2601875A patent/DE2601875C2/de not_active Expired
- 1976-01-20 FR FR7601379A patent/FR2298523A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-01-20 JP JP51004683A patent/JPS5857471B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2298523B1 (OSRAM) | 1980-04-18 |
| DE2601875A1 (de) | 1976-07-29 |
| NL7600525A (nl) | 1976-07-26 |
| JPS5195001A (en) | 1976-08-20 |
| DE2601875C2 (de) | 1986-10-09 |
| BE837538A (nl) | 1976-07-14 |
| FR2298523A1 (fr) | 1976-08-20 |
| GB1537822A (en) | 1979-01-04 |
| US4065379A (en) | 1977-12-27 |
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