JP7302118B2 - Transfer device - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transfer device provided in a forging machine for inverting and conveying a work.

2. Description of the Related Art A forging machine that uses a punch and a die to forge a work is known. A typical forging machine uses a transfer device for transporting a workpiece from an upstream process position to a downstream process position. The transfer device grips a workpiece with a gripping portion and reciprocates the gripping portion between an upstream process position and a downstream process position. Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose technical examples of this type of transfer device.

The reversing transfer device of Patent Document 1 includes a reversing transfer section that conveys a gripping section from an upstream process position to a downstream process position by half-rotation, a support section that rotatably supports the reversal transfer section, and a support section. A position adjusting section for adjusting the position and a reversing driving section for driving rotation of the reversing transfer section are provided. According to this, even if the length of the workpiece changes in any of the plurality of forging processes, the position adjusting section can be adjusted so that the gripping section grips the center of the workpiece in each forging process. Operation is stabilized.

In addition, the press working transfer unit of Patent Document 2 includes a movable table that can reciprocate in the work transfer direction, and chuck claws that are attached to the movable table so that they can be opened and closed. It is configured to rotate by a certain angle in conjunction with movement to. According to this, the work can be rotated by 90° or 180° and conveyed, and is said to have a wide range of applications.

JP 2019-25499 A JP-A-63-260636

By the way, the semi-rotation type transfer device exemplified in Patent Document 1 has a large number of components, a complicated configuration, and a large weight and a large inertial force. For this reason, it has been difficult to operate the half-rotation drive type transfer device at high speed. Still, it had the advantage of being able to relatively easily switch between reversing and non-reversing the workpiece. On the other hand, a parallel movement type (linear type) transfer device has a simple structure and is capable of high-speed operation, but it is difficult to reversely convey a work.

On the other hand, the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 is capable of reversing and conveying a work, although it is of a parallel movement type. However, for reverse conveyance of workpieces, there is a first gear that rotates 90° in the upstream process, a rack that operates in the conveying direction by the first gear, a second gear that interlocks with the rack, and a second gear that engages with the second gear. A pinion gear that rotates 180° was required, and the structure was extremely complicated. Furthermore, in the translation type transfer device, when the workpiece and the gripper are rotated, there is a risk of interference with the dies.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the background art, and the object of the present invention is to provide a transfer device capable of reversing and conveying a work without greatly complicating the configuration of the parallel movement type. Make it an issue.

A transfer device of the present invention is provided in a forging machine for forging a work using a punch and a die, and is a transfer device for inverting the work in an upstream process position and conveying it to a downstream process position, wherein the work is Driven by a gripping cassette having a gripping portion to be gripped and a main drive source for driving the punch, linearly moving in a conveying direction connecting the upstream process position and the downstream process position, and supporting the gripping cassette so as to rotate on its axis. A transfer member to be conveyed, a rack gear provided along the conveying direction, provided on the gripping cassette and meshing with the rack gear, and rotates 180° around the rotation center together with the gripping cassette conveyed by the transfer member. and a pinion gear driven by the main drive source to move the gripping portion and the workpiece away from the die before the transfer member starts linear movement from the upstream process position to complete the operation of preventing interference, an interference prevention mechanism for starting an operation of bringing the gripper and the workpiece closer to the die after the transfer member reaches the downstream process position.

In the transfer device of the present invention, the combination of the rack gear and the pinion gear reversely transports the gripping cassette on the linearly moving transfer member. Therefore, the work can be reversely conveyed without greatly complicating the parallel movement type configuration of the transfer device. Further, when the gripping portion and the workpiece are reversely conveyed, they are kept away from the dies by the interference prevention mechanism, so interference with the dies is reliably prevented.

