JPS5853400B2 - Shasyuhanbetsu system - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to a vehicle type discrimination system.

Automating toll collection operations on toll roads is a technical issue that must be solved as soon as possible, but among the various problems that must be solved for this purpose, one of the difficult ones is the problem of vehicle type identification. .

There are many possible parameters for determining vehicle types, including those introduced for political reasons.

If we focus on the shape of the vehicle, we can consider vehicle height, vehicle width, vehicle length, floor area, number of axles, distance between axles, distance between wheels, floor height, etc. From a policy perspective, we can consider the weight on the axles, Possible factors include the purpose of use of the vehicle, noise, and exhaust gas.

Among these parameters, the shape parameters that have a strong correlation with the "vehicle type" are the vehicle width, the number of axles, the floor height, etc., and the other parameters can be said to have a poor correlation with the "vehicle type."

Among the parameters, it is possible to distinguish between freight vehicles with a loading capacity of 5 tons or more and those with a loading capacity of 5 tons or less depending on vehicle width.

The group weighing less than 5 tons includes light vehicles, small vehicles, regular vehicles, and microbuses.

The vehicle width can be measured using, for example, a Lift 1/Kuta type ultrasonic level meter.

Furthermore, the number of axles indirectly corresponds to the length of the vehicle, and this makes it possible to distinguish between oversized vehicles and special vehicles.

The number of axles can be determined, for example, with a photoelectric switch.

When considering the floor height in relation to the floor shape, there is a clear difference between passenger cars, lorries, buses, etc. By relating the floor height and floor shape, it is possible to can be determined.

The floor height in relation to the floor shape can be determined by analog signal processing using two loop detectors.

It is difficult to separate vehicles when measuring noise, and measuring exhaust gas and the like takes a long time depending on current technology.

Although it is technically possible to incorporate axle weight and purpose of use into vehicle type discrimination parameters, there are still issues that need to be considered from a comprehensive perspective, such as cost and operational aspects.

This invention was made by considering the above-mentioned problems and comprehensively examining vehicle type discrimination parameters and technical possibilities. An object of the present invention is to provide a system that discriminates a vehicle type using a floor height associated with a floor shape as a parameter.

According to this invention, (a) Passenger vehicles (b) Freight vehicles (loading capacity of 5 tons or less) ←→ Large vehicles (vehicles with two axles and a load capacity of 5 tons or more, and vehicles with three axles) ) 2) Oversized vehicles (4 axles or more) (a) Buses It is possible to distinguish between 05 types of vehicles, and among buses, route buses can be distinguished from sightseeing buses by requiring them to carry credit cards.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes first and second vehicle separation detectors, an axle counting detector for detecting the number of axles, a memory circuit for storing the number of axles, and two types of large and small vehicles. Vehicle detection loop, vehicle width detector, and determination means for determining the vehicle type based on the outputs of the first and second vehicle separation detectors, the memory of the memory circuit, the output of the vehicle detection loop, and the output of the vehicle width detector. and, by means of discrimination means, it is possible to distinguish between extra-large cars, large-sized cars,
Detects freight cars, buses, and passenger cars whose loading capacity is less than a predetermined value.

An embodiment illustrating the present invention will be described in detail below.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the arrangement of each detector used in this invention, where 1 and 1' are both ends of the road,
2, 2 is a first vehicle separation detector, 3° 3 and 4, 4 are second and third vehicle separation detectors, respectively, 5, 5 are vehicle width measurement detectors, 6 is a similar loop, and 7 is a long vehicle separation detector. Loop, 8, 8 is an axle counting detector, and 9 is a ticket issuing machine.

The distances between separate detectors 2 and 3 and between 2 and 4 are 7.
8 meters and 12 meters, the distance between the separation detector 2 and the vehicle width measurement detector 5 is 3 meters, and the loop 6 has a width of 2 meters.
．． 5 meters, length 0.75 meters, loop 7 is width 2
, 5 meters and length 12 meters.

