JPS58500891A - Metal injection method and ladle for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Background of the invention of a metal pouring method and a ladle for carrying out the same The present invention relates to metallurgy, and in particular to metal pouring methods and ladles. .

Currently, the commonly adopted steel injection technology is to pour steel into an open ladle from its tip under atmospheric pressure. Then, the injection hole at the bottom of the ladle is opened and continuous casting or casting is carried out from the ladle under atmospheric pressure. This allows steel to flow into the ingot mold using metal pressure.

Description of prior art Prior art steel injection techniques make it impossible to control the rate at which the steel flows from the ladle. . This is because the flow rate depends on the pressure of the metal in the furnace. The metal is It is difficult to obtain a good ingot surface because it enters the ladle at high speed with droplets. be. Furthermore, the metal surface in the open ladle is oxidized by oxygen in the air. This results in quality deterioration. Furthermore, a vortex is formed in the metal above the spout. Oxidation occurs due to saturation of the steel with air as atmospheric air enters the steel. . At the same time, during the pouring operation, the molten steel cools rapidly due to heat loss from its surface. needed to eliminate that heat loss.

The above method uses a stopper ladle (e.g. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 500.893 International Patent Classification) B2241100) and sliding gate ladles (e.g. Soviet inventor certificate no. 550) , No. 238 International Patent Classification B2241108.1977 edition). This is done by injecting a structure with

The stopper ladle consists of a body lined with refractory material and having a spout hole in the bottom. Pouring A vertical stop located above the hole extends through the interior of the ladle. The top of the stopper is connected to a mechanism for vertical displacement.

In such ladle constructions the stop is directly affected by the molten steel and is therefore often This causes trouble and impairs the reliability of ladle work. Failure to open and close the stopper of the spout hole. Defeat leads to dangerous situations. Separately, the stopper above the injection hole during pouring work caused steel to flow out. Causes turbulence in the flow. The resulting metal splatter does not damage the surface skin and the ingot metal. have a beneficial effect.

A sliding gate ladle consists of an open-tipped refractory lined body with a spout hole in its bottom. .

The ladle structure described above appears to be more reliable in its use. I mean The slide gate is located on the outside of the container containing the molten metal. But long However, sliding gates complicate the structure and work due to the multiple refractories of the gate. This is because the plates must be accurately positioned and adjusted relative to each other.

3 Like the stopper, the sliding gate introduces turbulence in the outflow flow, thereby causing ingot deteriorate the quality of

Create a vacuum in a sealed ladle and absorb the metal into it, keeping the metal in it under atmospheric pressure. The metal is continuously cast or poured into an ingot mold by applying pressure in the ladle. Single metal implantation methods are also well known.

In order to carry out this method, a vacuum must be created inside the ladle, which is actually carried out. This is a very difficult task.

The molten metal filling the evacuated space undergoes rapid cooling, thus preventing metal reheating. It takes.

Equipment for carrying out the above method is well known in the art.

It has an injection container body equipped with an airtight cover and connected to a vacuum system. of the main body The spout hole provided at the bottom also functions as a filling hole.

However, the device with the above structure slows down the speed at which the device is filled with metal. It is disadvantageous. It is limited by the cross section of the pouring hole and the capacity of the vacuum pump. follow It takes a lot of time to fill large capacity containers and requires reheating of the metal. Make it. Vacuum system with all vacuum pumps, air filters and many supplies The known device, which has a complicated structure due to the lining, lacks operational reliability and workability. true Apart from the fact that the empty pump consumes electricity, the workability is better than that of Injection Work 4, Special Table 1987-5. 00891(3) is the most important factor during the work. Simplify the injection method and ladle structure and eliminate complicated mechanisms It is an object of the present invention to improve the reliability of the work by eliminating the need for a drive and a drive. Another object of the invention is to increase the production efficiency of metal pouring methods and ladles.

Another object of the present invention is to improve ingot quality and eliminate non-metallic inclusions in metal. The goal is to reduce oxidation.

Still another object of the present invention is to establish continuity in the injection method and to widen the range of its application. It is.

The present invention also facilitates ladle work and extends the service life of the ladle lining. It is a purpose.

Furthermore, it reduces the heat loss in the injection process, lowers the metal reheating temperature and the power of the steelmaking process, It is an object of the present invention to extend the service life of the lining of the melting device.

