JPS5854947B2 - Automatic assembly equipment for small parts - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a high-speed automatic assembly device for sequentially assembling small parts of electronic equipment, precision equipment, etc. to parent parts.

A first object of the present invention is to provide transistors and ICs.

A parent component that runs continuously on a conveyor when chip-shaped electronic components such as resistors and capacitors are placed or glued on predetermined locations on printed wiring boards, or when multiple gears are fitted onto the shaft of a crystal clock movement. By dropping the child parts at a predetermined position from a stationary position above at a predetermined timing, the conventional automatic assembly method, in which the table was stopped each time for assembly, can be sped up, and the table position control device can be The second purpose is to reduce equipment costs and improve assembly accuracy by eliminating the need for chucking of child parts by giving them an appropriate initial velocity and forcing them to fall. The purpose is to improve reliability by reducing errors in fall time due to variations in release timing and unstable posture.

The preemption of the present invention will be explained in detail below using examples.

FIG. 1 is an external view of the apparatus of the present invention, in which a conveyor 1 travels at a constant speed in the direction of arrow X, and a plurality of component dropping devices 2 are arranged above the conveyor 1 along the direction in which the conveyor travels.

Each component dropping device 2 is provided with a movable frame 3 that moves in the direction Y perpendicular to the conveyor 1 and in the vertical direction Z, and a cylindrical head 4 attached to the lower part of the movable frame 3. It can be replaced depending on the shape of part B.

Further, the pallet 5 mounted on the conveyor 1 can also be replaced according to the shape of the parent part A.

The parent component supply device 6 and finished product unloading device 7, which are arranged at the start and end ends of the conveyor, have the same structure as the component dropping device 2, and each pick up the parent component from the component supply device 8 and place it on a pallet. The finished products are supplied onto the pallet 5, or the finished products are suctioned from the top of the pallet 5 and taken out to the conveyor 9 for carrying out.

Figure 2 shows the case where a convex child part B is assembled to a concave parent part A, and shows the operation of the cylindrical head 4 of the component dropping device 2 in the order of A22B and H2. .

The head 4, which has sucked and held the child component B from the component supply device 8, moves in the Y direction in FIG. 1, stops at a predetermined position, and then begins to descend from the position shown in FIG. 2A.

The parent part A is being conveyed at a constant speed to the right in the figure, as indicated by the horizontal distance d between the two parts.

At this time, the inside of the head 4 is evacuated by a decompression pump 10, which will be described later, and arrows inside the head 4 indicate the flow of air.

When the head 4 stops at the position C after passing through the state shown in Figure 2, compressed air is introduced into the head 4 in the direction of the arrow, and the child part B is given a predetermined initial velocity and begins to fall. When the child component B reaches the upper surface of the parent component A, the concave and convex portions of both components fit together.

The head 4 then rises as shown in 2 and prepares for the next operation.

FIG. 3 shows a case where the child part B has a through hole 11. In such a case, there is a loss of air pressure, so when the area of the through hole 11 is large, the arm 1 is attached to the inner wall of the head 4.
What is necessary is to provide a shield 13 supported by 2.

Fig. 4 shows a cylindrical head 4 with a guide part 14 provided at the end thereof, and the guide part 14 slides into contact with the inner periphery of the child part B at the beginning of its fall, thereby stabilizing the falling posture. It is.

This guide portion 14 also functions as the shield 13 in FIG. 3.

15 is an elastic packing material.

In Fig. 5, instead of using compressed air, a mechanical ejector pin 16 is provided inside the head 4 that moves up and down relative to the head. During vacuum suction, the ejector pin 16 moves through the part B as shown in A. By blocking the hole 11, air pressure loss is prevented, and in the event of a forced fall, the ejector pin 16 is ejected while applying vacuum suction, as shown in the mouth.
Errors during unchucking can be significantly reduced.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic system diagram of the control mechanism section.

4A corresponds to the air switching system shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, in which the air is switched from the compressor 19 to the air cylinder 20 by the air cylinder solenoid valve 18 controlled by the control circuit 17, and the air is switched from the compressor 19 to the air cylinder 20. Drive up and down.

The head 4 is connected to the pressure reducing pump 10 via an on-off valve 21 and is connected to the compressor 1 via a solenoid valve 22 and a vacuum breaker valve 23 controlled by a control circuit section 17.
Compressed air is supplied from 9.

The valves 21 and 23 are operated by air pressure from the solenoid valve 22.

Figure 6 corresponds to the mechanical ejection type shown in Figure 5.
A solenoid 24 for driving the ejection pin is provided on the movable frame 3 which is driven up and down by an air cylinder 20, and this solenoid 24 is controlled by the control circuit section 17.

The solenoid valve 25 and the throttle valve 26 are used to appropriately reduce the vacuum suction force when the ejector pin operates, and are used when a small initial velocity is required depending on the part.

