JPS5843147B2 - Kobutsu no Senkouhou - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mineral beneficiation method, and particularly to a method for separating and refining minerals from sandy materials containing non-magnetic minerals and/or weakly magnetic minerals.

The present inventors applied a mineral solution with an acidic or alkaline pH range obtained by mixing fine particles of ferromagnetic material and an acid solution or an alkaline solution to a sandy material containing non-magnetic minerals and/or weakly magnetic minerals in a magnetic field. A phenomenon in which ferromagnetic substances adhere to non-magnetic minerals or weakly magnetic minerals and are attracted to them or attracted to a magnetic field.
The degree of magnetization or attraction to the magnetic field varies depending on the type of mineral, and also depends on the type and concentration of the acid or alkaline solution added, the type and property of the ferromagnetic material added, and the strength of the applied magnetic field. I discovered a changing fact.

The present invention was completed based on the above findings, and consists of adding 0.05 to 10% by weight of fine ferromagnetic material to a sandy material containing non-magnetic minerals and/or weakly magnetic minerals. Mix and further add a solution containing acid or alkali to a mineral solution concentration of 5.
The mineral liquid obtained was mixed to a concentration of ~50% by weight.
By magnetically separating non-magnetic minerals and weakly magnetic minerals with ferromagnetic substances attached to them in a magnetic field of 0.00 Gauss or higher, one of the non-magnetic minerals and weakly magnetic minerals in the sandy material is separated from other sandy materials. The gist of this book is a mineral beneficiation method that is characterized by separation.

The non-magnetic minerals and/or weakly magnetic minerals referred to in the present invention include, for example, quartz, feldspar, waxite, chinastone, kaolin, mica, limestone, dolomite, zircon, garnet, chalcopyrite, chalcopyrite, and rhodochrosite. It refers to minerals such as zinc ore and galena that are difficult to be affected by magnetic fields in a magnetic field of about 10,000 Gauss.

Furthermore, the term "sandy material" as used in the present invention means a sandy material containing the above-mentioned non-magnetic minerals and/or weakly magnetic minerals, which has a particle size in the range of several hundreds of microns to several nanometers, for example. sea sand, river sand,
Examples include crushed materials such as syenite and aprid.

The reason why the grain size of the sandy material is limited in this method is that if the grain is finer than this lower limit, mineral beneficiation separation becomes insufficient due to mutual adhesion of non-magnetic minerals and weakly magnetic minerals. This is because if the particles are coarser than this upper limit, non-magnetic minerals and weakly magnetic minerals will not be sufficiently magnetized or attracted to the magnetic field.

Furthermore, the ferromagnetic material referred to in the present invention refers to materials with high magnetic susceptibility that are affected by a magnetic field of about 3000 Gauss or less, such as magnetite, comma sesquioxide, ferrosilicon, ferrite, titanite, etc. means.

However, the numerical values listed in this S are not critical, and materials with magnetic susceptibility lower than these numerical values require a high magnetic field beyond the practical range for magnetic selection, so this is a preferable range. I want to be understood.

The particle size of this ferromagnetic material is suitably from 10 microns to several tens of microns, and if it deviates from this range, the adhesion and accompanying action with non-magnetic minerals and weakly magnetic minerals will deteriorate.

The amount of the ferromagnetic material added varies depending on the purpose of beneficiation and the content of the target mineral, but is generally about 0.05 to 10% by weight of the sandy material.

The acid or alkaline solution referred to in the present invention includes, for example, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, etc., or sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia, etc. means.

Generally, the concentration of mineral fluid is 50. If it exceeds 5% by weight, the magnetic separation of the mineral will be insufficient, and if it is less than 5% by weight, the amount of mineral liquid will increase, which is disadvantageous. Preferably, the solutions are mixed.

In general, the strength of the magnetic field for magnetic separation in the present invention is 4
000 Gauss or more is required.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail by giving an example of the separation of minerals according to the present invention.

For example, a mixture of quartz, feldspar and mica may be combined with magnetite and/or gamma iron sesquioxide in the pH range 1-3? After adding the hydrochloric acid solution and stirring, magnetic separation is performed, and the feldspar and mica are magnetically attached and can be separated from the quartz.

In this case, a hydrochloric acid solution is particularly preferred, but next it is preferred to use sulfuric acid or hydrofluoric acid.

Another method for separating quartz from feldspar and mica is to use sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide solutions in the pH range 9 to 14 and also apply a magnetic field, instead of using the acid solutions described above. It can also be done by

Similarly, a mixture of quartz, feldspar, and mica, magnetite and/or ferrosilicon, and sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid in the pH range of 3 to 5 are added. When oxalic acid or a mixed solution thereof is added and then subjected to magnetic separation, mica is magnetically attached and can be separated from quartz and feldspar.

In the case of a mixture of quartz, feldspar and kaolin, a sodium silicate solution is added to it and stirred, then magnetite and amines such as laurylamine and rosinamine are mixed with sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid in the pH range of 5 to 7, or these. When the mixed solution is added and stirred, and then subjected to magnetic separation, kaolin is magnetically attached and can be separated from quartz and feldspar.

In addition, in the case of a mixture of quartz, feldspar, and limestone, magnetite and/or gamma iron sesquioxide and sodium hydroxide in the pH range of 9 to 14 and/or calcium hydroxide solution with pH 9 or higher are added and stirred. When treated with a magnetic field, quartz, feldspar, and limestone can be separated due to the difference in their magnetic attraction forces.

As explained above, sandy materials containing non-magnetic minerals and/or weakly magnetic minerals can be made into various forms by adding fine particles of ferromagnetic material and further mixing acid or alkaline solutions with various pH ranges. It is possible to separate component minerals.

Ferromagnetic substances attached to minerals obtained by magnetic separation are
After bringing the mineral solution to a neutral range, or adding and stirring a dispersant such as alkali silicate or alkali phosphate, it can be separated by treatment in a low magnetic field of 5000 Gauss or less, or by classification separation such as cyclomun. This can be recovered and reused after demagnetizing it, such as passing it through an alternating current magnetic field, if necessary.

Similarly, most of the acid or alkaline solution used can also be recycled.

In carrying out the present invention, flocculants, dispersants, and surfactants such as aluminum sulfate, sodium silicate, polyaluminum chloride, amines, alkyl sulfonic acids, and oleic acid may be added as necessary, or further. The magnetic separation efficiency may be improved by applying a direct current.

Generally, silica sand contains feldspar and iron-containing minerals as impurities, and when using it as a raw material for glass, these impurities must be removed.

Conventionally, removal of these impurities has been carried out by table beneficiation and flotation, but the process operations have been extremely complicated.

According to the present invention, these impurities can be removed without requiring the complicated operations required by the conventional methods, and its industrial effects can be said to be tremendous.

Examples of the present invention will be shown below.

Example 1 Table 1 below shows the composition of raw sand consisting of quartz, feldspar, clay, iron-containing minerals, etc., and cyclone-treated sand obtained by subjecting the raw sand to classification and separation using a cyclone to remove clay. .

Table 2 shows the composition of magnetically separated sand obtained by subjecting this cyclone-treated sand to beneficiation according to the present invention and conventional wet magnetic separation under the same two magnetic separation conditions.

In the magnetic separation method in this example, the mineral solution concentration was set to 20% by weight using a hydrochloric acid solution of pH 1, and 2.0% by weight of cyclone-treated sand was added and mixed with magnetite having an average particle size of 0.1μ. Magnetic selection was carried out in the same manner as above in a magnetic field of 15,000 Gauss.

It will be seen that the impurities Al2O3 and Fe2O3 are significantly reduced in the magnetic separation treated sand according to this example when compared with the conventional wet magnetic separation treated sand.

The minerals removed were potassium feldspar, muscovite, titanite, kattite, chromite, garnet, zircon, monazite, xenotime and some clay minerals.

Example 2 In silica sand for general sheet glass raw materials, the Al2O3 content is allowed up to about 3% by weight, and F
It is said that the e2O3 content should be 0.1% by weight or less.

Table 3 below shows how to increase the mineral solution concentration to 2 using a pH 2 hydrochloric acid solution.
This shows the results when 2% by weight of raw sand is mixed with 0% by weight magnetite with an average grain size of 0.25μ, and the raw sand is subjected to magnetic separation in a magnetic field of 15,000 Gauss. *It can be seen that the quality of the sand obtained for the kimono meets the above requirements.

Table 3 shows the magnetic tailings obtained at the same time.

In addition, Table 4 below shows that the tailings shown in Table 3 (obtained as a slurry with a mineral solution concentration of 10% by weight) is adjusted to pH 7 by adding a sodium hydroxide solution, and then the pH of the mineral solution, which is sodium silicate, is adjusted to 0. By adding 0.05% by weight, stirring and mixing, and magnetic separation in a 5000 Gauss magnetic field, the ferromagnetic material, that is, magnetite, mixed in the tailings is magnetically separated, and feldspathic sand is obtained as a non-magnetic material.

This feldspathic sand can be used as a raw material for ceramics such as ceramics, and the magnetite can be separated by a low magnetic field and used again.

Table 5 below shows the results of magnetic selection using the method of the present invention using raw sand containing mica, clay, etc., which is called Kira and was conventionally discarded, during the selection of silica sand. Magnetic separation treated sand was obtained as a non-magnetic material.

The treatment conditions were as follows: a mineral solution concentration of 20% by weight using a hydrochloric acid solution of pH 3, 2% by weight of the raw sand containing magnetite with an average particle size of 0.25μ, and treatment in a magnetic field of 15,000 Gauss.

The magnetically separated sand had a reduced content of both Al2O3 and Fe203, and was of a quality that could be used as raw material silica sand for Iwaho lath.

The minerals removed included muscovite, biotite, potassium feldspar, chitaiite, kattite, and chromite.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Mix 0.05 to 10% by weight of fine ferromagnetic material with a sandy material containing non-magnetic minerals and/or weakly magnetic minerals, and add a solution containing an acid or alkali to a mineral solution concentration. The mineral solution obtained is magnetically separated in a magnetic field of 4000 Gauss or more in a form in which ferromagnetic substances are attached to non-magnetic minerals and weakly magnetic minerals. A mineral beneficiation method characterized by separating non-magnetic minerals and weakly magnetic minerals from other sandy materials.