Eliminates troubles and improves worker safety when working with a ladle.

It is an object of the present invention to obtain good working conditions and good environmental pollution.

The present invention involves injecting molten metal into a ladle, maintaining the molten metal therein under vacuum, and The molten metal is discharged from the spout hole by varying the pressure within the chamber and maintaining the pressure above the atmospheric level. In metal pouring methods that involve controlled The metal is released from the ladle by metal, and the molten metal in the ladle is affected by atmospheric pressure. The molten metal is placed in the ladle with a closed pouring hole under at least atmospheric pressure until injected and then the spout hole is opened to maintain the molten metal in the ladle. The first step is to provide a metal injection method that creates a vacuum above the molten metal.

Such injection method involves pouring molten metal into the ladle by injecting the molten metal into the ladle. can be easily filled, i.e. in a minimum amount of time.

Therefore, the method of the present invention differs from the known method in that the former uses atmospheric pressure and the vacuum created in the ladle. The ability to maintain molten metal within the spout hole while relying on specific equipment. is different. A vacuum is created naturally in the ladle under the influence of the weight of the molten metal in the ladle. child This is a preferred feature of the methods described herein. Troubleshooting is a problem that interrupts work. Exhaust air inside the pot can be eliminated by treating the spout hole with a stopper, although this is a difficult problem. This substantially facilitates the injection process and improves its reliability. The resulting injection method Increase production efficiency, minimize heat loss and metal oxidation, and reduce the temperatures required to reheat metals. is reduced and ingot quality is improved.

Additionally, the disclosed method allows the flow rate of molten metal discharged from the ladle to be varied by changing the pressure in the ladle. is controlled by. inside the casting or ingot mold by controlling the flow rate. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of metal splashing at the surface of the ingot, and improves the surface texture of the ingot.

Vacuum degassing of natural metals during the pouring process reduces the amount of non-metallic inclusions in the dissolved metal. Improve attribute quality.

The injection method of the present invention is adapted to contain the metal and the melt in a continuous casting mold. In a ladle consisting of a closed hollow body used for pouring metal, An empty body has at least one filling hole, a pouring hole located at a lower part of the empty body, and a filling hole. at least one opening adapted to house a device for control pressure inside the ladle; It is carried out by a ladle in the form of an airtight container with a portion.

Such ladle construction allows direct injection of metal into the ladle, depending on the hole size and metal This can be done through the filling hole at a preferred rate governed by the static pressure of .

Furthermore, such a ladle structure requires a vacuum pump, air filter and lines. Eliminates the need for emptying, improving ladle workability and reliability and reducing power requirements . The ladle structure is such that the bath metal is held in the spout hole and the metal is held in the pouring hole. control the casting process, which makes the structure of the ladle simpler and the operation more reliable. To be. There is no storage or slide dart near the spout hole, so there is no leakage of metal. Eliminates turbulence and reduces splashing during continuous casting or injecting into ingot molds . Improvements in ingot surface texture and casting costs are advantages of the disclosed ladle.

The filling hole of the ladle according to the invention is preferably located at its bottom and connected to a metal tube. .

This eliminates the need for specific sealing of the filling hole, making the ladle of the present invention more reliable than known ladles. It also simplifies your work. This structural feature is suitable for continuous casting of metals. Also used for ladle.

The ladle has at least one pouring steel located on the same level and having a plurality of pouring steels at its bottom. It is made of two containers, the filling hole of said container being compatible with the tube that introduces the metal into said container. Advantageously, they are interconnected.

Such ladle construction increases its capacity and reduces the size of the individual containers.

It also reduces the size of the ladle and facilitates the installation of containers accurately on horizontal surfaces. come. At the same time, the technical characteristics and parameters of the metal flowing out from the various holes are stabilized and leveled out. Equalized.

In the ladle according to the invention, a filling hole having a hole is provided in the side wall of the ladle and It has a pipe that extends all the way through and ends at the groove in the bottom of the ladle, and the outlet of the pipe is at the level of the spout hole. It is preferable that the

In this device, the quality is removed from the molten metal once casting is completed, preventing the molten metal from solidifying inside the tube. , improve the working reliability of the ladle. This also applies to continuity and discontinuity of metals 8. Showa 58-500891 (4) The ladle can also be adapted for humans.

