JPS5843331A - Floor heating member and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a cushiony and highly safety floor heating member by a method wherein temperature controlling safety devices are fixed onto the surface of a plain heat generating body and a cushiony member is bonded integrally to the heat generating body so as to cover the safety devices. CONSTITUTION:The floor heating member 1 is formed in such a manner that the temperature controlling safety devices 11 are bonded to one surface of the plain heat generating body 2 and the cushiony member 3 is bonded integrally to the plain heat generating body 2 while it covers the safety devices 11. The plain heat generating body 2 comprises a heat generating layer 4 of a textile fabric impregnated with a carbon containing electroconductive resin and attached with, on both upper and lower surfaces thereof, with polyvinyl chloride sheets 5, polyesther films 6, aluminum foils 7, polyesther films 8 and polyvinyl chloride sheets 9 laid one above another in that order, respectively. Further, each of the safety devices 11 comprises a temperature fuse, an overheating preventive element or a temperature control element and a lead wire is led out therefrom.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Conventional home heating methods can be broadly classified as follows based on the way heat is transferred.

(1) convection heating, (2) radiant heating, (3) conduction heating. All of these have advantages and disadvantages as indoor heating.

(1)! For example, hot air heating is a method in which hot air is blown into a room to cause convection, but indirect heating involves first generating thermal energy and then heating the air to generate warm air. Since it is a heating system, a decrease in thermal efficiency is unavoidable, and it is actually difficult to maintain a constant temperature from the floor to the ceiling using only convection.

(2) is a method of heating from the floor, such as ondol, hot water floor heating, and panel heaters, and there is almost no temperature unevenness in the indoor space, making it an ideal heating for cold heads and feet.
Do you need all the equipment to generate hot water or combustion smoke? Nell heaters had problems such as making users feel hard and fatigued.

(3) K includes, for example, a stove, and although it has the advantage of being able to directly utilize combustion heat, it also reduces indoor air pollution,
There were drawbacks such as a large temperature difference between the floor and ceiling.

On the other hand, when considering heating and human comfort from a theoretical perspective, several conditions are required in addition to warmth.

In other words, the most important conditions for thermal pleasure include (a) temperature, (b) radiant heat, (C) humidity, (d) wind speed, and (e) seat valve. In particular, the balance between temperature and radiant heat is considered important.

In the case of (2) above, heat rays are absorbed directly into the human skin from the floor surface, and the heating directly warms the surface of the human body, so we feel warmth relatively independently of the surrounding temperature. In this sense, it can be said that (2) C is efficient heating. In this way, the benefits of underfloor heating have attracted attention not only from the perspective of conventional heating, but also from a theoretical perspective.In particular, with the recent trend of placing emphasis on energy conservation, underfloor heating has good thermal efficiency and Head, $1. ．． : The importance of heat as an ideal heating source is becoming increasingly recognized.

However, with conventional floor heating, a flannel heater is placed on the floor or a planar heating element is embedded within the floor material, which gives users a hard and fatigued feeling and reduces the cushioning properties of the carpet. The shortcomings, such as the decline, still remain unresolved.

In addition, when a cushioning material is placed on top of the 7 or flannel to improve cushioning properties, there is also the drawback that the thermal efficiency of the mother flannel decreases.

Furthermore, safety problems such as the automatic temperature control device not operating properly if the IE flannel heater is used for a long period of time have been left unaddressed without any improvement measures.

Under these circumstances, there has been a strong demand for a floor heating material that is durable and highly safe.

The first object of the present invention is to provide cushioning properties and to eliminate troubles caused by malfunction of the temperature control device.
Our objective is to provide high-quality cicada floor heating materials.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a heating material that has a simple structure and is convenient to handle.

The third object of the present invention is to provide a floor heating fan that does not require special maintenance and can be used even when visiting by just turning the control switch off.

The fourth object of the present invention is that the installation on the floor is easy and simple;
To provide a method for using floor heating materials that allows work to be completed with little effort.

Next, the present invention will be specifically explained based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which a floor heating material 1 has a thickness of about 10 to 15%, a temperature control mounting device 11 is adhered to one side of a planar heating element 20, and a temperature control mounting device 11 is attached to one side of a sheet heating element 20. Safety device 1
A planar heating element 2 and a cushioning material 3 are integrally bonded together while covering the heating element 1. The planar heating element 2 has a total thickness of 2 to 3%.
It is.

