JPS5851776B2 - Forging machine for workpieces - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to automatic forging machines for progressively forming stock, and more particularly to transfer mechanisms for such machines.

Various types of forging machines are provided for progressively forming parts at multiple die locations.

In hot forging machines, heated blanks are fed to a die press of the machine and then sequentially to a plurality of die stations that progressively form the blanks into the desired shape.

One type of transfer mechanism for a forging machine is described in US Pat. No. 2,124,113.

The present invention provides a transfer mechanism that includes a slide bed movable along the die pressing surface and supporting a plurality of gripping fingers.

The slide bed is timed by the movement of the forging ram toward and away from the die section and is moved between the working sections, and the material gripping fingers are moved by cams that respond to the movement of the ram toward the die section. be opened.

Although such a transfer mechanism is suitable for use in a multi-die cold forming machine, it is not completely satisfactory for transferring workpieces between die sections in a multi-die hot forming machine. The reason is that the transport mechanism is scaled at the die.
This is because they are subject to harmful effects before heating and cooling.

Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a transfer mechanism that can be used in a multi-die hot forming machine that does not include mechanisms that are directly related to the surface of the die press.

Such a transfer mechanism is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,736,909 and includes two substantially orthogonally bent nippers fixed to a pair of shafts positioned on opposite sides of the plane of the die presto and parallel thereto. It includes the arm.

The shafts are rotated in opposite directions and the nippers
The nipper arms are moved toward and away from each other so that the arms grip the material in the free space in front of the die, and the shafts are then moved lengthwise along their axes to force the material into one die section. to another dice department.

The shaft is positioned relatively far from the plane of the die presto, so that the arc through which the workpiece gripping end of the nipper arm passes does not intersect the cooperating bottom die when the shaft is rotated. .

This arrangement places a relatively large torsional load on the shaft.

However, more importantly, the workpiece gripping ends of the nippers pass through an arc, so that the header has a more sliding movement or a longer length to create the gap for the arcuate path as described above. Requires the use of narrower die cooperating tools or both.

The present invention provides for the drive linkage to be separate from the surface of the die presto and not in operative relation thereto;
The present invention relates to an improved transfer mechanism that minimizes the harmful effects of heat, coolant, and scale on the drive mechanism.

While achieving these objects, the present invention also provides a transport method in which co-moving workpiece gripping fingers move toward and away from the workpiece in a substantially planar manner so as to narrow the distance between co-moving dies. It provides a mechanism.

More specifically, the transfer mechanism of the present invention extends in an arc around parallel shafts positioned on opposite sides of the die site proximate to the plane of the die plate and parallel to and spaced apart from the plane of the die presto. It includes moving first and second transfer arms.

Each transfer arm supports a workpiece gripper having finger end portions that cooperate with each other to grip the workpiece at their respective die locations as they are brought toward each other.

The transfer arm has an arcuate shape, and the end portion of one finger of the gripper for the workpiece is passed through a path approximately parallel to the plane of the die/presto, so that the co-moving tool and the die are closely spaced. Instructions are provided to help you.

Because the transfer arm is positioned close to the plane of the die presto, no significant torsional loads are placed on the transfer arm.

When the bottom die is withdrawn, the fingers are driven toward and away from the workpiece in time with the reciprocating movement of the cooperating die members so that the workpiece is gripped.

The transfer arm is axially reciprocated so that a workpiece picked up at one die section is transferred by the gripping member to the next adjacent die section.

This action occurs due to the timing of the cooperating dies to transport the workpiece as the bottom dies are pulled apart.

According to one important aspect of the invention, the mechanism for activating the transfer arm is accommodated in the die area so that the bearings and oil are as free from contamination as possible from the harmful effects of heat, pre-cooling and scale. Almost insulated from presto.

A scissor arrangement is provided which causes each transfer arm to move in an arc in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the other arm.

This scissor device includes parallel shafts around which the transfer arms are moved in an arc and a linkage between the transfer arms associated with each shaft.

The linkage is pivotally connected to the shaft and rotatably supports the transfer arms so that each transfer arm can move in an arc. I am made to guide you.

The transfer arm is still slidably supported at the end of the linkage for axial movement as the workpiece is gripped and transferred to the next die station.

According to another aspect of the invention, the finger end portions of one of the transfer arms are spring loaded to be pulled apart upon engagement with a workpiece.