The ladle according to the present invention has a buoyant storage device which limits its buoyancy and the pouring hole The stoichiometric device is freely mounted above, and the stoving device is smaller than the density of the molten metal. made of a refractory having a density of It is preferable to

A stock that can levitate above the spout without having means to limit its flotation with molten metal. ・The provision of seven means will allow the metal to be temporarily stopped within the spout hole in case of emergency. improved control efficiency for continuous casting or injecting metal into ingot molds. let

the opening of the ladle of the invention adapted to receive a controlled pressure device is located in the lower part of the ladle; and the filling hole is preferably provided in the upper part of the ladle.

Such a ladle structure requires gas control during the pressure control process inside the ladle and during the casting process of molten metal. This allows interaction between the gas medium and the molten metal as the gas medium passes through the molten metal. effectively reduces the rate at which molten metal is injected from the ladle into the continuous casting or ingot mold. It can be controlled and maintained at a constant flow rate if necessary.

Furthermore, during the process of pouring molten metal, the molten metal is simultaneously blown in with the gas and It will be refined to improve the quality of the metal.

The spout hole is covered with a device for holding the molten metal, and the device is in the form of a perforated plate. is also preferred.

This reduces the possibility of atmospheric air entering the ladle by blocking the filling hole with controlled pouring. This makes ladle work more reliable. Furthermore, the perforated plate is a unit Gold per area; ・Reduces the amount of molten metal in the mold. Reduce droplets and improve incoat quality.

In the ladle according to the present invention, the funnel-shaped supply container has an opening at the bottom of the supply container. the filling hole is arranged on one side so as to coincide with the hole, and is larger than the diameter of the opening. refractories with a density smaller than that of the molten gold freely equipped and injected thereon. It is preferable to have a spherical sounding article consisting of:

Such a structural arrangement of the ladle allows effective control of the sealing of the filling hole. metal When the liquid is dispensed into the supply container, the filling hole spontaneously unseals and the liquid flows through the dispensing hole. Then the injection mold is placed into the ingot or continuous casting mold. Molten metal supply interrupted The ladle and ladle are sealed to complete the pouring process. Molten gold flows into the casting hole through the spout hole. At the same time as the melt enters the exhaust space in the ladle from the supply funnel through the filling hole Gold t is subjected to vacuum force Q gas. This reduces the amount of non-metallic inclusions in the metal and and improve its quality. The theory is that casting and melting of gold are carried out continuously.

The ladle has a hole for receiving molten metal other than that contained in the main vessel, and the ancillary an opening adapted to receive a device for control pressure within the main vessel and communicating with the interior of the main vessel; Preferably, an additional gas-tight chamber is provided with a communicating outflow hole.

The structural arrangement of such a ladle makes it possible to store various additives in liquid or powder form without impairing the tightness. is introduced into the main vessel. The effectiveness of these additives is therefore increased, while their depletion decreases.

In the ladle according to the present invention, a removable flag for closing the spout hole is provided in the ladle. This structure is preferably provided on the outside of the structure to protect the molten metal from atmospheric influences. The characteristics of this technique are that the atmosphere enters the ladle through the pouring hole without control, and that the molten metal flows from the ladle. Prevent spontaneous outflow of spp. Additionally, it reduces the cooling effect of the atmosphere on the molten metal, Minimizes the possibility of metal solidification within the spout hole.

The filling hole and the opening adapted to receive a device for controlling pressure in the ladle are provided with a concomitant accumulation. A controlled opening/closing device is provided at the top of the ladle containing the container, and the filling hole is provided with a controlled opening/closing device. Preferably, the control pressure device is a gas permeable plate closing said opening. stomach.

Such a ladle construction allows the production of ladles of any capacity and more than one at a time. metal can be injected into the mold.

Brief description of the drawing The invention will be explained by way of examples based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ladle consisting of two removable containers.

Figure 2 shows a stone ξ device with a filling hole provided on the side wall and a floating spout hole. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional front view of one modification of the ladle provided with the invention.

Figure 3 shows the opening adapted to receive means for controlled exhaust located at the bottom of the ladle. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional front view of one variant of the ladle with the device for holding molten metal in the ladle. It is provided in the form of a perforated plate fitted into the hole.

