JPS5855298Y2 - Feeding device for garbage, etc. - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention is designed to handle waste in high-pressure areas, such as devices that supply waste while sealing pyrolysis gas or incineration gas to the pressure side of pyrolysis furnaces and incinerators. It relates to a device that supplies things.

Conventionally, the most widely used feeding device of this type was a screw feeder in which a tapered part was formed and a screw was placed inside the casing, but it was extremely difficult to select the shape (compression ratio) of the taper part. Met.

Figure 1 shows the relationship between the compressive stress and the rate of change in volume for garbage. When the compressive stress exceeds a predetermined value, the rate of change in volume of the material to be handled remains almost constant, so it is difficult to increase the compressive stress by any amount. There are areas where the objects cannot be compressed even if the size is increased.

Therefore, if the shape of a portion of the taper is selected so as to increase the rate of change in volume, it will become impossible to feed out the material to be handled, resulting in overload of the drive source of the screw or damage to the device.

On the other hand, if the shape of a portion of the taper is selected so that the rate of change in volume is small, the compression of the material to be handled becomes insufficient and the amount of gas leakage increases, which is also not desirable.

In particular, when the object to be handled is garbage, its shape, composition, and properties are not uniform throughout, and the relationship between compressive stress and volume change rate shown in Figure 1 can also be expressed by a single curve. Rather, it becomes something with a range of possibilities.

Therefore, when a tapered screw feeder is used as a garbage feeding device, the shape of a portion of the taper must take all of the above-mentioned problems into consideration, making selection of the shape extremely difficult.

As a method of solving the above-mentioned drawbacks of the tapered screw feeder, it has been proposed to use a hydraulically or pneumatically operated cylinder instead of the screw, as in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 144274/1983.

However, this method is excellent from the point of view of protecting the equipment from overload, as the oil pressure or air pressure cannot become abnormally high, but it does not form a compressed layer of the material to be treated for gas sealing. For this reason, a part of the taper is provided as a compression part at a position facing the cylinder, similar to the taper screw feeder. Like the screw feeder, it was not satisfactory.

Furthermore, there is a feeder device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 48-99873 that does not use a fixed taper part.
In this feeder device, in order to form a compressed layer of the material to be treated, the exit opening of the screw conveyor, which has no tapered portion, has 1.
Ram heads that can be taken in and out are arranged opposite each other, and when feeding objects, the ram heads must be constantly pressed with considerable force.

Therefore, the ram head is subject to severe wear due to the objects being handled, and a seal cannot be guaranteed when the feeder is stopped.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional ones, suppresses the degree of compression of the object within a certain limit, prevents breakage without applying force anywhere, and prevents damage at any point in the forming section and filling section. It is an object of the present invention to provide a feeding device for garbage, etc., which accommodates a compressed body long enough to have a sufficient sealing effect and can always ensure a good sealing effect.

The present invention includes a receiving part that receives objects such as garbage under a certain pressure; a supply part that sends the material to a device with a higher pressure than the receiving part pressure; and a handling and equalizing body formed between the receiving part and the supply part. A forming section consisting of a compression piston for processing and a partition plate that is located in front of the compression piston and can be opened and closed; A filling section that transfers and fills the handling and homogenized compact;
The forming part and the filling part have substantially the same cross-sectional shape, and are partitioned by the partition plate and arranged in a straight line, and the handling uniformity formed between the compression piston and the partition plate in the forming part is The compressed body has a seal length sufficient as a material seal; the length of the filling part is not less than the seal length; and a crushing mechanism is provided facing the outlet end of the filling part. This is a garbage supply device that is characterized by:

To explain the present invention with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In FIG. 2, a receptacle for receiving objects such as garbage under atmospheric pressure has a piston 5 reciprocated by a hydraulic cylinder 10 under a hopper 7 in a receiving section. A forming part 1 is formed between the top of the piston 5 and the partition plate 2, which is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder 13, to form a compressed body for handling objects.

At the rear of the partition plate 2, a filling part 3 having approximately the same diameter as the forming part 1 is provided on the same straight line as the forming part 1, and a storage part 8 is provided.
Continuing to.

A crushing device 4 having a cutter 14 facing the end 12 of the filling part 3 and outside the end 12 is provided in the upper part of the storage part 8, and is driven by a motor 15.

At the bottom of the storage section 8, there is a supply section equipped with a supply device 6 such as a screw conveyor driven by a motor 16, which is connected to a furnace 11 such as an incinerator or a pyrolysis furnace, which is processing equipment for the next step.

The pressure in this furnace 11 is maintained higher than atmospheric pressure.

9 is a hydraulic device that operates hydraulic cylinders 10.13.

To explain the operation and effect of the embodiment configured in this way, the garbage put into the hopper 7 under atmospheric pressure reaches a predetermined compressed state within the cylindrical forming part 1 by the reciprocating movement of the piston 5. (At this time, the partition plate 2 is in a closed state).

The degree of compaction of waste can be arbitrarily determined by the pressure of the hydraulic device 9.

Next, the partition plate 2 is opened, the piston 5 is extended, and the formed compressed body is pushed out and moved into the filling section 3, and is filled while maintaining almost the same length.