As described above, the present invention allows the parent part to run continuously without stopping at the assembly position of each child part, and the child parts are sequentially mounted by dropping the child parts from each part dropping device in a timely manner. It has the advantage of speeding up the process, and as shown in Figures 2 to 4, a cylindrical head for vacuum suctioning the child parts is provided on the part dropping device to chuck the child parts, and compressed air is sent to the cylindrical head. In the case of a device that releases chucking by using a chucking method, it is possible to improve assembly accuracy by giving an appropriate initial speed to the child parts and shortening the time required for dropping them. The compressed air pressure has the advantage of reducing the instability of the falling position due to variations in the adhesion between the air-tight gasket and the child parts, and it also allows the child parts to be chucked and unchucked by switching the air. This has the advantage of simplifying the internal structure of the head.

Furthermore, compared to the mechanical ejection method shown in FIG. 5, this method of forcibly dropping the child parts using compressed air is not limited by the shape or area of the ejector pin's abutting area.
This has the advantage that pressure can be applied evenly to the entire surface even if the upper surface of the child component has complex irregularities.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 5, if an ejector pin that moves up and down is provided in the cylindrical head to force it to fall,
It has the advantage of being able to set the initial speed with high precision.
It is particularly suitable for forced ejection of child parts with flat upper surfaces or parts that are strong within the thickness.

In this case, the chucking method is not limited to vacuum suction, but may also hold the peripheral part of the child part by friction, or if the child part is made of magnetic material, it is also possible to use electromagnets or permanent magnets to hold it by suction. .

Further, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, in which a guide portion is provided protruding from the lower end of the head to guide the child parts at the initial stage of falling, there is an advantage that the falling posture can be further stabilized.

In this case, the guide part is not limited to one that slides on the inner periphery of the child component as shown in Figure 4, but may also be one that slides on an appropriate location on the outer periphery if there is no through hole. If the part is circular, guide pins may be provided at three locations on the outer periphery; if the part is rectangular, guide pins may be provided at one location on each of the four sides.

In addition, when assembling electronic components onto a printed circuit board, cream solder is applied to predetermined areas in advance before the printed circuit board is moved horizontally on a conveyor. It is also possible to apply adhesive to a predetermined location on the adhesive and drop the child component onto it to dry and harden.In such a case, as in the present invention, it is possible to apply an appropriate initial velocity to the child component and force the adhesive to dry. Dropping has the advantage of improving adhesion with the adhesive and making the adhesive stronger.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing one embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
Figures A to 2 are sectional views of essential parts showing the operating state of the above, Figure 3 is a sectional view of essential parts showing the operating state of another embodiment, and Figure 4 is a sectional view of essential parts showing still another embodiment. FIG. 5A is a sectional view of main parts showing the operating state of another embodiment; FIG. 6A is a schematic system diagram of the control mechanism corresponding to FIGS. 2 to 4;
b is a schematic system diagram of the control mechanism section corresponding to FIG. 5; 1 is a conveyor, 2 is a parts dropping device, 3 is a movable frame, 4 is a cylindrical head, 5 is a pallet, 6 is a parent parts supply device, γ is a finished product delivery device, 8 is a parts supply device, 9 is a delivery conveyor , 10 is a vacuum pump, 11 is a through hole, 12 is an arm, 13
1 is a shielding body, 14 is a guide portion, 15 is an elastic packing material, 1
6 is an ejector pin, 17 is a control circuit section, 18 is a solenoid valve,
19 is a compressor, 20 is an air cylinder, 21 is an on-off valve, 22 is a solenoid valve, 23 is a vacuum breaking valve, 24 is a solenoid, 25 is a solenoid valve, 26 is a throttle valve, A is a parent part, and B is a child part. .

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A parent part is made to continuously travel horizontally on a conveyor, and a child part is dropped from a plurality of part dropping devices arranged along the traveling direction of the conveyor at a resting position above the conveyor. , in an automatic assembly device that sequentially attaches child parts to predetermined locations on a traveling parent part, the part dropping device is equipped with a cylindrical head for sucking the child parts, and the cylindrical head is connected to a vacuum pump and a compressor. An automatic assembly apparatus for small parts, characterized in that the child parts held by suction are given an appropriate initial velocity by compressed air from the compressor to force them to fall. 2. The automatic assembly apparatus for small parts as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that a guide portion is provided at the lower end of the cylindrical head to slide into sliding contact with the outer circumference or inner circumference of the child part at the initial stage of falling. . 3 The parent part is made to run continuously in the horizontal direction on a conveyor, and the child parts are dropped from a plurality of part dropping devices arranged along the traveling direction of the conveyor at a stationary position above the conveyor, and the parent part is moved. In an automatic assembly device that sequentially assembles child parts at predetermined locations, the part dropping device has a cylindrical head that holds the child parts by vacuum suction, magnetic adsorption, or frictional engagement, and a cylindrical head that moves up and down inside the cylindrical head. 1. An automatic assembly device for small parts, characterized in that the ejector pin provides an appropriate initial velocity to a child part and forces it to fall. 4. Claim 3, characterized in that the device is equipped with a coating device that applies adhesive to a predetermined location of the parent component in advance, and the child component is forcibly dropped onto the predetermined location to adhere the child component to the parent component. automatic assembly equipment for small parts.