By allowing the finger end portions to engage elastically with the workpiece, slight variations in the shape of the workpiece can be accommodated.

Since this finger end portion is spring-loaded, if the finger end portions gripping the workpiece are simultaneously released, the workpiece tends to be driven away from the spring-loaded finger end portion. Workpieces may be improperly lined up at the die.

Therefore, the scissor mechanism according to the invention is such that the spring-loaded finger end portions are released before the other cooperating finger end portions are released, so that the workpiece is not spring-loaded. When the finger end portion is released, it is supported by the released finger end portion.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the illustrated hot forging machine is suitable for sequentially transferring workpieces, such as nuts, from one die section of the machine to the next adjacent die section.

As will be explained in detail later, the transfer mechanism is operated by the forging machine in conjunction with the activation and timing of the forging die.

The transfer arm mechanism 10 according to the present invention comprises a housing 1 to which a plurality of protruding arms 12, 13, 14, 15 are attached.
1 is included.

A fixed shaft 16 is rigidly connected between arms 12 and 13, and a similarly fixed shaft 17 is connected to arms 14.
15 and are connected parallel to the shaft 16.

A pair of parallel transfer arms 18.19 connect shaft 16.1
7 and are mounted to move in an arc around these shafts.

The support device for moving the transfer arm in this arc includes a hollow sleeve 20a rotatably supported on the shaft 16 and a bushing 22 that supports the transfer arm 18 for pivoting and sliding movement. two arms 21
It consists of a first bell crank 20 having a.

A second bellcrank 23 has a hollow sleeve 23a rotatably mounted on the shaft 17 and an arm 24 supporting the transfer arm 19 in a pivoting and sliding manner on the bushing 25.

The other arms 26, 27 of the bell cranks 20, 23 are each connected to one another at a connection 28.

The transfer arms 18 and 19 also have sleeves 20a and 23.
Links 29 integral with a and each extending from it
It is supported by ゜30.

The link 29 is pivotably and slidably supported at its distal end on the transfer arm 18, and similarly the link 30 is pivotably and slidably supported on the transfer arm 19 at its distal end. There is.

One end of each of the transfer arms 18,19 supports a device for gripping the workpiece at one die location and transferring it to the next die location.

The device consists of a first gripper assembly 31 fixed to the end of transfer arm 18 and a cooperating second gripper assembly 49 fixed to the end of transfer arm 19.

The gripper assembly 31 consists of a block 32 in combination with protruding portions 33,34.

The pins 35 and 36 on each finger are pivot pins 3.
7 is pivotally connected to the projecting portions 33 and 34.

The finger tips 35 and 36 are attached to one end of the finger end portion 38.
39 are provided, and the finger pins 35, 36 supporting these end portions are loaded together by a mechanism shown in detail in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 2, the other ends of the finger pincers 35, 36 are pulled apart from each other by a compression spring 40 surrounding a guide bolt 41.

Each guide bolt 41 and its associated compression spring 4
0 refers to the passage 42 provided in each of the protruding portions 33 and 34.
A respective guide bolt 41 extending through the finger pins 41 is slidably received in the finger pins 35,36 such that a respective spring 40 urges the upper ends of the finger pins 35,36 apart from each other.

A locking nut 43 is provided at the end of each guide bolt 41 to limit inward movement of the end portions 38,39.
is the provision.

The outward movement of the end portions 38,39 causes the protruding portions 33
．． 34 by a stopper bolt 44 adapted to engage 34.

The gripper assembly 49 includes a plate 5 having two pairs of protruding finger grips 51, 52 fixed to the transfer arm 19.
Contains 0.

A pair of end portions 53 are fixed to the finger pincer 51, and a pair of end portions 54 are similarly fixed to the finger pincer 52.

End portions 38° 39.53, 54 as shown
is designed to grip a hexagonal nut material.

However, it should be understood that the indicator and this end portion can be modified to grip other differently shaped objects.

Gripper assemblies 31, 32 are moved toward and away from each other to grip and release workpieces at the die site.

As previously mentioned, the transfer arm 18.19 moves in an arcuate path about the axis of the shaft 16.17, while the end portions 38, 39, 53, 54 of the fingers are connected to the die presto 60. guided in a plane approximately parallel to the plane.

