JPS5851946A - Powder sorting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a powder sorting device that pulverizes a mixture containing two or more types of powder particles having different components and selectively extracts only a specific component.

This type of equipment is used, for example, for refining ores or refining powder raw materials. Flotation and magnetic selection methods have been put into practical use. However, the magnetic separation method is not effective in sorting out substances with small differences in magnetic properties, and the single selection/flotation method is a wet method, which has the drawback of requiring dewatering and treatment of sludge contained in the wastewater.

Therefore, the present invention aims to eliminate the drawbacks of conventional devices and provide a dry device that is capable of pulverizing a mixture containing two or more types of powder particles with different components and at the same time selectively extracting only a specific component. purpose.

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be explained in detail based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram of a coal preparation process showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In Figure 1, 1 is a crusher that crushes raw coal to a size of several centimeters or less, 2 is a hopper that stores the crushed pure coal, and 3 is a pulverized powder that simultaneously crushes the pure coal supplied from hopper 2. 4 is a solid-gas separator consisting of a cyclone, etc.; 5 is an electrostatic separator;
indicates a prowa.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnetic crushing unit 3 includes a container 32 made of a non-magnetic material, moving magnetic field generators arranged opposite to each other with the container 32 in between, and containers 31A and 31B housed in the containers 32 and separated by a partition plate 37. It consists of a steel ball or steel rod that is prevented from eroding. Moving magnetic field generator 3] A, 31
B consists of three-phase AC windings, and the directions of the respective moving magnetic fields are set to be opposite to each other as shown by arrows A and B. The steel rod 33 housed in the container 32 receives a thrust in the moving direction of the moving magnetic field, and at the same time, the moving magnetic field generators 31A, 31B
receives an attractive force in the direction of the magnetic pole. Due to this, the steel rod 33 moves violently and randomly within the container 32. This movement will be explained using FIG. In FIG. 3, only steel rods having a rod-like shape are shown in order to facilitate the movement of the steel rod 33. The steel rods 33 housed in the container 32 are affected by different moving magnetic fields depending on their location and orientation. For example, the steel rod 331 located close to the moving magnetic field generator 31A and parallel to its magnetic pole face 311J is It receives a thrust force in the moving direction of the moving magnetic field (arrow A) and at the same time receives an attractive force from the magnetic pole surface 311 of the moving magnetic field generator 31A. Since this steel rod 331 is parallel to the magnetic pole surface 311, each part of the steel rod 311 is located on an equipotential surface with equal magnetic flux density.
Therefore, the steel rod 331 is attracted toward the magnetic pole face 311 and violently collides with the wall of the container 32. Moving magnetic field generator 31
Steel rod 33 located perpendicular to the magnetic pole face 311 of A
2 receives a thrust in the moving direction A of the moving magnetic field under the action of the moving magnetic field, but the thrust that this steel bar 332 receives decreases in magnetic flux density as it moves away from the magnetic pole face 311, so the magnetic pole of the steel bar 332 At a point a1 close to the surface 311 and a point a2 far from the surface 311, the point a1 receives a larger thrust than the point a2. Therefore, the steel rod 322 performs a rotational movement in the direction of arrow C with the center of its mass "m" as the rotation axis.
334 rotates in the direction of arrow d under the action of each moving magnetic field. 8 of the container 32 of such a steel rod 33
The steel rods 33 crush the pure coal 35 supplied into the container from the pure coal inlet 34 by colliding with a wall, rotating the steel rods 33, or colliding with each other.

As mentioned above, the steel rod 33 collides with pure coal, so by coating the surface of the steel rod with an appropriate material, the pure coal is pulverized at the same time as the non-carbonaceous and mud/soft components (hereinafter referred to as (referred to as carbonaceous material) can be given charges of opposite polarity to each other. For example, when the surface of a steel rod is coated with copper, the outside of the carbonaceous material is positively charged, and the main components outside the carbonaceous material, such as crystalline/amorphous coal and aluminum oxide, are extremely strongly charged with a negative polarity, and the outside of the carbonaceous material, such as kaolinite, is charged with a negative polarity. The components are also slightly negatively charged. These crushed and charged powders and granules consisting of carbonaceous and ash components 1 are formed into powder particles of, for example, 100 μm or less by the upward flow of nonflammable gas flowing from the nonflammable gas population 36 at the bottom of the container through the partition plate 37. Only the particles 35A are classified and sent out from the powder outlet 38.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, raw coal is crushed into pieces of pure coal of several centimeters or less by a crusher 1 and temporarily stored in a hopper 2. The pure coal supplied from the hopper 2 to the electromagnetic pulverizer 3 is pulverized by the electromagnetic pulverizer 3 into the carbonaceous part and the carbonaceous part, and at the same time, the carbonaceous part is charged to a positive polarity and the non-charcoal part to a negative polarity. Then, the granular material crushed and charged by the electromagnetic crusher 5-3 is separated from non-flammable gas by a solid-gas separator 4 such as a cyclone, the non-flammable gas is returned to the blower 6, and the granular material is electrostatically separated. Part 5 is introduced.