Figure 4 shows a ladle showing the characteristics of an additional airtight container and funnel-shaped supply container for additives. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a ladle with an accessory supply container open at the tip.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments According to the present invention, the metal implantation method can be applied to two parts made of the same part as shown in FIG. It is carried out using a ladle equipped in the same container form. However, one container Only one preferred embodiment thereof is required to carry out the invention. The explanation will be based only on the container.

The pouring method involves filling a ladle with molten metal, and then casting the molten metal into continuous casting or casting as shown below. is to pour it into an ingot mold.

The molten metal is not placed under vacuum, which is done by well-known methods, but at or just above atmospheric pressure. The force is fed into the ladle through the filling hole 5. The molten metal can be removed using well-known equipment such as refractory plastic. It is held within the spout hole 4 by the lug.

The gas filling the container 8 is released into the atmosphere through the hole 3 by the molten metal. ladle As soon as there is no more gas in the hole 3, the molten metal should be sealed by means known in the art. The effect of atmospheric pressure is eliminated by the device that holds the melt in the spout hole. The motion imparted to the metal is removed.

At this stage, the weight of the molten metal naturally creates a vacuum in the ladle, and the molten metal is poured out. It is maintained at atmospheric pressure within the borehole. The pressure in the ladle is known to start the injection process controlling the molten metal into the continuous casting or ingot mold through the holes 4 by means of The pressure is increased to a value exceeding the atmospheric pressure at which it is injected.

The conditions for carrying out such continuous injection are difficult to perform in practice using special equipment. This eliminates the need for exhausting the ladle, which is an industrial process. If all gas and air are removed from the ladle The disclosed method effectively controls the injection process and eliminates the natural flow of molten metal. Remove gender.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the filling of the ladle with molten metal is carried out at least under atmospheric pressure. vacuum is not required for its filling.

The disclosed method thus simplifies and secures the casting process. It also desorbs molten metals. Reduces the cooling effect of the gas, lowers the reheating temperature and power supply.

It should be noted that the pressure increase in the ladle is caused by e.g. This is done by introducing molten metal. The above technology requires a large amount of metal It is preferable to take it out. This is because if metal is poured into many castings through multiple pouring holes 4, If injected into molds, continuous casting or ingot molds, high production rates are possible. These advantages may be used in the field of application of the disclosed metal implantation method. The wide range is suitable for injecting high temperature metals such as steel. What is important is that The retention of molten metal within the pouring hole is created naturally within the ladle without the need for special equipment. This is simply done using a vacuum.

There is no specific retention means in the spout hole, which streamlines the flow of metal from the ladle and reduces the agitation. The liquid fills the mold without splashing, and it melts the surface of the mold. It is a factor. It is a good idea to control the flow rate of molten metal by changing the excessive pressure inside the ladle. Increase quality.

If the ladle is evacuated and the steel is degassed during the casting process, the amount of nonmetallic inclusions and steel b Reduce gas.

Preferred embodiments of the disclosed method are described in detail in the description of a ladle for carrying out the invention. do.

According to Figure 1, the ladle in which the molten metal, for example steel, is poured is lined with a refractory 2. The container is equipped with an airtight container consisting of a main body 1 and a bottom 7. The hole 3 provided in the main body 1 is Attach a device for reinforcing control pressure, such as valve 6. The pouring hole 4 is located at the lower part of the ladle, for example, the bottom 7. established in

A filling hole 5 is also provided in the ladle for the entry of metal.

Such a ladle structure allows metal to be fed into the ladle through the filling hole 5 and the metal to be , a vacuum pump filter and multiple lines, which is obviously disadvantageous in the case of the well-known ladle? This allows injection through the hole 4 without the need for any vacuum system. In the disclosure ladle Since the inside of the ladle is sealed by the valve 6, the molten metal is retained in the spout hole 4. It will be done. A vacuum is created above the molten metal in the ladle without using a vacuum pump, and the spout hole 4 is Atmospheric pressure applied to the molten metal through the ladle prevents the gold from flowing out of the ladle. Close to spout hole 4 Since there is no stopper or slide gate, the metal flows out of the ladle without being stirred. Metal splash in continuous casting or ingot molds is minimal. Therefore ingot The surface texture is improved and the cost of making castings is reduced. Exposing the surface of the molten metal in the container 8 to the vacuum means that the amount of non-metallic inclusions will increase. is removed from the steel under vacuum degassing.