Next, when the partition plate 2 is closed and the above-mentioned process is repeated, the compressed bodies in the filling section 3 are sent out one by one and reach the end 12, and the crushing device 4
After falling into the storage section 8, the crushed waste is sent to the furnace 11 by the crushed waste supply device 6.

There is a pressure difference of △ between the pressure at the receiving section of the supply device (atmospheric pressure in this embodiment) and the high-pressure device to which the waste, etc. is sent from the supply section, such as a pyrolysis furnace or incinerator 11. Due to this pressure difference Δ, material sealing is performed by the filling part 3 to prevent, for example, high-temperature harmful gas from the incinerator 11 from flowing backward and blowing out from the hopper 7 or the like.

This compressed body of waste for material sealing is formed by a partition plate 2 and a piston 5 in a forming section 1.

The degree of compression and the length of this compressed body are selected depending on the type or properties of the dirt, etc., so as to seal the pressure difference Δ2.

In this case, the compression degree and length of the compression body should be selected to be an arbitrary compression degree or length that can sufficiently seal the predetermined pressure difference Δ2 by adjusting the set pressure of the hydraulic device 9 and the stroke limit of the hydraulic cylinder 10. I can do it.

Therefore, there is no possibility of over or under compression or length.

Further, the forming part 1 and the filling part 3 are both cylindrical and have approximately the same cross-sectional area, so that no clogging occurs due to excessive compression of dirt in the middle, as in a tapered part.

Thus, in the forming portion 1, a compressed body having a degree of compression and a length sufficient to provide a sealing effect is formed as described above.

At that time, the compressed body formed in the previous stroke and having a degree of compression and a sealing length sufficient to provide a sufficient sealing effect is housed in the filling portion 3 having a length equal to or longer than the sealing length.

That is, compressed bodies having a sufficient sealing effect are housed in both the forming part 1 and the filling part 3, respectively.
- These two compression bodies act like a double valve.

That is, after the compressed body is formed in the forming part 1, when the partition plate 2 is opened, the first compressed body is accommodated in the filling part 3, the second compressed body is accommodated in the forming part 1, and the second compressed body is accommodated in the forming part 1. Both heavy valves are in a closed state.

Next, when the piston 5 is further advanced, the second compression body is pushed, and accordingly, the first compression body is also pushed out from the end portion 12 into the storage portion 8 .

At this time, the cutter 14 of the crushing device 4 performs crushing.

Therefore, the first compressed body gradually becomes shorter in length due to crushing and loses its sealing effect, and when the second compressed body is filled into the filling section 3, the first compressed body is completely gone. The resulting sealing effect is also completely eliminated.

However, both at that point and during the period up to that point, all of the second compressed body remains, so there is a sufficient sealing effect, and one of the double valves is open while the other is closed.

Next, the piston 5 moves back to close the partition plate 2, after which the hopper 7 receives new waste.

Even in this state, a sufficient sealing effect is obtained by the second compressed body accommodated in the filling portion 3.

Next, the piston 5 is moved forward again and a third piston is inserted between it and the partition plate 2.
form a compressed body.

In this way, compressed bodies are sequentially formed reliably within the space of the closed forming part 1 and are held as they are in the filling part 3, so that in any case, at least one unit of compressed bodies is always formed in the filling part 3. Since the high-pressure furnace is housed in the high-pressure furnace and has a sufficient sealing effect at all times, no backflow of high-temperature harmful gas will occur from the high-pressure furnace side even during the supply operation.

The crushing device 4 has the effect of once again dismantling the compressed material and further crushing it as necessary to make supply and subsequent processing more effective.

When a homogenized compressed body is formed by the piston 5, the reaction force is received by the partition plate 2, so that the compression reaction force is not applied to the crushing device 4.

Further, since the cutter 14 does not close the end portion 12, it is not subjected to excessive force.

Note that the same effect can be obtained even when the pressure in the receiving part is not atmospheric pressure.

With this invention, even when handling objects such as garbage whose shape, composition, and properties are not uniform, the forming pressure of the compressed body is suppressed within a certain limit to prevent damage to each part by preventing strain. At any point in the supply operation, a compressed body having a length long enough to have a sufficient sealing effect is always accommodated in the space consisting of the forming part and the filling part, and the compressed body is continuously A feeding device for garbage, etc. that performs reliable material sealing at all times, prevents damage due to compression reaction force and other excessive forces not being applied to the crushing mechanism when forming a compacted body, and does not cause blockages such as in a part of the taper. can be provided, which has an extremely large practical effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the compressed body added to the waste and the rate of change in volume, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A receiving section that receives objects such as garbage under a certain pressure; A supplying section that sends the material to a device with a higher pressure than the receiving section; Between the receiving section and the supplying section A forming part consisting of a compression piston for forming a handling and homogenizing body, and a partition plate located in front of the compression piston and which can be opened and closed; and a filling part for transporting and filling the handling and homogenizing body. The forming part and the filling part have substantially the same cross-sectional shape and are separated by the partition plate and arranged in a straight line, and the forming part is formed between the compression piston and the partition plate in the forming part. The handling homogenizing body has a seal length sufficient as a material seal; the length of the filling part is not less than the seal length; and a crushing mechanism is provided facing the outlet end of the filling part. A device for feeding garbage, etc., which is characterized by: 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the supply section includes a screw feeder.