JPS5842143B2 - Lightweight aggregate for building materials - Google Patents
Lightweight aggregate for building materialsInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5842143B2 JPS5842143B2 JP2170879A JP2170879A JPS5842143B2 JP S5842143 B2 JPS5842143 B2 JP S5842143B2 JP 2170879 A JP2170879 A JP 2170879A JP 2170879 A JP2170879 A JP 2170879A JP S5842143 B2 JPS5842143 B2 JP S5842143B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aggregate
- cement
- mold
- foam
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/08—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons
- C04B16/082—Macromolecular compounds porous, e.g. expanded polystyrene beads or microballoons other than polystyrene based, e.g. polyurethane foam
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、軽量骨材に関し、更に詳しくはスチレン−無
水マレイン酸共重合体の発泡粒を用いた保水性に優れた
建築材料用骨材に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lightweight aggregate, and more particularly to an aggregate for building materials with excellent water retention using expanded granules of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer.
発泡合成樹脂粒子を骨材とする軽量コンクリートは、耐
火、吸音、断熱性に富み、建築用材料として広い用途を
有しているが、発泡合成樹脂粒子そのものが非常に低比
重であり、かつコンクリートに対する親和性も悪いもの
であるから、早番ζ凝固前のコンクリート内に発泡合成
樹脂粒子を入れて混合するだけでは、粒子が上方へ浮上
してしまい、しかも分離した状態で凝固してしまう。Lightweight concrete, which uses foamed synthetic resin particles as aggregate, is rich in fire resistance, sound absorption, and heat insulation properties, and has a wide range of uses as a building material. However, the foamed synthetic resin particles themselves have a very low specific gravity, and Therefore, if foamed synthetic resin particles are simply mixed into concrete before early solidification, the particles will float upward and solidify in a separated state.
従って、単に混合するだけでは強度的に弱く、かつ不均
一な軽量コンクリートしか製造することができなかった
。Therefore, by simply mixing, it has been possible to produce only lightweight concrete that is weak in strength and non-uniform.
そこで、ポリスチレン発泡粒子を骨材として使用するに
際し、アミノ酸および動物性油脂を同時に混合したり、
粒子表面にオルガノシロキサノールを被覆したりして、
セメント−水混合物に対する親和性を高める方法が開示
されている〔実公昭３８−１７０６７号公報および特公
昭４２−２０７１９号公報参照。Therefore, when using polystyrene foam particles as aggregate, amino acids and animal fats and oils may be mixed at the same time, or
By coating the particle surface with organosiloxanol,
A method of increasing the affinity for cement-water mixtures is disclosed (see Utility Model Publication No. 38-17067 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-20719).
〕。さらに、ポリスチレン発泡体を粉砕して表面の気泡
が開放された発泡粒となし、保水性を向上させて、上記
の技術の様な特別な薬剤を用いることなく、発泡粒表面
にセメントを一様に塗布せしめる方法も開示されている
←特公昭５１−１６４５４号公報参照。]. In addition, the polystyrene foam is crushed to form foam particles with open air bubbles on the surface, improving water retention, and cement is uniformly applied to the surface of the foam particles without the use of special chemicals as in the above technology. A method for applying the same is also disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-16454.
〕。これらの従来技術では、−次発泡粒子を直接骨材と
して用いるものではなく、薬剤での処理または発泡体の
粉砕という工程を必要とするものであり、不経済があっ
た。]. In these conventional techniques, the secondary foamed particles are not directly used as aggregate, but require a process of treatment with a chemical or crushing of the foam, which is uneconomical.
本発明の目的は、この様な薬剤での処理や発泡体の粉砕
を必要としない建築材料用の軽量骨材を提供することに
ある。The object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight aggregate for building materials that does not require treatment with such chemicals or crushing of the foam.
この目的は、スチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体の発泡
粒を用いることにより達成される。This objective is achieved by using expanded styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer granules.
スチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体の発泡体は保水性に
優れており、その吸水率はスチレン発泡体の約３倍に達
する。Styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer foam has excellent water retention, and its water absorption rate is about three times that of styrene foam.
従って、スチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体を一次発泡
粒子のまま骨材として用いてもセメントをその表面に充
分付着することができるのである。Therefore, even if the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer is used as an aggregate in the form of primary foam particles, cement can be sufficiently attached to the surface thereof.
もちろん、該共重合体の一次発泡粒子を加熱発泡して成
形された発泡体を粉砕して表面部の気泡が開放された発
泡粒とすることもでき、この様な発泡体では更に保水性
が向上して好ましい。Of course, it is also possible to heat and foam the primary foamed particles of the copolymer and crush the molded foam to obtain foamed particles with open air bubbles on the surface. Improved and desirable.
本発明で用いられるスチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体
としては、無水マレイン酸を２〜２５重量φ重量包含で
あって、重合度５００〜４０００、特に９００〜２５０
０のものが好ましく用いられる。The styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer used in the present invention contains 2 to 25 weight φ of maleic anhydride, and has a degree of polymerization of 500 to 4000, particularly 900 to 250.
0 is preferably used.
発泡粒の大きさは、１〜２０ｍｍ、好ましくは３〜１０
關である。The size of the foamed particles is 1 to 20 mm, preferably 3 to 10 mm.
It's relevant.
粉砕された発泡粒は不定形であり、必ずしも球状に近い
ものではないが、その径を直径に換算して上記の大きさ
のものを用いる。The pulverized foamed particles have an amorphous shape and are not necessarily close to spherical, but the diameter is converted to the diameter and used is one having the above-mentioned size.
発泡倍率は、数倍〜数十倍の範囲で適宜使用できる。The expansion ratio can be appropriately used in the range of several times to several tens of times.
本発明の骨材は、たとえば次の様にして軽量コンクリー
トの骨材として用いることができる。The aggregate of the present invention can be used as an aggregate for lightweight concrete, for example, in the following manner.
本発明の骨材は、セメント約１０に９と水５〜９時の混
合物１容量部に対して３〜７．５容量部の割合で加える
。The aggregate of the present invention is added at a ratio of 3 to 7.5 parts by volume to 1 part by volume of a mixture of about 10 parts cement and 5 to 9 parts water.
セメントとしては、土木建築等で用いられる普通のポー
トランドセメントならいずれも用いられる。As the cement, any ordinary Portland cement used in civil engineering and construction can be used.
水の量が上記の様に制限されているのは水和したセメン
トに適度の粘度を与え、骨材の表面への被覆を都合よく
行うと共に、セメント硬化後の強度を大きくするためで
ある。The reason why the amount of water is limited as described above is to give the hydrated cement an appropriate viscosity, to conveniently coat the surface of the aggregate, and to increase the strength of the cement after hardening.
骨材の割合が３容量部より少なければ、骨材と。If the proportion of aggregate is less than 3 parts by volume, it is considered aggregate.
セメントの比重差による分離が顕著になると共にコンク
リート全体の重量が増大して好ましくない。Separation due to the difference in specific gravity of cement becomes noticeable and the weight of the entire concrete increases, which is undesirable.
一方、７．５容量部より多くなれば、骨材を被覆するセ
メント層が薄くなり過ぎて、充分な強度が得られず、ま
た耐火性も劣化する。On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 7.5 parts by volume, the cement layer covering the aggregate becomes too thin, resulting in insufficient strength and poor fire resistance.
セメント、水および骨材の混合順序は任意であり、３成
分を同時に混合してもよいが、セメントと水の混合物に
骨材を添加するのが好ましい。Although the order of mixing cement, water and aggregate is arbitrary and the three components may be mixed simultaneously, it is preferable to add aggregate to the cement and water mixture.
本発明の骨材は、この様な混合物を単に攪拌するだけで
均一に混合され、その表面にはセメントと水の混和物が
容易に被覆される。The aggregate of the present invention can be uniformly mixed by simply stirring such a mixture, and the surface of the aggregate can be easily coated with a mixture of cement and water.
上記の３成分の混合物には、必要に応じてさらに他の物
を添加することを妨げない。Other substances may be added to the above-mentioned mixture of three components as required.
かような添加物は、高分子物の懸濁水溶液や珪酸石灰、
石膏、生石灰、アルミン酸石灰等である。Such additives include suspended aqueous solutions of polymers, silicate lime,
These include gypsum, quicklime, and lime aluminate.
これらの添加物は、骨材の表面にセメントの水和物を均
等に被覆するために必要なものではない。These additives are not necessary to evenly coat the surface of the aggregate with cement hydrate.
かような添加物を多く混合するときには、上述の水の比
率を若干多くする必要が生じる。When a large amount of such additives are mixed in, it becomes necessary to slightly increase the proportion of water mentioned above.
高分子物の懸濁水溶液としては、とくにポリ酢酸ビニル
又はポリメチルメタクリレートの懸濁水溶液が適当であ
り、かような懸濁液を少量添加すると、骨材とセメント
混合物の結合力が向上する。As an aqueous suspension of a polymer, an aqueous suspension of polyvinyl acetate or polymethyl methacrylate is particularly suitable, and when a small amount of such a suspension is added, the bonding strength between the aggregate and the cement mixture is improved.
また、珪酸石灰、石膏、生石灰及びアルミン酸石灰等は
、何れもセメント中に含まれている成分であるが、かよ
うなものはそれぞれをさらに添加してもよい。In addition, silicate lime, gypsum, quicklime, aluminate lime, etc. are all components contained in cement, but each of these may be further added.
とくに、珪酸石灰は、セメントの粘度を調節するために
添加することができ、石膏はセメントの増量剤及び乾燥
剤として、生石灰はセメントの硬化遅延剤として、アル
ミン酸石灰はセメントの硬化促進剤として有効である。In particular, lime silicate can be added to adjust the viscosity of cement, gypsum as a bulking agent and drying agent for cement, quicklime as a hardening retardant for cement, and lime aluminate as a hardening accelerator for cement. It is valid.
また、細かい砂等が添加できることは云うまでもない。It goes without saying that fine sand or the like can also be added.
セメントの薄層が、骨材の全表面を被覆するに至った混
合物は、これを所定の形状に成形する。The mixture is formed so that a thin layer of cement covers the entire surface of the aggregate, shaping it into a predetermined shape.
成形に際しては、型を用いることが好ましい。When molding, it is preferable to use a mold.
型を用いるときは、上記混合物が型の隅々までもよく行
きわたるように充填する。When using a mold, fill the mold so that the mixture is thoroughly distributed throughout the mold.
このために、型内を部分的に棒で攪拌したり、型の蓋を
軽く押圧したりするがよい。For this purpose, it is recommended to stir the inside of the mold partially with a stick or to press the lid of the mold lightly.
しかし、圧縮成形のように、強く型を押圧することは必
要でない。However, unlike compression molding, it is not necessary to press the mold strongly.
具体的に云えば、上記混合物を型内に自然落下せしめ、
型内に自然堆積された状態から２乃至１０％程度圧縮す
ることが望ましい。Specifically, the above mixture is allowed to fall naturally into the mold,
It is desirable to compress the material by about 2 to 10% from the state naturally deposited in the mold.
かような圧縮によって、上記混合物は型内の隅々までも
よく行きわたるに至る。Such compression ensures that the mixture is well distributed throughout the mold.
そして、上記混合物は、その型に接する面が、はぼ平滑
になると共に、骨材の表面を被覆しているセメント層が
互いに部分的に接触するに至る。The surface of the mixture in contact with the mold becomes substantially smooth, and the cement layers covering the surfaces of the aggregates come into partial contact with each other.
成形の場合の型としては、木製のものでも金属製のもの
でもよい。The mold for molding may be made of wood or metal.
また、型の形状は全面が閉鎖できるものであることを必
要としない。Furthermore, the shape of the mold does not require that the entire surface can be closed.
例えば、広い面積の平板状の成形体を得ようとする場合
には、型は上下の２つの板で足りる。For example, when trying to obtain a flat molded product with a wide area, two mold plates, upper and lower, are sufficient.
また、型を上下に重ねて使用することもできる。It is also possible to stack the molds one above the other.
かような型により成形された成形体は、その形状が崩れ
ない程度に至ったとき、型から取出され、型外で養生せ
しめられて、硬化した成形体となる。When the molded article formed by such a mold reaches a point where its shape does not collapse, it is taken out from the mold and cured outside the mold to become a hardened molded article.
上記の形状が崩れＮ重度に至る亥召０ま、少くとも２０
時間が必要と１゜また、養生に必要な期間は数日間であ
る。The above shape collapses and the injury leading to N severity is 0 or at least 20
In addition, the period required for curing is several days.
本発明の骨材を用いれば、保水性が極めて大きいため、
伺ら界面活性剤の様な薬剤を用いることなく、セメント
を骨材表面に付着できるので、軽量コンクリートを、セ
メント、水および骨材を混合するという非常に簡単な工
程で製造することがさらに、骨材自体もスチレン−無水
マレイン酸共重合体の発泡性粒子を一次発泡させるだけ
で製造でき、ポリスチレン発泡体の様に発泡体を粉砕で
きる。If the aggregate of the present invention is used, water retention is extremely high, so
Furthermore, since cement can be attached to the aggregate surface without the use of chemicals such as surfactants, lightweight concrete can be manufactured using a very simple process of mixing cement, water, and aggregate. The aggregate itself can be produced by simply foaming expandable particles of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, and the foam can be crushed like polystyrene foam.
するという工程を必ずしも必要としないので経済的であ
る。It is economical because it does not necessarily require the process of
Claims (1)
る建築材料用骨材。 ２ 発泡粒が共重合体の一次発泡粒子である特許請求の
範囲第１項記載の骨材。 ３ 発泡粒が共重合体の発泡体を粉砕したものであり、
表面部に開放した気泡が存在し、中心部に独立気泡が存
在するものである特許請求の範囲第１項記載の骨材。[Claims] 1. An aggregate for building materials comprising expanded granules of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer. 2. The aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the expanded particles are primary expanded particles of a copolymer. 3. The foam particles are obtained by crushing copolymer foam,
2. The aggregate according to claim 1, wherein open cells exist on the surface and closed cells exist in the center.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2170879A JPS5842143B2 (en) | 1979-02-23 | 1979-02-23 | Lightweight aggregate for building materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2170879A JPS5842143B2 (en) | 1979-02-23 | 1979-02-23 | Lightweight aggregate for building materials |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS55113660A JPS55113660A (en) | 1980-09-02 |
| JPS5842143B2 true JPS5842143B2 (en) | 1983-09-17 |
Family
ID=12062551
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2170879A Expired JPS5842143B2 (en) | 1979-02-23 | 1979-02-23 | Lightweight aggregate for building materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5842143B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59137352A (en) * | 1983-01-27 | 1984-08-07 | 株式会社ジェイエスピー | Polymer cement mortar for heat insulating filler |
-
1979
- 1979-02-23 JP JP2170879A patent/JPS5842143B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS55113660A (en) | 1980-09-02 |
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