The ladle thus disclosed does not require vacuum pumps, filters or lines and is This ladle has a simpler structure, is safer, has better workability, and consumes less electricity. Sucking The lining is more durable as it is not subject to drag effects. The ladle of the invention performs filling However, since it does not rely on a vacuum pump, the time to fill the container 8 is reduced, and the filling time is This is done by gravity via the holes 5.

Second, the bomb f does not cool the molten metal. Eventually the metal reheating temperature will decrease the power input The life of the lining of the melting furnace is also increased. Furthermore, the ladle can be reliably 7-rued. by ensuring worker safety, improving working conditions and reducing environmental pollution. vinegar.

The ladle of the invention operates as follows.

The disclosed container can be used while using a conventional pouring ladle (not shown) opened at the tip. It is filled with steel via the filling hole 5. At this stage, the spout hole 4 is opened from the inside using, for example, fireproof plastic. are simultaneously occluded with lugs (not shown). Substantially all the gas in the container 8 is dissolved. The container 8 is closed by closing the pulp 8 as soon as it is discharged therefrom by the molten steel. It is sealed with the atmosphere. The pressure acting on the fireproof plug of spout hole 4 is thereby The pressure is reduced by 1 atmosphere and the plug is pushed onto the surface to open the spout hole 4. simultaneous A vacuum is created in the vessel 8 by the weight of the molten metal, thereby forcing the metal further into the atmosphere. It is held within the spout hole by pressure.

For steel pouring, one can use a conventional pouring ladle open at the tip and through the filling hole 5. It begins by introducing the steel into the container 8 of the ladle, which the pouring hole 4 is placed in. This is until a pressure that exceeds that of the atmosphere is created to a level that exceeds that of the atmosphere. The melt corresponding to the pressure The molten steel flows from the three spout holes 4, or if the second container 8 is considered, from the six spout holes 4. , many continuous castings or ingots of metal matched at the same speed controlled by large pressure Begin flow into a cut mold (not shown). from the pouring ladle when filling the mold. The flow of steel into container 8 becomes discontinuous, and the outflow of molten metal from the container ends at the same time. do. The noteworthy point is that the container 8 is filled with steel and the outflow from the spout hole 4 is blocked by atmospheric pressure. It lies in being done. Other pressures are placed inside it to fill and carry out other mold batches. is made in vessel 8 by adding more molten metal, thus The method is then repeated.

When emptying the open tip pouring ladle, the container 8 of the closed ladle is opened with the valve 6 open and the hole closed. 3 The molten metal is drawn out by introducing air or other gas into the mold and the steel is poured into the mold. emit. The outflow rate is controlled by the amount of gas introduced into the container 8. closed In order to finish filling the pot, the flow of gas into the container must be stopped. . This interrupts the outflow of steel from the spout hole which is effected by atmospheric pressure.

The scope of the present invention is not limited by the above description of preferred embodiments, and various modifications may be made. They exist as follows. for example, A disclosed ladle may consist of any number of containers.

One ladle may have any number of pouring steels.

- The ladle of the closed type can be used separately, ie without an open-ended ladle.

- The molten metal is placed in the molds of continuous casting equipment in iron and steel factories or in the molds of technical factories. Injected.

- A ladle is used to cast any molten metal.

The bottom 7 of the ladle is removable, and the base of the ladle, i.e. the main body 1, is one object. Preferably, the spout hole is located in the bottom 7, as shown in FIG.

Unlike known steel casting equipment, the ladle of the above structure has a structure between the removable bottom 7 and the main body 1. No special sealing device is required at the connection. This is because the atmospheric pressure level at the bottom 7 of the container This is because the gas pressure within 8 is equal to the molten metal static pressure. This will allow you to remove the ladle. Air leakage is prevented from the joint between the flexible bottom and the main body 1. The air leak is from the spout hole. causing a difficult and uncontrolled flow of molten metal from the

The bottom 7 is necessarily manufactured into the container 8 and is not removed like the well-known ladle which serves the same purpose. A cover that can be removed is provided. However, in this case the vacuum system is is essential. This is because cross-sectional expansion of the connection between the cover plate and the main body occurs at high temperatures. Because it's cheating. Connections thus caused by the flow of molten metal from the ladle Air leakage is not excluded especially when casting hot melt metals, e.g. steel .