Each of the vehicle separation detectors 2, 3, and 4 is a photoelectric switch composed of a plurality of appropriately arranged light emitters and light receivers. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, 13, and 14, and corresponding light receivers 11', 12', and 13'.

14' are arranged in the vertical direction, and even if the shape of the vehicle 15 in the vertical direction is partially different, the vehicle 15 can
, 11' to 14, 14', the light receiving output of at least one light receiver of these sets is not present, and the light receiving output of at least one light receiver of all the light receivers is present. When the state changes from a state in which there is no light receiving output to a state in which light receiving outputs from all light receivers are present, it is determined that the vehicle has passed through the positions of these projectors and light receivers.

For this purpose, a vehicle detection signal is output when there is no light reception output from at least one light receiver.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the axle counting detector 8 has a plurality of light emitters 21 to 25 disposed at positions corresponding to the shape of the wheels 26, and a light receiver is connected to each of the light emitters 21 to 2, respectively.
5, the light receiving output of all the light receivers becomes zero only when the wheels 26 pass the positions of these light emitters and light receivers, but when other parts of the vehicle 27 pass, the light output of the light emitter 2
Even if one or more of 1 to 25 are blocked from the projected light beam, all of them are not blocked at the same time, so that the light receiving outputs of all the receivers are not simultaneously reduced to zero; Therefore, when the light receiving outputs of all the light receivers become zero, one wheel, and thus one wheel, is detected.

The vehicle width measurement detector 5 includes ultrasonic vehicle detectors 5゜5 arranged on both sides of the road, each of which uses a reflector 55' to project ultrasonic waves in a direction perpendicular to the roadway, until the reflected ultrasonic waves return. Measure the distance between the reflector and each surface of the vehicle depending on the time, and calculate the sum of these two distances from the reflector 5' and 5 M.
The width of the vehicle is detected by subtracting it from the distance.

If the short loop 6 and long loop 1 have the above dimensions, as shown in Fig. 4 A2, when a truck, bus, or passenger car exists in each loop, the shape of each floor surface and The inductance change rate differs depending on the value related to the floor height.

However, the vertical axis of Figure 4 A shows the distribution. For example, as shown in Figure 4 A, with a single roof at °6, when a track exists, the inductance change rate becomes the value shown in A. The number of tracks like this is α2% of the total, A3 or A
When the value shown in 4 is α1%, and the value shown in A or A2 is 0%, and the track exists in a single loop 6, there is no variation in the inductance change rate of the loop 6 depending on the type of track. Even if there is, it is known that it is within the range of values shown in A1 and A2.

Similarly, when the bus exists in the loop 6, the inductance change rate is within a certain range, and this range is clearly distinguished from the range of the inductance change rate when the track exists in the loop 6.

FIG. 5 shows a circuit for determining the type of vehicle based on the rate of change in inductance.

In FIG. 5, the outputs of the loops 6.7 are each connected to a detector 31.32, where they are amplified and each input to a threshold circuit 33.34.

The output of threshold circuit 3334 is input to logic circuit 35.

The threshold values of each threshold circuit 33 and 340 are set to T1 in FIG. By setting the value corresponding to the value shown in T2, that is, the value amplified by the detectors 31 and 32, the threshold circuit 33 outputs rOJ whenever a track exists on the loop 6.

When a passenger car exists, it outputs "1", and when a bus exists, it outputs FIJ or rOJ.

Further, the threshold circuit 34 outputs rOJ whenever a truck or a passenger car exists on the loop 7, outputs "1" when a bus exists, and outputs "1" when a passenger car exists, and "l" for some of the passenger cars. " is output.

Therefore, the combinations of inputs to the logic circuit 350 are as shown in the table below.

As can be seen from the above table, the outputs P, Q, R, and S are obtained by inputting the logic circuit 35, and trucks can be identified by the output P, and buses and passenger cars can be identified by the outputs Q and R, respectively. can.