1 is a plan view schematically showing the overall configuration of a multi-process forging machine; FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of a transfer device according to an embodiment; FIG. It is a side view which shows the structure of a transfer apparatus. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the configuration of the lower portion of the gripping cassette; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a state immediately before the interference prevention mechanism starts operating at the upstream process position and immediately after the work is pushed out; FIG. 11 is a plan cross-sectional view showing an enlarged cross-section of another finger; FIG. 11 is a plan cross-sectional view showing a finger corresponding to a large die separation;

The configuration of the transfer device 1 of the embodiment will be described together with the overall configuration of the multi-process forging machine 10 . FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing the overall configuration of a multi-process forging machine 10. As shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of the transfer device of the embodiment. Further, FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the transfer device 1. As shown in FIG.

The multi-process forging machine 10 is composed of a frame 21, a ram 24, five sets of punches 26 and dies 23, a transfer device 1, a driving section 9, and the like. The multi-process forging machine 10 has a first forging process P1, a second forging process P2, a third forging process P3, a fourth forging process P4, and a fifth forging process P5, which are configured by five sets of punches 26 and dies 23. , the workpiece is sequentially subjected to forging. The multi-stage forging machine 10 is a horizontal forging machine in which the punches 26 operate horizontally. The left-right direction in FIG. 1 is the front-rear direction of the multi-process forging machine 10, and the direction from top to bottom in FIG. 1 is the work conveying direction. In this specification, the term "process" represents work such as processing, and also represents the position at which the work is performed.

The frame 21 is a housing for arranging each part, and is made of iron and formed robustly. Five die holders 22 are arranged side by side on the frame 21 . Five sets of dies 23 are replaceably attached to the rear side of each die holder 22 . A predetermined working die is formed behind each die 23 . The ram 24 is generally rectangular in plan view and reciprocates in the front-rear direction. Five punch holders 25 are provided side by side on the front side of the ram 24 . Five punches 26 are replaceably attached to the front side of each punch holder 25 . A predetermined working die is formed on the front side of each punch 26 . Each punch 26 reciprocates with ram 24 . In the first to fifth forging steps (P1 to P5), the punch 26 and the die 23 are arranged facing each other.

The multi-process forging machine 10 includes a cutting process C1 on the upstream side of the first forging process P1. The cutting process C1 is provided with a movable cutter, a wire feeding mechanism, a pusher mechanism, and the like (not shown). The movable cutter is ring-shaped, and a long wire is inserted therein by the wire feeding mechanism. After that, the movable cutter operates in the radial direction of the long wire and cuts the long wire between itself and the fixed blade. As a result, a cylindrical workpiece having a predetermined size is produced. A pusher mechanism pushes the workpiece out of the movable cutter. Examples of the work material include aluminum, iron, and various alloys.

The transfer device 1 is arranged from above to behind the die holder 22 . The transfer device 1 has six gripping cassettes 3 for gripping workpieces. The most upstream first gripping cassette 3 grips the workpiece in the cutting process C1 and conveys it to the first forging process P1. The second to fifth gripping cassettes 3 grip workpieces in the upstream forging process and convey them to the downstream forging process. The most downstream sixth gripping cassette 3 grips the workpiece in the fifth forging process P5 and conveys it to the discharging process E1.

A drive 9 is provided for driving the ram 24 back and forth. The drive unit 9 is composed of a main drive source 91, various transmission mechanisms, cam mechanisms, and the like. The main drive source 91 can be, for example, an induction motor or a synchronous motor operating on a three-phase AC power supply. The drive unit 9 drives the transfer device 1 and the cutting process together. The driving force of the main drive source 91 is input to the crankshaft 95 that drives the ram 24 via the flywheel 92 , the disc brake 93 and the speed reduction mechanism 94 . Further, the driving force is branched and transmitted from the crankshaft 95 to the side shaft 97 via the pair of branched gears 96 .

The side shaft 97 bifurcates and transmits the driving force. The branched driving force drives the transfer cam 98 to rotate. A transfer cam 98 drives the transfer device 1 . In addition, six open-close cams 9A are connected so as to be rotationally driven from the side shaft 97 via the transfer drive 99 . The open/close cam 9A opens and closes an open/close type gripper (described later).