According to FIG. 2, a filling hole 5 is arranged at the bottom of the ladle and the molten metal enters the container 8. Preferably, it is connected to a tube. The need for the filling hole 5 to be sealed is thus eliminated. Ru. This is because the atmospheric pressure is equal to the gas pressure in the ladle at the level where the spout hole 4 is located. This is because the static pressure of the molten metal is the same. As a result, the ladle is operationally reliable. It is simplified and used as an intermediate ladle in continuous casting.

Injecting the metal into the corresponding number of ingots or continuous casting molds (not shown in Figure 1) If the ladle container 8 has a plurality of holes 4 (FIG. 1) and is of a length in that sense, Preferably, at least two containers 8 are provided which are interconnected by a tube 9. stomach. The advantages of such a ladle are primarily that strict requirements on the placement of the ladle are specified. There aren't many things. This is because the outflow of metal from the spout hole occurs during the transfer and , for example, reduces the travel height by the same amount due to two factors. Second, small The small capacity container 8 simplifies work, and the widely spaced spout holes help to homogenize the metal components. make it easier.

According to FIG. 2, the filling hole 5 is preferably provided in the side wall of the ladle 1 and the tube 9 is inserted through the hole. The distraction pipe extends into a specific groove 10 in the bottom 7 of the ladle, and its outlet is located in the spout hole 4. level.

This device prevents solidification of metal in the filling hole 5 and at the outlet from the tube 9. Serve in ladle As soon as the supply becomes discontinuous, metal flows out of the tube. The results are continuous and discontinuous casting It is reliable and easy to use in a working ladle suitable for construction. .

It is made of refractory material, has a density smaller than that of molten metal, and a diameter smaller than that of spout hole 4. For example, a device 11 in the form of a large floating flammable fiber may be used. A device for limiting the buoyancy of is provided above said. Device 11 early f2 , the container 8 has the valve 6 partially closed to prevent the molten metal from being removed. filled under excessive gas pressure. Due to the metal static pressure created when the ladle is full, This prevents the device 11 from floating. The valve 6 is closed, and the device 11 is placed above the spout hole 4. The rising surface is pushed up by the amount allowed by the refractory fibers. true inside container 8 When the air is gone and the pressure is at an acceptable value, the device 11. is to block spout hole 4. This will interrupt the metal pouring.

Such a feature of construction may result in an incidental arrest of the molten metal within the spout 4 in case of an emergency. , improving the control of the dispensing process from the container 8.

A valve 6 used as a control pressure device is installed at the bottom of the ladle as shown in FIG. It is installed in the hole 3 that has been provided. This is for gas from molten metal in the casting process. Exclude passageways and encourage interaction between them. Gas warming up is gas This leads to volume stabilization which also gives a uniform flow rate of the injected metal, thereby Reduces metal splash and improves the surface texture of ingots. For the interaction of metals and gases The refining of the metal thus carried out improves the quality of the metal.

The spout hole of the ladle holds a metal in the form of a perforated plate that covers the hole, as shown in Figure 3. A device 12 can be provided to do this. This large spout hole is replaced by many small holes. When the particles are divided into small pieces, the pressure at atmospheric pressure increases and the particles enter the container 8 through the holes 8. So As a result, the possibility of air leakage is reduced and the uncontrolled escape of molten metal from the vessel 8 is also reduced. Ru. The result is reliable functioning of the ladle. Other molten metal flows per unit area A reduction in the output energy is obtained in this case. There are many people who are interested in VJ Thill. It reaches the point in a small flow, thus resulting in the smallest droplet of metal, which modifies the surface skin of the ingot. Good.

The metal feeds in a funnel shape that is double layered so that the bottom opening coincides with the filling hole. It is fed into the ladle by a container 13 (FIG. 4). diameter is larger than that of the supply container A freely equipped sphere made of a refractory material that has a high resistance to heat and has a density smaller than that of the molten metal. 14 is provided above the opening.