However, if the output S is low, it cannot be determined whether the vehicle is a bus or a passenger car, but in this case, the vehicle length determination circuit can determine this.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of the present invention, and in FIG. 6, the same elements as in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.

The vehicle separation detectors 2, 3, and 4 each generate detection signals a, b, and c during vehicle detection, and these signals are sent to the vehicle length determination circuit 4.
1, and the differentiating circuits 42 and 43, respectively.
．． Join 44.

Differential outputs of the differentiating circuits 42 to 44 are used as step signals for five-ary ring counters 45, 46, and 47.

The count values (step values) of the counters 45 to 47 are decoded by decoders 48, 49, and 50, respectively, and the vehicle length determination circuit 4
1 is input.

An output L1 corresponding to a vehicle length of 12 meters and an output L2 corresponding to a vehicle length of 7.8 meters from the determination circuit 41 are input to a vehicle type determination circuit 51.

The vehicle type discrimination circuit 51 is a type of discrimination means, and is composed of a logic matrix circuit.

The output of the vehicle width detector 5 is input to a vehicle width measurement circuit 52, and the output of the measurement circuit 52 is input to a discrimination circuit 51.

Outputs indicating the rate of change in inductance of the short loop 6 and long loop 7 are provided by sensors 31 and 32 and threshold circuits 33 and 34 (not shown in FIG. 6), as shown in FIG.

) to the logic circuit 35, and the output of the logic circuit 35 (P in FIG. 5).

Q, R, S) are input to the discrimination circuit 51.

The output of the axle count detector 8 is input to a differentiation circuit 530,
The output of the differentiating circuit 53 is input to a three-person AND circuit 54.

The output of the AND circuit 54 is input to a quaternary counter 55.

The other two inputs of the AND circuit 54 are the detection output C of the detector 4.
and the output of the inverter 56 are applied.

The output of the counter 55 indicating a count value of 3 is passed through an AND circuit 57 to the D input of T-type flip-flops 58, 60, 62, 64, and 66, and the output of the counter 55 indicating a count value of 4 is input to the inverter 56. and the D of T-type flip-flops 59, 6L63, 65 and 6γ
It is considered as input.

Flip-flops 58 to 67 are examples of storage circuits for storing the number of axles, and their respective Q outputs are input to one side of AND circuits 68 to 77, respectively.

The detection output C of the detector 4 is input to a falling differentiation circuit 78, and the differential output CD of the differentiation circuit 78 is delayed by a delay circuit 79 and is used as a reset input to the counter 55.

1.2.3.4.5 of each of decoders 48 to 50
Hail output a.

7 al j a2 + a3 ja4' bO)
bl5 b25 b37 b4 and CQ j cl
3c22 C32C4.

The AND of the differential output CII of the differentiating circuit 78 and each output of the decoder 50 is calculated as C"cm=clo1c"cl=c11, C
"c2=c12, C"C3=c13,C" C4=C
If it is 14, a□ to a4, bo to b4,
cm to C4 are each input to the vehicle length determination circuit 41, cl□ is the T input to flip-flops 58 and 59, and similarly c1□.

C12, C13, C14 are each flip-flop 6
0 and 61: 62 and 63; 64 and 65; 66 and 67 are input.

a□ to a4 are also AND circuits 68 and 69, respectively;
The inputs are 70 and 71; 72 and 73; 74 and 75; 76 and 77.

Note that the output of the vehicle type discrimination circuit 51 is input to the pass ticket issuing machine 9.

Next, the operation of the apparatus shown in FIG. 6 will be explained.

Vehicle separation detectors 2, 3, and 4 produce detection outputs a, b, and c while each detecting a vehicle, and these outputs are input to a vehicle length determination circuit 41, and are also input to a differentiating circuit 4, respectively.
2, 43, and 44, the differentiating circuits 42 to 44 also provide differential outputs a' and b', respectively.

C' is output to increment counters 45 to 41, respectively, and the increment values are decoded by decoders 48 to 50 and applied to vehicle length determination circuit 41.