In principle, the electrostatic separation section 5 consists of two parallel plate electrodes 51A, 51B arranged in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. A DC electric field E of approximately 0.8 to 2.5 KV/- is applied between the electrodes by a DC power source 55, and the powder and granules supplied from one point are simultaneously sedimented by gravity and accelerated by the electric field. That is, the negatively charged non-carbonaceous particles are accelerated in the direction of the anode 51B.

The positively charged carbonaceous particles collected on the anode 51B (arrow P3) and on the carbonaceous outer hopper 54 (arrow P1) of the collection box 56 are transferred to the cathode 51A (arrow P4) and the collection box 5.
6 is collected in the outer carbonaceous hopper 52 (arrow P1). The uncharged powder flows into the hopper 53. Uncharged powder particles are mainly mixed particles of non-carbonaceous and non-carbonaceous materials, or non-carbonaceous particles that are not electrically charged by the electromagnetic pulverizer. Both electrodes 51
The powder and granules collected in A and 51B were collected by another wave (not shown).

6- Scraped by hopper 52.54. The separated powder particles collected in the collection box 56 of the electrostatic separator 5 are
The powder in the carbonaceous hopper 54 is used as refined coal, the powder in the carbonaceous hopper 52 is used as raw material for cement or aggregate, and the ash-rich coal in the hopper 53 is used, for example, as fuel for a cement kiln.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a coal cleaning process for increasing the removal rate of carbonaceous matter. In the figure, the same parts as those shown in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals. The feeder 7 guides the powder containing a large amount of material in the hopper 54 of the collection box 56 of the electrostatic separation section 5 to the charging device 8, and is configured by, for example, a combination of an electromagnetic vibration feeder and an ejector. It is. The charging device 8 is configured as shown in FIG. 6, and a fluid 83 is suspended above a grounded container 81 divided by a partition plate 82. 87 is a fluid supply port. Feeder 7
The powder transported from the container is introduced from the powder/fluid port 85 at the bottom of the container, and is supplied to the flow chamber 88 via the rectification chamber 84.

In the flow chamber 88, the fluid and the powder repeatedly collide, and the powder becomes triboelectrically charged. The charged powder or granular material is transported to the electrostatic separation unit 5 via the solid-gas separator 4 from the powder/fluid outlet 86 at the top of the container. In this case, the fluid is made of a material different from the copper body coating material of the electromagnetic crushing section 3, for example, if the copper body coating is copper,
The deashing rate can be increased by selecting a material such as a fluororesin so that the less charged incoming material can be better charged in the electromagnetic crushing section 3.

As a result of operation using the apparatus shown in Figure 1, refined coal with a carbonaceous content of 8% and a heat recovery rate of 90% was obtained for raw coal with a carbonaceous content of 30 cm. As a result of operation, it was possible to obtain a carbonaceous content of 5% and a heat recovery rate of 97%.

Although we have only explained the refining of coal above, it is also possible to refine and extract only specific components from a mixture containing two or more types of powder particles with different components, such as refining ores, refining powder catalysts, and N-made powder chemicals. It can be applied to equipment that uses Furthermore, instead of the moving magnetic field generating device disposed facing each other with the container sandwiched therebetween as the magnetic powder frame portion, a container having a cylindrical shape and a rotary start generating device provided around the outer periphery of the cylindrical container may be used.

4. According to the present invention explained above, a dry electromagnetic pulverizer is used to pulverize and simultaneously charge a mixture of different components, and to perform separation and sorting using an electrostatic field, thereby providing the following advantages. . That is, (1) Since water is not used during the processing of powder and granular materials, there is no generation of sludge, and there is no environmental pollution caused by incoming materials. In addition, post-processing of dehydrating and drying the product is no longer necessary, making it possible to simplify the system and reduce processing costs.

(2) Since the purified product has already been pulverized, the process of pulverizing the purified product is not necessary when using the product.

(3) Since electrostatic electricity is used for separation and sorting, it is possible to perform high-precision separation, including those with small differences in specific gravity and those with small differences in magnetic properties.

(4) Charging can be achieved by appropriately selecting coating materials for the copper body and the fluid depending on the type of mixture to be sorted.

It has the advantage of

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a coal selection process diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram of an electromagnetic pulverizer, Fig. 3 is an explanation of the operation of the electromagnetic pulverizer, and Fig. 4 is a diagram of the principle of the electrostatic separator. , FIG. 5 is a coal selection process diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a charging device. 3; iiE'l1Ii crushing section, 31A, 31B; moving magnetic field generator, 32: container, 33; copper body, 5; electrostatic separation section, 51A/51B; flat electrode. Idento, 7 years old Yamaguchi O - 10 years old 1 figure 1''z figure 4 T3 Ki34 years old 4 figure 7'5 figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A device that separates and sorts a mixture of two or more different components into specific components, which consists of a container containing a large number of copper bodies and an electromagnetic field generator placed close to the container. It has an electromagnetic pulverizer that pulverizes the mixture by the movement of the copper body and at the same time triboelectrically charges the pulverized powder by collision with the copper body, and a pair of electrodes to which a DC voltage is applied, and between these electrodes the electromagnetic A powder sorting device comprising an electrostatic separation section that separates crushed and charged powder particles supplied from a crushing section according to their charging polarity.