When the supply container 13 is filled with molten metal, the spherical body 14 levitates and opens the filling hole 5. , and also metal bath waste from the supply container 13 into the ladle container and then into the pouring hole 4. - Remove the path of \. By interrupting the supply of molten metal into the supply container 13, the sphere 1 4 into the filling hole 5 and cover it. The sealing effect of the sphere 14 and the remaining in the supply container The sealing effect of the molten metal interrupts the outflow of the melt from the pouring hole of the ladle. to this Thus, effective control of the casting process is obtained and uncontrolled leakage of metal from the ladle container 8 is avoided. The natural opening of the filling hole 5 is noted. Melting into an ingot or continuous casting mold Simultaneously with the injection of dissolved metal, the metal is transferred from the supply container 13 to the exhaust space of the container 8 through the filling hole 5. Genus flow causes degassing. In addition, special evacuation equipment such as vacuum pumps, air filters, etc. Degassing takes place without routers and lines. It is made to make the ladle reliable. This simplifies the process, improves work efficiency, and saves power.

An ancillary airtight container 8' (FIG. 4) is provided within the ladle and contains a metal container contained within the main container. through the filling hole 5'. Container 8' contains a control pressure device (valve). 6) is provided in the container with a hole 3' in which it is attached, and is connected to the main container of the ladle. An outflow hole 4' is provided.

In such devices it is possible to introduce various liquid additives into the exhaust container. , thus keeping the container airtight. Eventually the essential pressure within the incidental vessel, therefore The first valve 6' is opened by the amount giving the particular additive feed rate. It will be done. This increases efficiency and reduces its wear and tear.

An effective feature of the ladle is a removable flag 15 provided on the outside of the pouring hole 4. (Figure 4).

The flag 15 is provided for casting molten metal and the casting is carried out in any of the above methods. Pressure is applied in the vessel 8 to cause metal to flow out from the pouring hole 4 into the mold. Molten gold in ladle Protects the metal in the spout hole 4 from the influence of the atmosphere and prevents the metal from leaving the ladle. Installed to prevent air leakage into the ladle resulting in uncontrolled spillage. flash Pool 15 also reduces the cooling effect of the atmosphere on the molten metal and prevents pore blockage. The possibility of solidification of molten metal within the spout hole 4 is reduced.

The bottom 7 of the ladle may be provided with a plurality of pouring holes 4 as shown in FIG. Mitsuru a container 8 in which a filling hole 5 is arranged and adapted to accommodate a control pressure device; It is possible to provide an additional storage container 17 in the upper part of the . Filling hole 5 has opening/closing The control device for is provided, and a control pressure device is provided in the hole 3. It is provided in the form of a gas-permeable plate mounted within.

The stock 16 is placed in the open position and the spout 4 is temporarily closed by the fireproof plug. Once loaded, the ladle container is filled with molten metal from the storage container 17 via the filling hole 5. Become. The air released by the molten metal from the ladle flows through the holes 3 and the gas permeable plate 18. released into the atmosphere.

When filling the container 8 of the ladle with molten metal, the filling hole 5 is filled with a stock, 416. It is closed and molten metal is injected into the storage space]7. At the same time, a vacuum is installed in container 8. be done. As mentioned above, the fireproof plug is pushed out to the surface and fills the filling hole. This is because the plug is removed. By opening the stopper 16, the metal can be stored in the space. 17 into container 8 and then from container 17 into container 8. through holes 4 into a mold (not shown) at a rate of

When the storage container 17 is emptied, dispensing continues from the container 8 and is controlled by the store e16. Air is admitted through the large filling holes 5. At this stage, it is covered with molten metal. Air does not enter the container 8 through the gas-permeable plate 18, which prevents air from entering the container 8. The flow rate of the molten metal poured out from the filling hole 5 is controlled only by the amount of air entering from the filling hole 5. Ru.

Required to hold a metal body whose height and volume are under a pressure of 1 atmosphere under atmospheric pressure Unlike container 8, which is limited by its nature, storage container 17 can be used at any height and space. Therefore, a ladle of the above construction is suitable for pouring any amount of metal. Main departure Another advantage of Ming's ladle construction is that it allows for controlled flow rate pouring into multiple molds at the same time. It is possible to apply a ladle of. This results in high production efficiency and good quality. 7-point surface skin can be obtained.