When the detectors 2.3 and 4 respectively detect the first vehicle, the outputs of the decoders 48 to 50 are ao and b, respectively.
When o and co become "1" and the second or lower vehicle is detected, the outputs of the decoders 48 to 50 are a1,
a2 j ・・・・' bl t b2t ”””
+ cl tc2. . . . becomes 111.

Referring to FIG. 1, when the first vehicle is detected by the detector 4, the output C of the detector 40 becomes 1'', and therefore the output of C8 of the decoder 50 becomes 1''.

Then, when this vehicle is detected by the detector 3, the output is output from the decoder 49.

becomes "1" and this vehicle is further detected by the detector 2, its output a and the output a of the decoder 48.

becomes N I II.

Output a and a. If the outputs C and C6 are 61'' when C becomes 1'', this means that when this vehicle is detected by detector 2, it is also detected by detector 4, and the vehicle The length is over 12 meters.

Therefore a, aQ. c and cO are simultaneously ff I
II, the circuit 41 determines that the vehicle length at that time is 12 meters or more, outputs a signal L1, and applies it to the circuit 51.

Further, when this vehicle is detected by the detector 2, the output of the detector 3 and the output of the decoder 49 are output.

If is "l II" and either the output C of the detector 2 or the output of the decoder C8 is not "1", then
At this time, the length of the vehicle is 12 meters or less, and the vehicle length is 7.8 meters or less.
meters or more.

That is, a, a□, b. bo is all 1''
This means that the vehicle is simultaneously detected by the detector 2゜3, and the length of the vehicle is at least 7.8 meters.For example, if C is 0'', then this vehicle is This means that the vehicle has passed the position of detector 4, so the length of the vehicle is less than 12 meters.
Further, even if C is "1", if C8 is "OII", the detector 4 finishes detecting the first vehicle and then detects the second vehicle, so that the counter 4γ is incremented and the decoder 5
Since an output of 0 indicates that cl has become 1'' and cm has become 0'', it means that the length of the first vehicle was 12 meters or less.

In this case, the circuit 41 determines that the vehicle length is 7.8 meters or more and 12 meters or less, and outputs a signal L2 to be applied to the circuit 51.

Based on the same theory, the detector 2 detects the first vehicle and a and a.

becomes 1'', either b or bo becomes n
If it were not 1 n, this means that when this vehicle was detected by detector 2, it would have passed the position of detector 3, and its length would have been 7.8 meters or less.

In this case, no signal is output from the circuit 41.

The circuit 51 determines that the vehicle length is 7.8 meters or less when neither of the signals Ll j and L2 is output from the circuit 41.

Next, the axle separation detector 8 will be explained.

The counter 55 is reset each time one vehicle passes the position of the detector 4 by the differential output C'' output from the differential circuit 78 when the detection output C of the detector 4 becomes nOn.

The differential output c11 is delayed for a short time by a delay circuit 79 and is applied to the counter 55 as a reset input.

After the counter 55 is reset, the output of the inverter 56 is "1" until the counted value reaches 4, and this output "1" is input to the AND circuit 54.

Also, when the detector 4 detects a vehicle, its output C is l+1
is input to the AND circuit 54 as follows.

When the axle counting detector 8 detects the axle in this state and generates a detection output, the differential output is output from the differentiating circuit 53 and is applied to the AND circuit 54, so that the output of the AND circuit 54 becomes ``1''''
become.

A counter 55 counts each time the output of the AND circuit becomes 1''.

The output of the AND circuit 57 does not become "1" until the count value of the counter 55 reaches 2, and when the count value reaches 3, the output of the AND circuit 57 becomes 1".

At this time, flip-flop 58,60°62.64,6
The D input of No. 6 is set to "1".

Further, when the count value of the counter 55 reaches 4, the output indicating the count value 4 becomes n111, and the flip 70 knob 59.
The 0 manual power of 6L63, 65, 67 is changed to "l?1", and at the same time the output of the inverter 56 becomes "O"' and the counter 5
No signal is inputted to the counter 55. 3 Also, when the vehicle finishes passing the position of the detector 4, its output C becomes f'011, so that no signal is applied to the counter 55.