The transfer arm 18 , 19 is moved in an arcuate path by a connecting frame 61 which is pivotally connected to the extension of the bell crank 20 .

The connecting frame 61 is driven by a suitable cam (not shown) to time the opening and closing movements of the forging die.

When the die is opened, the connecting frame 61 is moved downwardly as viewed in FIG.
．． 39 is advanced toward the workpiece positioned at die locations A and H.

The transfer arm 19 is also moved in an arc around the shaft 17 so that the connection 2 is moved between the bell cranks 20,23.
8, so that the pointing end portions 53, 54 are advanced toward the workpiece positioned at die locations A and B.

Move the workpiece positioned at die part A to die part B.
After transferring the workpiece from the die section to the die section C at the same time as explained later, the connecting frame 61
is moved upwards as viewed from FIG. 1 to release the workpiece before working with the next die.

Since the connecting frame 61 is cam actuated, it is preferred to provide a spring loaded rod 62 which is pivotally connected at one end to the bell crank 20.23 and at the other end to the housing 11.

The rod 62 biases the transfer arm and gripper toward the workpiece such that the connecting frame 61 remains engaged with its cam.

The end portions 38, 39, 53, 54 of the fingers are guided in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the die presto 60 by a finger guide assembly 65.

Each guide assembly 65 has one end connected to the transfer arm 18.
It includes an arm 66.67 which is fixed at .degree. 19 and whose other end is pivotally connected to a guide block 68.69.

Guide blocks 68, 69 are connected to adjacent parallel plates 70, 71
．． 72 and is slidably housed therein.

The plates 70, 71, 72 have their guide surfaces parallel to the plane of the die presto 60 and guide blocks 68, 69.
The housing 11 is tightened by a device (not shown) so that the housing 11 is guided on a plane close to the plane of the die presto 60.
Fixed.

As the transfer arms 18.19 move in an arc about the shaft 16.17, the finger guide assembly 65 rotates the transfer arms 18.19 about their axes in opposite directions to move the end portions of the fingers. It will be appreciated that the die presto 60 moves in a substantially straight path parallel to the plane of the die presto 60.

The movement of the end portions of the fingers can be understood with reference to FIG.

In Figure 3, gripper assembly! The solid line positions of J31 and 49 indicate a state in which the workpiece is engaged, and the chain line positions indicate a state in which they are separated from the workpiece.

As the gripper assembly moves from the workpiece engagement position to the workpiece release position, the transfer arm
7, respectively, and are pivoted counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively, by drawing arcs of 80° and 81.

If the transfer arm pivots in this arc, it will be offset by an amount equal to the distance, and if the end portions of the fingers were not guided as described above, the ends of these fingers would be offset. The section is also offset a further distance from the plane of the die presto 60, requiring modifications to the forging tool, die or ladder slide, or both, to provide the necessary clearance.

However, when the transfer arms 18,19 are moved in arcs 80,81 counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively, the transfer arms 18,19 are caused to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise, respectively, by the guide assembly 65. The end portions of the fingers are moved substantially flat in line with the surface of the die presto.

It should be noted that the transfer arms 18, 19 are positioned relatively close to the plane in order to limit torsional loads and gripper deflections.

As previously mentioned, the end portions 38 and 39 of the fingers are biased toward each other to accommodate differences in the workpiece.

Before opening the end portions 38, 39 of the fingers, in order to limit the possibility that the end portions 38, 39 of the fingers spring together and thereby limit the displacement of the workpiece when the workpiece is released. A mechanism is provided to slightly delay the opening of the finger end portions 53, 54 so that they support the workpiece.

This is done by using the connecting portion 28.

As can be seen quite clearly by referring to Figure 4,
Connection 28 includes a block 90 pivotally connected to the end of arm 27 and housed within a U-shaped end portion 91 of arm 26.

When the end portions of the fingers are away from the workpiece, the block 90 engages the stop block 92 face-to-face.

When the end portions 53,54 of the fingers engage the workpiece and at the same time the arm 27 contacts the fixed stop X, the bellcrank 20 is moved such that a space S is formed between the blocks 92 and 90. It is caused to move slightly relative to the bell crank 23.