If the analogy is used to compare an intermediate steel casting ladle with a well-known device having the same purpose. If so, the disclosed invention has the following.

High production achieved by pouring one steel into 12 or more molds at once efficiency -Improved ingot surface texture One theory is that the improved gas process obtained from the gas process is characterized by a low content of non-metallic inclusions. quality of the steel, - reduction of secondary deoxidation of the steel; - Increased co-output, durability of the furnace lining and reduced power consumption, all of which resulting from a reduction in the reheating temperature of the essential steel, a combination of a casting process and degassing, alloying and blowing processes; - Improved working conditions and environmental protection against pollution, and carrying out the process in an airtight space High temperature effect possible by.

Industrial applicability The invention applies to pouring ingots or continuous casting molds. It is non-ferrous metal It is also applied to casting rare metals.

li2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Pour the molten metal into the ladle, maintain the molten metal 2 in it under vacuum, and pour the molten metal into the ladle. to maintain the pressure above the atmospheric level and drain the molten metal from the spout hole. In controlled metal injection methods, virtually all the air is removed from the ladle by the molten metal. The molten metal in the ladle is not affected by atmospheric pressure. the molten metal is injected into the ladle having a closed pouring hole under at least atmospheric pressure until the and then the spout hole is opened to maintain the molten metal in the ladle. A metal injection method characterized by creating a vacuum above molten metal. 2. Pour the molten metal into a continuous casting mold adapted to contain the metal. A method for carrying out the metal injection method according to claim 1, comprising a closed hollow body used for In a ladle for serving, The hollow body of the ladle has at least one filling hole and a filling hole disposed at a lower part of the hollow body. at least one applied to the outlet hole and a reservoir housing a device for control pressure inside the ladle. A metal pouring ladle, characterized in that it is in the form of an airtight container with one opening. 3. The pouring hole is provided at the bottom of the ladle, and the bottom is made to be separable, while the 3. The ladle according to claim 2, wherein the base of the ladle is a one-piece structure. 4. The injection hole is provided at the bottom of the ladle and is connected to the tube containing the molten metal. A ladle according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: 5. The ladle is arranged at the same level and has a plurality of pouring steels at its bottom. Both are made of two containers, the filling hole of said container being a tube for introducing said metal into said container. A ladle according to claim 4, characterized in that the ladle is interconnected with the ladle. 6 A filling hole with a seal is provided in the side wall of the ladle and extends through the ladle. a tube terminating in the groove in the bottom of the pot, the outlet of said tube being located at the level of said spout hole; A ladle according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: 7. A floating storage device can be freely mounted above the spout by limiting its buoyancy. wherein the stopper device is provided with a resistor having a density less than the density of the molten metal. Claims characterized in that the claim is made of fire and has a diameter larger than the diameter of the spout hole. The ladle according to any one of items 1 to 6. 8. said opening adapted to receive a control pressure device is located in the lower part of said ladle and said Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a filling hole is provided in the upper part of the ladle. Ladle as described in section. 9. The pouring hole is covered with a device for holding the molten metal, and the device is in the form of a perforated plate. The ladle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: 10. A funnel-shaped supply container is arranged so that the bottom opening of the supply container is aligned with the filling hole. is located above the filling hole and is larger than the diameter of the opening, and is freely disposed above the filling hole. A spherical part equipped with and consisting of a refractory with a density less than that of the injected molten metal. A ladle according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it has: 11 The ladle has a hole for storing molten metal other than that stored in the main container, and an opening adapted to receive a control pressure device in an optional container and an interior of said primary container; characterized in that it is equipped with an ancillary airtight chamber having an outflow hole communicating with the A ladle according to claim 2 or 3. 12. A removable flap that closes the spout hole. A pipe is provided outside the pouring hole to protect the molten metal from the influence of the atmosphere. A ladle according to any one of claims 1 to 11. 13. Associated with said filling hole and said opening adapted to receive a device for controlling pressure in said ladle. A controlled opening/closing device is provided in the upper part of the ladle with a storage container, and the filling hole is provided with a controlled opening/closing device. and that the device for controlling pressure is a gas permeable plate closing said opening. A ladle according to claim 2, characterized in that: