JPS5848522B2 - Agricultural and horticultural disinfectant and storage disease control agent - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an agricultural product containing as an active ingredient one or more selected from monobasic potassium phosphate, monobasic sodium phosphate, dibasic potassium phosphate, and dibasic sodium phosphate. This invention relates to horticultural disinfectants and storage disease control agents.

Traditionally, noble metal compounds such as copper agents, mercury agents, and arsenic agents, as well as organochlorine agents and organic phosphate agents, have been widely used as agricultural and horticultural fungicides, but these agents all pose a risk of soil contamination. Because they remain in the natural world and affect animals and plants, environmental pollution has been raised as a social problem, and their production has recently been banned.

In addition, the damage caused by various fungal diseases caused by rotting bacteria that occur when citrus fruits and cane vegetables are transported to remote areas or stored is serious, and for this reason, sulfur-containing compounds are used as control agents. However, it is undesirable from the standpoint of environmental pollution, as it cannot be harvested until a certain period of time has passed after being sprayed using the standing tree spraying method.

For this reason, there is a strong demand for the development of highly safe and non-polluting pesticides, and as a result of intensive research from this perspective, the present inventors have found that each of the above-mentioned compound groups is capable of controlling diseases caused by plant pathogens. Furthermore, the present invention has been completed based on the new findings that it is highly effective in controlling storage diseases of harvested crops, and has no effect on plants or harvested crops.

The active ingredients of the present invention, such as monopotassium phosphate, monosodium phosphate, dibasic potassium phosphate, and dibasic sodium phosphate, are used as buffering agents in various chemical experiments, and all of them have been used as buffering agents in various chemical experiments. It has the excellent properties of a so-called non-polluting pesticide, as it is completely harmless to humans, does not require extreme care in handling like conventional chemicals, and has no concerns about environmental pollution due to residual poison. and
It is also possible to apply the buffer as is.

The present invention was completed based on the knowledge that the effects of sterilizing microorganisms and controlling storage diseases are significantly exhibited under pH conditions, that is, on the alkaline side. In particular, it has the property of being able to maintain pH conditions in the range of approximately 8 to 8.5.

Thus, the drug of the present invention can be used to treat various rice cultivation diseases, various plant diseases such as cucumber anthracnose, powdery mildew, citrus canker, etc., and various storage diseases of fruits and cane crops. For example, blue mold of citrus (pc
nicillium italichum) green mold fungus (pcnicillium digitatum)
), Botrytis ciner
ea ), Diaporthe cit
ri), grape bunch rot fungus (Plysalospo
ra baccae), peach anthracnose fungus (Gloeo
It is completely harmless to humans and livestock and can exhibit excellent control effects against diseases caused by Sporium laeticolor and the like.

When the active ingredient of the present invention is used as a disinfectant and storage disease control agent for agricultural and horticultural purposes, it can be applied directly, or it can be applied to a suitable solid or liquid carrier according to methods for formulating agricultural chemicals commonly known in the art. It can be applied in any form such as granules, powders, emulsions, aqueous solutions, tablets, oils, sprays, and atomizers using emulsifying and dispersing agents.

Examples of these carriers include clay, kaolin, bentonite, acid clay, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, etc., and auxiliary agents commonly used in formulations, such as interfacial agents such as spreading agents, dispersants, and emulsifiers. As activators, soap, higher alcohol sulfate esters, alkyl sulfonates,
Alkylaryl sulfonates and the like can be appropriately blended.

The appropriate blending ratio of the active ingredient of the present invention in a drug is about 10 to 90% for emulsions, wettable powders, etc., and about 0.1 to 10% for powders, oils, etc., but there are no particular limitations. These concentrations can be increased or decreased as appropriate depending on the purpose of use.

Furthermore, the agent of the present invention can also be used by appropriately mixing with other agents, such as herbicides and insecticides, fertilizers such as urea, ammonium sulfate, phosphoric acid, and potassium salts, soil conditioners, and the like.

Next, Examples of the drugs of the present invention will be shown (where, parts indicate parts by weight).

) Example 1 (Irrigation agent) Mixture of monobasic potassium phosphate and dibasic potassium phosphate 20
An irrigation agent prepared by mixing and pulverizing 2 parts of white carbon, 2 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 4 parts of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, and 72 parts of clay.

Use by diluting approximately 1000 times with water.

Example 2 (Powder) **Powder prepared by mixing monobasic sodium phosphate, 2 parts of dibasic potassium phosphate, and 98 parts of talc.

Example 3 (Emulsion) 20 parts of monobasic sodium phosphate and dibasic sodium phosphate,
An emulsion prepared by mixing and dissolving 10 parts of a 1:1 mixture of polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether and sodium alkylaryl sulfonate, 20 parts of methanol, and 50 parts of water.