Any suitable commercially available material can be used as long as it has flexibility. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline of one embodiment of the planar heating element 2 used in the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing details of portion A in FIG. 2.

That is, above and below the central heating layer 4, a polyvinyl chloride sheet 5, a polyester film 6, an aluminum foil 7,
Polyester film 8 and polyvinyl chloride sheet 9
are stacked in this order. The heat generating layer 4 is made of fibers.
It is formed by impregnating a fabric, such as a polyester fiber fabric or a cotton fabric, with a carbon-containing conductive resin. As shown in FIG. 4, electrodes 10.
0 is the default. This electrode 1 (l) is usually a copper foil or a copper mesh wire. The aluminum foil 7 has the function of uniformly diffusing the heat generated in the heat generating layer 4, and the polyester film 6.8 is In addition to preventing corrosion due to oxidation, the aluminum foil 7, together with the polyester film 6, significantly reduces the permeability of gases, especially oxygen.Also, the polyvinyl chloride sheet 5.9 , acts as an electrical insulator.Fifth
The figure is a partially enlarged view showing another embodiment of the planar heating element 2, in which I
The polyester film 6, aluminum foil 7 and polyester film 8 are laminated, and the outermost layer is ? It is covered with a vinyl chloride sheet 9. In other words, this sheet heating element is
This differs from the planar heating element shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in that vinyl chloride sheet metal is not laminated above and below the heating layer 4.

In addition to the above, the heat generating layer can also be a so-called carbon fiber fabric, which uses carbon fiber for the weft and polyester fiber or cotton for the warp, or a heat generating layer that has improved heat resistance by kneading carbon powder into fluororesin. You can also use As shown in FIG. 1, a safety device 11 for temperature control is adhered to one surface of the sheet heating element.
A lead wire is taken out from the. Here, the safety device means a temperature fuse, an overheat prevention element, and a temperature control element.In the present invention, a combination of a temperature fuse and an overheat prevention element, a temperature fuse, an It is used in combination with a prevention element and a temperature control element.

By using such a safety device, the present invention solves the problem of poor temperature control, which was the biggest problem with conventional panel heaters.

Temperature fuses are used to cut off current when other elements do not operate even though the temperature of the sheet heating element has risen abnormally, and various types are used depending on the desired cutoff temperature. can.

For example, a 115°C-0FF type is used.

The overheat prevention element is used, for example, to prevent heat from accumulating under the cushion and causing an abnormal temperature rise in some areas when a cushion is placed over the sheet heating element. By using a ℃-〇FF type, local heat and heat can be prevented, and a semiconductor element or bimetal is usually used, preferably a semiconductor element.・ , , :・ Temperature control element
The surface temperature of the planar heating element can be controlled within the range of ~50°C.

The number of such safety devices to be used can be arbitrarily selected, but in general, the number of safety devices used increases as the external dimensions of the planar heating element increase, excluding the temperature control element. Table 1 below shows examples of changes in the number of safety devices used due to changes in the external dimensions of the planar heating element.

Among these safety devices, the overheating prevention element and the temperature control element can be adjusted depending on the individual difference in the use of the heating material or the location where the heating material is installed, for example, by changing the dial of the controller installed on the wall of the room. Controlled by matching the desired temperature scale, the bed temperature is maintained within the set temperature range.

It is also possible to incorporate a timer into the control dial, so that the power can be automatically turned on or off when, for example, you go out or go to bed.

(The following is a blank space) Table 1 Furthermore, in the present invention, the cushioning material is integrally bonded to the sheet heating element while covering the temperature control safety device adhered to the sheet heating element.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the safety device 11 is bonded onto the planar heating element 2 and embedded in the cushioning material 3. Here, as the cushioning material 3, a thermoplastic synthetic resin foam sheet such as polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc. is used.

These foam sheets not only provide cushioning properties to the planar heating element 2 but also function as a heat insulating material, and as described later, when the floor heating material of the present invention is laid on the floor material surface, This eliminates the hard feeling of the heating element and prevents heat from escaping through the flooring. This cushion material-
Although the thickness of 3 can be set arbitrarily, it is usually preferable to have a thickness of 7 to 10% for the purpose of imparting comfortable cushioning properties to the planar waste heat body 2.

According to the floor heating material 1 of the present invention, the cushioning material 3 is integrally bonded to one side of the sheet heating element 2, thereby eliminating the drawbacks of conventional sheet heating elements. Eliminates the stiffness of the shoulder, 3□6゜,...
.

That is, as will be described later, if the floor heating material of the present invention is laid on the flooring of a house with the cushioning material facing down, and a carpet, etc. In order to obtain comfortable cushioning properties without destroying the cushioning properties inherent in the carpet depending on the material, it is possible to provide comfortable cushioning properties without destroying the cushioning properties inherent in the carpet. The heating element no longer gives people a hard feeling.

Therefore, the floor heating material of the present invention is suitable as a heating material for a room where a car is covered.

Furthermore, by using a safety device consisting of a temperature fuse, an overheat prevention element, and a temperature control element, the present invention solves the temperature control problem, which is considered to be the biggest drawback of conventional floor heating. did it. In other words, since the present invention uses the three types of safety devices described above, in the unlikely event that
The temperature control element is 9. - Even if the temperature stops moving, the overheat prevention element will operate to prevent abnormal temperature rise, and further prevent excessive temperature rise.
b: n's L. 9o□. <ui> The fuse is activated and power is cut off.

Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the accumulation of heat that occurs when objects are placed on the floor heating material, and to control the surface temperature of the floor heating material on which no objects are placed to a desired temperature range. In other words, the present invention takes triple safety measures, so it is extremely safe and completely eliminates problems such as abnormal temperature rise due to malfunction of the automatic control device when used for a long time as in the past. It was done.

In addition, the sheet heating element used in the present invention has high chemical resistance, so it has sufficient durability against chemicals and oxidation used in ordinary houses, and there is no disconnection. It has outstanding durability and can be used with both AC and DC.

Furthermore, with the floor heating material of the present invention, the radiant heat from the floor directly warms the human body, so even if the room temperature is low, the human body will not feel cold. Therefore, it is an energy-saving heating material with high thermal efficiency, and since there is no need to raise the room temperature, the room does not dry out and a soft heating feeling can be obtained.

In particular, in the present invention, since the cushion layer also acts as a heat insulating material, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of cold air from the floor surface and the leakage of warm air, thereby further increasing thermal efficiency.

Furthermore, the floor heating material of the present invention has excellent loadability,
It has a load capacity of up to 20Kp/d.

Therefore, the cushioning properties of the floor heating material of the present invention will not be lost or the heating function will not deteriorate due to furniture or the like used in ordinary houses.

In addition, the floor heating material of the present invention has almost no temperature unevenness in the indoor space, and is warm up to 15 cm above the bamboo floor, making it an ideal type of heating that keeps your head cool and your feet warm.

In addition, the total thickness of the floor heating material of the present invention is about lθ%, so
Even when laid on flooring, it does not narrow the indoor space, allowing the maximum use of the area of the room. Moreover, it does not pollute the air in the room, so it is a safe and healthy heating material that does not require ventilation.

Next, an example of a procedure for laying the above-described floor heating material of the present invention on a floor material will be explained based on FIG. 6.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the procedure for installing the floor heating material of the present invention. First, when constructing a house, for example, when wiring lighting, outlets, etc., the wiring for the power supply and controller 12 for floor heating is Let's do it.

On the other hand, a joint box 13 is buried in the floor, and a controller 12 and a relay part 14 are buried in the wall of the room. Complete the wiring between JL/Part 14, Relay Part 14 and each joint box 13 (.

Next, the specifications of the floor heating material 1 to be used are determined so that the amount of heat generated by the floor heating material 1 is greater than the amount of heat escaping from the outer wall, floor, ceiling, inner wall, glass window, etc. of the room.

Of course, there are differences in outside temperature depending on the region, and differences in the structure of the room and the heat flow rate of the materials used.11+1 The cushioning material 3 is on the bottom surface, and the sheet material 2 is on the top surface.

Lay it on the floor of the room so that it looks like this.

When installing this floor heating material, one room or one
It is necessary to use at least one floor heating material in which a temperature control element is incorporated into the controller.

In FIG. 6, 1A is a floor heating material incorporating a temperature control element. − In addition, when laying this, the lead wire of the sheet heating element,
That is, as mentioned above, the lead wires are connected to the electrodes provided on both sides of the heat generating layer provided at the center of the sheet heating element, and the safety device interposed between the sheet heating element and the cushioning material is connected. Place the floor delayering material on the floor surface with the outlet side of the lead wire facing the joint box.

If the flooring is made of wood, use double-sided tape or adhesive to fix the floor heating material to the flooring.

In addition, if the flooring material is inorganic such as mortar, the floor heating material is fixed to the flooring material using a combination of adhesive and double-sided adhesive. ″ □□9.. Akira 5, you can do it.
The middle part of the floor is also a frequently used area.

Only floor heating material may be installed.

Usually, the latter method is often adopted, partly because the floor area of the room and the dimensions of the floor heating material do not necessarily match.

After the installation of the floor heating material is completed in this way, the IJ-- wire from the sheet heating element of the floor heating material, the lead wire from the safety device as described above, and the joint box 1 are connected.
Connect the power supply that is pre-wired up to 3 in the joint box 13, and then install the cover on the box 13.

The basic conclusion diagram 1 corresponding to the above diagram 6 is shown in Figure 7.
In the figure, an earth leakage breaker 16 and an overcurrent breaker 17
installation is required by law.

After the wiring is completed, spacers 15 are laid on the floor surface where the floor heating material 1 is not laid.

This spacer 15 is used to compensate for the difference in level of the floor surface caused by laying the floor heating material 1 on the floor surface.

The spacer 15 is a thermoplastic synthetic resin foam sheet or a felt sheet similar to the cushion material 3;
The floor heating material 1 is cut into pieces 2 according to the shape of the floor surface on which it is not laid. In other words, Ai Pacer 15Fi floor heating material 1
The spacer 15 and the floor heating material 1 may have the same thickness, and the cushioning properties thereof may be different from that of the floor heating material 1, but in order to eliminate the sense of discomfort due to the difference in cushioning properties, the spacer 15 and the floor heating material 1 may be the same. An example of a 6° spacer which preferably has a cushioning property of 1 is shown in enlarged cross-sectional views in FIGS. 8 and 9. In FIG. 8, the spacer 15 is made of thermoplastic synthetic resin foam 1.
A polyvinyl chloride sheet 19 with a thickness of about 1.5% is placed on the surface of 8.
It is formed by bonding and has a total thickness of about 10%, which matches the thickness of the floor heating material 1. By selecting the thickness of the sheet 19 and the cushioning properties and thickness of the foam 18, the cushioning properties of the entire spacer can be adjusted. The cushioning properties are close to those of floor heating material 1. “Figure 9 shows spacer 15
Another example is shown in which a hard foam sheet 20 and a soft foam sheet 21 made of thermoplastic synthetic resin are integrally bonded, and the hardness of the sheets 20 and 210 and the thickness of each of the sheets 15 to 15 are shown. The overall cushioning property is close to that of the floor heating material 1. The thermoplastic synthetic resin foams 18, 20 and 21 are appropriately selected from the materials for the cushioning material 3 used in the floor heating material 1 of the present invention described above. When these spaces are laid on the floor, usually a hard layer is placed on the front surface of the space, and a soft layer with high cushioning properties is placed on the back surface. Such a spacer is fixed to the flooring material with double-sided tape or adhesive in the same way as the floor heating material. The joint between floor heating material and floor heating material, between floor heating material and spacer, and between spacer and spacer,
Although there is no need to take any special measures, it is recommended to tape the joints together to prevent the floor heating material and spacer from warping. After the floor heating material and spacer have been laid, a carpet is laid over the floor heating material and spacer. -:□・lj□#'%.

All kinds of commercially available products can be used for the hair, but it is particularly preferable to use products with long hair or pure hair products. Advantageous in terms of feel and heating effect.

According to the method of using the floor heating material of the present invention, the floor heating material can be easily and easily laid on the floor surface, and the work can be completed with little effort. No special equipment or skill is required for installation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

, Figure 1 shows 1. of the floor heating material of the present invention. 2 is a sectional view showing an outline of one embodiment of the planar heating element used in the present invention; FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the stacked state of the heating layer and electrodes of the sheet heating element used in the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing another embodiment of the sheet heating element used in the invention. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the procedure for laying the floor heating material of the present invention, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the installation procedure of the floor heating material of the present invention, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the installation procedure of the floor heating material of the present invention, Figure 8 and Figure 8 are diagrams of the spacer used in the present invention. It is a sectional view showing an example, respectively. 1... Floor heating material, 2... Planar heating element, 3... Cushion material, 11... Temperature control, safety device, 12...
・Controller, 13...Joint index, 15
...Patent Attorney Shin Ogawa − Patent Attorney Ken Noguchi Patent Attorney Kazuhiko Saishita. Please make any changes to the drawings.Figure 1Figure 2Figure 7Mr. Commissioner of the Patent Office
Display of 1 work 11 total 156 (1 patent application No. 141690; 2. Name of the invention Floor heating material and method of using the same 3. Relationship between correction table = Iil"IJ: Patent applicant 4.
person

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A planar heating element, a temperature control safety device fixed on one surface of the planar heating element, and a temperature control safety device that is integrated with the planar heating element while covering the temperature control safety device. Floor heating material consisting of bonded cushioning material. 2. The planar heating element includes a heat generating layer, a thermoplastic synthetic resin insulating layer laminated on the heat generating layer, a metal foil laminated on the insulating layer, and a thermoplastic synthetic resin layer laminated on the metal foil, respectively. The floor heating material according to claim 1, comprising a resin insulating layer. 3. A sheet heating element is laminated on a heating layer formed by impregnating a fiber fabric with a carbon-containing conductive resin, and on the heating layer.
A polyvinyl chloride sheet, a polyester film laminated on the polyvinyl chloride sheet, an aluminum foil laminated on the polyester film, a polyester film laminated on the aluminum foil, and a polyester film laminated on the polyester film, respectively. The floor heating material according to claim 1, comprising laminated polychlorinated polypropylene and nirunto. 4. A heat generating layer in which the planar heating element is made of a carbon-containing conductive paint layer, and a polyester film laminated on each of the heat generating layers! :, Claim 1 comprising an aluminum foil laminated on the diester film, a polyester film laminated on the aluminum foil, and a polyvinyl chloride sheet laminated on the polyester film. floor heating material. 5. The floor heating according to claim 1, wherein the temperature control safety device is a combination of a temperature fuse and an overheat prevention element, and a combination of a temperature fuse, an overheat prevention element, and a temperature control element. Material. 6. The floor heating material according to claim 1, wherein the cushioning material is a thermoplastic synthetic resin foam sheet. 7. A planar heating element, a temperature control safety device fixed on one surface of the planar heating element, and a cushion integrally bonded to the planar heating element while covering the temperature control safety device. A floor heating material consisting of a material is laid on the floor of the building □ with the cushioning material facing down, and a lead wire from the sheet heating element, power supply side wiring, and a lead from the temperature control safety device are laid. All wiring from the controller via wires and relays is connected in the joint deck buried in the floor surface, and spacers are laid on the floor surface where the floor heating material is not laid. A method of using a floor heating material, in which a carpet is laid on the heating material and the spacer, and the temperature of the floor heating material is controlled by the controller: 8. A planar heating element is a heat generating layer and a heat generating layer laminated on the heat generating layer. Floor heating according to claim 7, comprising a plastic synthetic resin insulating layer and a thermoplastic synthetic resin insulating layer respectively laminated on the metal foil. How to use the material. 9. A heating layer in which the planar heating element is impregnated with a polyester fiber fabric iC carbon and a conductive resin containing it, a polyvinyl chloride sheet laminated on the heating layer, and a polyvinyl chloride sheet laminated on the polyvinyl chloride sheet, respectively. A patent claim consisting of a polyester film, an aluminum foil laminated on the polyester film, a polyester film laminated on the aluminum foil, and an IJ vinyl chloride sheet laminated on the polyester film, respectively. How to use the floor heating materials listed in Section 7. A heating layer in which the lO4 planar heating element is made of a carbon-containing conductive paint layer, a polyester film laminated on the heating layer, an aluminum foil laminated on the tF/+J ester film, and the aluminum foil p' A method for using a floor heating material according to claim 8, comprising: a polyester film laminated on the ester film, and a polyvinyl chloride sheet laminated on the ester film. 11. Claim 7, wherein the temperature control safety device is a combination of a temperature fuse and an overheat prevention element, and a combination of a temperature fuse, an overheat prevention element, and a temperature control element. How to use the floor heating material described in section. 12. The method of using the floor heating material according to claim 7, wherein the cushioning material is a thermoplastic synthetic resin foam sheet. 13. The spacer is a thermoplastic synthetic resin foam sheet,
8. The method of using the floor heating material according to claim 7, which is a laminate of a thermoplastic synthetic resin foam sheet and a polyvinyl chloride sheet, or a felt sheet. 14. Claim 7, wherein the floor heating material and spacer are fixed to the floor surface with double-sided adhesive tape or adhesive.
How to use the floor heating material described in section.