Due to the existence of this space S, the transfer arm 18°19
When releasing from the workpiece, the bellcrank arm 20 of the bellcrank arms 20.23 moves first by 38 minutes of the spar, and then the bellcrank arm 20.23 moves together. The end portions 38, 39 associated with arm 20 are released from the workpiece before the end portions 53, 54 associated with arm 23.

After the end portions of the fingers engage the workpiece at die locations A and B, the workpiece at die location A is conveyed to die location B, and at the same time, the workpiece at die location B is transferred to the workpiece as described below. It is transported to the die section C by the mechanism described in .

After the end portions 38, 39, 53, 54 of the fingers have engaged the workpiece, the gear rack 100 returns to the die station A, B after the end portions have closed and these end portions have returned to the die locations A, B. After being opened, the rack 100 is driven in the axial direction by a suitable cam or the like in conjunction with the movement of the rod 61 and timing.

Gear rack 100 is in driving engagement with a spur gear 101 mounted on a shaft 102 at right angles thereto.

A pair of crank arms 1 are provided at both ends of the shaft 102.
03, 104 are fixed.

A pair of connecting rods 105 and 106 are aligned with a bearing 101°1
08 to the crank arms 103 and 104, respectively, in a pivoting manner.

The other end of each connecting rod 105, 106 is connected to a transfer arm 18° 19 by a centering bearing 109, 110, respectively.
It is connected to the.

In order to properly position the end portions of the fingers relative to the die part, the connecting rods 105, 106 are split and the joint 1
It can be screwed in at 11°112.

Crank arms 103, 104 connect to rods 105, 10
6 into the position shown in phantom in FIG. 1, the transfer arm 18,19 is axially retracted so that the end portion of the finger transfers the workpiece to the adjacent die location.

The end portions of the fingers are then opened as described above to release the workpiece at the adjacent die site.

It should be appreciated that the centering bearings 107, 108, 109, 110 allow the arms 18, 19 to move in an arc relative to the crank arms 103, 104.

Also, while the arms 18 and 19 are moving in the axial direction, the block 6
It should also be recognized that 8, 69 slide axially along plates 70, 71, 72.

After the end portions of the fingers have been opened, the rack 100 is advanced by reversing the direction of motion to advance the transfer arm axially to the position shown in solid lines in FIG.

The end portions of the fingers are then closed and the transfer operation is repeated.

It will be appreciated that the opening, closing, retraction and advancement of one of the finger end portions 54 is indicated by an arrow in FIGS. 1 and 2, and that the other end portion also follows a similar path. There is a need.

To provide access to the die face 60 for maintenance or repair, the block 32 and its associated mechanism are capable of swinging away from the die face.

This can be achieved by providing a hinge connection 115 between the block 32 and the transfer arm 18.

These members are connected to the bolt 116 (FIG. 3) during operation of the transfer mechanism.
are held together by the

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above,
It should be understood that various changes may be made to the parts of this embodiment without departing from the principles of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the transfer mechanism of the present invention, partially cut away and partially omitted for clarity. FIG. 2 is a partial top view of the end portion of the finger of the transfer arm showing the path of movement of the end portion of the finger across the die presto with a portion cut away to clearly show some structure; FIG. 3 is an end view of the transfer arm and the associated end portions of the fingers, illustrating the movement of the end portions of the fingers toward and away from each other; FIG. 4 is a partial view of the scissor mechanism for actuating the transfer arm and the guide mechanism for the end portions of the fingers, taken along line 4--4 of FIG. 10... Transfer assembly, 18, 19...
...Transfer arm, 26, 27...Finger end guide device, 29°30...Transfer arm support device, 3
1.49・Pa...Gripping device, 60...Dice brace 1161...Transfer arm, 105,
106°

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A forging device comprising a die prest having a plurality of laterally spaced die parts, and a transfer assembly for gradually transferring a workpiece laterally between the die parts, A transfer assembly includes a pair of transfer arms pivotally mounted for arcuate movement about mutually parallel axes spaced parallel from the die site, and a pair of transfer arms pivoted about mutually parallel axes spaced apart from the die site; a drive means carried and supported on each of said transfer arms adjacent said die presto, and when said transfer arms are driven toward each other; workpiece gripping means having finger end portions for gripping the workpiece at each die location; means for laterally moving the gripping means between adjacent die locations; and a guide for guiding the finger end portion substantially parallel to the die prestress during the movement.