Example 4 (Granules) 10 parts of a 1:1 mixture of monopotassium phosphate and dibasic potassium phosphate, 15 parts of starch, 72 parts of bentonite, and 3 parts of the sodium salt of estedel lauryl alcohol sulfate.
Granules made by mixing and pulverizing parts.

Next, the effects of the drug of the present invention will be specifically explained using test examples.

The phosphate buffer described in the test results is a buffer solution composed of monobasic sodium phosphate, monobasic potassium phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, and dibasic potassium phosphate, and one example was used in the test example. Show the results.

Test Example 1 (Cucumber anthracnose control test) (a) Two-week-grown young seedlings of test plant cucumber (variety: Sagami Hanjiro) (planted in 2-3 2-inch pots) (b) Test chemical solution Example 3 Diluted phosphate buffer emulsion prepared according to
Concentration: 5000 ppm) at 40m per 2 pots
Spray evenly.

(c) Inoculum source and inoculation method Cucumber anthracnose pathogen (Colletotrichum
lagenarium) was cultured on a slant medium at 28°C for one week to form spores, and the spores were suspended in pure water and adjusted to 9,100 per raft under a 150x microscope. Seedlings were spray-inoculated using a souffle gun.

After inoculation, the mice were allowed to develop disease in a humid room for 2 days, and the degree of disease onset was examined 4 days later.

The results are shown in Table 1.

*Test Example 2 (Mandarin orange storage disease control test) (prevention test) Test fruits of Satsuma mandarin oranges were immersed in a medicinal solution of a prescribed concentration (phosphate buffer solution water preparation prepared according to Example 1) for about 5 minutes, and air-dried. 6 hours later, about 1 cIn. A needle was inserted into a cubic rubber block so that it protruded approximately one angle, and the needle was pressed against the upper surface of the fruit at 4 locations (1 location: 5 needles) to create scratches.

After this treatment, green mold pathogen (penicillium
digitatum) spore suspension was spray inoculated onto the injured part of the test fruit.

The treated fruit was kept at a humidity of approximately 100%, and the state of decay was examined after 3 to 5 days.

The results are shown in Table 2. Test Example 3 (Mandarin orange storage disease control test) (prevention test) A test fruit (Unshu mandarin orange) was damaged according to the wound test method of Test Example 2, and then a chemical solution of a prescribed concentration (phosphorus prepared according to Example 1) was applied. The test fruit*Ai was soaked for about 5 minutes in an acid buffer (watering agent), and after air-drying, it was washed with green mold pathogen (penicillium).
digitatum) spore suspension was spray inoculated onto the injured part of the test fruit.

When the treated fruit was kept at a humidity of approximately 100% and the state of decay was examined after 3 to 5 days, the results shown in Table 3 were obtained.

Test Example 4 (Mandarin Orange Storage Disease Control Test) (Treatment Test) After the test fruit (Unshu mandarin orange) was damaged by the wound test method of Test Example 2, green mold pathogen (penicillium digitatum)
The spore suspension was spray inoculated onto the injured part of the test fruit.

After 24 hours, the test fruit was immersed in a chemical solution of a predetermined concentration (a phosphate buffer solution prepared according to Example 1) for about 5 minutes, air-dried, and the treated fruit was kept at approximately 100% humidity. After 4 days, the state of decomposition was examined.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Test Example 5 (Rice blast control test) Paddy rice (variety: Jukoku) was sown directly in cultivation pots (10 pots/pot), and at the 4-5 leaf stage, a phosphate buffer solution prepared according to Example 1 was applied. After spraying an irrigation agent and drying it, rice blast fungus ( piri
cularia oryzae).

Inoculation is in rice husk medium (rice husk 3r, powdered yeast extract 0
．． 01g, sugar 0.2P, starch 0.05g, water 5mg)
The rice blast pathogen spores cultured at 27° C. for 7 to 10 days are made into a suspension and inoculated by spraying in an inoculation box.

After inoculation, the plants are left in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25° C. for 24 hours, and then a vinyl tent is set up on a vat filled with water, and if the plants are left in that box, they will develop disease in the 5th to 7th day after inoculation.

After the onset of the disease, the number of lesions per pot was investigated, the control value was calculated, and the efficacy was examined, and the results shown in Table 5 were obtained.

The method for calculating the control value is the same as in Test Example 1.

In addition, the known drugs shown as comparative examples in Test Examples 1 to 5 were prepared and used at concentrations optimal for controlling the target diseases, taking into consideration usage standards, drug damage, and toxicity issues.

On the other hand, the phosphate buffer of the present invention does not have such problems and was used after being adjusted to the most effective concentration for controlling the target disease.

[Consideration]

The drug of the present invention has the following effects compared to various known drugs commonly used for each plant disease and storage disease.
They showed almost the same control value, and there was no chemical damage at all.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sterilizer for agricultural and horticultural use characterized by containing one or more selected from monopotassium phosphate, dibasic potassium phosphate, monobasic sodium phosphate, and dibasic sodium phosphate as an active ingredient. Storage disease control agent.