Further, the side shaft 97 is provided with a cutter cam 9B, and is connected to a pusher cam 9C, a feed cam 9D, a feed roller 9E, five knockout cams 9F, and two interference prevention cams 9G. A cutter cam 9B, a pusher cam 9C, a feed cam 9D and a feed roller 9E drive the cutting process. The knockout cams 9F are arranged at equal intervals in the width direction, and drive knockout pins (not shown) in the first to fifth forging processes. The interference prevention cam 9G is part of an interference prevention mechanism 7, which will be described later.

Now we turn to a detailed description of the transfer device 1 . FIG. 2 shows the positions of the cutting process C1, the first to fifth forging processes (P1 to P5), and the discharging process E1, which are arranged at the same separation distance D in the conveying direction. The transfer device 1 reverses the front and back of a work to be carried into at least one process. The transfer device 1 includes six gripping cassettes 3, a transfer member 4, a rack gear 5, a pinion gear 6 provided on each gripping cassette 3, an interference prevention mechanism 7, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the transfer member 4 is a member that is long in the conveying direction and short in the front-rear direction. At the rear side of the transfer member 4, six holders 45 are arranged at intervals of the separation distance D. As shown in FIG. Each holding body 45 has a cylindrical holding tube 46 extending in the vertical direction on the rear side. As shown in FIG. 3, the holding tube 46 holds the gripping cassette 3 inside so as to be able to rotate.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing the configuration of the lower portion of the gripping cassette 3. As shown in FIG. The gripping cassette 3 is composed of a cassette main body 31, a gripping portion 32, and the like. The cassette main body 31 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is held inside the holding cylinder 46 so as to be rotatable. A grip portion 32 is provided on the lower side of the cassette body 31 . A normally closed type is employed for the grip portion 32 .

As shown in FIG. 4, the normally closed type gripper 32 has a pair of fingers 33 for gripping a workpiece. A pair of fingers 33 has recesses 34 in contact with the workpiece at the inner lower portions facing each other. Two connecting screws 35 are provided through the upper portions of the pair of fingers 33 . The tip of the connecting screw 35 is fastened by a set screw 37 . A coil-shaped biasing spring 38 is inserted between the head 36 of the connecting screw 35 and one finger 33 . A biasing spring 38 always biases the pair of fingers 33 in the closing direction. Thereby, the work is inserted between the recesses 34 against the biasing spring 38 and is stably gripped.

It should be noted that the grasping portion 32 may have a configuration other than the normally closed type described above. For example, it may be an open/close type grip that has a pair of fingers that open and close. The opening/closing type gripping portion is driven to open/close from the open/close cam 9A via an opening/closing mechanism (not shown). In this embodiment, the normally closed type gripping portion 32 can be replaced with an opening/closing type gripping portion. The open-close cam 9A and opening/closing mechanism are not used for the normally closed type gripper 32 .

A pinion gear 6 is provided on the outer circumference of the cassette body 31 below the holding cylinder 46 . The pinion gear 6 is fixed to the cassette body 31 and rotates integrally. The pinion gear 6 and the gripping cassette 3 have the same center of rotation. A rack gear 5 is provided so as to mesh with the pinion gear 6 . The rack gear 5 is supported on a support shaft 9J (described later) by a rack support member 51, and is driven to swing by a second drive lever 74 (described later). The rack gear 5 extends in the transport direction (the front and back directions of the paper surface of FIG. 3) and meshes with a total of six pinion gears 6 provided on each gripping cassette 3 .

The pinion gear 6 may be provided on the cassette main body 31 via a clutch mechanism (not shown). The clutch mechanism corresponds to the rotation interrupter of the present invention. Rotation of the pinion gear 6 is transmitted to the gripping cassette 3 when the clutch mechanism is engaged. Thereby, the work is reversed and conveyed. Further, in the disengaged state of the clutch mechanism, the gripping cassette 3 is held by the holding tube 46 so as not to rotate. Then, even if the pinion gear 6 rotates, the gripping cassette 3 does not rotate. Thereby, the work is conveyed in a non-inverted state.

As shown in FIG. 2, on the front side of the transfer member 4, the intermediate portion 41 is recessed, and the left portion 42 and the right portion 43 protrude relative to each other. As members for supporting the transfer member 4, two support members 9H, a support shaft 9J, and a swing drive shaft 9K are provided. The two support members 9H are arranged on both left and right sides of the transfer member 4 and extend in the front-rear direction. A fitting hole 9H1 is formed near the front side of the support member 9H, and a loose fitting hole 9H2 is formed near the rear side of the support member 9H.

The support shaft 9J is a round bar-shaped shaft extending in the transport direction. Both ends of the support shaft 9J are fixed by being fitted into the fitting holes 9H1 of the left and right support members 9H. The support shaft 9J passes through the front left portion 42 and right portion 43 of the transfer member 4 . The swing drive shaft 9K is also a round bar-shaped shaft extending in the transport direction. A reduced diameter portion 9L having a small outer diameter is formed at both ends of the swing drive shaft 9K. The diameter-reduced portion 9L passes through the loose fitting hole 9H2 of the support member 9H with a gap therebetween. The distal end of the diameter-reduced portion 9L is held by a second drive lever 74, which will be described later. The swing drive shaft 9K passes through the transfer member 4 near the rear side. Thereby, the transfer member 4 is supported by the support shaft 9J and the swing drive shaft 9K. Also, the transfer member 4 is supported so as to be swingable around the support shaft 9J.

The transfer drive member 47 is coupled to the left side surface of the transfer member 4 . The transfer driving member 47 is driven by the transfer cam 98 to reciprocate the transfer member 4 in the conveying direction by a stroke length corresponding to the separation distance D between steps. As a result, the transfer member 4 reciprocates linearly between the upstream process position and the downstream process position. In FIG. 2, the transfer member 4 is located in the range from the cutting process C1 to the fifth forging process P5, in other words, it is located in the upstream process position. When the transfer member 4 moves from the first forging process P1 to the discharging process E1 indicated by the dashed line, it means that the transfer member 4 has moved to the downstream process position.

The interference prevention mechanism 7 is composed of the interference prevention cam 9G, the first drive lever 72, the link member 73, the second drive lever 74, the rocking drive shaft 9K, and the like. As shown in FIG. 3, the first drive lever 72 is a bent-shaped lever having a first arm 721 and a second arm 722 . A central portion 723 between the first arm 721 and the second arm 722 is swingably supported by the frame 21 . One side surface of the first arm 721 is a cam follower 724 that comes into sliding contact with the interference prevention cam 9G. A link portion 725 is provided near the tip of the second arm 722 . The link member 73 is a plate material arranged substantially horizontally in the front-rear direction, and is movable in the front-rear direction. One end 731 of the link member 73 is connected to the link portion 725 of the first drive lever 72 .

The second drive lever 74 is a generally L-shaped lever having a first arm 741 and a second arm 742 . A central portion 743 between the first arm 741 and the second arm 742 is swingably supported by the frame 21 . The other end 732 of the link member 73 is connected to the link portion 744 provided near the tip of the first arm 741 . A holding portion 745 is provided near the tip of the second arm 742 . The clamping portion 745 clamps the diameter-reduced portion 9L at the end of the swing drive shaft 9K.

When the interference prevention cam 9G rotates and pushes the cam follower 724, the first drive lever 72 swings in the counterclockwise rotation direction M1 in FIG. Then, the link member 73 moves forward in the moving direction M2. Further, the second drive lever 74 swings in the clockwise rotation direction M3. Further, the clamping portion 745 of the second drive lever 74 drives the rocking drive shaft 9K upward. As a result, the rear side of the transfer member 4 is driven upward to swing around the support shaft 9J. As a result, the gripping cassette 3 as a whole swings in the clockwise rotation direction M4. At this time, the fingers 33 of the gripper 32 move upward and away from the die 23, as indicated by broken lines in FIG.

When the interference prevention cam 9G rotates further and the pushing movement of the cam follower 724 ends, the interference prevention mechanism 7 operates in the opposite direction due to the action of a return spring (not shown). As a result, the gripping cassette 3 swings counterclockwise around the support shaft 9J. At this time, the fingers 33 of the gripper 32 are lowered to return to a position closer to the die 23 as indicated by the solid line.

Also, the second drive lever 74 swings the rack gear 5 around the support shaft 9J via the rack support member 51 . Thereby, the meshing state of the rack gear 5 and the pinion gear 6 is maintained. However, although the transfer member 4 swings around the support shaft 9J while moving straight in the transport direction, the rack gear 5 only swings around the support shaft 9J and does not move in the transport direction.

Next, the work transfer operation of the transfer device 1 of the embodiment will be described, including the interference prevention operation. When the transfer member 4 is positioned at the upstream process position, the work cut in the cutting process C1 is pushed out by a pusher mechanism (not shown) driven by the pusher cam 9C. At the same time, the workpieces forged in the first forging process P1 to the fifth forging process P5 are pushed out by knockout pins (not shown). The extruded workpiece is inserted into the gripping portion 32 of the gripping cassette 3 and gripped.

After the workpiece is gripped, the interference prevention mechanism 7 starts operating. As a result, the transfer member 4 swings, and the gripping cassette 3 is displaced to the position indicated by the broken line in FIG. In other words, the interference prevention mechanism 7 raises the gripping portion 32 and the workpiece away from the die 23 . FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a state immediately before the interference prevention mechanism 7 starts operating at the upstream process position and immediately after the workpiece W is pushed out. As shown in the figure, at the upstream process position, the fingers 33 of the gripper 32 are positioned very close to the die 23 to prevent the extruded work W from falling.

If the interference prevention mechanism 7 were not provided, the rotation of the gripping cassette 3 would cause the finger 33 to interfere with the die 23 as indicated by the dashed line X1 in FIG. as well). Therefore, the interference prevention mechanism 7 reliably prevents the gripping portion 32 and the workpiece from interfering with the die 23 .

During or after the operation of the interference prevention mechanism 7, the transfer member 4 is started to be driven by the transfer driving member 47. As shown in FIG. While the transfer member 4 moves from the upstream process position to the downstream process position, the meshing state of the rack gear 5 and the pinion gear 6 is maintained. As a result, the pinion gear 6 rotates, and the gripping cassette 3 also rotates integrally with the pinion gear 6 . Here, the numbers of teeth of the rack gear 5 and the pinion gear 6 are set so that the gripping cassette 3 rotates by 180° corresponding to the separation distance D between the processes. Therefore, the gripping cassette 3 can reverse the front and back of the workpiece and convey it.

During or after the work reaches the downstream process position, the interference prevention mechanism 7 operates in the opposite direction. As a result, the gripping portion 32 and the workpiece approach the die 23 (state corresponding to FIG. 5) at the downstream process position, and are ready for forging by the punch 26 .

6 is a plan sectional view showing an enlarged section of another finger 39. As shown in FIG. Another finger 39 has a chamfered portion 3A on the outside that does not come into contact with the work W. As shown in FIG. As a result, even if the interference prevention mechanism 7 is not provided, the extent to which the finger 39 interferes with the die 23 is reduced from the broken line X1 to the broken line X2. Therefore, the amount of displacement by which the interference prevention mechanism 7 displaces the gripping cassette 3 can be reduced.

Furthermore, the transfer device 1 may be provided with a separation distance adjusting section that adjusts the separation distance between the rotation center of the gripping cassette 3 and the die 23 . The separation distance adjuster is realized, for example, by inserting spacers of the same thickness at positions S1 and S2 in FIG. By inserting the spacer, the positions of the holding tube 46, the gripping cassette 3, and the rack gear 5 move rearward compared to FIG. As a result, the distance between the center of rotation of the gripping cassette 3 and the die 23 is adjusted from the distance DS shown in FIG. 5 to the large distance DL shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view showing the finger 3L corresponding to the large separation distance DL from the die 23. As shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, by setting the separation distance DL large, it is possible to reversely convey a work WL longer than the work W shown in FIG. In general, it is possible to reversely convey the work WL having a length of about twice the separation distance DL.

In the transfer device 1 of the embodiment, the combination of the rack gear 5 and the pinion gear 6 reversely transports the gripping cassette 3 on the linearly moving transfer member 4 . Therefore, the workpiece W can be reversely conveyed without greatly complicating the parallel movement type configuration of the transfer device 1 . Further, when the gripping portion 32 and the workpieces (W, WL) are reversely conveyed, they are kept away from the dies 23 by the interference prevention mechanism 7, so interference with the dies 23 is reliably prevented.

In the embodiment, the interference prevention mechanism 7 moves the finger 33 away from the die 23 by swinging the transfer member 4, but is not limited to this. For example, the finger 33 can be kept away from the die 23 by superimposing the forward and backward movement on the movement of the transfer member 4 in the conveying direction. Further, the gripping portion 32 can be modified such that it grips the workpiece (W, WL) at three points. The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment, and various applications and modifications other than those described above are possible.

1: Transfer Device 21: Frame 23: Die 26: Punch
3: gripping cassette 31: cassette main body 32: gripping portion
33: Finger 38: Biasing spring 39: Finger 3A: Chamfered portion
3L: Finger 4: Transfer member 46: Holding tube
5: Rack gear 6: Pinion gear
7: Interference prevention mechanism
9J: Support shaft 9K: Swing drive shaft
10: Multi-process forging machine
W, WL: work

Claims (6)

A transfer device provided in a forging machine for forging a work using a punch and a die, for inverting the work at an upstream process position and conveying it to a downstream process position,
a gripping cassette having a gripping portion for gripping the workpiece;
a transfer member that is driven by a main drive source that drives the punch, linearly moves in a conveying direction that connects the upstream process position and the downstream process position, and conveys the gripping cassette while supporting it so as to be rotatable;
a rack gear provided along the conveying direction;
a pinion gear provided on the gripping cassette, meshing with the rack gear, and rotating 180° around the center of rotation together with the gripping cassette conveyed by the transfer member;
Driven by the main driving source, before the transfer member starts linear movement from the upstream process position, the gripping portion and the workpiece are moved away from the die to complete the operation of preventing interference, and the transfer member is an interference prevention mechanism for starting an operation to bring the gripping portion and the workpiece closer to the die after reaching the downstream process position;
A transfer device comprising: The transfer member and the rack gear are swingably supported around a support shaft extending in the conveying direction,
The interference prevention mechanism swings the transfer member and the rack gear around the support shaft to raise the gripping portion and the workpiece away from the die,
2. The transfer device of claim 1. 3. The transfer device according to claim 1, wherein said gripping portion has a plurality of fingers for gripping said workpiece, and an urging member for always urging said plurality of fingers in a direction to bring them closer together. 4. The transfer device according to claim 3, wherein said plurality of fingers have chamfered portions on the outer sides thereof that do not come into contact with said workpiece. 5. The transfer device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a separation distance adjusting unit that adjusts a separation distance between the rotation center of the gripping cassette and the die at the upstream process position or the downstream process position. 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a rotation interrupter capable of switching between transmission and non-transmission of the rotation of the pinion gear to the gripping cassette, and switching between reversing and non-reversing of the workpiece. A transfer device according to any one of the preceding paragraphs.

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