On the other hand, before this vehicle passes the position of the detector 2, the vehicle width measurement circuit 52 calculates the vehicle width based on the detection output of the vehicle width measurement detector 5 and inputs the value to the circuit 51, and also short loop 6. The inductance change rate of long loop 7 is the logic circuit 3
5, and the logic circuit 35 inputs a logic output (p to S) to the circuit 51 based on these rates of change.

When the first vehicle has passed the position of the detector 2, the signal c
1g is applied to the T inputs of the 7 flip-flops 58 and 59, and the signals at the D inputs of both flip-flops 58 and 59 at this time are read out to the Q outputs.

At this time, if the number of axles is 3, the Q output of the flip-flop 58 will be "1", and if it is 4, the Q output of the 7-lip-flop 59 will be "1".

If the number of axles is 2 or less, flip-flop 58,
59, the Q output remains 011.

When this vehicle comes to the position of detector 2 a.

becomes 1'', so the flip-flop 58 or 59
If the Q output of the AND circuit 68 or 69 becomes 1'', the signal L4 or
However, if the Q outputs of both flip-flops 58 and 59 are O'', neither signals L4 nor L5 are applied to the circuit 51.

Signal c1g"1" is signal a. The above operation remains the same even if it is issued earlier or later.

In addition, the signal ell is applied to the second and subsequent vehicles. c12.
... become N and I+, respectively, so that flip-flops 60, 61; 62, 63; ...
The state of the D input of ... is read out to each Q output,
Signal a1. When a2... becomes l', the AND circuit 70 or 71; 72 or 73
signal L4 or L5 according to the output of ;...
is input to the circuit 51.

Note that the vehicle width measurement circuit 52 generates a signal L3 when the vehicle width corresponds to a vehicle with a loading capacity of 5 tons or more.
No signal will be issued if the vehicle is for a vehicle weighing less than 5 tons.

1. In the above explanation. - It is assumed that the signals L1 to L5 and P to S are input to the discrimination circuit 51, but in reality, at the time of input, the vehicle is detected by the detector 2, and the detection output a becomes ``I+''. When the detection output aIJ"-"1" is detected, the discrimination circuit 51
The gates of are opened, and signals L1 to L5 and P to S are input to the discrimination circuit 51.

The discrimination circuit 51 detects an oversized vehicle using the signal L1 or L5, detects a large vehicle using the signal L3 or L4, and detects a portion of a truck or a one-note passenger vehicle using the signals P, Q, and R, respectively. , buses and passenger cars are detected based on the presence or absence of signal L2 and signal S, and trucks that are not large vehicles are treated as freight vehicles whose loading capacity is less than a predetermined value. A signal indicating the determined vehicle type is sent to the driver, and the issuing machine 9 issues a ticket corresponding to the designated vehicle type.

The outputs of counters 45 to 47 and therefore decoder 4
The output of 8 to 50 is a by the detection of the next vehicle every time 5 vehicles are detected.

, bo, co, flip-flops 58 to 67
, AND circuits 68 to 77 also repeat their operations sequentially from flip-flops 58 and 59 and AND circuits 68 and 69, respectively, when the next vehicle is detected after five vehicles have been detected.

The counter 55 for counting the number of axles is reset after a short delay each time one vehicle passes the detector 4, and is counted again when the next vehicle is detected by the detector 4. is started, and the count value is changed to flip-flops 58 to 6 each time the vehicle passes the position of the detector 4.
1, and each time the vehicle is detected by the detector 2, it is output from the AND circuits 68 to 77 and input to the discrimination circuit 51.

Therefore, regardless of the length of the vehicle or the number of axles, even if the vehicle continues to run, the axles are always counted reliably.

However, if the number of axles is 2 or less, the signal is sent to the discrimination circuit 51.
is not entered.

As explained above, in the present invention, a first vehicle separation detector 2 disposed at a predetermined position and a predetermined distance from the first vehicle separation detector 2 that is longer than the length of a passenger car and shorter than the length of a bus are provided. a second vehicle separation detector 3 placed at a distance of , and an axle counting detector 8 for detecting the number of axles.
, memory circuits 58 to 67 that store the number of axles based on the output of the axle count detector 8, and threshold values T1 and T2 at which the rate of change in inductance due to passing vehicles is constant.
Two types of vehicle detection loops 6.7, large and small, are provided to determine whether the vehicle width is larger or smaller than a certain threshold value, and a vehicle width measurement detection loop is provided to determine whether the vehicle width is larger or smaller than a certain threshold value. 5, the output of the first and second vehicle separation detectors 2 and 3, the memory of the memory circuits 58 to 67, the output of the vehicle detection loop 6.7, and the output of the vehicle width measurement detector 5. Discrimination means 51 for discriminating the vehicle type based on the vehicle type is provided.

Then, the discrimination means 51 includes the memory circuits 58 to 67.
Based on the memory of the vehicle detection loop 6.1, an oversized vehicle with four or more axles and a large vehicle with three axles are respectively detected, and based on the output of the vehicle detection loop 6.1, a portion of a bus, a portion of a passenger car, and a truck are detected. Based on the output of the vehicle width measurement detector 5, the identified trucks are detected separately into large vehicles and freight vehicles whose loading capacity is less than a predetermined value, and some of the buses and passenger vehicles are detected. For the remaining buses and passenger cars that cannot be identified except for a part, the buses and passenger cars are detected based on the outputs of the first and second vehicle separation detectors depending on whether the distance is longer or shorter than the predetermined distance. It is composed of

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to identify oversized vehicles, large vehicles, freight cars whose loading capacity is less than a predetermined value, buses, and passenger cars.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a layout diagram of each detector used in this invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing one example of the vehicle separation detector in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is an example of the axle counting detector in Figure 1. A schematic diagram showing an example; FIG. 4 is an operational characteristic diagram of the short loop and long loop shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of a vehicle type discrimination circuit using a loop; FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2.3, 4...Vehicle separation detector, 5...
・Vehicle width measurement detector, 6...Short loop, 1...
...Long loop, 8...Axle counting detector, 41
. . . Vehicle length determination circuit, 51 . . . Logic matrix circuit for vehicle type determination, 55 . ... Axle counter, 52 ... Vehicle width measurement circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 a first vehicle separation detector 2 disposed at a predetermined position;
A second vehicle separation detector 3 is arranged at a predetermined distance from the first vehicle separation detector 2, which is longer than the length of a passenger car and shorter than the length of a bus, and an axle counter for detecting the number of axles. The detector 8, the memory circuits 58 to 67 that store the number of axles based on the output of the axle count detector 8, and the threshold value T1. Two types of vehicle detection loops 6.7, large and small, are provided to determine whether the vehicle width is larger or smaller than T2, and a vehicle width measurement device is provided to determine whether the vehicle width is larger or smaller than a certain threshold value. The outputs of the detector 5 and the first and second vehicle separation detectors 2 and 3; the memory of the memory circuits 58 to 67; the output of the vehicle detection loop 6.7; and the output of the vehicle width measurement detector 5. Discrimination means 51 for discriminating the vehicle type based on
The determining means 51 has the memory circuits 58 to 6.
Based on the memory of step 7, oversized vehicles with four or more axles and large vehicles with three axles are respectively detected, and based on the output of vehicle detection loop 6.7, some buses, some passenger cars, and trucks are detected. Based on the output of the vehicle width measurement detector 5, the trucks that have been identified are detected as large vehicles and freight vehicles whose loading capacity is less than a predetermined value, and a portion of the bus and a portion of the passenger car are detected. Based on the outputs of the first and second vehicle separation detectors, the bus and the remaining passenger cars that could not be identified are detected depending on whether the distance is longer or shorter than the predetermined distance. A vehicle type identification system that features: